Hemodialysis system

Abstract

The utility model discloses a hemodialysis system which comprises a dialyzer internally provided with a first blood chamber and a second blood chamber; a port A of the first four-way valve is connected with an artery pipeline, a port B is connected with a normal saline supply device, a port C is connected with the liquid inlet end of the first blood chamber, and a port D is connected with the liquid inlet end of the second blood chamber; a port A of the second four-way valve is connected with the liquid outlet end of the first blood chamber, a port B is connected with the liquid outlet end of the second blood chamber, a port C is connected with an artery pipeline, and a port D is connected with a waste liquid collection container; wherein two flow paths of the first four-way valve and the second four-way valve, such as port A communicating with port C, port B communicating with port D, port A communicating with port D and port B communicating with port C, are alternately switched, and the first blood chamber and the second blood chamber can alternately perform one dialysis treatment state and the other flushing state, so that the dialysis treatment and flushing can be simultaneously performed under the condition that the pipeline is not disassembled; the workload of medical staff is reduced, and the infection risk of a patient is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of medical devices, and more specifically, to a hemodialysis system. Background Art

[0002] Hemodialysis is a common treatment method for patients with renal failure. During the dialysis treatment process, it is usually necessary to anticoagulate the blood drawn out of the body, that is, inject heparin into the patient's blood to prevent the blood from coagulating during extracorporeal circulation, that is, reduce the risk of blood coagulation in the dialyzer.

[0003] However, there are some patients who cannot be anticoagulated by injecting heparin due to diseases. At present, during the dialysis process of such patients, in order to avoid blood coagulation in the dialyzer, after half an hour or one hour of dialysis, the dialyzer is rinsed with normal saline to reduce the risk of dialyzer blood coagulation and increase the service life of the dialyzer. However, this treatment method requires repeated disassembly and assembly of the arterial pipeline and the dialyzer for rinsing, increasing the workload of medical staff and at the same time increasing the risk of infection.

[0004] In summary, how to provide a hemodialysis system that can perform dialysis treatment and rinsing simultaneously is an urgent problem to be solved by those skilled in the art at present. Summary of the Utility Model

[0005] In view of this, the purpose of the utility model is to provide a hemodialysis system that can perform dialysis treatment and rinsing simultaneously to reduce the workload of medical staff and the risk of patient infection.

[0006] In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model provides the following technical solutions:

[0007] A hemodialysis system, comprising:

[0008] A dialyzer, inside which there are a first blood chamber and a second blood chamber that are not connected to each other;

[0009] A first four-way valve, the A port of which is used to connect to the arterial pipeline, the B port is connected to the normal saline supply device, the C port is connected to the liquid inlet end of the first blood chamber, and the D port is connected to the liquid inlet end of the second blood chamber;

[0010] A second four-way valve, the A port of which is connected to the liquid outlet end of the first blood chamber, the B port is connected to the liquid outlet end of the second blood chamber, the C port is used to connect to the venous pipeline, and the D port is connected to the waste liquid collection container;

[0011] Wherein, when both the first four-way valve and the second four-way valve control their A ports to communicate with the C ports and the B ports to communicate with the D ports, the first blood chamber is in the dialysis treatment state, and at the same time the second blood chamber is in the rinsing state;

[0012] When both the first four-way valve and the second four-way valve control their port A to communicate with port D and port B to communicate with port C, the first blood chamber is in a flushing state, and at the same time, the second blood chamber is in a dialysis treatment state.

[0013] Preferably, both the first four-way valve and the second four-way valve are four-way double-control ball valves, and the four-way double-control ball valve includes a valve body and a ball core;

[0014] Four through holes are sequentially arranged around the valve body and are all communicated with its inner cavity. The four through holes include through hole A and through hole B which are arranged opposite to each other at 180°, and through hole a and through hole b which are arranged opposite to each other at 180°;

[0015] The ball core includes an upper sphere and a lower sphere. The upper sphere is provided with three upper flow holes which are communicated with each other, and the lower sphere is provided with three lower flow holes which are communicated with each other. When the ball core rotates and is placed in the inner cavity of the valve body, the three upper flow holes are respectively arranged corresponding to through hole A, through hole a, and through hole B, and the three lower flow holes are respectively arranged corresponding to through hole A, through hole b, and through hole B;

[0016] Wherein, an upper stop block for blocking the communication between through hole B and any one of the upper flow holes is arranged in the inner cavity of the valve body, and a lower stop block for blocking the communication between through hole A and any one of the lower flow holes is arranged in the inner cavity of the valve body.

[0017] Preferably, both the first four-way valve and the second four-way valve are four-way double-control ball valves, and the four-way double-control ball valve includes a valve body, a ball rod, and a ball core;

[0018] Four through holes which are arranged in a cross shape and communicated with each other are circumferentially spaced on the valve body, and a valve cavity is formed at the cross intersection of the four through holes;

[0019] The ball core is in a flat spherical shape and is hermetically fitted with the circumferential wall of the valve cavity for one week. The ball core is located at the bottom of the ball rod, and the top of the ball rod passes through the valve body and extends out of it to drive the ball core to rotate so as to communicate any two adjacent through holes and isolate the remaining two through holes; wherein, port A and port B of the first four-way valve and the second four-way valve correspond to any two opposite through holes one by one, and port C and port D correspond to the remaining two opposite through holes one by one.

[0020] Preferably, an arc-shaped platform facing the valve cavity is arranged at the intersection of every two adjacent through holes, and two arc-shaped platforms spaced apart are arranged opposite to each other to form the side wall of the valve cavity, and then form a ball core valve position which is hermetically adapted to the circumferential direction of the ball core with the two end walls of the valve cavity;

[0021] Wherein, when the ball core is located at the first ball core valve position, the A ports of the first four-way valve and the second four-way valve are communicated with the C ports, and the B ports are communicated with the D ports;

[0022] When the ball core is located at the second ball core valve position, the A ports of the first four-way valve and the second four-way valve are communicated with the D ports, and the B ports are communicated with the C ports.

[0023] Preferably, the dialyzer includes a housing. The top and bottom ends of the housing are both open and are respectively provided with a liquid inlet end cap and a liquid outlet end cap. The two sides of the liquid inlet end cap are respectively provided with a liquid inlet a and a liquid inlet b, and the two sides of the liquid outlet end cap are respectively provided with a liquid outlet c and a liquid outlet d;

[0024] A plurality of bundles of membrane filaments are arranged in the housing. The plurality of bundles of membrane filaments all extend from the top end to the bottom end of the housing, and the top and bottom ends of the housing are provided with a first partition board and a second partition board opposite to each other for separating the plurality of membrane filaments into two parts. The top ends and bottom ends of the two parts of the membrane filaments are fixed in the housing through potting glue with the first partition board and the second partition board respectively to form the first blood chamber and the second blood chamber respectively;

[0025] Wherein, the liquid inlet end of the first blood chamber is communicated with the liquid inlet a, and the liquid outlet end is communicated with the liquid outlet c. The liquid inlet end of the second blood chamber is communicated with the liquid inlet b, and the liquid outlet end is communicated with the liquid outlet d.

