Battery cabinet and energy storage system

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of batteries, and discloses a battery cabinet and an energy storage system. The battery cabinet comprises a battery cabinet body, a battery pack and a heat insulation pipe. The battery cabinet comprises a cabinet body and a cabinet door arranged on the opening side of the cabinet body, the cabinet door is provided with a hollow cavity, an air outlet is formed in the side, away from the cabinet body, of the cabinet door, and the air outlet is communicated with the cavity of the cabinet door; the battery pack is arranged in the cabinet body and is provided with an anti-explosion valve; the first end of the heat insulation pipe is hermetically connected with the explosion-proof valve, and the second end of the heat insulation pipe is hermetically connected with the cavity of the cabinet door; and the heat insulation pipe is used for guiding gas discharged by opening the explosion-proof valve into the cavity of the cabinet door and discharging the gas from the air outlet. According to the utility model, when the battery pack is subjected to thermal runaway, gas ejected by the explosion-proof valve can be directionally guided into the cavity of the cabinet door, and the air outlet is formed in the other side, far away from the cabinet body, of the cabinet door, so that gas exhaust is accelerated, electrolyte and combustible gas ejected after the valve of a single battery pack is opened are prevented from being diffused to other battery packs, and the thermal runaway range is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of batteries, in particular to a battery cabinet and an energy storage system. Background Art

[0002] Due to the advantages of good rate performance, high safety, large capacity, long cycle life, environmental friendliness, etc., lithium-ion batteries are widely used.

[0003] In the field of energy storage, battery cabinets are included in industrial and commercial, ground power station energy storage products with high large-scale integration. The battery cabinet includes a cabinet body and a cabinet door, and multiple battery packs are arranged in the cabinet body. Usually, the battery packs are enclosed in the cabinet body. When one of the battery packs undergoes thermal runaway, the explosion-proof valve of the battery pack opens, and a high-temperature gas-liquid mixture sprays out. Since the cabinet door is in a closed state, the gas cannot be discharged in time and diffuses to other battery packs in the cabinet body, resulting in the spread of thermal runaway.

[0004] Therefore, reducing the heat spread after local thermal runaway and ensuring the safety performance of the battery cabinet have become one of the main challenges at present. Summary of the Utility Model

[0005] In view of this, the utility model provides a battery cabinet and an energy storage system to solve the problem of how to reduce the heat spread of the battery cabinet after local thermal runaway.

[0006] In a first aspect, the utility model provides a battery cabinet, which includes a cabinet body, a battery pack, and an adiabatic tube. An openable cabinet door is provided on the opening side of the cabinet body. The cabinet door has a hollow cavity, and an air outlet is provided on the side of the cabinet door away from the cabinet body. The air outlet is communicated with the cavity of the cabinet door; the battery pack is arranged in the cabinet body, and the battery pack has an explosion-proof valve; the first end of the adiabatic tube is hermetically connected to the explosion-proof valve, and the second end of the adiabatic tube is hermetically connected to the cavity of the cabinet door; the adiabatic tube is used to introduce the gas discharged by the opening of the explosion-proof valve into the cavity of the cabinet door and discharge it through the air outlet.

[0007] Beneficial effects: In the battery cabinet provided by the utility model, by arranging an adiabatic tube in the battery cabinet to connect the explosion-proof valve of a single battery pack with the cavity of the cabinet door, when the battery pack undergoes thermal runaway, the gas ejected by the explosion-proof valve can be directionally introduced into the cavity of the cabinet door. An air outlet is provided on the other side of the cabinet door away from the cabinet body to accelerate the gas discharge, avoiding the electrolyte and combustible gas ejected after the opening of a single battery pack from diffusing to other battery packs and reducing the range of thermal runaway. At the same time, the gas is discharged out of the door due to the internal and external pressure difference, avoiding the combustion of the gas-liquid mixture during the discharge process, thereby achieving the purpose of reducing the heat spread after local thermal runaway and ensuring the safety performance of the battery cabinet.

[0008] In an optional embodiment, a battery pack is provided with multiple; the cabinet door includes an inner wall close to the battery pack and an outer wall away from the battery pack, the inner wall is provided with multiple mounting holes, and a plurality of thermal insulation tubes are provided, the first ends of the plurality of thermal insulation tubes are connected one-to-one with the explosion-proof valves of the plurality of battery packs, and the second ends of the plurality of thermal insulation tubes are connected one-to-one with the plurality of mounting holes.

[0009] In an optional embodiment, a plurality of exhaust vents are provided, the positions of the exhaust vents are arranged corresponding to the positions of the mounting holes, and the exhaust vents are provided with exhaust fans.

