Straw treatment unit with high straw slag utilization rate and ratooning rice harvesting equipment

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of rice planting and harvesting equipment, and particularly relates to a straw treatment unit with a high straw slag utilization rate and ratooning rice harvesting equipment. The utility model provides a straw processing unit with a high straw disintegrating slag utilization rate, which comprises a base, an elastic piece arranged at the upper end of the base, a bearing table arranged at the upper end of the elastic piece, and a screening device arranged on the bearing table and used for processing straw disintegrating slag, the screening device comprises a screening disc arranged on the bearing table and used for receiving the straw disintegrating slag, a baffle arranged on the surface of the screening disc and used for adjusting the size of screening holes, and a driving piece arranged at the side end of the baffle and used for driving the baffle to move along the surface of the screening disc. Therefore, the straw treatment unit can control the spreading speed and spreading quantity of straw disintegrating slag, later-stage regrowth of ratooning rice can be better promoted according to actual conditions, spreading is even and stable, and meanwhile the utilization rate of the straw disintegrating slag is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of rice planting and harvesting equipment, and particularly relates to a straw treatment unit with high straw residue utilization rate and a ratooning rice harvesting equipment. Background Technique

[0002] Ratooning rice is a mode of rice planting with a long planting history in China. The harvesting operation of ratooning rice is different from that of traditional single-season rice. When harvesting ratooning rice, only the upper 2 / 3 of the rice plant is cut off to harvest the rice ears, leaving 1 / 3 of the plant and roots. After fertilization and cultivation, it can grow another season of rice. When the first season of rice matures, there will be some axillary buds, which are retained after harvesting. Based on the original root system, these axillary buds grow and spike again. After about 2 months, they mature again and can be harvested. This planting form is of great significance for increasing the per-mu yield of grain. In the actual process of planting ratooning rice, in order to make full use of the straw residues obtained by crushing and turn them into straw fertilizers that can be returned to the field, some ratooning rice harvesting equipment will also choose to directly sprinkle and discharge these residues into the field.

[0003] A Chinese invention patent with the patent publication number CN115088470A and the publication date of September 23, 2022, discloses a large-scale integrated crop combine harvester, including a combine harvester body. A straw conveying pipe is arranged inside the combine harvester body. The right side of the straw conveying pipe is fixedly connected with a straw crushing bin. A straw crushing rod is movably sleeved inside the straw crushing bin. A blanking port is opened at the bottom of the straw crushing bin, and the bottom of the blanking port communicates with a straw blowing bin.

[0004] The general usage method and advantages of the large-scale integrated crop combine harvester in this Chinese invention patent are as follows: By setting up a straw crushing bin, the driving motor drives the driving gear to rotate, and then the driving gear drives the straw crushing rod to rotate, so that the straw crushing rod drives the crushing blade to rotate, which is convenient for crushing the straw, reducing the volume of the straw, and avoiding the large pieces of straw after straw returning affecting the subsequent rotary tillage of the field.

[0005] However, in the actual use process of the large-scale integrated crop combine harvester, there are at least the following deficiencies, that is, the technical problems to be solved by the present utility model: Due to the fluctuating changes in the rates of harvesting rice and threshing, or the working fluctuations of the straw discharging mechanism, the sizes of the straw residues in the paddy field are extremely different, which in turn leads to uneven sprinkling of the straw residues, easily causing some straw residues to not be fully crushed, decomposed and converted into straw fertilizers, and also easily causing excessive straw fertilizers in some local areas to damage the plants, while very little straw fertilizers are obtained by the plants in other local positions, thus unable to play a role in promoting growth.

[0006] Therefore, in summary, there is an urgent need for a straw treatment unit and a harvesting device that can evenly and sufficiently spread straw residues into the fields to better promote the late growth of ratooning rice to solve such problems. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The utility model provides a straw treatment unit with high straw residue utilization rate, including a base, an elastic member arranged at the upper end of the base, a bearing platform arranged at the upper end of the elastic member, and a screening device arranged on the bearing platform for treating straw residues. The screening device includes a sieve plate arranged on the bearing platform for receiving the straw residues, a baffle arranged on the surface of the sieve plate for adjusting the size of the sieve holes, and a driving member arranged at the side end of the baffle for driving the baffle to move along the surface of the sieve plate, so that: the straw treatment unit provided by the utility model can control the spreading rate and spreading amount of straw residues, can better promote the late growth of ratooning rice according to actual conditions, and improves the utilization rate of straw residues while spreading evenly and stably.

