Auxiliary device for tension test of main cable of suspension bridge

Abstract

The utility model provides a suspension bridge main cable tension test auxiliary device which comprises a base, two fixing assemblies symmetrically arranged on the upper surface of the base, a test seat arranged on the rear side of the base, a tension test mechanism installed on the upper surface of the test seat and a main cable body with the two ends connected with the two fixing assemblies respectively. The suspension bridge main cable tension test auxiliary device comprises a base and two protection assemblies which are symmetrically arranged on the base and arranged outside a main cable body in a sleeving mode, and the middle of the main cable body abuts against a tension test mechanism. And two protection assemblies are arranged, so that the main cable main body can be prevented from being thrown out to injure workers when the tension test mechanism carries out the tension test on the main cable main body and is broken.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of tensile testing, and particularly relates to an auxiliary device for tensile testing of the main cable of a suspension bridge. Background Art

[0002] A suspension bridge, also known as a suspension bridge, refers to a bridge that uses cables (or steel chains) suspended and anchored at both banks (or both ends of the bridge) through pylons as the main load-bearing components of the superstructure. The geometric shape of its cables is determined by the force balance condition and is generally close to a parabola. Many suspenders hang down from the cables to suspend the bridge deck. A stiffening girder is often arranged between the bridge deck and the suspenders to form a combined system with the cables to reduce the deflection deformation caused by the load. Its main load-bearing component is the suspension cable, which mainly bears tensile force and is generally made of high-tensile-strength steel (steel wires, steel strands, steel cables, etc.). Before the main cable of a suspension bridge is used, it is necessary to monitor its tensile force to ensure that the performance of the main cable meets the standards and ensure its safety during use.

[0003] A main cable tensile force monitoring device for a self-anchored suspension bridge with the publication number of CN220104348U includes a base and a main cable. The upper end of the base is fixedly connected with a mounting plate. A chute is arranged on the front surface of the mounting plate. A lifting block is slidably connected to the inner wall of the chute. A first driving mechanism is arranged in the lifting block. The front surface of the lifting block is fixedly connected with a tensile tester. A part of the tensile tester penetrates through the chute. The lower end of the tensile tester is fixedly connected with a supporting wheel. The middle part of the main cable is located on the supporting wheel. Two symmetrically arranged clamping blocks are arranged on the front surface of the base. The two ends of the main cable are respectively located between the two clamping blocks and the base. A second driving mechanism is arranged between the clamping block and the base.

[0004] Through the setting of mechanisms such as hydraulic cylinders, lifting blocks and servo motors, the utility model automatically monitors the tensile force of the main cable, thereby ensuring the quality of the main cable, and is simple to operate and convenient to use, and is worthy of popularization.

[0005] However, the above-mentioned tensile force monitoring device has some defects or deficiencies:

[0006] When the above-mentioned tensile force monitoring device is in use, the clamping block moves downwards close to the base to clamp the main cable. Since the area of the clamping block acting on the surface of the material sample is small, during the test process, the clamping part of the clamping block acting on the surface of the material sample will be subjected to large stress concentration, so that when the main cable is pulled with strong tensile force during the tensile test, the fixed position of the main cable is likely to break; and when the main cable is subjected to tensile test, the main cable may directly break under the action of strong tensile force, and the broken main cable will quickly swing away, posing a threat to the staff in the detection working space. Content of the Utility Model

[0007] The purpose of the present utility model is to provide an auxiliary device for testing the tension of the main cable of a suspension bridge to solve the above problems.

[0008] To achieve the above object, an embodiment of the present utility model provides an auxiliary device for testing the tension of the main cable of a suspension bridge, including: a base, two fixing components symmetrically arranged on the upper surface of the base, a test seat arranged at the rear side of the base, a tension testing mechanism installed on the upper surface of the test seat, a main cable body with two ends respectively connected to the two fixing components, and two protective components symmetrically arranged on the base and sleeved outside the main cable body;

[0009] The middle part of the main cable body abuts against the tension testing mechanism, wherein

[0010] The tension testing mechanism is adapted to complete the tension test of the main cable body;

[0011] The two fixing components are adapted to stably and uniformly fix the two ends of the main cable body;

[0012] The two protective components are adapted to cover the outside of the main cable body and thus limit it.