[0026] Preferably, a first sealing ring is provided between the liquid inlet end cap and the first partition board; a second sealing ring is provided between the liquid outlet end cap and the second partition board.

[0027] Preferably, the physiological saline supply device includes a pump tube, a pump and a physiological saline reservoir. The liquid inlet end of the pump tube is connected to the physiological saline reservoir, and the liquid outlet end is connected to the B port of the first four-way valve, and the pump is arranged on the pump tube.

[0028] Preferably, a puncture tube is connected between the liquid inlet end of the pump tube and the pump. The puncture tube is used for connecting a saline bottle or a saline bag.

[0029] Preferably, the first four-way valve, the dialyzer and the second four-way valve are arranged in sequence along the same straight line.

[0030] Compared with the above-mentioned background art, when the hemodialysis system provided by the present utility model is used for dialysis treatment, in the initial state, the first four-way valve and the second four-way valve both control their port A to communicate with port C and port B to communicate with port D, that is, the arterial pipeline is connected to the liquid inlet end of the first blood chamber, the liquid outlet end of the first blood chamber is connected to the arterial pipeline, and the physiological saline supply device is connected to the liquid inlet end of the second blood chamber, and the liquid outlet end of the second blood chamber is connected to the waste liquid collection container. In this way, the blood in the arterial pipeline enters the first blood chamber, undergoes dialysis treatment, and then flows back into the arterial pipeline. At the same time, the physiological saline in the physiological saline supply device enters the second blood chamber for flushing, and the waste liquid after flushing flows into the waste liquid collection container. That is to say, at this time, the first blood chamber is in the dialysis treatment state, and the second blood chamber is in the flushing state; after treatment for a period of time, the first four-way valve and the second four-way valve both control their port A to communicate with port C and port B to communicate with port D, that is, the arterial pipeline is connected to the liquid inlet end of the second blood chamber, the liquid outlet end of the second blood chamber is connected to the arterial pipeline, and the physiological saline supply device is connected to the liquid inlet end of the first blood chamber, and the liquid outlet end of the first blood chamber is connected to the waste liquid collection container. In this way, the blood in the arterial pipeline enters the second blood chamber, undergoes dialysis treatment, and then flows back into the venous pipeline. At the same time, the physiological saline in the physiological saline supply device enters the first blood chamber for flushing, and the waste liquid after flushing flows into the waste liquid collection container. That is to say, at this time, the first blood chamber is in the flushing state, and the second blood chamber is in the dialysis treatment state; during the subsequent treatment process, according to the set switching time, the first four-way valve and the second four-way valve are alternately switched between two flow paths, namely port A communicating with port C and port B communicating with port D, and port A communicating with port D and port B communicating with port C, so that the first blood chamber and the second blood chamber alternately perform the states of one for dialysis treatment and the other for flushing, reducing the risk of dialyzer coagulation and prolonging the dialysis time.

[0031] In summary, compared with flushing the dialyzer by disconnecting the pipeline, the present application can perform dialysis treatment and flushing simultaneously without disconnecting the pipeline, so as to reduce the workload of medical staff and reduce the risk of patient infection. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present utility model or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only the embodiments of the present utility model. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the provided drawings without creative efforts.

[0033] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of a hemodialysis system provided by the present utility model;

[0034] Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram of the dialyzer provided by the present utility model;

[0035] Figure 3 Schematic structural diagram of the four-way ball valve of the first four-way valve or the second four-way valve in Embodiment 1;

[0036] Figure 4 Exploded view of the four-way ball valve of the first four-way valve or the second four-way valve in Embodiment 1;

[0037] Figure 5 Schematic cross-sectional view of the four-way ball valve of the first four-way valve or the second four-way valve in Embodiment 1;

[0038] Figure 6 Schematic longitudinal-sectional view of the four-way ball valve of the first four-way valve or the second four-way valve in Embodiment 1;

[0039] Figure 7 Schematic structural diagram of the ball core of the four-way ball valve of the first four-way valve or the second four-way valve in Embodiment 1;

[0040] Figure 8 Rear view of the ball core of the four-way ball valve of the first four-way valve or the second four-way valve in Embodiment 1;

[0041] Figure 9 Left view of the ball core of the four-way ball valve of the first four-way valve or the second four-way valve in Embodiment 1;

[0042] Figure 10 Schematic diagram of the upper sphere of the four-way ball valve of the first four-way valve or the second four-way valve in Embodiment 1 in the first valve position;

[0043] Figure 11 Schematic diagram of the upper sphere of the four-way ball valve of the first four-way valve or the second four-way valve in Embodiment 1 in the second valve position;

[0044] Figure 12 Schematic diagram of the upper sphere of the four-way ball valve of the first four-way valve or the second four-way valve in Embodiment 1 in the third valve position;

[0045] Figure 13 Schematic diagram of the lower sphere of the four-way ball valve of the first four-way valve or the second four-way valve in Embodiment 1 in the first valve position;

[0046] Figure 14 Schematic diagram of the lower sphere of the four-way ball valve of the first four-way valve or the second four-way valve in Embodiment 1 in the second valve position;

[0047] Figure 15 Schematic diagram of the lower sphere of the four-way ball valve of the first four-way valve or the second four-way valve in Embodiment 1 in the third valve position.

[0048] Figure 16 Schematic diagram of the ball core of the first four-way valve or the second four-way valve in Embodiment 2 in the first ball core valve position;

[0049] Figure 17Schematic diagram of the ball core of the first four-way valve or the second four-way valve in Embodiment 2 located at the second ball core valve position.

[0050] Reference numerals:

[0051] 1 is a dialyzer, 2 is a first four-way valve, 3 is a second four-way valve, 4 is a physiological saline supply device, 5 is a blood inflow tube, 6 is a saline inflow tube, 7 is pipeline I, 8 is pipeline II, 9 is pipeline III, 10 is pipeline IV, 11 is a blood outflow tube, 12 is a waste liquid collection tube, 13 is a Luer connector;

[0052] 1-a is the first blood chamber, 1-b is the second blood chamber, 1-1 is the housing, 1-2 is the liquid inlet end cover, 1-3 is the liquid inlet a, 1-4 is the liquid inlet b, 1-5 is the liquid outlet end cover, 1-6 is the liquid outlet c, 1-7 is the liquid outlet d, 1-8 is the membrane fiber, 1-9 is the first partition, 1-10 is the second partition, 1-11 is the first sealing ring, 1-12 is the second sealing ring;

[0053] 2-1 is the valve body two, 2-2 is the ball core two, 2-3 is the valve cavity, 2-4 is the arc-shaped platform;

[0054] 4-1 is the pump tube, 4-2 is the puncture tube;

[0055] 1'- valve body one; 12'- through hole A; 13'- through hole a; 14'- through hole B; 15'- through hole b; 16'- upper valve body; 17'- lower valve body; 18'- upper valve cavity; 19'- lower valve cavity;

[0056] 2'- ball core one; 21'- upper sphere; 211'- first upper flow hole; 212'- second upper flow hole; 213'- third upper flow hole; 22'- lower sphere; 221'- first lower flow hole; 222'- second lower flow hole; 223'- third lower flow hole; 23'- partition;

[0057] 3'- upper stop block; 4'- lower stop block; 5'- rotating rod; 6'- rotation control member; 7'- packing gland; 8'- sealing packing; 9'- sealing ring. Detailed implementation manners

[0058] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0059] The core of the present utility model is to provide a hemodialysis system that can perform dialysis treatment and flushing simultaneously, thereby reducing the workload of medical staff and the risk of patient infection.

