Household multi-lead sleep monitoring device

Abstract

A household multi-lead sleep monitoring device comprises a main control device; the electrodes are used for collecting the GND potential, the electroencephalogram potential, the electro-oculogram potential and the myoelectricity potential respectively, the electrodes are electrically connected with the main control device, and at least one of the electrodes is a dry electrode in dry contact with the skin. According to the household multi-lead sleep monitoring device, at least one electrode is arranged to be the dry electrode in dry contact with the skin, compared with a wet electrode used in cooperation with conductive paste in the prior art, the dry electrode is more convenient for household use, and the operation convenience of the household multi-lead sleep monitoring device is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the field of sleep monitoring, in particular to a household multi-lead sleep monitoring device. Background Art

[0002] Polysomnography (PSG) is the most important examination for diagnosing sleep disorder-related diseases such as sleep-related breathing disorders, sleep-related movement disorders, and parasomnias. By monitoring indicators such as electroencephalogram, electrocardiogram, electromyogram, respiratory airflow, respiratory effort, and arterial oxygen saturation, it is possible to understand the sleep quality of the subject, whether snoring occurs or even apnea occurs, and the lowest arterial oxygen value during apnea. It is the internationally recognized gold standard for diagnosing sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome and also an important auxiliary diagnostic tool for various sleep disorders.

[0003] Currently, the technical specifications for multi-lead sleep monitoring mainly apply the guidelines specified by the American Academy of Sleep Medicine (AASM Manual). In the latest "THE AASM Manual for the Scoring of Sleep and Associated Events ver. 3.0" updated until 2023, there is still no specification for the bioelectrical signals of home multi-lead sleep monitoring, especially electroencephalogram signals. Currently, most (hospitals / institutions) still use the electroencephalogram (F3-M2, C3-M2, O1-M2, alternative: F4-M1, C4-M1-O2-M1), electrooculogram (E1-M2, E2-M2), and electromyogram (Chin1-ChinZ, Chin2-ChinZ) lead connection methods specified based on expert experience for (sleep laboratory / hospital) monitoring (see Figure 2a and Figure 2b ).

[0004] In clinical devices, electrodes for collecting electroencephalogram potentials at the hairy part of the head generally use disk electrodes for electroencephalogram. Such disk electrodes generally cooperate with conductive paste. The conductive paste penetrates through the hair to form an electrical connection between the scalp and the electrode. The operation of applying the conductive paste is cumbersome and it is also easy to fall off, which is not convenient for home use.

[0005] For the above reasons, in order to be convenient for use, currently available home sleep monitoring devices usually do not set electroencephalogram potential monitoring. However, since electroencephalogram monitoring is particularly crucial for sleep monitoring, the lack of electroencephalogram monitoring will greatly reduce the effectiveness of sleep monitoring. Therefore, a sleep monitoring device that can both achieve electroencephalogram monitoring and is suitable for home use is needed. Summary of the Utility Model

[0006] According to one aspect of the present utility model, a household multi-lead sleep monitoring device is provided, including: a main control device; and a plurality of electrodes for respectively collecting GND potential, electroencephalogram potential, electrooculogram potential, and electromyogram potential, the electrodes being electrically connected to the main control device, and at least one of the electrodes being a dry electrode in dry contact with the skin.

[0007] In the present utility model, at least one electrode is set as a dry electrode in dry contact with the skin. Compared with the wet electrodes used in combination with conductive paste in the prior art, the dry electrode is more convenient for household use and improves the operation convenience of the household multi-lead sleep monitoring device.

[0008] In some embodiments, all the electrodes are dry electrodes in dry contact with the skin.

[0009] In some embodiments, the dry electrode uses an electrocardiogram electrode.

[0010] In some embodiments, the household multi-lead sleep monitoring device further includes an electrode patch fixedly connected to the dry electrode, the electrode patch being used for fixing to the human body and conducting electrical signals between the human body and the dry electrode.

[0011] In some embodiments, the electrode for collecting electroencephalogram potential is the second electrode, and the second electrode is arranged to collect the potential of the forehead.

[0012] In some embodiments, the second electrode is arranged to collect the Fp2 electroencephalogram potential.

[0013] In some embodiments, the electrodes include:

[0014] A first electrode for collecting GND potential;

[0015] A second electrode for collecting Fp2 electroencephalogram potential;

[0016] A third electrode for collecting E1 electrooculogram potential;

[0017] A fourth electrode for collecting A1 electrooculogram potential;

[0018] A fifth electrode for collecting Chin2 electromyogram potential; and

[0019] A sixth electrode for collecting Chin1 electromyogram potential.