[0013] Further, the protective component includes an upper protective sleeve sleeved outside the main cable body, a lower protective sleeve hinged to the bottom of the upper protective sleeve on one side, positioning seats symmetrically fixed on the upper protective sleeve, positioning blocks respectively rotatably connected to the bottoms of the two positioning seats, and a fixed airbag component fixed inside the upper protective sleeve;

[0014] The tops of the two positioning blocks abut against the lower protective sleeve.

[0015] Further, the fixing component includes a rotating shaft rotatably connected to the base through a bearing, a fixing seat installed on the top of the rotating shaft, a fixing groove opened in the fixing seat, a material placing groove opened on the fixing seat and communicating with the fixing groove, a plurality of fixing blocks annularly arranged in the fixing groove, a magnetic attraction ring fixed on the inner wall of the fixing groove, a plurality of magnetic attraction blocks magnetically connected to the magnetic attraction ring and respectively fixed on the plurality of fixing blocks, and an extrusion component arranged in the fixing groove;

[0016] The plurality of fixing blocks are annularly arranged and sleeved outside the fixed main cable body.

[0017] Further, the protective component further includes a first bracket fixed to the upper surface of the base by bolts, a second bracket fixed to the base and the test seat by bolts, two arc-shaped sliding rails fixed to the first bracket and the second bracket, two sliding blocks respectively sliding on the two arc-shaped sliding rails, and a connecting member with one end connected to one of the sliding blocks and the other end connected to one of the fixing components;

[0018] The outer wall of the upper protective sleeve is fixedly connected to the bottoms of the two sliding blocks.

[0019] Further, the extrusion component includes a plurality of hydraulic cylinders fixed in the fixing seat in an annular array, a resistance seat fixed to the telescopic ends of the plurality of hydraulic cylinders and arranged in the fixing groove, a trumpet-shaped extrusion groove opened in the resistance seat, T-shaped guide blocks respectively fixed on the outer walls of the plurality of fixing blocks, and a plurality of T-shaped slide grooves opened in an annular array on the outer wall of the resistance seat;

[0020] The plurality of T-shaped guide blocks are respectively fitted and slidably inserted into the plurality of T-shaped slide grooves;

[0021] The outer walls of the plurality of fixing blocks are in contact with the extrusion groove.

[0022] Furthermore, the fixing assembly also includes a plurality of tooth patterns respectively arranged on the inner walls of the plurality of fixing blocks.

[0023] Compared with the prior art, the embodiments of the present invention have the following beneficial effects:

[0024] 1. The main cable tension test auxiliary device of the suspension bridge can effectively fix the two ends of the main cable body to be tested through the two fixed components, and the several fixed blocks in the fixed components can ensure the force-bearing area of ​​the clamping surface of the main cable body when clamping the main cable body, so that the force is evenly applied to the fixed part of the main cable body, avoiding the stress concentration phenomenon on the surface of the fixed part of the main cable body, and the fixed seat in the fixed component can be rotated to prevent the fixed part of the main cable body from bending, thereby avoiding the main cable body from being easily broken when receiving strong tension during the tension test, thereby improving the quality of the main cable body tension detection;

[0025] 2. The main cable tension test auxiliary device of the suspension bridge can effectively wrap and protect the two ends of the main cable body through the two protective components. When the tension test is carried out on the main cable body, the broken main cable will limit the position of the protective component, thereby preventing the broken main cable from swinging and injuring the staff. At the same time, the protective component can be displaced synchronously with the rotation of the fixed component, so that the protective component can always maintain protection for the main cable body, and the protective component will not contact the main cable body, thereby effectively protecting the main cable body without affecting the tension detection quality of the main cable body. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] The utility model is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0027] Figure 1 Shows a stereogram of the utility model;

[0028] Figure 2 Shows a partial three-dimensional view of the present utility model Figure 1 ;

[0029] Figure 3 Shows a partial three-dimensional view of the present utility model Figure 2 ;

[0030] Figure 4 Shows a partial three-dimensional view of the present utility model Figure 3 ;

[0031] Figure 5 Shows a partial cutaway three-dimensional view of the present utility model;

[0032] Figure 6 Shows a partial cutaway view of the present utility model.

