Atmospheric NO3 free radical preparation device
By designing an atmospheric NO3 radical preparation device, using a dark reaction chamber and temperature control device to control the temperature and flow control the gas ratio, the problem of difficulty in stable preparation of NO3 radicals is solved, and efficient and stable NO3 radical generation is achieved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202422338482.3
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-09-24
- Publication Date
- 2025-07-08
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-09-24
AI Technical Summary
NO3 radicals survive in natural environments for a short time and are difficult to prepare and preserve stably.
An atmospheric NO3 radical preparation device is designed, including NO2 standard gas storage device, synthetic air storage device, ozone generator device and mixing chamber, which is set in a dark reaction chamber, equipped with a temperature control device and a flow control device, and uses nitrogen dioxide and ozone reaction to simulate the atmospheric environment, control the temperature and gas ratio, and avoid photolysis.
It realizes the stable preparation of high-purity NO3 free radicals under laboratory conditions, accurately simulates the atmospheric reaction mechanism, avoids photolysis, and improves the reaction efficiency and product stability.
Smart Images
Figure CN223069530U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of free radical preparation, and particularly relates to an apparatus for preparing atmospheric NO3 free radicals. Background Art
[0002] During the night-time atmospheric chemical process, as a highly efficient oxidant, NO3 free radicals can promote the formation of secondary organic aerosols by oxidizing VOCs; and NO3 free radicals play an important role in the formation of nocturnal nitrates and chlorine free radical chemistry. The study of the chemical properties of NO3 free radicals is of great significance for predicting and controlling secondary pollution in the atmosphere. For example, by understanding the role of NO3 free radicals in night-time gas-phase reactions, regional air quality changes can be better predicted, providing a scientific basis for environmental policy-making.
[0003] However, the research on NO3 free radicals faces some technical challenges. Due to its high reactivity and easy photolysis characteristics, the survival time of NO3 free radicals in the natural environment is very short, making it extremely difficult to prepare and stably preserve them under laboratory conditions. Summary of the Utility Model
[0004] To overcome the defect that NO3 free radicals are difficult to stably prepare, the utility model provides an apparatus for preparing atmospheric NO3 free radicals.
[0005] To solve the above technical problems, the technical solution of the utility model is as follows:
[0006] An apparatus for preparing atmospheric NO3 free radicals, comprising a NO2 standard gas storage device, a synthetic air storage device, an ozone generation device, and a mixing chamber. Among them, the inlet of the mixing chamber is respectively connected to the outlet of the NO2 standard gas storage device and the outlet of the ozone generation device, and the inlet of the ozone generation device is connected to the outlet of the synthetic air storage device; the mixing chamber, the NO2 standard gas storage device, the ozone generation device, and the synthetic air storage device are all arranged inside a dark reaction chamber.
[0007] As a preferred solution, the inner wall of the mixing chamber is provided with an inert coating.
[0008] As a preferred solution, the mixing chamber is provided with a first temperature control device for controlling the temperature inside the mixing chamber.
[0009] As a preferred solution, the ozone generation device is provided with a second temperature control device for controlling the temperature inside the ozone generation device.
[0010] As a preferred solution, both the first temperature control device and the second temperature control device include a temperature sensor, a first controller, and a heating and cooling device; the output end of the temperature sensor is connected to the input end of the first controller, and the output end of the first controller is connected to the heating and cooling device.
[0011] As a preferred solution, a heat insulation layer is further provided on the outer wall of the mixing chamber.
[0012] As a preferred solution, a first mass flow control device is provided between the mixing chamber and the NO2 standard gas storage device.
[0013] As a preferred solution, a second mass flow control device is provided between the ozone generating device and the synthetic air storage device.
[0014] As a preferred solution, both the first mass flow control device and the second mass flow control device include a flow control valve, a mass flow meter, and a second controller; the output end of the mass flow meter is connected to the input end of the second controller, and the output end of the second controller is connected to the flow control valve.
[0015] As a preferred solution, a mercury lamp is provided inside the ozone generating device, and the mercury lamp is arranged towards the air inlet direction of the ozone generating device.
[0016] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the technical solution of the present utility model are as follows: by setting a mixing chamber, the present utility model can simulate the dynamic change process of these gases in the real atmosphere through the mutual reaction of nitrogen dioxide and ozone in the mixing chamber, and can more accurately restore the reaction mechanism in the atmosphere; secondly, placing all the required equipment for preparation in the dark reaction chamber avoids the decomposition of the prepared NO3 due to light factors; in addition, through the first temperature control device and the second temperature control device, the temperatures of the mixing chamber and the ozone generating device are controlled to keep the chemical reaction at the optimal temperature, and high-purity NO3 radicals can be stably produced. Description of the Drawings
[0017] Figure 1 It is a structural diagram of an atmospheric NO3 radical preparation device for Example 1.
