Prefabricated directional isolation buffer gun

Abstract

The utility model discloses a prefabricated directional isolation buffer cannon which is of a cylindrical structure and is composed of a directional isolation buffer cannon barrel, a cartridge and a shell, the directional isolation buffer cannon barrel comprises a semicircular outer barrel and a semicircular inner barrel which are coaxially arranged, and energy dissipation materials are filled between the semicircular outer barrel and the semicircular inner barrel. The explosive cartridge is placed on the inner side of the semicircular inner cylinder, the two ends of the explosive cartridge are fixed through the hoop, and the shell is in a semi-cylindrical shape and wraps the explosive cartridge and the hoop. The utility model has the advantages that: the energy dissipation material absorbs explosive waves and prevents the explosive waves from spreading into the rock mass, and the explosive waves on the other side directly spread into the rock mass to cause the fracture of the rock mass, so that the directional spreading and directional isolation of the explosive waves can be realized, the rock mass needing to be blasted is broken, and the rock mass which does not need to be blasted is kept complete; the explosive loading time can be saved by prefabricating the directional isolation buffer cannon, and different specifications can be customized according to needs; the directional isolation buffering gun barrel can be repeatedly used, and cost is saved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of tunnel excavation by drill and blast method, in particular to a prefabricated directional isolation buffer charge. Background Technique

[0002] Blasting technology is an engineering technology that uses the energy of explosive explosion to destroy the original structure of a certain object and realizes different engineering purposes by arranging explosive charges and initiation methods. Since blasting technology can save a large amount of manpower and material resources, it has been widely used in tunnel excavation at present. However, there are the following problems: (1) The irregularity of the damage to the surrounding rock by traditional blasting often causes accidents such as over-excavation, under-excavation, and even collapse during the tunnel excavation process. The problem of tunnel over-excavation is serious, usually reaching more than 30 cm, making the subsequent support difficult, and the thickness of the secondary lining needs to be increased, resulting in an increase in the construction period and material costs; (2) The amount of explosive and the design parameters of drill and blast in tunnel excavation by drill and blast method are unreasonable, and the smooth blasting effect cannot be achieved; (3) When excavating a tunnel, it is necessary to maintain the good stability of the surrounding rock, while the traditional blasting technology is difficult to control the blasting intensity, and the degree of damage and disturbance to the rock mass is large, which is not conducive to the subsequent stable support of the tunnel; (4) The over-excavation and under-excavation of the tunnel are related to the layout of the peripheral holes on the heading face and the propagation of the explosion wave. The traditional method of placing cartridges cannot achieve directional blasting of the rock mass on the heading face, which will also lead to over-excavation of the tunnel and failure to achieve the smooth blasting effect. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of the utility model is to provide a prefabricated directional isolation buffer charge according to the deficiencies of the above-mentioned prior art. The prefabricated directional isolation buffer charge is of a cylindrical structure, one side of which is a hollow semi-cylinder filled with energy-absorbing material, and the other side is provided with hoop rings arranged front and back and a semi-cylindrical shell. The hoop rings are used to fix the cartridges, and the cartridges are loaded into the hoop rings. The prefabricated directional isolation buffer charge is placed in the peripheral holes of the rock mass on the heading face and detonated. The explosion wave propagates circumferentially. The energy-absorbing material absorbs the explosion wave and prevents it from propagating into the rock mass. The explosion wave on the other side directly propagates into the rock mass, causing the rock mass to rupture, realizing the directional propagation and directional isolation of the explosion wave, making the rock mass to be blasted broken and the rock mass that does not need to be blasted remain intact, not only reducing the disturbance to the surrounding rock, but also solving the problem of tunnel over-excavation and under-excavation.

[0004] The purpose of the utility model is achieved by the following technical solutions:

[0005] A prefabricated directional isolation buffer charge, the prefabricated directional isolation buffer charge is of a cylindrical structure and is composed of a directional isolation buffer barrel, a cartridge and a shell. The directional isolation buffer barrel includes a semi-circular outer barrel and a semi-circular inner barrel arranged coaxially. Energy-absorbing material is filled between the semi-circular outer barrel and the semi-circular inner barrel. The cartridge is placed inside the semi-circular inner barrel, and both ends of the cartridge are fixed by hoop rings. The shell is semi-cylindrical and wraps the cartridge and the hoop rings.

