Antenna and electronic equipment

Abstract

The embodiment of the utility model relates to the technical field of antennas, and particularly discloses an antenna and an electronic device, the antenna comprises a radiation layer, a feeder line layer and a dielectric layer, the radiation layer comprises a metal ground and a radiator; the feeder line layer comprises a short-circuit branch knot and a parallel line, one end of the short-circuit branch knot is grounded, and the other end of the short-circuit branch knot is back-fed and connected with one end of the parallel line; the dielectric layer comprises a first surface and a second surface; the feeder line layer is arranged on the first surface, and the radiation layer is arranged on the second surface. Through the above mode, the antenna provided by the embodiment of the utility model has the advantage of high selectivity by means of the radiator and the parallel lines, and the utilization rate of frequency band resources is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] An embodiment of the utility model relates to the technical field of antennas, and in particular to an antenna and an electronic device. Background Art

[0002] As a type of antenna with specific performance and design characteristics, the broadband planar slot antenna combines the advantages of slot antennas and planar antennas, and has the advantages of low profile, small size, light weight, simple design, high data transmission rate, easy integration with other components, etc., and is particularly suitable for application scenarios that require wide bandwidth and good radiation characteristics.

[0003] In the process of implementing the utility model, the inventor of the utility model found that: at present, the existing broadband slot antennas are restricted by the limitations of their structures, resulting in poor selectivity of the broadband slot antennas based on the existing structures, and being unable to efficiently utilize frequency band resources, which greatly limits their use on modern wireless communication terminals. Summary of the Utility Model

[0004] The main technical problem to be solved by the embodiment of the utility model is to provide an antenna that can enable the antenna to have high selectivity and improve the utilization rate of frequency band resources.

[0005] To solve the above technical problem, a technical solution adopted by the utility model is: to provide an antenna, including a radiation layer, the radiation layer includes a metal ground and a radiator; a feeder layer, including a shorting stub and parallel lines, one end of the shorting stub is grounded, the other end of the shorting stub is back-fed, and this other end is connected to one end of the parallel lines; a dielectric layer, including a first surface and a second surface; the feeder layer is disposed on the first surface, and the radiation layer is disposed on the second surface.

[0006] Optionally, the parallel lines include a first parallel line and a second parallel line that are parallel to each other, one end of the first parallel line is connected to the other end of the shorting stub, and the end of the second parallel line far from the shorting stub is grounded.

[0007] Optionally, a first through hole is disposed at the end of the second parallel line far from the shorting stub, and the first through hole sequentially penetrates the dielectric layer and the radiation layer from the surface of the shorting stub.

[0008] Optionally, a second through hole is disposed at one end of the shorting stub, and the second through hole sequentially penetrates the dielectric layer and the radiation layer from the surface of the shorting stub.

[0009] Optionally, a third through hole is disposed at the other end of the shorting stub, and the shorting stub is back-fed through the third through hole, and the third through hole sequentially penetrates the dielectric layer and the radiation layer from the surface of the shorting stub.

[0010] Optionally, in the direction from the first surface to the second surface of the dielectric layer, the projection of the short - circuit stub overlaps with the radiator portion, and the second via - hole and the third via - hole are disposed on both sides of the length direction of the radiator.

[0011] Optionally, the radiator is located at the central position of the metal ground.

[0012] Optionally, the radiator includes a first slot, a second slot, a third slot, a fourth slot, and a fifth slot; the first slot, the second slot, the fourth slot, and the fifth slot are all parallel, the first slot and the second slot are both perpendicular to the third slot, the fourth slot and the fifth slot are both perpendicular to the third slot, and the first slot and the second slot are both disposed on one side of the third slot, and the fourth slot and the fifth slot are both disposed on the other side of the third slot.

[0013] Optionally, the first slot and the second slot are symmetric with respect to the center of the third slot, and the fourth slot and the fifth slot are symmetric with respect to the center of the third slot.