[0018] Figure 2 It is a structural diagram of an atmospheric NO3 radical preparation device for Example 2.
[0019] Figure 3 It is a structural diagram of an atmospheric NO3 radical preparation device for Example 3.
[0020] Figure 4 It is a structural diagram of an atmospheric NO3 radical preparation device for Example 4.
[0021] Among them, there are a 1-NO2 standard gas storage device, a synthetic air storage device, an ozone generation device, a mixing chamber, a dark reaction chamber, a first temperature control device, a second temperature control device, a first mass flow control device, a second mass flow control device, and a mercury lamp. Specific embodiments
[0022] The accompanying drawings are only for illustrative purposes and should not be construed as limitations on this patent;
[0023] To better illustrate this embodiment, some components in the accompanying drawings are omitted, enlarged, or reduced, and do not represent the dimensions of the actual product;
[0024] For those skilled in the art, it is understandable that some well-known structures and their descriptions in the accompanying drawings may be omitted.
[0025] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
[0026] Embodiment 1
[0027] This embodiment provides an apparatus for preparing atmospheric NO3 radicals. As Figure 1 shown, it is a schematic structural diagram of the apparatus for preparing atmospheric NO3 radicals of the present utility model.
[0028] In the apparatus for preparing atmospheric NO3 radicals provided in this embodiment, it includes a NO2 standard gas storage device 1, a synthetic air storage device 2, an ozone generation device 3, and a mixing chamber 4. Among them, the inlet of the mixing chamber 4 is respectively connected to the outlet of the NO2 standard gas storage device 1 and the outlet of the ozone generation device 3, and the inlet of the ozone generation device 3 is connected to the outlet of the synthetic air storage device 2; the mixing chamber 4, the NO2 standard gas storage device 1, the ozone generation device 3, and the synthetic air storage device 2 are all arranged inside the dark reaction chamber 5.
[0029] In this embodiment, the synthetic air storage device 2 transports air to the ozone generation device 3, ozone is generated in the ozone generation device 3 and transmitted into the mixing chamber 4, and the ozone in the mixing chamber 4 reacts chemically with the NO2 gas transported by the NO2 standard gas storage device 1 to generate NO3 radicals. Since the entire set of devices is located inside the dark reaction chamber 5, light is blocked, effectively avoiding the decomposition of NO3 due to light factors.
[0030] Further optionally, the inner wall of the mixing chamber 4 is provided with an inert coating.
[0031] As an illustrative example, the inert coating is made of PFA material.
[0032] In this embodiment, the inert coating can reduce the corrosion of the inner wall of the device caused by NO3 free radicals, ensure the structural integrity of the device and the stability of long-term operation, and also ensure the purity and efficiency of the chemical reaction in the mixing chamber, reducing the loss of NO3 free radicals.
[0033] Example 2
[0034] This embodiment makes improvements on the basis of the atmospheric NO3 free radical preparation device proposed in Example 1.
[0035] In the atmospheric NO3 free radical preparation device proposed in this embodiment, it includes a NO2 standard gas storage device 1, a synthetic air storage device 2, an ozone generation device 3, and a mixing chamber 4. Among them, the inlet of the mixing chamber 4 is respectively connected to the outlet of the NO2 standard gas storage device 1 and the outlet of the ozone generation device 3, and the inlet of the ozone generation device 3 is connected to the outlet of the synthetic air storage device 2; the mixing chamber 4, the NO2 standard gas storage device 1, the ozone generation device 3, and the synthetic air storage device 2 are all arranged inside the dark reaction chamber 5.
[0036] In an optional embodiment, the mixing chamber 4 is provided with a first temperature control device 6 for controlling the temperature inside the mixing chamber.
[0037] Further optionally, the ozone generation device 3 is provided with a second temperature control device 7 for controlling the temperature inside the ozone generation device.
[0038] As an exemplary illustration, the first temperature control device is set above 30 degrees Celsius, and the temperature difference between the first temperature control device and the second temperature control device needs to be stable within ±0.1 degrees Celsius.
[0039] In this embodiment, by setting the first temperature control device 6 in the mixing chamber, the temperature inside the mixing chamber can be controlled, ensuring the stability of the chemical reaction between nitrogen dioxide and ozone, avoiding incomplete reactions or the generation of by-products caused by temperature fluctuations, and setting the second temperature control device 7 inside the ozone generation device 3 to ensure the stability when synthetic air decomposes into ozone. Too high or too low temperatures may both lead to insufficient or unstable ozone generation. Through the coordinated operation of the two temperature control devices, the temperature control of the entire device at different stages can be ensured, and the device operates under optimal conditions from ozone generation to the reaction between ozone and nitrogen dioxide, improving the efficiency of the chemical reaction and the stability of the product while reducing energy consumption and unnecessary product losses.