[0060] Please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 , this application provides a hemodialysis system, including a dialyzer 1, a first four-way valve 2, and a second four-way valve 3.

[0061] The inside of the dialyzer is provided with a first blood chamber 1-a and a second blood chamber 1-b that are not connected to each other.

[0062] The A port of the first four-way valve 2 is used to connect to the arterial line, the B port is connected to the physiological saline supply device 4, the C port is connected to the liquid inlet end of the first blood chamber 1-a, and the D port is connected to the liquid inlet end of the second blood chamber 1-b.

[0063] The A port of the second four-way valve 3 is connected to the liquid outlet end of the first blood chamber 1-a, the B port is connected to the liquid outlet end of the second blood chamber 1-b, the C port is used to connect to the venous line, and the D port is connected to the waste liquid collection container.

[0064] Among them, when both the first four-way valve 2 and the second four-way valve 3 control their A ports to communicate with the C ports and their B ports to communicate with the D ports, the first blood chamber 1-a is in the dialysis treatment state, and at the same time, the second blood chamber 1-b is in the flushing state; when both the first four-way valve 2 and the second four-way valve 3 control their A ports to communicate with the D ports and their B ports to communicate with the C ports, the first blood chamber 1-a is in the flushing state, and at the same time, the second blood chamber 1-b is in the dialysis treatment state.

[0065] It should be noted that a dialyzer is usually divided into a blood chamber and a dialysate chamber. The blood chamber is the space inside the membrane bundle, and the dialysate chamber is the space between the membrane bundle and the housing. The dialyzer 1 of this application

[0066] It has a first blood chamber 1-a and a second blood chamber 1-b, and both the first blood chamber 1-a and the second blood chamber 1-b have membrane filaments 1-8. The membrane filaments 1-8 can simulate the excretory function of the kidney, and remove the waste and toxins accumulated in the human body through dialysis, so that both the first blood chamber 1-a and the second blood chamber 1-b can achieve dialysis treatment, and the two are not connected to each other to perform dialysis treatment independently. Both the first four-way valve 2 and the second four-way valve 3 have four ports, namely port A, port B, port C, and port D. By rotating the valve core, two ports can be connected, and the other two ports are also connected to achieve different flow direction control. In this application, both the first four-way valve 2 and the second four-way valve 3 have two flow paths. One is that port A is connected to port C and port B is connected to port D, and the other is that port A is connected to port D and port B is connected to port C. Among them, the port A of the first four-way valve 2 is connected with a blood inflow tube 5, and the end of the blood inflow tube 5 far away from the port A of the first four-way valve 2 is used to connect to the arterial line. The port B of the first four-way valve 2 is connected with a saline inflow tube 6, and the end of the saline inflow tube 6 far away from the port B of the first four-way valve 2 is connected to a physiological saline supply device 4. The physiological saline supply device 4 is used to transport physiological saline into the saline inflow tube 6. The port C of the first four-way valve 2 is connected to the liquid inlet end of the first blood chamber 1-a through a pipeline I7, and the port D is connected to the liquid inlet end of the second blood chamber 1-b through a pipeline II8; the port A of the second four-way valve 3 is connected to the liquid outlet end of the first blood chamber 1-a through a pipeline III9, the port B is connected to the liquid outlet end of the second blood chamber 1-b through a pipeline IV10, the port C of the second four-way valve 3 is connected with a blood outflow tube 11, and the end of the blood outflow tube 11 far away from the port C of the second four-way valve 3 is used to connect to the venous line. The port D of the second four-way valve 3 is connected to a waste liquid collection container through a waste liquid collection tube 12.

[0067] When the hemodialysis system provided by the present utility model is used for dialysis treatment, in the initial state, the first four-way valve 2 and the second four-way valve 3 both control their port A to communicate with port C and port B to communicate with port D. In this way, the blood in the arterial pipeline sequentially passes through the blood inflow pipe 5 and the pipeline I7 and enters the first blood chamber 1-a. After the blood undergoes dialysis treatment, it then sequentially passes through the pipeline III9 and the blood outflow pipe 11 and flows back into the venous pipeline. At the same time, the physiological saline in the physiological saline supply device 4 sequentially passes through the saline inflow pipe 6 and the pipeline II8 and enters the second blood chamber 1-b to flush it. The waste liquid after flushing sequentially passes through the pipeline IV10 and the waste liquid collection pipe 12 and flows into the waste liquid collection container. That is to say, at this time, the first blood chamber 1-a is in the dialysis treatment state, and the second blood chamber 1-b is in the flushing state; to reduce the coagulation risk of the first blood chamber 1-a, after a period of treatment, the first four-way valve 2 and the second four-way valve 3 both control their port A to communicate with port C and port B to communicate with port D. In this way, the blood in the arterial pipeline sequentially passes through the blood inflow pipe 5 and the pipeline II8 and enters the second blood chamber 1-b. After the blood undergoes dialysis treatment, it sequentially passes through the pipeline IV10 and the blood outflow pipe 11 and flows back into the arterial pipeline. At the same time, the physiological saline in the physiological saline supply device 4 sequentially passes through the saline inflow pipe 6 and the pipeline I7 and enters the first blood chamber 1-a to flush it. The waste liquid after flushing passes through the pipeline III9 and the waste liquid collection pipe 12 and flows into the waste liquid collection container. That is to say, at this time, the first blood chamber 1-a is in the flushing state, and the second blood chamber 1-b is in the dialysis treatment state; during the subsequent treatment process, according to the set switching time, the first four-way valve 2 and the second four-way valve 3 are alternately switched between two flow paths, namely port A communicating with port C and port B communicating with port D, and port A communicating with port D and port B communicating with port C, so that the first blood chamber 1-a and the second blood chamber 1-b alternately perform the states of one for dialysis treatment and the other for flushing, reducing the coagulation risk of the patient and prolonging the dialysis time. In summary, compared with flushing the dialyzer 1 by disconnecting the pipeline, the present application can perform dialysis treatment and flushing simultaneously without disconnecting the pipeline, reducing the workload of medical staff and the infection risk of patients.

[0068] For the specific structural embodiment 1 of the first four-way valve 2 and the second four-way valve 3, please refer to Figure 3 、 Figure 4 and Figure 7, this application provides a four-way ball valve, including valve body 1' and ball core 2. Four through holes are sequentially arranged around the circumference of valve body 1, all of which are communicated with its inner cavity. The four through holes are through hole A12' and through hole B14' that are oppositely arranged at 180°, and through hole a13' and through hole b15' that are oppositely arranged at 180°. Ball core 1', including upper sphere 21' and lower sphere 22'. The upper sphere 21' is provided with three upper flow holes that communicate with each other, and the lower sphere 22' is provided with three lower flow holes that communicate with each other. When ball core 1' rotates and is placed in the inner cavity of valve body 1', the three upper flow holes are respectively arranged corresponding to through hole A12', through hole a13', and through hole B14', and the three lower flow holes are respectively arranged corresponding to through hole A12', through hole b15', and through hole B14'.