[0014] To solve the above - mentioned technical problems, another technical solution adopted by the present utility model is: to provide an electronic device, including a circuit board and the above - mentioned antenna.

[0015] The beneficial effects of the embodiments of the present utility model are: different from the prior art, the embodiments of the present utility model provide an antenna, including: a radiation layer, a dielectric layer, and a feeder layer, which are stacked in sequence. Among them, the radiation layer includes a metal ground and a radiator, the metal ground and the radiator determine the radiation performance of the antenna, the feeder layer includes a short - circuit stub and parallel lines, one end of the short - circuit stub is grounded, the other end of the short - circuit stub is back - fed, and the other end of the short - circuit stub is connected to one end of the parallel lines. The radiator and the parallel lines jointly determine the bandwidth of the antenna and the selectivity at the edge of the passband. By the above method, the embodiments of the present utility model solve the problem of poor selectivity of the existing broadband slot antenna. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required to be used in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the following described drawings are only some embodiments of the present application. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can also be obtained according to the drawings.

[0017] Figure 1 It is a three - dimensional structural schematic diagram of the antenna provided by the embodiments of the present utility model;

[0018] Figure 2It is a schematic structural diagram of the feeder layer provided by an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0019] Figure 3 It is a schematic perspective structural diagram of the antenna provided by an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0020] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the bottom view angle of the antenna provided by an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0021] Figure 5 It is a marked schematic diagram of the bottom view angle of the antenna provided by an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0022] Figure 6 It is a marked schematic diagram of the feeder layer provided by an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0023] Figure 7 It is a marked bottom view schematic diagram of the antenna provided by an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0024] Figure 8 It is a simulation result diagram of the standing wave ratio of the broadband slot antenna under the defined parameters provided by an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0025] Figure 9 It is the maximum gain simulation result of the broadband slot antenna under the defined parameters provided by an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0026] Figure 10 It is the radiation efficiency simulation result of the broadband slot antenna under the defined parameters provided by an embodiment of the present utility model. Detailed implementation manners

[0027] For ease of understanding the present utility model, the following further describes the present utility model in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be noted that when an element is expressed as "fixed to" another element, it can be directly on the other element, or there can be one or more intermediate elements therebetween. When an element is expressed as "connected to" another element, it can be directly connected to the other element, or there can be one or more intermediate elements therebetween. The terms "vertical", "horizontal", "left", "right" and similar expressions used in this specification are only for the purpose of illustration.

[0028] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used in this specification have the same meaning as commonly understood by those skilled in the technical field to which the present utility model belongs. The terms used in this specification in the description of the present utility model are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not used to limit the present utility model. The term "and / or" used in this specification includes any and all combinations of one or more of the related listed items.

[0029] Please refer toFigure 1 The antenna 1000 includes a radiation layer 3, a feeder layer 1, and a dielectric layer 2. The feeder layer 1, the dielectric layer 2, and the radiation layer 3 are stacked in sequence.

[0030] For the above dielectric layer 2, please refer to Figure 1 The dielectric layer 2 includes a first surface 21 and a second surface 22; the feeder layer 1 is disposed on the first surface 21, and the radiation layer 3 is disposed on the second surface 22.

[0031] For the above feeder layer 1, please refer to Figure 2 and Figure 3 The feeder layer 1 includes a short - circuit stub 11 and parallel lines 12. One end of the short - circuit stub 11 is grounded, the other end of the short - circuit stub 11 is back - fed, and this other end is connected to one end of the parallel lines 12.

[0032] It should be noted that the way of back - feeding the other end of the short - circuit stub 11 is through a SubMiniature version A (SMA) connector for back - feeding, simply referred to as an SMA connector. The signal transmission or feedback of the short - circuit stub 11 is realized through the SMA connector.

[0033] In some embodiments, please refer to Figure 2 The parallel lines 12 include a first parallel line 121 and a second parallel line 122 that are parallel to each other. One end of the first parallel line 121 is connected to the other end of the short - circuit stub 11, and the end of the second parallel line 122 far from the short - circuit stub 11 is grounded.