[0020] In some embodiments, an electroencephalogram lead is formed between the second electrode and the fourth electrode; an electrooculogram lead is formed between the third electrode and the fourth electrode; and an electromyogram lead is formed between the fifth electrode and the sixth electrode.

[0021] In some embodiments, the household multi-lead sleep monitoring device further includes a fixing device, and the fixing device is fixedly provided with electrodes at the GND potential, Fp2 electroencephalogram potential, E1 electrooculogram potential, A1 electrooculogram potential, Chin2 electromyogram potential, and Chin1 electromyogram potential respectively. Description of the Drawings

[0022] Figure 1a , Figure 1b and Figure 1c are the acquisition positions of electroencephalogram bioconductance leads defined by international standards in the prior art;

[0023] Figure 2a is the recommended way of electroencephalogram lead connection for multi-lead sleep monitoring bioconductance leads specified based on expert experience defined by international standards in the prior art;

[0024] Figure 2b is the acceptable way of electroencephalogram lead connection for multi-lead sleep monitoring bioconductance leads specified based on expert experience defined by international standards in the prior art;

[0025] Figure 3 is the test waveform diagram of the frontal potential Fp1 / Fp2 of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 4 is the second test waveform diagram of the frontal potential Fp1 / Fp2 of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 5 is the structural schematic diagram of the household multi-lead sleep monitoring device of the utility model;

[0028] Figure 6a is the electrode setting position diagram of the household multi-lead sleep monitoring device of the present invention, shown from the side;

[0029] Figure 6b is the electrode setting position diagram of the household multi-lead sleep monitoring device of the present invention, shown from the front. Detailed Embodiments

[0030] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Apparently, the described embodiments are some but not all of the embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0031] It should be noted that the terms "first", "second", etc. are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the quantity of the indicated technical features. Thus, features defined with "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of such features. In the description of the present utility model, the meaning of "a plurality of" is at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise specifically defined.

[0032] In the present utility model, unless otherwise clearly specified and defined, terms such as "installed", "connected", "fixed", etc. shall be understood in a broad sense. For example, it may be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or integrated; it may be a mechanical connection; it may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it may be the internal communication of two components or the interaction relationship between two components, unless otherwise clearly defined. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present utility model can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0033] In the present utility model, unless otherwise clearly specified and defined, the first feature being "on" or "under" the second feature may be that the first and second features are in direct contact, or the first and second features are in indirect contact through an intermediate medium. Moreover, the first feature being "above", "over" and "on top of" the second feature may be that the first feature is directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or merely indicates that the first feature has a higher horizontal height than the second feature. The first feature being "under", "beneath" and "underneath" the second feature may be that the first feature is directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or merely indicates that the first feature has a lower horizontal height than the second feature.

[0034] In the above description, the description referring to terms such as "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "example", "specific example", or "some examples", etc. means that the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in connection with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present utility model. In this specification, the schematic expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described can be combined in a suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. In addition, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and combine the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of different embodiments or examples.

[0035] The present utility model provides a household multi-lead sleep monitoring device, including a main control device and a plurality of electrodes. Among them, the electrodes are used to collect the potential signals of the human body, and the main control device includes a circuit board for processing the potential signals collected from the electrodes, and the electrodes are electrically connected to the main control device.

[0036] There are multiple electrodes, which are respectively used to collect GND potential, electroencephalogram (EEG) potential, electrooculogram (EOG) potential and electromyogram (EMG) potential. For the convenience of home use, at least one of the electrodes is a dry electrode that makes dry contact with the skin. Since the dry electrode does not require the application of conductive paste, it is convenient for home operation. In this embodiment, by setting all the electrodes as dry electrodes, the operation convenience is further increased. Specifically, the dry electrode can adopt an electrocardiogram (ECG) electrode, that is, an electrode generally used for electrocardiogram measurement, rather than the traditional wet electrode used for EEG. In this embodiment, it is preferably to adopt the design of, for example, a button electrode in the ECG electrode, that is, an electrode piece is connected to the electrode (dry electrode) through a matching button (or other fixing methods). The electrode piece is used to fix to the human body, and through the conductive medium on the electrode piece, an electrical signal is conducted between the human body and the electrode, replacing the conductive paste. The setting of the electrode piece avoids the situation of electrode detachment or poor signal caused by poor contact between the electrode and the skin, and at the same time avoids the inconvenience of using conductive paste, which is extremely convenient for home operation.