[0069] Among them, an upper stopper 3' for blocking the flow between through hole B14' and any upper flow hole is provided in the inner cavity of valve body 1', and a lower stopper 4' for blocking the flow between through hole A12' and any lower flow hole is provided in the inner cavity of valve body 1'.

[0070] It should be noted that as Figure 3 shown, through hole A12', through hole a13', through hole B14' and through hole b15' are sequentially arranged at intervals around the circumference of valve body 1'. Through hole A12', through hole a13', through hole B14' and through hole b15' are all communicated with the inner cavity of valve body 1', and through hole A12' and through hole B14', as well as through hole a13' and through hole b15' are oppositely arranged at 180°.

[0071] Please refer to Figures 7 to 10, the ball core 2' is composed of two independent upper spheres 21' and lower spheres 22'. The first upper flow hole 211', the second upper flow hole 212' and the third upper flow hole 213' are sequentially arranged on the upper sphere 21' along the arrangement paths of the through holes A12', a13', B14' and communicate with each other. That is, the included angle between the center lines of the first upper flow hole 211' and the second upper flow hole 212' is the same as the included angle between the center lines of the through holes A12' and a13', and the included angle between the center lines of the second upper flow hole 212' and the third upper flow hole 213' is the same as the included angle between the center lines of the through holes a13' and B14'. The second upper flow hole 212' is arranged between the first upper flow hole 211' and the second upper flow hole 212' which are arranged opposite to each other at 180°. At the same time, the first lower flow hole 221', the second lower flow hole 222' and the third lower flow hole 223' are sequentially arranged on the lower sphere 22' along the arrangement paths of the through holes A12', b15', B14' and communicate with each other. That is, the included angle between the center lines of the first lower flow hole 221' and the second lower flow hole 222' is the same as the included angle between the center lines of the through holes A12' and b15', and the included angle between the center lines of the second lower flow hole 222' and the third lower flow hole 223' is the same as the included angle between the center lines of the through holes b15' and B14'. The second lower flow hole 222' is arranged between the first lower flow hole 221' and the second lower flow hole 222' which are arranged opposite to each other at 180°. In addition, since the through holes A12', a13', B14' and b15' are sequentially arranged in a circle, the first upper flow hole 211' and the first lower flow hole 221' are arranged on the front side of the ball core 2' and are arranged opposite to each other up and down, the third upper flow hole 213' and the third lower flow hole 223' are arranged on the rear side of the ball core 2' and are arranged opposite to each other up and down, and the second upper flow hole 212' and the second lower flow hole 222' are respectively arranged on the left side and the right side of the ball core 2' and are arranged up and down. Therefore, when the ball core 2' is in the first valve position, the first upper flow hole 211', the second upper flow hole 212' and the third upper flow hole 213' correspond to the through holes A12', a13', B14' one by one, as shown in Figure 9 shown. At the same time, the first lower flow hole 221', the second lower flow hole 222' and the third lower flow hole 223' correspond to the through holes A12', b15', B14' one by one, as shown in Figure 13 shown. When the ball core 2' is rotated 180° from the first valve position to the second valve position, the first upper flow hole 211', the second upper flow hole 212' and the third upper flow hole 213' correspond to the through holes B14', b15', A12' one by one, as shown in Figure 11 shown. At the same time, the first lower flow hole 221', the second lower flow hole 222' and the third lower flow hole 223' correspond to the through holes B14', a13', A12' one by one, as shown in Figure 14 shown.

[0072] Please refer to Figures 10 to 15, the inner cavity of the first valve body 1' is in sealed cooperation with the first ball core 2'. The flow of fluid between the four through holes is only realized through the upper and lower flow holes of the first ball core 2'. An upper stop block 3' is arranged at the connection between the inner cavity of the first valve body 1' and the through hole B14', and the contour dimension of the upper stop block 3' is smaller than the contour dimension of the through hole B14' to prevent blocking the fluid from entering the lower sphere 22' through the through hole B14', and the contour dimension of the upper stop block 3' is larger than the contour dimension of any upper flow hole to block the fluid from entering the upper sphere 21' through B', so that the upper sphere 21' is only filled with liquid through the through hole A12'; A lower stop block 4' is arranged at the connection between the inner cavity of the first valve body 1' and the through hole A12', and the contour dimension of the lower stop block 4' is smaller than the contour dimension of the through hole A12' to prevent blocking the fluid from entering the upper sphere 21' through the through hole A12', and the contour dimension of the lower stop block 4' is larger than the contour dimension of any lower flow hole to block the fluid from entering the lower sphere 22' through A', so that the lower sphere 22' is only filled with liquid through the through hole B14'.

[0073] The four-way ball valve with the above structure can realize the instantaneous switching of two flow paths. The first flow path is through hole A → a, through hole B → b, and the second flow path is through hole A → b, through hole B → a. The specific process of switching between the two flow paths is that both the through hole A12' and the through hole B14' are connected to the liquid inlet pipe, and both the through hole a13' and the through hole b15' are connected to the liquid outlet pipe. When the first ball core 2' is in the initial state, that is, when the first ball core 2' is in the first valve position, the first upper flow hole 211', the second upper flow hole 212', the third upper flow hole 213' correspond to the through hole A12', the through hole a13', the through hole B14' one by one, and the first lower flow hole 221', the second lower flow hole 222', the third lower flow hole 223' correspond to the through hole A12', the through hole b15', the through hole B14' one by one. At this time, the upper stop block 3' blocks the through hole B14' and the third upper flow hole 213', and the lower stop block 4' blocks the through hole A12' and the first lower flow hole 221'. The liquid enters from the through hole A12' and flows through the first upper flow hole 211' and the second upper flow hole 212' of the upper sphere 21' in sequence and then exits from the through hole a13', as Figure 10 shown. At the same time, the fluid enters from the through hole B14' and flows through the third lower flow hole 223' and the second lower flow hole 222' of the lower sphere 22' in sequence and then exits from the through hole b15', as Figure 13As shown, that is, the through hole A12' communicates with the through hole a13', and the through hole B14' communicates with the through hole b15' to form the first flow path; when the first ball core 2' is rotated counterclockwise 180° from the first valve position to the second valve position, the first upper flow hole 211', the second upper flow hole 212', the third upper flow hole 213' correspond to the through hole B14', the through hole b15', the through hole A12' one by one, and the first lower flow hole 221', the second lower flow hole 222', the third lower flow hole 223' correspond to the through hole B14', the through hole a13', the through hole A12' one by one. At this time, the upper stopper 3' blocks the through hole B14' and the first upper flow hole 211', and the lower stopper 4' blocks the through hole A12' and the third lower flow hole 223'. The liquid enters from the through hole A12' and flows through the third upper flow hole 213' and the second upper flow hole 212' of the upper sphere 21' in sequence and then exits from the through hole b15', as Figure 11 shown. At the same time, the fluid enters from the through hole B14' and flows through the first lower flow hole 221' and the second lower flow hole 222' of the lower sphere 22' in sequence and then exits from the through hole a13', as Figure 14 shown, that is, the through hole A12' communicates with the through hole b15', and the through hole B14' communicates with the through hole a13' to form the second flow path; when the first ball core 2' is rotated clockwise 180° from the second valve position, the first flow path can be switched back again. Therefore, compared with the existing four-way ball valve that realizes flow path switching by adding pipelines and switches, in this application, the flow path can be switched only by rotating the first ball core 2' by 180°, which saves costs, and the switching process does not require switching on and off the switch successively, and can realize instantaneous switching of the flow path.