[0034] In some embodiments, please refer to Figure 2 A first through - hole 1221 is provided at the end of the second parallel line 122 far from the short - circuit stub 11. The first through - hole 1221 sequentially penetrates the dielectric layer 2 and the radiation layer 3 from the surface of the short - circuit stub 11.

[0035] In some embodiments, please refer to Figure 2 A second through - hole 111 is provided at one end of the short - circuit stub 11. The second through - hole 111 sequentially penetrates the dielectric layer 2 and the radiation layer 3 from the surface of the short - circuit stub 11.

[0036] In some embodiments, please refer to Figure 2 A third through - hole 112 is provided at the other end of the short - circuit stub 11. The short - circuit stub 11 is back - fed through the third through - hole 112, that is, the above - mentioned SMA connector realizes the back - feeding of the short - circuit stub 11 through the third through - hole 112, and the third through - hole 112 sequentially penetrates the dielectric layer 2 and the radiation layer 3 from the surface of the short - circuit stub 11.

[0037] In some embodiments, please refer to Figure 3, along the direction from the first surface 21 to the second surface 22 of the dielectric layer 2, the projection of the short - circuit stub 11 partially overlaps with the radiator 32, and the second via - hole 111 and the third via - hole 112 are arranged on both sides of the radiator 32 in the length direction.

[0038] For the above - mentioned radiator 32, the length direction is specified as the X - direction.

[0039] For the above - mentioned radiation layer 3, please refer to Figure 4 and Figure 5 , the radiation layer 3 includes a metal ground 31 and a radiator 32. The radiator 32 is located at the center of the metal ground 31, and the radiator 32 is formed by corresponding slits opened on the metal ground 31.

[0040] Specifically, the radiator 32 includes a first slit 321, a second slit 322, a third slit 323, a fourth slit 324, and a fifth slit 325; the first slit 321, the second slit 322, the fourth slit 324, and the fifth slit 325 are all parallel to each other. The first slit 321 and the second slit 322 are both perpendicular to the third slit 323, the fourth slit 324 and the fifth slit 325 are both perpendicular to the third slit 323, and the first slit 321 and the second slit 322 are both arranged on one side of the third slit 323, and the fourth slit 324 and the fifth slit 325 are both arranged on the other side of the third slit 323.

[0041] In some embodiments, the first slit 321 and the second slit 322 are symmetric with each other about the center of the third slit 323, and the fourth slit 324 and the fifth slit 325 are symmetric with each other about the center of the third slit 323. The symmetric first slit 321 and second slit 322, as well as the symmetrically arranged fourth slit 324 and fifth slit 325, are used to reduce the cross - polarization level, improve the performance of the antenna 1000, and help to form a more uniform and concentrated radiation pattern, enhancing the directivity of the antenna 1000.

[0042] In the present utility model, the antenna 1000 includes a radiation layer 3, a feeder layer 1, and a dielectric layer 2. The radiation layer 3, the dielectric layer 2, and the feeder layer 1 are stacked in sequence. Among them, the radiation layer 3 includes a metal ground 31 and a radiator 32; the feeder layer 1 includes a short - circuit stub 11 and parallel lines 12. One end of the short - circuit stub 11 is grounded, the other end of the short - circuit stub 11 is back - fed, and the other end is connected to one end of the parallel lines 12; the dielectric layer 2 includes a first surface 21 and a second surface 22; the feeder layer 1 is arranged on the first surface 21, and the radiation layer 3 is arranged on the second surface 22. In this way, relying on the existence of the radiator 32 and the parallel lines 12, the antenna 1000 has high selectivity.