[0010] In an optional embodiment, the first end of the thermal insulation pipe is sealed and connected to the explosion-proof valve through a first sealing member, and the second end of the thermal insulation pipe is sealed and connected to the mounting hole through a second sealing member.

[0011] In an optional embodiment, the cavity of the cabinet door has a flow guide channel protruding toward one side of the battery pack, and the flow guide channel extends along the direction of gravity; the mounting hole is provided at the flow guide channel.

[0012] In an optional embodiment, a liquid collecting tray is further included, and the liquid collecting tray is arranged in the cavity of the cabinet door and correspondingly arranged below the flow guide channel.

[0013] In an optional embodiment, a first adsorbent is provided in the flow guide channel, and the first adsorbent includes melamine foam and / or molecular sieve;

[0014] And / or, a second adsorbent is provided in the liquid collection tray, and the second adsorbent includes an alkaline substance, an adsorbent resin or porous carbon;

[0015] And / or, the inner wall of the insulation pipe is provided with a third adsorbent, and the third adsorbent includes an alkaline substance, a polymer adsorbent resin or a lotion foam;

[0016] And / or, the inner wall of the cavity of the cabinet door is provided with a fourth adsorption member, and the fourth adsorption member includes an alkaline substance, a polymer adsorption resin or a lotion foam.

[0017] In an optional embodiment, the insulating pipe is connected to a detector suitable for detecting the opening condition of the explosion-proof valve. The detection end of the detector is inserted in the insulating pipe, the detector is close to the explosion-proof valve, and the detector is communicatively connected to a control box in the working environment.

[0018] In an optional embodiment, the detector includes one or more of a pressure detector, a smoke detector, a gas detector or a temperature detector.

[0019] In a second aspect, the utility model also provides an energy storage system, comprising a battery cabinet according to any one of the above technical solutions.

[0020] Beneficial effect: Because the energy storage system includes a battery cabinet, it has the same effect as the battery cabinet and will not be described in detail here. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0021] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings.

[0022] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of a battery cabinet in an open state of the cabinet door according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram of the outer side view of the cabinet door;

[0024] Figure 3 It is a connection schematic diagram of the heat insulation pipe and the explosion-proof valve;

[0025] Figure 4 It is a schematic exploded view of the cabinet door;

[0026] Figure 5 It is a schematic structural diagram of the inner side view of the cabinet door;

[0027] Figure 6 It is a schematic structural diagram of the connection between the detector and the heat insulation pipe.

[0028] Description of the Reference Numerals:

[0029] 1. Cabinet body; 2. Cabinet door; 21. Exhaust port; 22. Inner wall; 23. Outer wall; 24. Mounting hole; 25. Flow guide channel; 26. Liquid collecting tray; 3. Battery pack; 31. Explosion-proof valve; 4. Heat insulation pipe; 5. Exhaust fan; 6. First seal; 7. Detector; 8. Communication line; 9. Third seal. Specific Embodiments

[0030] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are some, but not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts belong to the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0031] The following will describe the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with Figures 1 to 6 , to describe the embodiments of the present invention.

[0032] According to an embodiment of the utility model, on the one hand, a battery cabinet is provided, comprising a cabinet body 1, a battery pack 3 and an insulating tube 4. An openable cabinet door 2 is provided on the open side of the cabinet body 1, the cabinet door 2 has a hollow cavity, an exhaust port 21 is provided on the side of the cabinet door 2 away from the cabinet body 1, and the exhaust port 21 is connected to the cavity of the cabinet door 2; the battery pack 3 is arranged in the cabinet body 1, and the battery pack 3 has an explosion-proof valve 31; the first end of the insulating tube 4 is sealed and connected to the explosion-proof valve 31, and the second end of the insulating tube 4 is sealed and connected to the cavity of the cabinet door 2; the insulating tube 4 guides the gas discharged by the explosion-proof valve 31 into the cavity of the cabinet door 2, and the gas is discharged from the exhaust port 21.

[0033] The battery cabinet provided by the embodiment of the utility model is provided with an insulating tube 4 in the battery cabinet to connect the explosion-proof valve 31 of the single battery pack 3 with the cavity of the cabinet door 2, so that when the battery pack 3 has thermal runaway, the gas ejected from the explosion-proof valve 31 can be directed into the cavity of the cabinet door 2, and the other side of the cabinet door 2 away from the cabinet body 1 is provided with an exhaust port 21 to accelerate the gas discharge, prevent the electrolyte and combustible gas ejected from the single battery pack 3 after the valve is opened from spreading to other battery packs 3, and reduce the scope of thermal runaway. At the same time, the gas is discharged to the outside of the door due to the pressure difference between the inside and outside, and the gas-liquid mixture is prevented from burning during the discharge process, thereby achieving the purpose of reducing the heat spread after local thermal runaway and ensuring the safety performance of the battery cabinet.