[0074] To provide a valve body 1' structure with high structural strength and strong stability, on the basis of the above embodiments, please refer to Figure 4 , the valve body 1' includes an upper valve body 16' and a lower valve body 17' connected as a whole. The side edges of the upper valve body 16' and the lower valve body 17' form the through hole A12', the through hole a13', the through hole B14' and the through hole b15'. An upper valve cavity 18' and a lower valve cavity 19' are formed in the middle of the upper valve body 16' and the lower valve body 17'; among them, the upper sphere 21' is located in the upper valve cavity 18', and an upper stopper 3' is arranged at the position of the upper valve cavity 18' corresponding to the through hole B14', and its contour dimension is larger than the contour dimension of any upper flow hole and smaller than the contour dimension of the through hole B14'; the lower sphere 22' is located in the lower valve cavity 19', and a lower stopper 4' is arranged at the position of the lower valve cavity 19' corresponding to the through hole A12', and its contour dimension is larger than the contour dimension of any lower flow hole and smaller than the contour dimension of the through hole B14'.

[0075] Specifically, the upper valve body 16' and the lower valve body 17' are both composed of two arc-shaped shells intersecting in the middle, and the two are connected as an integral structure, so that the valve body 1' has good structural strength and stability. It should be noted that the specific connection method between the upper valve body 16' and the lower valve body 17' is determined by their materials. If plastic materials are used, ultrasonic welding can be adopted. If metal materials are used, through holes need to be drilled in both the upper and lower valve bodies, and then they are connected into one body by screws and nuts. In addition, the four side edges of the upper valve body 16' and the lower valve body 17' correspond to form through holes A12', through hole a13', through hole B14' and through hole b15'. An upper valve cavity 18' and a lower valve cavity 19' are formed in the middle of the upper valve body 16' and the lower valve body 17'. The upper valve cavity 18' and the lower valve cavity 19' together form the inner cavity of the valve body 1'.

[0076] In addition, the upper valve cavity 18' is provided with a sealed rotary fit with the upper sphere 21', and an upper stop block 3' is arranged at the position of the upper valve cavity 18' corresponding to the through hole B14'. The contour dimension of the upper stop block 3' is larger than the contour dimension of any upstream hole and smaller than the contour dimension of the through hole B14' to ensure that the upper sphere 21' only enters the liquid through the through hole A12'; the lower valve cavity 19' is provided with a sealed rotary fit with the lower sphere 22', and a lower stop block 4' is arranged at the position of the lower valve cavity 19' corresponding to the through hole A12'. The contour dimension of the lower stop block 4' is larger than the contour dimension of any downstream hole and smaller than the contour dimension of the through hole B14' to ensure that the lower sphere 22' only enters the liquid through the through hole B14'. In this way, the through hole A12' and the through hole B14' can be connected to different inlet pipes for conveying different liquids. The specific implementation method is that the through hole A12' is connected to the I inlet pipe, and the through hole B14' is connected to the II inlet pipe. Correspondingly, the through hole a13' is connected to the I outlet pipe, and the through hole b15' is connected to the II outlet pipe. In the first flow path, that is, through hole A → a, through hole B → b, the liquid in the I inlet pipe flows into the I outlet pipe, and the liquid in the II inlet pipe flows into the II outlet pipe. In the second flow path, that is, through hole A → b, through hole B → a, the liquid in the I inlet pipe flows into the II outlet pipe, and the liquid in the II inlet pipe flows into the I outlet pipe, so that the liquid in the I inlet pipe or the II inlet pipe has two independent conveying paths to ensure that the liquid is not mixed and polluted with other liquids.

[0077] Optionally, the length and width dimensions of the through holes A12', through hole a13', through hole B14' and through hole b15' are all the same, which is convenient for the upper valve body 16' and the lower valve body 17' to be butt-welded, improves the welding quality, and further improves the structural strength of the valve body 1.

[0078] To facilitate the control of the rotation action of the ball core 1', on the basis of the above embodiment, please refer to Figure 5 and Figure 6, there is a perforation in the middle of the upper valve body 16'. The top end of the rotating rod 5' is connected to the rotation control member 6', and the bottom end passes through the perforation and is connected to the first ball core 2'. This enables the operator to control the rotation control member 6' to drive the first ball core 2' to rotate, thereby achieving instantaneous switching of the flow path and facilitating the instantaneous switching action of the flow path.

[0079] Optionally, the rotation control member 6' is a handle, allowing the operator to manually rotate the handle to drive the first ball core 2' to rotate for instantaneous switching of the flow path. Alternatively, the rotation control member 6' is a driving motor, and the output shaft of the driving motor is connected to the top end of the rotating rod 5'. The first ball core 2' is driven to rotate by the driving motor to achieve instantaneous switching of the flow path. This method saves time and effort.

[0080] To prevent the liquid in the first valve body 1' from leaking out, based on the above embodiments, please refer to Figure 5 , there is also a gland hole coaxially connected to the perforation in the middle of the upper valve body 16'. The packing gland 7' is sleeved on the rotating rod 5' and threadedly connected to the gland hole, so that the packing gland 7' generates a pressing force with the gland hole, achieving the effect of preventing the liquid flowing through the first ball core 2' from leaking out, that is, ensuring the sealing of the first valve body 1'.

[0081] Furthermore, a sealing packing 8' is provided between the packing gland 7' and the gland hole, and / or a sealing ring 9' is provided between the rotating rod 5' and the perforation to improve the sealing performance of the first valve body 1' and prevent the liquid from leaking out, as shown in Figure 5 .

[0082] To provide a lightweight and liquid - flow - friendly structure for the first ball core 2', based on the above embodiments, please refer to Figure 6 and Figure 7 , the first ball core 2' is of a shell structure, that is, the inside of the first ball core 2' is hollow, and a horizontal partition 23' is provided inside the first ball core 2' to form an upper sphere 21' and a lower sphere 22'. Specifically, the partition 23' divides the first ball core 2' into non - communicating upper sphere 21' and lower sphere 22'. The first ball core 2' with this structure is lightweight, facilitating the rotation operation of the first ball core 2'. Moreover, both the upper and lower spheres 22' are hollow inside, which can reduce the liquid flow resistance and make the liquid flow easily.

[0083] Optionally, the contour dimensions of the three upper flow holes and the three lower flow holes are the same. When machining the first ball core 2', the upper and lower flow holes can be formed by pressing the first ball core 2' with the same hole - pressing device, which is convenient for machining and manufacturing the first ball core 2'.