[0043] To facilitate readers to better understand the concept of the present utility model, the following embodiments of the antenna 1000 are provided and simulation experiments are carried out. Please refer to Figures 6 to 10, specifically, the dielectric constant of the specified dielectric layer 2 is 3.38, the dielectric loss is 0.0022, and the thickness is 0.762 mm. The specified radiation layer 3 and feeder layer 1 are both copper-plated. The specified thickness of the radiation layer 3 is 0.035 mm. The specified shorting stub 11 is a 50 Ω microstrip line, as Figure 6 and Figure 7 shown. Specify L G as the length of the metal ground 31, W G as the width of the metal ground 31, L S1 as the length of the fourth slot 324 or the fifth slot 325, L S2 as the length of the first slot 321 or the second slot 322, D S1 as the distance from the closest end of the fourth slot 324 to the third slot 323 or the distance from the closest end of the fifth slot 325 to the third slot 323, D S2 as the distance from the closest end of the first slot 321 to the third slot 323 or the distance from the closest end of the second slot 322 to the third slot 323, D S3 as the distance between the first slot 321 and the second slot 322, W S as the width of any one of the first equal slot, the second slot 322, the third slot 323, the fourth slot 324, and the fifth slot 325, L F as the length of the shorting stub 11, W F as the width of the shorting stub 11, L P as the length of the first parallel line 121 or the second line, w P as the width of the first parallel line 121 or the second parallel line 122, s P as the spacing between the first parallel line 121 and the second parallel line 122. Among them, ΦV is the diameter of the second through hole 111, Figure 7 not marked in

[0044] It should be noted that the antenna 1000 based on the above structure has three transmission poles and two transmission zeros. The frequencies corresponding to the three transmission poles are named f p1 , f p2 , f p3 from low to high. And the frequencies corresponding to these three transmission poles and the parameters L S1 , L S2 , D S1 , D S2 , D S3 The relationship between them is:

[0045]

[0046] Among them, εr is the dielectric constant of the dielectric layer 2.

[0047] The length L of the first parallel line 121 or the second parallel line 122 P The relationship between the frequencies corresponding to the three transmission poles is as follows:

[0048]

[0049] Assume that the odd-mode characteristic impedance of the first parallel line 121 and the second parallel line 122 is Zoo, and the even-mode characteristic impedance is Zoe. Then the frequencies f z1 and f z2 corresponding to the transmission zeros can be summarized as:

[0050]

[0051] For the antenna 1000 based on the above structure, it has three transmission poles to ensure the flatness of the maximum gain and radiation efficiency within the bandwidth; there are also two transmission zeros, which can increase the standing wave ratio at their corresponding frequencies, preventing signals from entering the radiator 32 from the feeding port, thus achieving high selectivity.

[0052] One set of optimized parameters is: L G = 88.5 mm, W G = 139.4 mm, L S1 = 15.5 mm, L S2 = 16.4 mm, D S1 = 16.0 mm, D S2 = 19.8 mm, D S3 = 34.6 mm, W S = 3.9 mm, L F = 50 mm, W F = 1.8 mm, L P = 17.4 mm, s P = 0.1 mm, w P = 0.11 mm, ΦV = 1.4 mm.

[0053] From Figure 8 it can be seen that the passband bandwidth range with a standing wave ratio less than 2 is from 2.08 GHz to 3.60 GHz, the center frequency is 2.84 GHz, the absolute bandwidth is 1.52 GHz, and the relative bandwidth is 53.5%, showing broadband characteristics. Within the passband, there are also three transmission poles, located at 2.81 GHz, 3.25 GHz, and 3.54 GHz respectively, ensuring the flatness of the maximum gain and radiation efficiency within the passband. In addition, there are two transmission zeros outside the passband, located at 1.8 GHz and 3.9 GHz respectively, which can greatly increase the standing wave ratio of the antenna 1000 and effectively improve the selectivity of the antenna 1000.