[0006] The radial sides of the semi-circular outer cylinder and the semi-circular inner cylinder are connected by a radial end plate, and the axial sides of the semi-circular outer cylinder and the semi-circular inner cylinder are connected by an axial end plate. A space for filling the energy dissipation material is formed among the semi-circular outer cylinder, the semi-circular inner cylinder, the radial end plate and the axial end plate.

[0007] The prefabricated directional isolation buffer charge is placed in the peripheral blast holes of the tunnel face rock mass, and the shape and size of the prefabricated directional isolation buffer charge respectively correspond to those of the peripheral blast holes.

[0008] A cartridge placement cylinder is formed between the semi-circular inner cylinder and the hoop, and the size and shape of the cartridge placement holes of the cartridge placement cylinder respectively correspond to those of the cartridges.

[0009] The advantages of the present utility model are as follows:

[0010] (1) The energy dissipation material absorbs the blast wave and prevents it from propagating into the rock mass. On the other side, the blast wave directly propagates into the rock mass, causing the rock mass to rupture. It can achieve the directional propagation and directional isolation of the blast wave, break the rock mass that needs to be blasted, and keep the rock mass that does not need to be blasted intact;

[0011] (2) The prefabricated directional isolation buffer charge can save the explosive charging time and can be customized in different specifications according to needs;

[0012] (3) The directional isolation buffer cartridge can be reused, saving costs. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0013] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the directional isolation buffer cartridge of the present utility model;

[0014] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the prefabricated directional isolation buffer charge of the present utility model;

[0015] Figure 3 is Figure 1 The sectional view taken along line A-A in

[0016] Figure 4 is Figure 1 The sectional view taken along line B-B in

[0017] Figure 5 is Figure 2 The sectional view taken along line C-C in

[0018] Figure 6 is Figure 2 The sectional view taken along line D-D in

[0019] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the principle of isolating the blast wave by the directional isolation buffer cartridge of the present utility model;

[0020] As Figures 1 to 7 shown, the markings in the figure are respectively represented as:

[0021] 1. Prefabricated directional isolation buffer gun, 2. Face rock mass, 3. Explosion wave, 4. Crack;

[0022] 11. Directional isolation buffer gun barrel, 12. Cartridge, 13. Shell;

[0023] 111. Semi-circular outer barrel, 112. Semi-circular inner barrel, 113. Axial end plate, 114. Radial end plate, 115. Hoop, 116. Energy dissipation material, 117. Cartridge placement cylinder, 118. Cartridge placement hole. Specific implementation mode

[0024] The features of the present utility model and other related features are further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings through embodiments for the understanding of those skilled in the same industry:

[0025] Embodiment: As Figures 1 to 7 shown, this embodiment relates to a prefabricated directional isolation buffer gun. The prefabricated directional isolation buffer gun 1 has a cylindrical structure. The prefabricated directional isolation buffer gun 1 is mainly composed of a directional isolation buffer gun barrel 11, a cartridge 12, and a shell 13. The directional isolation buffer gun barrel 11 and the shell 13 are both semi-cylindrical. The cartridge 12 is fixed on the directional isolation buffer gun barrel 11, and the shell 13 is installed on the directional isolation buffer gun barrel 11 and wraps the cartridge 12. The directional isolation buffer gun barrel 11 includes a semi-circular outer barrel 111, a semi-circular inner barrel 112, an axial end plate 113, a radial end plate 114, a hoop 115, and an energy dissipation material 116. The semi-circular outer barrel 111 and the semi-circular inner barrel 112 are coaxially arranged. The inner diameter of the semi-circular outer barrel 111 is larger than the inner diameter of the semi-circular inner barrel 112. The radial sides of the semi-circular outer barrel 111 and the semi-circular inner barrel 112 are connected by a radial end plate 114, and the axial sides of the semi-circular outer barrel 111 and the semi-circular inner barrel 112 are connected by an axial end plate 113. A closed space is formed between the semi-circular outer barrel 111, the semi-circular inner barrel 112, the radial end plate 114, and the axial end plate 113 for filling the energy dissipation material 116. In this embodiment, the energy dissipation material 116 can be made of rubber, granular material, liquid material, or porous material.