[0084] To expand the flow path of the four-way ball valve of the present application, on the basis of the above embodiments, the through holes A12', a13', B14', and b15' are evenly distributed around the circumference of the valve body 1' in sequence, and the angle between the center lines of any two adjacent ones is 90°. It should be noted that at this time, the angle between the center lines of any two adjacent upper flow holes is 90°, the angle between the center lines of any two adjacent lower flow holes is 90°, and on the basis that the contour dimensions of the three upper flow holes and the three lower flow holes are the same, the three upper flow holes are rotationally symmetric up and down with the initial positions of the three lower flow holes after rotating 180° around the center of the ball core 2.

[0085] When the ball core 2' is rotated counterclockwise by 90° from the first valve position to the third valve position, the first upper flow hole 211', the second upper flow hole 212', and the third upper flow hole 213' correspond to the through holes b15', A12', and a13' one by one, and the first lower flow hole 221', the second lower flow hole 222', and the third lower flow hole 223' correspond to the through holes b15', B14', and a13' one by one. At this time, the liquid enters from the through hole A12'. Part of the liquid flows through the second upper flow hole 212' and the first upper flow hole 211' of the upper sphere 21' in sequence and then exits from the through hole b15'. Another part of the liquid flows through the second upper flow hole 212' and the third upper flow hole 213' of the upper sphere 21' in sequence and then exits from the through hole a13'. As Figure 12 shown, at the same time, the liquid enters from the through hole B14'. Part of the liquid flows through the second lower flow hole 222' and the first lower flow hole 221' of the lower sphere 22' in sequence and then exits from the through hole b15'. Another part of the liquid flows through the second lower flow hole 222' and the third lower flow hole 223' of the lower sphere 22' in sequence and then exits from the through hole a13'. As Figure 15 shown, that is, the third flow path of the through holes A→a, A→b, and the through holes B→a, B→b is formed, thereby expanding the flow path of the four-way ball valve of the present application, and further improving the applicability of the four-way ball valve of the present application to meet the requirements of various regulation working conditions.

[0086] For the specific structural embodiment two of the first four-way valve 2 and the second four-way valve 3, please refer to Figure 16 and Figure 17 , both the first four-way valve 2 and the second four-way valve 3 are four-way double-control ball valves. The four-way double-control ball valve includes a valve body two 2-1, a ball rod, and a ball core two 2-2.

[0087] Specifically, four through holes are circumferentially and spacedly arranged on the valve body two 2-1. The four through holes are arranged in a cross shape and are interconnected. A valve cavity 2-3 is formed at the cross intersection of the four through holes. It should be noted that any two opposite through holes respectively correspond to the A ports and B ports of the first four-way valve 2 and the second four-way valve 3, and the other two opposite through holes respectively correspond to the C ports and D ports of the first four-way valve 2 and the second four-way valve 3. And because the four through holes are arranged in a cross shape and are interconnected, the intersection of every two adjacent through holes forms the side wall of the valve cavity 2-3. That is, the valve cavity 2-3 has four side walls, and the four side walls are arranged in a rectangle. Every two spaced side walls and the top and bottom ends of the valve cavity 2-3 continuously form a circumferential wall, that is, a valve position of the second spherical core 2-2. There are two valve positions of the second spherical core 2-2 in the valve cavity 2-3.

[0088] The second spherical core 2-2 is in a flat spherical shape, its thickness is relatively thin and is determined according to the thickness of the side wall at the intersection of two adjacent through holes. And the second spherical core 2-2 is located in the valve cavity 2-3 and is in sealing fit with the circumferential wall of the valve cavity 2-3. That is to say, the second spherical core 2-2 can be located at any valve position of the second spherical core 2-2, that is, any two adjacent through holes can be connected and the other two through holes can be isolated. The second spherical core 2-2 is located at the bottom of the ball rod, and the top of the ball rod passes through the valve body two 2-1 and extends outside it, for driving the second spherical core 2-2 to rotate.

[0089] When the first four-way valve 2 and the second four-way valve 3 both use the four-way double-control ball valve with the above structure, in the initial state, the second spherical core 2-2 is located at the first valve position of the second spherical core 2-2. At this time, both the first four-way valve 2 and the second four-way valve 3 are in the flow path where the A port is connected to the C port and the B port is connected to the D port, as Figure 16 shown. If both the first four-way valve 2 and the second four-way valve 3 are switched to the flow path where the A port is connected to the D port and the B port is connected to the C port, only need to rotate the ball rod to drive the second spherical core 2-2 to rotate to the second valve position of the second spherical core 2-2, then the instantaneous switching of the two flow paths of the first four-way valve 2 and the second four-way valve 3 can be completed, as Figure 17 shown. It should be noted that for the traditional four-way ball valve, the A port is respectively connected to the C port and the D port through pipelines, and the B port is respectively connected to the C port and the D port through pipelines, and switches are arranged on each pipeline to realize the switching of the two flow paths. First, the pipelines between the A port and the C port and between the B port and the D port are disconnected, and then the pipelines between the A port and the D port and between the B port and the C port are opened. Therefore, compared with the traditional four-way ball valve, the first four-way valve 2 and the second four-way valve 3 of the present application can complete the instantaneous switching of the flow path, and save the pipeline and switch layout.

[0090] Further, please refer to Figure 16 or Figure 17, an arc-shaped platform 2-4 facing the valve cavity 2-3 is provided at the intersection of every two adjacent through holes, and two spaced-apart arc-shaped platforms 2-4 are arranged opposite to each other to form the side wall of the valve cavity 2-3, and then form a valve position of the second ball core 2-2 that is circumferentially sealed and adapted to the second ball core 2-2 with the two end walls of the valve cavity 2-3. Specifically, arc-shaped platforms 2-4 facing the valve cavity 2-3 are provided at the intersections of port A and port C, port C and port B, port B and port D, and port D and port A, and two spaced-apart arc-shaped platforms 2-4 are arranged opposite to each other, which is convenient for the second ball core 2-2 to be accurately positioned at the valve position of the second ball core 2-2.

[0091] To facilitate the switching of the valve position of the second ball core 2-2, on the basis of the above embodiments, the ball rods of the first four-way valve 2 and the second four-way valve 3 are both connected to motors, and each motor is signal-connected to a controller. The controller controls the rotation direction of the motor according to the set switching time to switch the valve position of the second ball core 2-2 of the first four-way valve 2 and the second four-way valve 3. Specifically, during the dialysis treatment process, the valve position of the second ball core 2-2 is switched once every 1 hour, that is, the second ball cores 2-2 of the first four-way valve 2 and the second four-way valve 3 alternately switch the first valve position of the second ball core 2-2 and the second valve position of the second ball core 2-2 at intervals of 1 hour, so as to realize the precise control of the alternative dialysis treatment and flushing of the first blood chamber 1-a and the second blood chamber 1-b.