[0037] Multi-lead sleep monitoring usually involves the signal acquisition of EEG potential, EOG potential and EMG potential. Among them, it is clearly pointed out in the AASM guidelines that EEG is more significant for sleep staging than EOG and EMG. At the same time, the functions of EMG and EOG both exist to assist in judging the REM sleep period, and are particularly important for the determination of some awakenings or staging transitions during the REM period. In this study, the forehead potentials Fp1 / Fp2 were used for the experiment, and it can be found that the forehead potentials are most easily interfered by EOG (as Figure 3 shown, eye movements (E1 / E2) are more likely to cause a certain degree of interference to the forehead EEG (Fp1 / Fp2)), and at the same time, some characteristic waveforms can be observed (such as K complexes, spindles, sawteeth, etc., as Figure 4 shown, the spindle and K complex characteristic waveforms can still be seen in the forehead EEG (Fp1 / Fp2)), which is more accurate for the determination of some sleep stages.

[0038] Therefore, in this embodiment, the acquisition position of the EEG potential is improved. Compared with the traditional acquisition position of the EEG potential, in this embodiment, the acquisition position of the EEG potential is changed from the top of the head to the forehead for acquisition. In addition, in the part of the EEG potential where there are more hairs such as hair, there are prone to electrode detachment or poor signal caused by poor contact between the electrode and the skin, while the forehead potential does not have this problem. Since the forehead is not covered by hair, it is convenient for electrode fixation. In particular, it is not necessary to use a wet electrode in cooperation with conductive paste, which greatly increases the operation convenience and prevents the situation of electrode detachment or poor contact, and is particularly suitable for home use. In this embodiment, the Fp2 position is specifically adopted for the forehead position.

[0039] Specifically, refer to Figure 5 、 Figure 6a and Figure 6b, in this embodiment, the electrode positions and lead schemes are set as follows: There are six electrodes, namely the first electrode for collecting the GND potential; the second electrode for collecting the Fp2 electroencephalogram potential; the third electrode for collecting the E1 electrooculogram potential; the fourth electrode for collecting the A1 electrooculogram potential; the fifth electrode for collecting the Chin2 electromyogram potential; and the sixth electrode for collecting the Chin1 electromyogram potential. Among them, the positions of Fp2 and A1 are defined by the international 10-20 electroencephalogram lead standard (refer to Figure 1a , Figure 1b and Figure 1c ), E1, Chin2, and Chin1 are defined by the guidelines specified by the American Academy of Sleep Medicine (AASM Manual), and the GND position is an additional reference used as a basic lead to cooperate with the individual potential differences of each lead for further calculation of the target point potential difference, also known as the total ground wire. Among them, an electroencephalogram lead (EEG) is formed between the second electrode and the fourth electrode, that is, the electroencephalogram lead uses Fp2-A1; an electrooculogram lead (EOG) is formed between the third electrode and the fourth electrode, that is, the electrooculogram lead uses E1-A1; an electromyogram lead is formed between the fifth electrode and the sixth electrode, that is, the electromyogram lead uses Chin1-Chin2.

[0040] The "frontal 1-lead EEG + 1-lead EOG + 1-lead Chin" scheme of this embodiment only uses three-lead monitoring. Compared with the traditional "6-lead EEG + 2-lead EOG + 2-lead Chin" (using electroencephalogram F4-M1, C4-M1, O2-M1, electrooculogram E1-M2, E2-M2, electromyogram Chin1-ChinZ, Chin2-ChinZ) with ten-lead monitoring, it is extremely simplified, easy to operate, and does not use the collection positions located at the top of the head in the traditional way, which is very convenient for electrode fixation and suitable for home use.

[0041] The effectiveness of the above lead scheme was verified by the following tests.

[0042] Randomly select 35 adult patients who completed polysomnography electroencephalogram without abnormalities in Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine from 2018 to 2023. All patients used the Nicolet One multi-functional electroencephalogram monitor, connected the leads according to the AASM standard (6-lead EEG + 2-lead EOG + 2-lead Chin + ECG + respiratory effort + finger pulse oxygen), and were monitored by a duty doctor throughout the process. The patient conditions are shown in Table 1.