[0034] Specifically, in order to facilitate the bending of the thermal insulation tube 4 when the cabinet door 2 is closed, the thermal insulation tube 4 can be configured as a hose.

[0035] In some embodiments, there are multiple battery packs 3; the cabinet door 2 includes an inner wall 22 close to the battery pack 3 and an outer wall 23 away from the battery pack 3, the inner wall 22 is provided with multiple mounting holes 24, and there are multiple insulation tubes 4. The first ends of the multiple insulation tubes 4 are connected one-to-one with the explosion-proof valves 31 of the multiple battery packs 3, and the second ends of the multiple insulation tubes 4 are connected one-to-one with the multiple mounting holes 24.

[0036] exist Figure 1 In the embodiment shown, four battery packs 3 and four insulation tubes 4 are provided, and the inner wall 22 of the cabinet door 2 is provided with four mounting holes 24, such as Figure 4 The explosion-proof valve 31 of each battery pack 3 is connected to the nearby mounting hole 24 through an insulating pipe 4. After the explosion-proof valve 31 is opened, the exhausted gas can be directed toward the cavity of the cabinet door 2 through the independent insulating pipe 4.

[0037] In some embodiments, a plurality of exhaust vents 21 are provided, and the positions of the exhaust vents 21 are arranged corresponding to the positions of the mounting holes 24 . The exhaust vents 21 are provided with exhaust fans 5 .

[0038] Each mounting hole 24 is provided with an exhaust port 21 corresponding to the position thereof, so that the gas of the battery pack 3 can be quickly exhausted after the valve is opened.Figure 2 In the illustrated embodiment, the exhaust port 21 has a grid structure.

[0039] Furthermore, an exhaust fan 5 is provided at the exhaust port 21. As Figure 5 shown, it can assist in exhausting air, accelerate the exhaust speed of the gas, accelerate the pressure relief of the battery pack 3, and further improve the battery safety performance.

[0040] In some embodiments, the first end of the heat-insulating tube 4 is hermetically connected to the explosion-proof valve 31 through a first seal 6, and the second end of the heat-insulating tube 4 is hermetically connected to the mounting hole 24 through a second seal.

[0041] The hermetic connection between the heat-insulating tube 4 and the explosion-proof valve 31, and the hermetic connection between the heat-insulating tube 4 and the mounting hole 24. On the one hand, in the normal working state, the explosion-proof valve 31 is closed, and the outside ambient gas will not enter the battery pack 3 through the cavity of the cabinet door 2. On the other hand, in the state where the explosion-proof valve 31 explodes, all the gas discharged from the battery pack 3 can be introduced into the cavity of the cabinet door 2.

[0042] Specifically, the first seal 6 includes structural adhesive or a sealing ring. Similarly, the second seal includes structural adhesive or a sealing ring.

[0043] In some embodiments, the cavity of the cabinet door 2 has a diversion channel 25 protruding towards the battery pack 3, and the diversion channel 25 extends along the direction of gravity; the mounting hole 24 is provided at the diversion channel 25.

[0044] By providing the diversion channel 25, after the gas discharged when the explosion-proof valve 31 explodes reaches the cavity of the cabinet door 2 through the heat-insulating tube 4, the electrolyte flows downward due to gravity; the gas is discharged through the nearby exhaust port 21 in the cavity of the cabinet door 2, realizing gas-liquid separation and misaligned discharge, avoiding the thermal spread of the battery pack 3 to other battery packs 3, and at the same time, avoiding the ignition of the electrolyte due to excessive temperature during the discharge process, resulting in uncontrollable fire, combustion and explosion, and improving the battery safety performance. Specifically, the gas-liquid separation discharge direction is as Figure 4 shown, where F1 represents the liquid flow direction and F2 represents the gas flow direction.

[0045] In the battery cabinet provided by the embodiment of the present invention, the heat-insulating tube 4 constitutes an exhaust conduction structure, and the diversion channel 25 in the cavity of the cabinet door 2 constitutes an electrolyte discharge channel, which can quickly and directionally export the flammable gas-liquid mixture after thermal runaway, avoid its disorderly diffusion and expansion of the out-of-control range, and improve the safety performance of the battery cabinet through gas-liquid separation discharge.