[0040] In an optional embodiment, both the first temperature control device 6 and the second temperature control device 7 include a temperature sensor, a first controller, and a heating and cooling device; the output end of the temperature sensor is connected to the input end of the first controller, and the output end of the first controller is connected to the heating and cooling device.
[0041] In this embodiment, the temperature inside the mixing chamber 4 and the ozone generating device 3 is monitored in real time by a temperature sensor, and the data is fed back to the first controller. The first controller makes a judgment based on its preset threshold and sends a working signal to the heating and cooling equipment to adjust the temperature inside the mixing chamber 4 and / or the ozone generating device 3. This embodiment can respond quickly to temperature changes, avoid the negative impact of temperature fluctuations on chemical reactions, make intelligent judgments based on the data transmitted back by the temperature sensor, and control the heating or cooling equipment to keep the temperature within the set ideal range. This feedback mechanism ensures the timeliness and accuracy of temperature regulation, thereby ensuring that the chemical reaction proceeds under optimal conditions.
[0042] As an illustrative example, the heating and cooling equipment is a jacketed heat exchanger.
[0043] As another illustrative example, the first controller employs a PID control system.
[0044] Further optionally, a heat insulation layer is also provided on the outer wall of the mixing chamber 4. The temperature inside the mixing chamber is further maintained by the heat insulation layer to ensure that the chemical reaction remains within the optimal temperature range.
[0045] Embodiment 3
[0046] This embodiment makes improvements based on the atmospheric NO3 radical preparation device proposed in Embodiment 1 or Embodiment 2.
[0047] In the atmospheric NO3 radical preparation device proposed in this embodiment, it includes a NO2 standard gas storage device 1, a synthetic air storage device 2, an ozone generating device 3, and a mixing chamber 4. Among them, the inlet of the mixing chamber 4 is respectively connected to the outlet of the NO2 standard gas storage device 1 and the outlet of the ozone generating device 3, and the inlet of the ozone generating device 3 is connected to the outlet of the synthetic air storage device 2; the mixing chamber 4, the NO2 standard gas storage device 1, the ozone generating device 3, and the synthetic air storage device 2 are all arranged inside the dark reaction chamber 5.
[0048] In an optional embodiment, a first mass flow control device 8 is provided between the mixing chamber 4 and the NO2 standard gas storage device 1.
[0049] Further optionally, a second mass flow control device 9 is provided between the ozone generating device 3 and the synthetic air storage device 2.
[0050] As an illustrative example, the first mass flow control device 8 and the second mass flow control device 9 are used to make the ratio of the residual nitrogen dioxide concentration to the ozone concentration at the outlet of the mixing chamber less than 1.
[0051] In this embodiment, the first mass flow control device 8 and the second mass flow control device 9 can achieve precise flow control of NO2 and ozone, ensuring that the two gases enter the mixing chamber for reaction in an appropriate proportion, thereby effectively optimizing the reaction conditions, optimizing the reaction rate of NO2 and ozone, and ensuring the efficiency and yield of NO3 radical generation. At the same time, the mass flow control device can reduce the situation of excessive or insufficient gas, avoid the generation of by-products or incomplete reaction due to gas concentration imbalance, thereby improving the selectivity of the reaction and the purity of the product.
[0052] In an alternative embodiment, both the first mass flow control device 8 and the second mass flow control device 9 include a flow control valve, a mass flow meter, and a second controller; the output end of the mass flow meter is connected to the input end of the second controller, and the output end of the second controller is connected to the flow control valve.
[0053] In this embodiment, both between the mixing chamber 4 and the NO2 standard gas storage device 1 and between the ozone generation device 3 and the synthetic air storage device 2 are connected by PFA material pipelines. The pipelines pass through the mass flow meter and the flow control valve. Through the mass flow meter, the actual flow rates of NO2 and ozone gases passing through the device can be monitored in real time, and the monitoring data is fed back to the second controller. The second controller adjusts the opening degree of the flow control valve according to the monitored flow data. Through the high-precision detection of the mass flow meter, it can be ensured that the gas flow rate entering the mixing chamber 4 conforms to the preset value, thereby avoiding the influence of excessive or insufficient gas supply on the reaction process; secondly, by controlling the flow control valve with the second controller, it is ensured that the gas supply in each stage meets the set reaction conditions, improving the controllability of the reaction, and the gas flow rate can also be flexibly adjusted according to different experimental conditions, enhancing the adaptability of the system.
[0054] Example 4
[0055] This embodiment makes improvements on the basis of the atmospheric NO3 radical preparation device proposed in Embodiments 1 to 3.