[0054] From Figure 9It can be seen that within the passband, the average maximum gain of the antenna 1000 is 5.97 dBi, and the maximum gain ripple is less than ±1.5 dB, featuring high gain and flat ripple. In addition, the maximum gain outside the passband drops rapidly, with a downward slope of 130 dB / GHz at the lower passband edge and 77.9 dB / GHz at the upper passband edge, showing the high selectivity of the antenna 1000.

[0055] It can be seen from Figure 10 that within the passband, the average radiation efficiency of the antenna 1000 is 95.7%, and the minimum radiation efficiency is 90.9%, showing the characteristic of high radiation efficiency. In addition, the radiation efficiency outside the passband decays rapidly to near 0, also showing the high selectivity of the antenna 1000.

[0056] The embodiment of the present invention also provides an embodiment of an electronic device. The electronic device includes a circuit board and the above-mentioned antenna 1000. For the structure and function of the antenna 1000, reference can be made to the above embodiments, and details will not be repeated here.

[0057] It should be noted that the description and drawings of the present invention give preferred embodiments of the present invention. However, the present invention can be implemented in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described in this specification. These embodiments do not impose additional limitations on the content of the present invention. The purpose of providing these embodiments is to make the understanding of the disclosed content of the present invention more thorough and comprehensive. Moreover, the above technical features continue to be combined with each other to form various embodiments not listed above, all of which are regarded as within the scope described in the description of the present invention; further, for those of ordinary skill in the art, improvements or changes can be made based on the above description, and all such improvements and changes should fall within the protection scope of the appended claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. An antenna, characterized in that, Comprising: A radiation layer, including a metal ground and a radiator; A feeder layer, including a short - circuit stub and parallel lines, one end of the short - circuit stub is grounded, the other end of the short - circuit stub is back - fed, and this other end is connected to one end of the parallel lines; A dielectric layer, including a first surface and a second surface; the feeder layer is disposed on the first surface, and the radiation layer is disposed on the second surface.

2. The antenna according to claim 1, wherein, The parallel lines include a first parallel line and a second parallel line that are parallel to each other. One end of the first parallel line is connected to the other end of the short - circuit stub, and the end of the second parallel line away from the short - circuit stub is grounded.

3. The antenna according to claim 2, wherein, A first through - hole is provided at the end of the second parallel line away from the short - circuit stub, and the first through - hole sequentially penetrates through the dielectric layer and the radiation layer from the surface of the short - circuit stub.

4. The antenna according to claim 3, wherein, A second through - hole is provided at one end of the short - circuit stub, and the second through - hole sequentially penetrates through the dielectric layer and the radiation layer from the surface of the short - circuit stub.

5. The antenna according to claim 4, wherein, A third through - hole is provided at the other end of the short - circuit stub, and the short - circuit stub is back - fed through the third through - hole, and the third through - hole sequentially penetrates through the dielectric layer and the radiation layer from the surface of the short - circuit stub.

6. The antenna according to claim 5, wherein, In the direction from the first surface to the second surface of the dielectric layer, the projection of the short - circuit stub partially overlaps with the radiator, and the second through - hole and the third through - hole are provided on both sides in the length direction of the radiator.

7. The antenna according to any one of claims 1 - 6, wherein, The radiator is located at the center position of the metal ground.

8. The antenna according to any one of claims 1 - 6, wherein, The radiator includes a first slot, a second slot, a third slot, a fourth slot, and a fifth slot; the first slot, the second slot, the fourth slot, and the fifth slot are all parallel, the first slot and the second slot are both perpendicular to the third slot, the fourth slot and the fifth slot are both perpendicular to the third slot, and the first slot and the second slot are both provided on one side of the third slot, and the fourth slot and the fifth slot are both provided on the other side of the third slot.

9. The antenna according to claim 8, wherein, The first slot and the second slot are symmetric with respect to the center of the third slot, and the fourth slot and the fifth slot are symmetric with respect to the center of the third slot.

10. An electronic device, characterized in that, Comprising a circuit board and the antenna according to any one of claims 1 - 9 above.

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