[0026] As Figures 1 to 6As shown in the figure, the inner side of the semi-circular inner cylinder 112 is used to place the cartridge 12, and hoop 115 is provided at both ends of the semi-circular inner cylinder 112. The hoop 115 can fix the cartridge 12. In this embodiment, a cartridge placement cylinder 117 is formed between the semi-circular inner cylinder 112 and the hoop 115. The size and shape of the cartridge placement hole 118 of the cartridge placement cylinder 117 respectively correspond to the size and shape of the cartridge 12 to ensure the reliability of the installation of the cartridge 12. The housing 13 wraps the cartridge 12 and the hoop 115 to form a prefabricated directional isolation buffer charge 1. Specifically, the housing 13 is a mortar housing or a plugging mud housing.

[0027] As Figure 7 shown in the figure, the prefabricated directional isolation buffer charge 1 is arranged in the peripheral blast holes of the face rock mass 2. The shape and size of the prefabricated directional isolation buffer charge 1 respectively correspond to the shape and size of the peripheral blast holes. The prefabricated directional isolation buffer charge 1 is placed in the peripheral blast holes of the face rock mass 2 and detonated. The blast wave 3 propagates circumferentially. The energy dissipation material 116 absorbs the blast wave 3 to prevent it from propagating into the rock mass. The blast wave 3 on the other side directly propagates into the rock mass, causing the rock mass to rupture (cracks 4 are generated), realizing the directional propagation and directional isolation of the blast wave 3, breaking the rock mass that needs to be blasted and keeping the rock mass that does not need to be blasted intact.

[0028] The beneficial technical effects of this embodiment are:

[0029] (1) The energy dissipation material absorbs the blast wave to prevent it from propagating into the rock mass. The blast wave on the other side directly propagates into the rock mass, causing the rock mass to rupture, which can realize the directional propagation and directional isolation of the blast wave, break the rock mass that needs to be blasted, and keep the rock mass that does not need to be blasted intact, not only reducing the disturbance to the surrounding rock, but also solving the problem of overbreak and underbreak in the tunnel;

[0030] (2) The prefabricated directional isolation buffer charge can save the cartridge loading time and can be customized in different specifications according to needs;

[0031] (3) The directional isolation buffer charge cylinder can be reused, saving costs.

[0032] Although the above embodiments have described in detail the concept and embodiments of the purpose of the present invention with reference to the drawings, those of ordinary skill in the art can recognize that various improvements and transformations can still be made to the present invention without departing from the scope defined by the claims, so they will not be elaborated one by one here.

Claims

1. A prefabricated directional isolation buffer gun, characterized in that: The prefabricated directional isolation buffer charge is of cylindrical structure and consists of a directional isolation buffer barrel, explosive cartridges and a housing. The directional isolation buffer barrel includes a semi-circular outer barrel and a semi-circular inner barrel arranged coaxially. An energy dissipation material is filled between the semi-circular outer barrel and the semi-circular inner barrel. The explosive cartridges are placed inside the semi-circular inner barrel, and both ends of the explosive cartridges are fixed by hoops. The housing is semi-cylindrical and wraps the explosive cartridges and the hoops.

2. The prefabricated directional isolation buffer gun according to claim 1, characterized in that: The semi-circular outer barrel and the semi-circular inner barrel are connected by a radial end plate on the radial side, and are connected by an axial end plate on the axial side. A space for filling the energy dissipation material is formed among the semi-circular outer barrel, the semi-circular inner barrel, the radial end plate and the axial end plate.

3. The prefabricated directional isolation buffer gun according to claim 1, characterized in that: The prefabricated directional isolation buffer charge is placed in the peripheral blast holes of the tunnel face rock mass, and the shape and size of the prefabricated directional isolation buffer charge respectively correspond to those of the peripheral blast holes.

4. A prefabricated directional isolation buffer gun according to claim 1, characterized in that: A cartridge placement cylinder is formed between the semi-circular inner barrel and the hoop, and the size and shape of the cartridge placement hole of the cartridge placement cylinder respectively correspond to those of the explosive cartridges.

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