[0056] In the atmospheric NO3 radical preparation device proposed in this embodiment, it includes a NO2 standard gas storage device 1, a synthetic air storage device 2, an ozone generation device 3, and a mixing chamber 4. Among them, the inlet of the mixing chamber 4 is respectively connected to the outlet of the NO2 standard gas storage device 1 and the outlet of the ozone generation device 3, and the inlet of the ozone generation device 3 is connected to the outlet of the synthetic air storage device 2; the mixing chamber 4, the NO2 standard gas storage device 1, the ozone generation device 3, and the synthetic air storage device 2 are all arranged inside the dark reaction chamber 5.
[0057] In an alternative embodiment, a mercury lamp 10 is provided inside the ozone generation device 3, and the mercury lamp 10 is arranged in the direction of the inlet of the ozone generation device 3.
[0058] In this embodiment, a mercury lamp 10 is provided inside the ozone generating device 3, and an optical path guiding device is equipped. The ultraviolet wavelength emitted by the mercury lamp is exactly in the optimal range for decomposing oxygen molecules to generate ozone. The mercury lamp can generate high-energy ultraviolet light in a short time, enabling oxygen to be quickly decomposed and generating ozone with a relatively high concentration. Moreover, its ultraviolet output is relatively stable and simple. Only by flowing air through the area of the ultraviolet light beam emitted by the mercury lamp can ozone generation be achieved. This design does not require additional conditions such as complex chemical catalysts or high-voltage electric fields required by other ozone generation methods. Secondly, through the optical path guiding device, the light is only concentrated on the air inlet of the ozone generating device 3. Such a design can effectively improve the utilization rate of light energy, maintain the stability and consistency of the ozone generation process; and can prevent ultraviolet light from irradiating other non-reaction areas, avoiding unnecessary light energy scattering or waste.
[0059] The same or similar reference numerals correspond to the same or similar components;
[0060] The terms describing the positional relationship in the drawings are only for illustrative purposes and should not be construed as a limitation of this patent;
[0061] Obviously, the above embodiments of the present utility model are merely examples for clearly illustrating the present utility model, rather than limitations on the implementation manners of the present utility model. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other different forms of changes or modifications can be made based on the above description. It is not necessary and impossible to enumerate all the implementation manners here. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present utility model shall be included within the protection scope of the claims of the present utility model.
Claims
1. An apparatus for preparing atmospheric NO3 free radicals, characterized in that, It includes a NO₂ standard gas storage device (1), a synthetic air storage device (2), an ozone generation device (3) and a mixing chamber (4). Among them, the inlet of the mixing chamber (4) is respectively connected to the outlet of the NO₂ standard gas storage device (1) and the outlet of the ozone generation device (3), and the inlet of the ozone generation device (3) is connected to the outlet of the synthetic air storage device (2); the mixing chamber (4), the NO₂ standard gas storage device (1), the ozone generation device (3) and the synthetic air storage device (2) are all arranged inside the dark reaction chamber (5).
2. The apparatus for preparing atmospheric NO3 free radicals according to claim 1, wherein, The inner wall of the mixing chamber (4) is provided with an inert coating.
3. The apparatus for preparing atmospheric NO3 free radicals according to claim 1, wherein The mixing chamber (4) is provided with a first temperature control device (6) for controlling the temperature inside the mixing chamber.
4. The apparatus for preparing atmospheric NO3 free radicals according to claim 3, wherein The ozone generation device (3) is provided with a second temperature control device (7) for controlling the temperature inside the ozone generation device.
5. The apparatus for preparing atmospheric NO3 free radicals according to claim 4, wherein Both the first temperature control device (6) and the second temperature control device (7) include a temperature sensor, a first controller and a heating and cooling device; the output end of the temperature sensor is connected to the input end of the first controller, and the output end of the first controller is connected to the heating and cooling device.
6. The apparatus for preparing atmospheric NO3 free radicals according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, The outer wall of the mixing chamber (4) is also provided with a heat insulation layer.
7. The apparatus for preparing atmospheric NO3 free radicals according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that A first mass flow control device (8) is provided between the mixing chamber (4) and the NO₂ standard gas storage device (1).
8. The apparatus for preparing atmospheric NO3 free radicals according to claim 7, wherein A second mass flow control device (9) is provided between the ozone generation device (3) and the synthetic air storage device (2).
9. The apparatus for preparing atmospheric NO3 free radicals according to claim 8, wherein Both the first mass flow control device (8) and the second mass flow control device (9) include a flow control valve, a mass flow meter and a second controller; the output end of the mass flow meter is connected to the input end of the second controller, and the output end of the second controller is connected to the flow control valve.
10. The apparatus for preparing atmospheric NO3 free radicals according to claim 1, wherein A mercury lamp (10) is arranged inside the ozone generation device (3), and the mercury lamp (10) is arranged towards the inlet direction of the ozone generation device (3).