[0033] In the figure

[0034] 1. Base; 2. Fixing component; 3. Tensile testing mechanism; 4. Testing seat; 5. Main cable body; 6. Protection component; 7. Upper protective sleeve; 8. Lower protective sleeve; 9. Positioning seat; 10. Positioning block; 11. Fixed airbag component; 12. Rotating shaft; 13. Fixed seat; 14. Fixed groove; 15. Material placing groove; 16. Fixed block; 17. Magnetic attraction ring; 18. Magnetic attraction block; 19. First bracket; 20. Second bracket; 21. Arc-shaped slide rail; 22. Slide block; 23. Connecting piece; 24. Hydraulic cylinder; 25. Contact seat; 26. Extrusion groove; 27. T-shaped guide block; 28. T-shaped chute; 29. Tooth pattern. Detailed implementation manners

[0035] Now, the present utility model will be further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. These drawings are all simplified schematic diagrams, only illustrating the basic structure of the present utility model in a schematic manner, so they only show the components related to the present utility model.

[0036] Please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 1 which shows a three-dimensional view of the present utility model; Please refer to Figure 2 , Figure 2 which shows a partial three-dimensional view of the present utility model Figure 1 ; Please refer to Figure 3 , Figure 3 which shows a partial three-dimensional view of the present utility model Figure 2 ; Please refer to Figure 4 , Figure 4 which shows a partial three-dimensional view of the present utility model Figure 3 ; Please refer to Figure 5 , Figure 5 which shows a partial cutaway three-dimensional view of the present utility model; Please refer to Figure 6 , Figure 6 which shows a partial cutaway view of the present utility model; As Figures 1-6As shown in the figure, an auxiliary device for testing the tensile force of the main cable of a suspension bridge includes: a base 1, two fixing components 2 symmetrically arranged on the upper surface of the base 1, a test seat 4 arranged at the rear side of the base 1, a tensile force testing mechanism 3 installed on the upper surface of the test seat 4, a main cable body 5 with both ends respectively connected to the two fixing components 2, and two protective components 6 symmetrically arranged on the base 1 and sleeved outside the main cable body 5;

[0037] The middle part of the main cable body 5 abuts against the tensile force testing mechanism 3, where

[0038] The tensile force testing mechanism 3 is suitable for completing the tensile force test of the main cable body 5. The tensile force testing mechanism 3 is a common existing structure, which is composed of a loading system, a force sensor, a displacement sensor, a control system and a display system. When in use, the loading system applies a certain force to the main cable body 5, and at the same time, the set force sensor measures the force applied by the loading system on the main cable body 5. The displacement sensor is set to detect the deformation amount of the main cable body 5, and the control system records the data detected by the force sensor and the displacement sensor in real time, and controls and processes the data in an electronic or computer manner. Finally, the test process and test results are displayed through the display system;

[0039] The two fixing components 2 are suitable for stably and uniformly fixing both ends of the main cable body 5;

[0040] The two protective components 6 are suitable for covering the outside of the main cable body 5, and then limiting it. When the device is in use, the two fixing components 2 respectively stably clamp both ends of the main cable body 5. At the same time, when the fixing components 2 clamp the main cable body 5, the clamping area of the main cable body 5 can be ensured. Since the clamping force for clamping the main cable body 5 acts on the circumferential area of the surface of the main cable body 5, the stress concentration phenomenon on the surface of the material sample can be avoided. At the same time, the fixing components 2 can rotate synchronously when the main cable body 5 is pulled and tested by the tensile force testing mechanism 3, avoiding the bending of the fixing position of the main cable body 5, ensuring the uniform stress at the fixing place of the main cable body 5, and thus reducing the probability of fracture at the fixing place of the main cable body 5; Before the main cable body 5 is pulled by the tensile force testing mechanism 3 for tensile force testing, the main cable body 5 can be placed in the two protective components 6. The two protective components 6 provided can protect both ends of the main cable body 5. When the main cable body 5 breaks during the tensile force testing, the protective components 6 provided can prevent the main cable body 5 from swinging in the test area and avoid causing harm to the staff. At the same time, the protective components 6 provided can move synchronously with the rotation of the fixing components 2, and can always maintain the state of being sleeved outside the main cable body 5 and will not touch the main cable body 5. Therefore, while effectively protecting the main cable body 5, it will not affect the tensile force test quality of the main cable body 5.