[0043] Table 1: General conditions of patients who completed polysomnography

[0044]

[0045] One randomly selected sample is saved in two groups according to the data of the "1-channel EEG on the forehead + 1-channel EOG + 1-channel Chin" scheme and the data of the traditional "6-channel EEG + 2-channel EOG + 2-channel Chin" scheme in this embodiment. Two sub-image physicians analyze and judge these two groups of data in a random order. After the complete judgment, the important indicators related to sleep structure (total sleep time, sleep efficiency, sleep latency, total time and latency of each sleep stage) of the two groups of data of the same sample are subjected to ICC consistency test (since the N1 sleep stage is the sleep onset state under normal recording conditions and its latency is constantly 0, the data test of the N1 sleep stage latency is not carried out). The test results are shown in Table 2:

[0046] Table 2: Scheme consistency data

[0047]

[0048] It can be seen from the data in Table 2 that the "1-channel EEG on the forehead + 1-channel EOG + 1-channel Chin" scheme in this embodiment and the traditional "6-channel EEG + 2-channel EOG + 2-channel Chin" scheme have good consistency in the important indicators related to sleep structure (total sleep time, sleep efficiency, sleep latency, total time and latency of each sleep stage), indicating that the "1-channel EEG on the forehead + 1-channel EOG + 1-channel Chin" scheme in this embodiment and the traditional "6-channel EEG + 2-channel EOG + 2-channel Chin" scheme have similar effects, and the scheme in this embodiment has high effectiveness for sleep monitoring.

[0049] In some embodiments, the household multi-channel sleep monitoring device can be further provided with a fixing device, and the above six electrodes are respectively fixed on the fixing device at corresponding positions. The fixing device can be in the form of a mask or the like to facilitate the user to wear. The mask can be set in multiple models according to the facial and head sizes of the user. Further, the main control device can be simplified and miniaturized and then built into the fixing device to realize the miniaturization and simplicity of the household multi-channel sleep monitoring device.

[0050] The above are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the creative concept of the present invention, several deformations and improvements can be made, or the above technical solutions can be freely combined, including freely combining the technical features between the above different embodiments, and these all belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A household multi-lead sleep monitoring device, characterized in that, Including: A main control device; And A plurality of electrodes for respectively collecting GND potential, electroencephalogram potential, electrooculogram potential and electromyogram potential. The electrodes are electrically connected to the main control device, and at least one of the electrodes is a dry electrode in dry contact with the skin.

2. The household multi-lead sleep monitoring device according to claim 1, wherein All of the electrodes are dry electrodes in dry contact with the skin.

3. The household multi-lead sleep monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that The dry electrode uses an electrocardiogram electrode.

4. The household multi-lead sleep monitoring device according to claim 1, wherein It further includes an electrode patch fixedly connected to the dry electrode. The electrode patch is used to fix to the human body and conduct electrical signals between the human body and the dry electrode.

5. The household multi-lead sleep monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that The electrode for collecting electroencephalogram potential is the second electrode, and the second electrode is arranged to collect the potential of the forehead.

6. The household multi-lead sleep monitoring device according to claim 5, wherein, The second electrode is arranged to collect the Fp2 electroencephalogram potential.

7. The household multi-lead sleep monitoring device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, The electrode includes: A first electrode for collecting GND potential; A second electrode for collecting Fp2 electroencephalogram potential; A third electrode for collecting E1 electrooculogram potential; A fourth electrode for collecting A1 electrooculogram potential; A fifth electrode for collecting Chin2 electromyogram potential; and A sixth electrode for collecting Chin1 electromyogram potential.

8. The household multi-lead sleep monitoring device according to claim 7, characterized in that, An electroencephalogram lead is formed between the second electrode and the fourth electrode; an electrooculogram lead is formed between the third electrode and the fourth electrode; a myoelectric lead is formed between the fifth electrode and the sixth electrode.

9. The household multi-lead sleep monitoring device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, It further includes a fixing device, and the fixing device fixedly arranges the electrodes at the positions of GND potential, Fp2 electroencephalogram potential, E1 electrooculogram potential, A1 electrooculogram potential, Chin2 electromyogram potential and Chin1 electromyogram potential respectively.

10. The household multi-lead sleep monitoring device according to claim 7, characterized in that, It further includes a fixing device, and the fixing device fixedly arranges the electrodes at the positions of GND potential, Fp2 electroencephalogram potential, E1 electrooculogram potential, A1 electrooculogram potential, Chin2 electromyogram potential and Chin1 electromyogram potential respectively.

Images