[0046] In some embodiments, it further includes a liquid collecting tray 26, and the liquid collecting tray 26 is provided in the cavity of the cabinet door 2 and is correspondingly provided below the diversion channel 25.

[0047] As Figure 5As shown, the inner wall 22 of the cabinet door 2 is provided with a protruding structure towards the battery pack 3 side, so that a diversion channel 25 is formed in the cavity of the cabinet door 2 at this place; after the explosion-proof valve 31 opens, the gas-liquid mixture (flammable gas and electrolyte) reaches the diversion channel 25 directly through the heat-insulating pipe 4, and then due to the action of gravity, it moves downward and converges into the liquid collecting tray 26. The liquid collecting tray 26 can collect the electrolyte for easy cleaning.

[0048] In some embodiments, a first adsorbent is provided in the diversion channel 25, and the first adsorbent includes melamine foam and / or molecular sieve.

[0049] In some embodiments, a second adsorbent is provided in the liquid collecting tray 26, and the second adsorbent includes alkaline substances, adsorption resins or porous carbon.

[0050] In some embodiments, a third adsorbent is provided on the inner wall 22 of the heat-insulating pipe 4, and the third adsorbent includes alkaline substances, polymer adsorption resins or washing liquid foams.

[0051] In some embodiments, a fourth adsorbent is provided on the inner wall 22 of the cavity of the cabinet door 2, and the fourth adsorbent includes alkaline substances, polymer adsorption resins or washing liquid foams.

[0052] By providing a first adsorbent in the diversion channel 25, such as melamine foam and / or molecular sieve, the electrolyte can be adsorbed to accelerate the separation of the electrolyte from the gas.

[0053] By providing a second adsorbent in the liquid collecting tray 26, such as alkaline substances, adsorption resins or porous carbon, it is possible to prevent the electrolyte from further vaporizing and generating gas at high temperatures.

[0054] By providing a third adsorbent on the inner wall 22 of the heat-insulating pipe 4, such as alkaline substances, polymer adsorption resins or washing liquid foams, the electrolyte can be absorbed, and the high-temperature gas flow and the flammable electrolyte can be separated in time, avoiding the spontaneous combustion of the flammable gas-liquid mixture during the discharge process due to excessive temperature.

[0055] By providing a fourth adsorbent on the inner wall 22 of the cavity of the cabinet door 2, such as alkaline substances, polymer adsorption resins or washing liquid foams, the electrolyte can be absorbed, and gas-liquid separation can also be achieved by adsorbing the electrolyte.

[0056] One or more of the above first adsorbent, second adsorbent, third adsorbent and fourth adsorbent can be provided according to actual needs.

[0057] In some embodiments, a detector 7 is connected to the heat-insulating pipe 4. The detector 7 is adapted to detect the valve opening condition of the explosion-proof valve 31. The detection end of the detector 7 is inserted into the heat-insulating pipe 4. The detector 7 is close to the explosion-proof valve 31, and the detector 7 is communicatively connected to the control box in the working environment.

[0058] By providing a detector 7 which is connected to the heat-insulating pipe 4, the opening state of the explosion-proof valve 31 can be detected. The detector 7 is arranged close to the explosion-proof valve 31, so that a signal can be detected immediately when gas is discharged at the moment when the explosion-proof valve 31 opens, improving the sensitivity of the detector 7. One end of the detector 7 is inserted into the heat-insulating pipe 4, and the other end is outside the heat-insulating pipe 4. The detector 7 is communicatively connected to the control box and can send a detection signal to the control box for the control box to perform safety protection actions.

[0059] Specifically, the control box includes a high-voltage box. The detector 7 can be connected to the high-voltage wire through a communication wire 8. The communication wires 8 of the detectors 7 are connected in series and then converge into the high-voltage box. The converging end of the communication wire 8 can be connected to the high-voltage box at the bottom or top according to the position of the high-voltage box.

[0060] Specifically, the detection end of the detector 7 is inserted into the heat-insulating pipe 4 and is hermetically connected to the heat-insulating pipe 4 through a third seal 9.

[0061] The third seal 9 includes structural adhesive or a sealing ring.

[0062] After the internal detection device of the battery pack 3 fails, the detector 7 connected to the heat-insulating pipe 4 can be used as a backup signal feedback, and can feedback to the BMS in time. The control box triggers safety protection actions, such as disconnecting the relay and controlling the fire extinguishing components in the battery pack 3 to act for fire extinguishing; isolating a single thermally out-of-control battery pack 3 in time to prevent the degree of thermal runaway from expanding further.