[0041] Optionally, the protective assembly 6 includes an upper protective sleeve 7 sleeved on the outside of the main cable body 5, a lower protective sleeve 8 hinged to the bottom of the upper protective sleeve 7 on one side, a positioning seat 9 symmetrically fixed on the upper protective sleeve 7, a positioning block 10 rotatably connected to the bottom of the two positioning seats 9, and a fixed airbag component 11 fixed in the upper protective sleeve 7. The fixed airbag component 11 is a mature prior art structure and can be composed of a fixed airbag and a gas generator. The gas generator is electrically connected to the tension test mechanism 3 and the external controller. When the tension test mechanism 3 detects that the main cable body 5 is broken, the signal is transmitted to the external controller. The controller sends an ignition signal to the gas generator. After receiving the ignition signal, the gas generator quickly ignites the well to generate a large amount of gas to inflate the fixed airbag. The rapid expansion of the fixed airbag can confine the main cable body 5 in the upper protective sleeve 7 and the lower protective sleeve 8.

[0042] The tops of the two positioning blocks 10 are both against the lower protective sleeve 8. When the main cable body 5 is subjected to a tensile test, the positioning block 10 can be rotated first to disengage the positioning block 10 from the lower protective sleeve 8. At this time, the lower protective sleeve 8 is rotated around the hinge with the upper protective sleeve 7, so that the main cable body 5 is conveniently placed between the upper protective sleeve 7 and the lower protective sleeve 8, and the lower protective sleeve 8 is reset by rotating the two positioning blocks 10 at the same time. After the positioning of the lower protective sleeve 8 is completed, the upper protective sleeve 7 and the lower protective sleeve 8 can protect the main cable body 5. The two protective components 6 provided can be used to protect both ends of the main cable body 5. For protection, when the main cable body 5 breaks and rebounds under the action of strong pulling force, the main cable body 5 can be limited to prevent the main cable body 5 from causing harm to the staff. At the same time, when the main cable body 5 breaks, the fixed airbag component 11 can quickly stabilize the position of the main cable body 5 in the upper protective sleeve 7 and the lower protective sleeve 8 to prevent the main cable body 5 from being separated from the upper protective sleeve 7 and the lower protective sleeve 8, thereby improving the protection effect of the tension test of the main cable body 5; and the main cable body 5 is quickly and conveniently placed in and separated from the upper protective sleeve 7 and the lower protective sleeve 8, thereby ensuring the assembly efficiency of the protection component 6 and facilitating the protection of the upper protective sleeve 7 and the lower protective sleeve 8 to the main cable body 5.

[0043] Optionally, the fixing assembly 2 includes a rotating shaft 12 rotatably connected to the base 1 through a bearing, a fixing seat 13 installed on the top of the rotating shaft 12, a fixing groove 14 provided in the fixing seat 13, a material placement groove 15 provided on the fixing seat 13 and connected to the fixing groove 14, a plurality of fixing blocks 16 arranged in an annular array in the fixing groove 14, a magnetic attraction ring 17 fixed on the inner wall of the fixing groove 14, a plurality of magnetic attraction blocks 18 magnetically connected to the magnetic attraction ring 17 and respectively fixed on the plurality of fixing blocks 16, and an extrusion component provided in the fixing groove 14;

[0044] A number of the fixing blocks 16 are sleeved outside the fixing main cable body 5 in an annular array. When the tensile test of the main cable body 5 needs to be carried out, one end of the main cable body 5 is inserted into the material placing groove 15 and then into the fixing groove 14, so that a number of fixing blocks 16 are sleeved outside the main cable body 5. At this time, under the control of the pressing component, a number of fixing blocks 16 can be pushed to move and approach each other simultaneously, so as to stably clamp the main cable body 5 in a wrapping shape, generating a uniform clamping force, thereby avoiding stress concentration on the surface of the main cable body 5 due to too small clamping area and being prone to fracture. And the magnetic attraction ring 17 and a number of magnetic attraction blocks 18 are arranged, so that a number of fixing blocks 16 are magnetically adsorbed on the fixing seat 13, enabling a number of fixing blocks 16 to approach each other under the drive of the pressing component while not detaching from the fixing groove 14, thereby ensuring the effective clamping of the main cable body 5. At the same time, when the tensile test mechanism 3 pulls the middle part of the main cable body 5 for tensile test, the fixing seat 13 can rotate synchronously while the main cable body 5 is being pulled, avoiding an included angle between the fixed position and the pulled position of the main cable body 5, and further avoiding uneven stress on the main cable body 5 and being prone to cracking due to the included angle when the main cable body 5 is subjected to tensile test.