[0092] Considering the specific structure of the dialyzer 1, on the basis of the above embodiments, please refer to Figure 2 , the dialyzer 1 includes a housing 1-1. The top and bottom ends of the housing 1-1 are both open and are respectively provided with an inlet end cover 1-2 and an outlet end cover 1-5. An inlet port a 1-3 and an inlet port b 1-4 are respectively provided on both sides of the inlet end cover 1-2, and an outlet port c 1-6 and an outlet port d 1-7 are respectively provided on both sides of the outlet end cover 1-5; a plurality of bundles of membrane filaments 1-8 are provided in the housing 1-1, and the plurality of bundles of membrane filaments 1-8 all extend from the top end of the housing 1-1 to the bottom end thereof, and a first partition 1-9 and a second partition 1-10 are respectively provided at the top and bottom ends of the housing 1-1 for separating the plurality of bundles of membrane filaments 1-8 into two parts. The top ends and bottom ends of the two parts of membrane filaments 1-8 are fixed in the housing 1-1 by potting glue with the first partition 1-9 and the second partition 1-10 respectively to form a first blood chamber 1-a and a second blood chamber; wherein, the inlet end of the first blood chamber is communicated with the inlet port a 1-3, and the outlet end is communicated with the outlet port c 1-6, and the inlet end of the second blood chamber is communicated with the inlet port b 1-4, and the outlet end is communicated with the outlet port d 1-7.

[0093] It should be noted that the facing first partition plate 1-9 and the second partition plate 1-10 divide the multiple membrane filaments 1-8 into left and right parts arranged along the width direction of the housing 1-1. The tops of the left and right part membrane filaments 1-8 and the first partition plate 1-9 are fixed to the top inside of the housing 1-1 by potting adhesive, forming an inlet liquid injection layer. The bottoms of the left and right part membrane filaments 1-8 and the second partition plate 1-10 are fixed to the bottom inside of the housing 1-1 by potting adhesive, forming an outlet liquid injection layer. Among them, the left part membrane filaments 1-8 and the inlet liquid injection layer and the outlet liquid injection layer at both ends thereof form a first blood chamber, and the right part membrane filaments 1-8 and the inlet liquid injection layer and the outlet liquid injection layer at both ends thereof form a second blood chamber. In addition, the top of the left part membrane filaments 1-8 is embedded in the inlet liquid injection layer to form the inlet end of the first blood chamber 1-a, and is communicated with the inlet port a1-3 of the inlet end cover 1-2. The inlet port a1-3 is connected to the C port of the first four-way valve 2 through the pipeline I7. The top of the right part membrane filaments 1-8 is embedded in the inlet liquid injection layer to form the inlet end of the second blood chamber 1-b, and is communicated with the inlet port b1-4 of the inlet end cover 1-2. The inlet port b1-4 is connected to the D port of the first four-way valve 2 through the pipeline II8. The bottom of the left part membrane filaments 1-8 is embedded in the outlet liquid injection layer to form the outlet end of the first blood chamber 1-a, and is communicated with the outlet port c1-6 of the outlet end cover 1-5. The outlet port c1-6 is connected to the arterial pipeline through the blood outflow pipe 11. The bottom of the right part membrane filaments 1-8 is embedded in the outlet liquid injection layer to form the outlet end of the second blood chamber 1-b, and is communicated with the outlet port d1-7 of the outlet end cover 1-5. The outlet port d1-7 is connected to the waste liquid collection container through the waste liquid collection pipe 12. In this way, blood or normal saline can be injected into the left part membrane filaments 1-8 from the inlet port a1-3 through the pipeline I7, flow through the left part membrane filaments 1-8, and then flow out of the dialyzer 1 through the outlet port c1-6 to complete the dialysis treatment or flushing of the first blood chamber 1-a; similarly, blood or normal saline can be injected into the right part membrane filaments 1-8 from the inlet port b1-4 through the II, flow through the right part membrane filaments 1-8, and then flow out of the dialyzer 1 through the outlet port d1-7 to complete the dialysis treatment or flushing of the second blood chamber 1-b.

[0094] Furthermore, please refer to Figure 2, a first sealing ring 1-11 is provided between the liquid inlet end cap 1-2 and the first partition 1-9, which is used to seal and isolate the liquid inlet a 1-3 and the liquid inlet b 1-4, so as to divide the space between the liquid inlet end cap 1-2 and the liquid inlet glue injection layer into two non-communicating parts with the first partition 1-9 as the boundary; a second sealing ring 1-12 is provided between the liquid outlet end cap 1-5 and the second partition 1-10, so as to divide the space between the liquid outlet end cap 1-5 and the liquid outlet glue injection layer into two non-communicating parts with the second partition 1-10 as the boundary. Therefore, the combined action of the first sealing ring 1-11 and the second sealing ring 1-12 can prevent the mixing of physiological saline and blood. Among them, both the first sealing ring 1-11 and the second sealing ring 1-12 adopt a horizontally placed "8" shape structure, with the middle area located between the end cap and the partition bracket, and the other areas located between the end cap and the glue injection layer.

[0095] Considering the specific structure of the physiological saline supply device 4, on the basis of the above embodiments, please refer to Figure 1 , the physiological saline supply device 4 includes a pump tube 4-1, a pump and a physiological saline reservoir. The liquid inlet end of the pump tube 4-1 is connected to the physiological saline reservoir, the liquid outlet end is connected to the B port of the first four-way valve 2, and a pump is provided on the pump tube 4-1.

[0096] Specifically, the B port of the first four-way valve 2 is connected to one end of the pump tube 4-1 through a saline inflow tube 6. The other end of the pump tube 4-1 is connected to the physiological saline reservoir, and a pump is provided on the pump tube 4-1. The pump is used to pump saline into the first blood chamber 1-a or the second blood chamber 1-b of the dialyzer, and the speed of flushing the first blood chamber 1-a or the second blood chamber 1-b with physiological saline can be controlled by controlling the rotation speed of the pump.

[0097] Optionally, please refer to Figure 1 , a puncture tube 4-2 is connected between the liquid inlet end and the pump on the pump tube 4-1. The puncture tube 4-2 is used to connect a saline bottle or a saline bag for delivering physiological saline into the dialyzer 1.

[0098] On the basis of the above embodiments, please refer to Figure 1 , the first four-way valve 2, the dialyzer 1 and the second four-way valve 3 are arranged in sequence along the same straight line, which can make the pipeline I7 and the pipeline II8 symmetric and parallel, and the pipeline III9 and the pipeline IV10 symmetric and parallel, so as to avoid the disorderly distribution of each pipeline, and further make the layout structure design of the present application reasonable.

[0099] Optionally, please refer to Figure 1, the end of the blood inflow tube 5 in the present application away from the first four-way valve 2 is connected to the arterial line through a luer connector 13; the liquid inlet end of the pump tube 4-1 is connected to the physiological saline reservoir through a luer connector 13; the liquid inlet a1-3 is connected to the line I7 through a luer connector 13, the liquid inlet b1-4 is connected to the line II8 through a luer connector 13, the liquid outlet c1-6 is connected to the line III9 through a luer connector 13, and the liquid outlet d1-7 is connected to the line IV10 through a luer connector 13; the end of the blood outflow tube 11 away from the second four-way valve 3 is connected to the arterial line through a luer connector 13; the end of the waste liquid collection tube 12 away from the second four-way valve 3 is connected to the waste liquid collection container through a luer connector 13. The luer connector 13 is used to realize the connection of each pipeline, which is convenient for connection, has good connection stability, and has good sealing, pressure resistance, corrosion resistance and other properties, ensuring safety.

[0100] It should be noted that in this specification, relational terms such as first and second are only used to distinguish one entity from several other entities, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities.

[0101] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner. Each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments. The same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referred to each other.