[0008] The technical solution adopted by the utility model to solve the above problems is: a straw treatment unit with high straw residue utilization rate, including a base, an elastic member arranged at the upper end of the base, a bearing platform arranged at the upper end of the elastic member, and a screening device arranged on the bearing platform and used for treating straw residues; the screening device includes a sieve plate arranged on the bearing platform for receiving the straw residues, sieve holes arranged on the sieve plate, a baffle arranged on the surface of the sieve plate for adjusting the size of the sieve holes, and a driving member arranged at the side end of the baffle for driving the baffle to move along the surface of the sieve plate.

[0009] A further preferred technical solution lies in that: the driving member includes a first groove arranged at the side end of the sieve plate, a threaded shaft with both ends rotatably connected to the first groove respectively, a first moving block slidably connected in the first groove and screwed to the threaded shaft, a connecting plate arranged on the first moving block and connected to the baffle, and a rotary motor arranged at the end of the threaded shaft for driving the threaded shaft to rotate.

[0010] A further preferred technical solution lies in that: the driving member further includes a protrusion arranged at the side end of the first moving block, and a slot arranged on the inner side wall of the first groove and slidably connected to the protrusion.

[0011] A further preferred technical solution lies in that: the driving member further includes a second groove arranged at the side end of the sieve plate and arranged parallel to the first groove relatively, and a second moving block slidably connected in the second groove and connected to the baffle.

[0012] A further preferred technical solution is that: it further includes a vibration motor arranged on the bearing platform and used for driving the screening device to vibrate.

[0013] A further preferred technical solution is that: the screening device further includes a discharge hopper arranged below the sieve tray and connected to the bearing platform, and a connecting piece arranged on the sieve tray and connected to the discharge hopper.

[0014] A further preferred technical solution is that: the connecting piece includes a connecting rod arranged on the outer side wall of the sieve tray and connected to the discharge hopper, and a splash-proof pipe arranged at the lower end of the sieve tray and connected to the upper port of the discharge hopper.

[0015] A further preferred technical solution is that: the screening device further includes a barrier arranged on the periphery of the sieve tray; the barrier includes a baffle arranged around the sieve tray, and a through groove arranged on the baffle for the first moving block or the second moving block to pass through.

[0016] A further preferred technical solution is that: the barrier further includes bristles arranged in the through groove.

[0017] A regenerative rice harvesting device includes the straw treatment unit with high straw residue utilization rate as described in any one of the above. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 is the overall schematic diagram of the device of the present utility model;

[0019] Figure 2 is the partial side view of the screening device of the present utility model;

[0020] Figure 3 is the partial top view of the screening device of the present utility model;

[0021] Figure 4 is the front view of the screening device of the present utility model;

[0022] Figure 5 is the side view of the barrier of the present utility model.

[0023] In the figure, the meanings of the following reference numerals are as follows:

[0024] Straw residue a;

[0025] Base 1, elastic member 2, bearing platform 3, screening device 4, vibration motor 5;

[0026] Sieve tray 41, sieve holes 42, baffle 43, driving member 44, discharge hopper 45, connecting piece 46, barrier 47;

[0027] The first groove 441, threaded shaft 442, first moving block 443, connecting plate 444, rotating motor 445, protrusion 446, slot 447, second groove 448, second moving block 449, connecting rod 461, splash-proof pipe 462, baffle plate 471, through slot 472, and brush bristles 473. Detailed implementation mode

[0028] The following will describe in detail the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the scope of the present invention.

[0029] In this specification, the orientation terms such as up, down, left, right, front, back, front side, back side, top, and bottom, which are mentioned or may be mentioned, are defined with respect to the structures shown in the respective drawings. The terms "inner" and "outer" respectively refer to the directions towards or away from the geometric center of a specific component. They are relative concepts and may therefore change accordingly depending on their different positions and usage states. Therefore, these or other orientation terms should not be construed as restrictive terms.