[0045] Optionally, the protection component 6 further includes a first bracket 19 fixed on the upper surface of the base 1 by bolts, a second bracket 20 fixed on the base 1 and the test seat 4 by bolts, two arc-shaped slide rails 21 fixed on the first bracket 19 and the second bracket 20, two sliders 22 respectively sliding on the two arc-shaped slide rails 21, and a connecting piece 23 with one end connected to one of the sliders 22 and the other end connected to one of the fixing components 2;

[0046] The outer wall of the upper protective sleeve 7 is fixedly connected to the bottoms of the two sliders 22. By arranging the connecting piece 23, one of the sliders 22 can slide synchronously on one of the arc-shaped slide rails 21 as the fixing seat 13 rotates. Furthermore, with the cooperation of the other slider 22 and the arc-shaped slide rail 21, the upper protective sleeve 7 and the lower protective cover can move synchronously with the fixing seat 13, so as to ensure that the upper protective sleeve 7 and the lower protective cover can always be in a state of being sleeved outside the main cable body 5 and not contacting the main cable body 5. Thus, while maintaining the protection state of the main cable body 5, the quality of the tensile test of the main cable body 5 is not affected. And the first bracket 19 and the second bracket 20 are arranged to facilitate the installation of the two arc-shaped slide rails 21, and further facilitate the protection of the main cable body 5 by the protection component 6.

[0047] Optionally, the extrusion member includes a plurality of hydraulic cylinders 24 fixedly arranged in a circular array within the fixed seat 13, a contact seat 25 fixed to the telescopic ends of the plurality of hydraulic cylinders 24 and arranged within the fixed groove 14, an extrusion groove 26 formed within the contact seat 25 and having a flared shape, T-shaped guide blocks 27 respectively fixed to the outer walls of the plurality of fixed blocks 16, and a plurality of T-shaped sliding grooves 28 formed in a circular array on the outer wall of the contact seat 25;

[0048] The plurality of T-shaped guide blocks 27 are respectively fitted and slidably inserted within the plurality of T-shaped sliding grooves 28;

[0049] The outer walls of the plurality of fixed blocks 16 are all in contact with the extrusion groove 26. During use, the plurality of hydraulic cylinders 24 are simultaneously activated to drive the contact seat 25 to move within the fixed groove 14 and approach the plurality of fixed blocks 16. The plurality of fixed blocks 16 form a frustum-shaped fixing member. By means of the cooperation of the plurality of T-shaped guide blocks 27 and the plurality of T-shaped sliding grooves 28, the contact seat 25 can drive the plurality of fixed blocks 16 to move when moving. Furthermore, the flared extrusion groove 26 will simultaneously push the plurality of fixed blocks 16 to approach each other when the contact seat 25 moves, thereby clamping the main cable body 5 placed between the plurality of fixed blocks 16. After the tensile force detection is completed, the plurality of hydraulic rods drive the contact seat 25 away from the plurality of fixed blocks 16, and the plurality of T-shaped guide blocks 27 will slide within the plurality of T-shaped sliding grooves 28, thereby pulling the plurality of fixed blocks 16 away from each other to release the fixation of the main cable body 5. The contact seat 25 simultaneously pushes the plurality of fixed blocks 16 to move, ensuring that each fixed block 16 is evenly stressed, so that the plurality of fixed blocks 16 can all approach the main cable body 5 in the same state, thereby improving the stability of clamping the main cable body 5.

[0050] Optionally, the fixing assembly 2 further includes a plurality of tooth patterns 29 respectively arranged on the inner walls of the plurality of fixed blocks 16. When the plurality of fixed blocks 16 are in contact with one end of the main cable body 5, the tooth patterns 29 provided can increase the friction between the fixed blocks 16 and the main cable body 5, thereby ensuring the stable and firm clamping of the main cable body 5 by the plurality of fixed blocks 16.