[0102] The hemodialysis system provided by the present utility model has been introduced in detail above. Specific examples are used herein to elaborate on the principle and implementation manner of the present utility model. The description of the above embodiments is only used to help understand the method and its core idea of the present utility model. It should be pointed out that for those of ordinary skill in the art in this technical field, without departing from the principle of the present utility model, several improvements and modifications can be made to the present utility model, and these improvements and modifications also fall within the protection scope of the claims of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A hemodialysis system, characterized in that, Comprising: A dialyzer (1), inside which there are a first blood chamber (1-a) and a second blood chamber (1-b) that are not connected to each other; A first four-way valve (2), the A port of the first four-way valve (2) is used to connect to an arterial line, the B port is connected to a physiological saline supply device (4), the C port is connected to the liquid inlet end of the first blood chamber (1-a), and the D port is connected to the liquid inlet end of the second blood chamber (1-b); A second four-way valve (3), the A port of the second four-way valve (3) is connected to the liquid outlet end of the first blood chamber (1-a), the B port is connected to the liquid outlet end of the second blood chamber (1-b), the C port is used to connect to a venous line, and the D port is connected to a waste liquid collection container; Wherein, when both the first four-way valve (2) and the second four-way valve (3) control their A ports to communicate with the C ports and their B ports to communicate with the D ports, the first blood chamber (1-a) is in a dialysis treatment state, and at the same time the second blood chamber (1-b) is in a flushing state; When both the first four-way valve (2) and the second four-way valve (3) control their A ports to communicate with the D ports and their B ports to communicate with the C ports, the first blood chamber (1-a) is in a flushing state, and at the same time the second blood chamber (1-b) is in a dialysis treatment state.

2. The hemodialysis system according to claim 1, wherein, Both the first four-way valve (2) and the second four-way valve (3) are four-way double-control ball valves, and the four-way double-control ball valve includes a valve body one (1') and a ball core one (2'); A week of the valve body one (1') is sequentially provided with four through holes all communicating with its inner cavity. The four through holes include a through hole A (12') and a through hole B (14') that are oppositely arranged at 180°, and a through hole a (13') and a through hole b (15') that are oppositely arranged at 180°; The ball core one (2') includes an upper sphere (21') and a lower sphere (22'). The upper sphere (21') is provided with three upper flow holes that communicate with each other, and the lower sphere (22') is provided with three lower flow holes that communicate with each other. When the ball core one (2') rotates and is placed in the inner cavity of the valve body one (1'), the three upper flow holes are respectively arranged corresponding to the through hole A (12'), the through hole a (13'), and the through hole B (14'), and the three lower flow holes are respectively arranged corresponding to the through hole A (12'), the through hole b (15'), and the through hole B (14'); Wherein, an upper stop block (3') for blocking the communication between the through hole B (14') and any one of the upper flow holes is provided in the inner cavity of the valve body one (1'), and a lower stop block (4') for blocking the communication between the through hole A (12') and any one of the lower flow holes is provided in the inner cavity of the valve body one (1').

3. The hemodialysis system according to claim 1, wherein Both the first four-way valve (2) and the second four-way valve (3) are four-way double-control ball valves, and the four-way double-control ball valve includes a valve body two (2-1), a ball rod, and a ball core two (2-2); Four through holes that are arranged in a circumferential interval of the valve body two (2-1) and are arranged in a cross-shaped and interconnected manner. A valve cavity (2-3) is formed at the cross intersection of the four through holes; The second ball core (2-2) is in a flat spherical shape and is in sealing fit with the inner wall of the valve cavity (2-3) around its circumference. The second ball core (2-2) is located at the bottom of the ball rod, and the top of the ball rod passes through the second valve body (2-1) and extends outside it, for driving the second ball core (2-2) to rotate so as to communicate any two adjacent through holes and isolate the other two through holes. Wherein, the A ports and B ports of the first four-way valve (2) and the second four-way valve (3) correspond to any two opposite through holes one by one, and the C ports and D ports correspond to the other two opposite through holes one by one.

4. The hemodialysis system according to claim 3, wherein An arc-shaped platform (2-4) facing the valve cavity (2-3) is provided at the intersection of every two adjacent through holes, and two spaced-apart arc-shaped platforms (2-4) are arranged oppositely to form the side wall of the valve cavity (2-3), and thus form a valve position of the second ball core (2-2) that is circumferentially sealed and adapted to the second ball core (2-2) with the two end walls of the valve cavity (2-3). Wherein, when the second ball core (2-2) is located at the first valve position of the second ball core (2-2), the A port of the first four-way valve (2) is communicated with the C port, and the B port is communicated with the D port. When the second ball core (2-2) is located at the second valve position of the second ball core (2-2), the A port of the first four-way valve (2) is communicated with the D port, and the B port is communicated with the C port.

5. The hemodialysis system according to claim 1, wherein The dialyzer (1) includes a housing (1-1). The top and bottom of the housing (1-1) are both open and are respectively provided with a liquid inlet end cover (1-2) and a liquid outlet end cover (1-5). Liquid inlet a (1-3) and liquid inlet b (1-4) are respectively provided on both sides of the liquid inlet end cover (1-2), and liquid outlet c (1-6) and liquid outlet d (1-7) are respectively provided on both sides of the liquid outlet end cover (1-5). A plurality of bundles of membrane filaments (1-8) are arranged in the housing (1-1). A plurality of bundles of the membrane filaments (1-8) all extend from the top of the housing (1-1) to its bottom. A first partition (1-9) and a second partition (1-10) are oppositely arranged at the top and bottom of the housing (1-1) for separating the plurality of membrane filaments (1-8) into two parts. The tops of the two parts of the membrane filaments (1-8) and the bottoms are fixed in the housing (1-1) with potting glue to the first partition (1-9) and the second partition (1-10) respectively, so as to form the first blood chamber (1-a) and the second blood chamber (1-b) respectively. Wherein, the liquid inlet end of the first blood chamber is communicated with the liquid inlet a (1-3), and the liquid outlet end is communicated with the liquid outlet c (1-6). The liquid inlet end of the second blood chamber (1-b) is communicated with the liquid inlet b (1-4), and the liquid outlet end is communicated with the liquid outlet d (1-7).

6. The hemodialysis system according to claim 5, wherein A first sealing ring (1-11) is provided between the liquid inlet end cover (1-2) and the first partition (1-9); a second sealing ring (1-12) is provided between the liquid outlet end cover (1-5) and the second partition (1-10).

7. The hemodialysis system according to claim 1, wherein The saline supply device (4) includes a pump tube (4-1), a pump, and a saline reservoir. The inlet end of the pump tube (4-1) is connected to the saline reservoir, and the outlet end is connected to port B of the first four-way valve (2). A pump is provided on the pump tube (4-1).

8. The hemodialysis system according to claim 7, characterized in that, A puncture tube (4-2) is connected between the inlet end of the pump tube (4-1) and the pump on the pump tube (4-1). The puncture tube (4-2) is used to connect a saline bottle or a saline bag.

9. The hemodialysis system according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that, The first four-way valve (2), the dialyzer (1), and the second four-way valve (3) are arranged in sequence along the same straight line.

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