[0063] In some embodiments, the detector 7 includes one or more of a pressure detector, a smoke detector, a gas detector or a temperature detector.

[0064] By detecting pressure, smoke, gas or temperature, the opening state of the explosion-proof valve 31 can be detected.

[0065] According to an embodiment of the present invention, on the other hand, an energy storage system is further provided, which includes the battery cabinet in any one of the above embodiments.

[0066] Since the energy storage system includes the battery cabinet and has the same effects as the battery cabinet, it will not be elaborated here.

[0067] Specifically, the energy storage system includes the above-mentioned control box.

[0068] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and such modifications and variations all fall within the scope defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A battery cabinet, characterized in that, Including: A cabinet body (1), on the opening side of the cabinet body (1) is provided with an openable and closable cabinet door (2), the cabinet door (2) has a hollow cavity, on the side of the cabinet door (2) away from the cabinet body (1) is provided with an air outlet (21), and the air outlet (21) communicates with the cavity of the cabinet door (2); A battery pack (3), the battery pack (3) is arranged in the cabinet body (1), and the battery pack (3) has an explosion-proof valve (31); A heat-insulating pipe (4), the first end of the heat-insulating pipe (4) is hermetically connected to the explosion-proof valve (31), and the second end of the heat-insulating pipe (4) is hermetically connected to the cavity of the cabinet door (2); the heat-insulating pipe (4) is used to introduce the gas discharged by the opening of the explosion-proof valve (31) into the cavity of the cabinet door (2) and discharge it through the air outlet (21).

2. The battery cabinet according to claim 1, wherein A plurality of the battery packs (3) are provided; The cabinet door (2) includes an inner wall (22) on the side close to the battery pack (3) and an outer wall (23) on the side away from the battery pack (3), a plurality of mounting holes (24) are provided on the inner wall (22), a plurality of the heat-insulating pipes (4) are provided, the first ends of the plurality of heat-insulating pipes (4) are connected to the explosion-proof valves (31) of the plurality of battery packs (3) in a one-to-one correspondence, and the second ends of the plurality of heat-insulating pipes (4) are connected to the plurality of mounting holes (24) in a one-to-one correspondence.

3. The battery cabinet according to claim 2, wherein A plurality of the air outlets (21) are provided, the positions of the air outlets (21) are arranged corresponding to the positions of the mounting holes (24), and an exhaust fan (5) is provided at the air outlet (21).

4. The battery cabinet according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that, The first end of the heat-insulating pipe (4) is hermetically connected to the explosion-proof valve (31) through a first sealing member (6), and the second end of the heat-insulating pipe (4) is hermetically connected to the mounting hole (24) through a second sealing member.

5. The battery cabinet according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that, The cavity of the cabinet door (2) has a diversion channel (25) protruding toward the side of the battery pack (3), and the diversion channel (25) extends along the gravity direction; the mounting hole (24) is arranged at the diversion channel (25).

6. The battery cabinet according to claim 5, wherein It further includes a liquid collecting tray (26), the liquid collecting tray (26) is arranged in the cavity of the cabinet door (2) and is correspondingly arranged below the diversion channel (25).

7. The battery cabinet according to claim 6, characterized in that, A first adsorbent is arranged in the diversion channel (25), and the first adsorbent includes melamine foam and / or molecular sieve; And / or, a second adsorbent is arranged in the liquid collecting tray (26), and the second adsorbent includes an alkaline substance, an adsorption resin or porous carbon; And / or, a third adsorbent is arranged on the inner wall (22) of the heat-insulating pipe (4), and the third adsorbent includes an alkaline substance, a polymer adsorption resin or a washing liquid foam; And / or, a fourth adsorbent is arranged on the inner wall (22) of the cavity of the cabinet door (2), and the fourth adsorbent includes an alkaline substance, a polymer adsorption resin or a washing liquid foam.

8. The battery cabinet according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, It further includes a detector (7). The detector (7) is disposed close to the explosion-proof valve (31). The detection end of the detector (7) is inserted into the heat-insulating pipe (4). The detector (7) is communicatively connected to a control box in the working environment. The detector (7) is used to detect the valve opening condition of the explosion-proof valve (31) and send it to the control box.

9. The battery cabinet according to claim 8, characterized in that, The detector (7) includes one or several of a pressure detector, a smoke detector, a gas detector or a temperature detector.

10. A energy storage system, characterized in that, It includes the battery cabinet according to any one of claims 1 to 9.

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