[0051] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention can have various modifications and changes. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An auxiliary device for testing the tensile force of the main cable of a suspension bridge, characterized in that, Comprising: A base (1), two fixing components (2) symmetrically arranged on the upper surface of the base (1), a test seat (4) arranged at the rear side of the base (1), a tensile test mechanism (3) installed on the upper surface of the test seat (4), a main cable body (5) with two ends respectively connected to the two fixing components (2), and two protective components (6) symmetrically arranged on the base (1) and sleeved outside the main cable body (5); The middle part of the main cable body (5) abuts against the tensile test mechanism (3), wherein The tensile test mechanism (3) is adapted to complete the tensile test of the main cable body (5); The two fixing components (2) are adapted to stably and uniformly fix the two ends of the main cable body (5); The two protective components (6) are adapted to cover the outside of the main cable body (5), thereby limiting it.

2. The auxiliary device for tensile test of the main cable of a suspension bridge according to claim 1, characterized in that The protective component (6) includes an upper protective sleeve (7) sleeved outside the main cable body (5), a lower protective sleeve (8) hinged to the bottom of the upper protective sleeve (7) at one side, positioning seats (9) symmetrically fixed on the upper protective sleeve (7), positioning blocks (10) respectively rotatably connected to the bottoms of the two positioning seats (9), and a fixed airbag component (11) fixed inside the upper protective sleeve (7); The tops of the two positioning blocks (10) abut against the lower protective sleeve (8).

3. The auxiliary device for tensile test of the main cable of a suspension bridge according to claim 2, characterized in that The fixing component (2) includes a rotating shaft (12) rotatably connected to the base (1) through a bearing, a fixing seat (13) installed on the top of the rotating shaft (12), a fixing groove (14) opened in the fixing seat (13), a material placing groove (15) opened on the fixing seat (13) and communicated with the fixing groove (14), a plurality of fixing blocks (16) annularly arranged in the fixing groove (14), a magnetic attraction ring (17) fixed on the inner wall of the fixing groove (14), a plurality of magnetic attraction blocks (18) magnetically connected to the magnetic attraction ring (17) and respectively fixed on the plurality of fixing blocks (16), and an extrusion component (30) arranged in the fixing groove (14); The plurality of fixing blocks (16) are annularly arranged and sleeved outside the fixed main cable body (5).

4. The auxiliary device for tensile test of the main cable of a suspension bridge according to claim 3, characterized in that The protective component (6) further includes a first bracket (19) fixed to the upper surface of the base (1) by bolts, a second bracket (20) fixed to the base (1) and the test seat (4) by bolts, two arc-shaped slide rails (21) fixed to the first bracket (19) and the second bracket (20), two sliders (22) respectively sliding on the two arc-shaped slide rails (21), and a connecting member (23) with one end connected to one of the sliders (22) and the other end connected to one of the fixing components (2); The outer wall of the upper protective sleeve (7) is fixedly connected to the bottoms of the two sliders (22).

5. The auxiliary device for testing the tensile force of the main cable of a suspension bridge according to claim 4, wherein the extrusion member (30) includes a plurality of hydraulic cylinders (24) fixedly arranged in an annular array in the fixed seat (13), a contact seat (25) fixed to the telescopic ends of the plurality of hydraulic cylinders (24) and arranged in the fixed groove (14), an extrusion groove (26) formed in the contact seat (25) and having a trumpet shape, T-shaped guide blocks (27) respectively fixed to the outer walls of the plurality of fixed blocks (16), and a plurality of T-shaped sliding grooves (28) formed in an annular array on the outer wall of the contact seat (25); the plurality of T-shaped guide blocks (27) are respectively fitted and inserted into the plurality of T-shaped sliding grooves (28); the outer walls of the plurality of fixed blocks (16) are all abutted against the extrusion groove (26).

6. The auxiliary device for testing the tensile force of the main cable of a suspension bridge according to claim 5, wherein the fixing assembly (2) further includes a plurality of tooth patterns (29) respectively arranged on the inner walls of the plurality of fixed blocks (16).

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