[0030] Embodiment 1

[0031] As shown in the attached Figures 1-5 drawing, a straw treatment unit with a high utilization rate of straw residue includes a base 1, an elastic member 2 provided at the upper end of the base 1, a bearing platform 3 provided at the upper end of the elastic member 2, and a screening device 4 provided on the bearing platform 3 and used for treating straw residue a; the screening device 4 includes a sieve plate 41 provided on the bearing platform 3 for receiving the straw residue a, sieve holes 42 provided on the sieve plate 41, a baffle 43 provided on the surface of the sieve plate 41 for adjusting the size of the sieve holes 42, and a driving member 44 provided at the side end of the baffle 43 for driving the baffle 43 to move along the surface of the sieve plate 41.

[0032] In this embodiment, the general usage method of the straw treatment unit is as follows:

[0033] The carrier table 3 is installed at the rear position of the equipment through the base 1 and the elastic members 2. A screening device 4 is provided on the carrier table 3. The upper part of the screening device 4 is connected to the discharge pipe of the threshing and sorting system. A vacuum pump device is installed in the discharge pipe to discharge the straw residue a to the screening device 4. The screening device 4 is used to receive the crushed straw residue a and perform screening and discharging; the base 1 includes a plurality of base columns vertically arranged on the equipment, and an elastic member 2 extending and connected to the bottom of the carrier table 3 is installed at the top of each base column. The elastic member 2 is preferably a spring, so that the carrier table 3 and the screening device 4 fixed on the carrier table 3 can vibrate vertically up and down and swing horizontally left and right during the movement of the equipment, avoiding the straw residue a from staying on the surface of the screening device 4. Moreover, the elastic member 2 can also, to a certain extent, reduce the problem that the vibration occurring on the carrier table 3 is conducted to the main body of the harvesting equipment, effectively reducing the possibility of connection failure between components, and at the same time improving the reliability of the equipment during use; the sieve tray 41 of the screening device 4 is arranged below the discharge pipe, and the straw residue a naturally falls into the sieve tray 41 by gravity. A baffle 43 is arranged on the surface of the sieve tray 41. The baffle 43 is driven by a driving member 44 to move to change the position of the baffle 43 relative to the surface of the sieve tray 41. Leak holes with a diameter not less than the sieve holes 42 are formed in the baffle 43. When the baffle 43 moves to make the leak holes overlap with the sieve holes 42, the sieve holes 42 are completely opened, and the straw residue a naturally falls through the sieve holes 42. When the baffle 43 moves to make the leak holes partially overlap with the sieve holes 42, the size of the sieve holes is reduced. Therefore, the size of the sieve holes 42 can be realized by moving the baffle 43, so as to achieve more precise control of the falling of the straw residue, enabling the equipment to control the more appropriate amount of straw residue to be spread according to the growth characteristics of different ratooning rice plants and also according to its actual most suitable straw fertilizer conversion period, and being more adaptable to different actual ratooning rice planting and harvesting scenarios.

[0034] As a preference of this embodiment, the driving member 44 includes a first groove 441 arranged at the side end of the sieve tray 41, a threaded shaft 442 rotatably connected to the first groove 441 at both ends, a first moving block 443 slidably connected in the first groove 441 and screwed to the threaded shaft 442, a connecting plate 444 arranged on the first moving block 443 and connected to the baffle 43, a rotary motor 445 arranged at the end of the threaded shaft 442 for driving the threaded shaft 442 to rotate, a protrusion 446 arranged at the side end of the first moving block 443, a slot 447 arranged on the inner side wall of the first groove 441 and slidably connected to the protrusion 446, a second groove 448 arranged at the side end of the sieve tray 41 and arranged parallel to the first groove 441, and a second moving block 449 slidably connected in the second groove 448 and connected to the baffle 43.

[0035] In this embodiment, the driving member 44 is disposed on the side end of the sieve plate 41. A first mounting table is provided at the side end, and a first groove 441 is formed on the first mounting table. Both ends of the threaded shaft 442 are respectively connected to the upper and lower ends of the first groove 441. By driving the threaded shaft 442 to rotate forward or backward through the rotating motor 445, the first moving block 443 penetrating and screwed on the threaded shaft 442 moves up and down along the threaded shaft 442, thereby driving the connecting plate 444 connected to the baffle 43 to move. To further stabilize the sliding of the first moving block 443 in the first groove 441, protrusions 446 are provided on both sides of the first moving block 443, and slots 447 adapted to the protrusions 446 are provided on the inner walls of both sides of the first groove 441; when the first moving block 443 moves, to stabilize the movement state of the baffle 43, the other end of the baffle 43 moves synchronously. A second mounting table is provided at the other side end of the baffle opposite to the first groove 441, and a second groove 448 is formed on the second mounting table. The second moving block 449 connected to the other side end of the baffle 43 slides synchronously in the second groove 448. To enhance stability, a sliding rod for penetrating the second moving block 449 may be provided in the second groove 448, and a second slot may be formed on the inner side wall of the second groove 448. A second protrusion slidably connected to the second slot is provided at the side end of the second moving block 449.

[0036] As a preference of this embodiment, the screening device 4 further includes a barrier member 47 disposed on the peripheral side of the sieve plate 41; the barrier member 47 includes a partition plate 471 disposed around the sieve plate 41, a through groove 472 formed on the partition plate 471 for allowing the first moving block 443 or the second moving block 449 to pass through, and bristles 473 disposed in the through groove 472.

[0037] In this embodiment, to prevent the straw debris a from falling outside the sieve plate 41, a barrier member 47 is disposed around the sieve plate 41 to regulate and guide the direction of the straw debris a. It includes a partition plate 471 vertically disposed on the peripheral side of the sieve plate. The through groove 472 is disposed at the lower end of the partition plate through which the moving block passes. To prevent the straw debris a from splashing from the through groove 472 towards the driving member 44, bristles 473 are disposed in the through groove 472 to block the straw debris a.

[0038] As a preference of this embodiment, the straw processing unit further includes a vibration motor 5 disposed on the carrier 3 for driving the screening device 4 to vibrate.

[0039] In this embodiment, the vibration motor 5 is preferably an eccentric vibration motor. Specifically, the eccentric vibration motor includes a set or a series of eccentric counterweights, which are fixedly connected to the rotating output shaft of the motor at one point. It should be noted that when setting the motor, the axis of rotation of the output shaft, i.e., the eccentric counterweight, extends horizontally, but the center of gravity of the eccentric counterweight does not coincide with the axis of rotation. At this time, when the motor rotates at a certain speed, the part above the elastic member 2 will vibrate up and down with the rotation of the eccentric counterweight due to the up and down movement of the overall center of gravity. As a result, the screening device 4 not only vibrates up and down but also sways left and right. Therefore, during this process, the straw residues will jump up and down and left and right relative to the sieve plate, instead of accumulating locally on the sieve plate, but will be spread evenly on the entire sieve plate, effectively avoiding the occurrence of sieve hole blockage and improving the screening efficiency. The above structure of the vibration motor is known to those skilled in the art, so it will not be elaborated in this embodiment.

[0040] As a preference of this embodiment, the screening device 4 further includes a discharge hopper 45 disposed below the sieve plate 41 and connected to the carrier 3, and a connecting member 46 disposed on the sieve plate 41 and connected to the discharge hopper 45; the connecting member 46 includes a connecting rod 461 disposed on the outer side wall of the sieve plate 41 and connected to the discharge hopper 45, and a splash-proof pipe 462 disposed at the lower end of the sieve plate 41 and connected to the upper port of the discharge hopper 45.

[0041] In this embodiment, the discharge hopper 45 is disposed at the lower end of the sieve plate 41 to guide the straw residues a to be discharged downward to the ground. The connecting rod 461 causes the sieve plate 41 and the hopper 45 to vibrate synchronously. The splash-proof pipe 462 connects the bottom of the sieve plate 41 and the upper end of the hopper 45 to prevent the straw residues a from splashing randomly, resulting in waste and pollution. The splash-proof pipe 462 is preferably made of a flexible material, such as a corrugated pipe, to avoid connection failure caused by vibration.

[0042] Compared with the prior art, the technical solution of this embodiment has the following advantages: The straw treatment unit does not directly sprinkle the straw residues after being processed by the threshing and sorting system into the paddy field. That is, between the crushing treatment stage and the discharging stage, an additional process for controlling the discharging rate of the straw residues is added. It can adjust the fertilization efficiency of the recycled straw re-entering the fertilizer according to the growth characteristics of different ratooning rice plants and different on-site actual situations, and make the fertilization process more uniform during sowing, avoiding the problem of uneven growth in the paddy field caused by straw caking, and overall improving the utilization rate of straw residues.

[0043] In the actual application process, after the straw residue is first carried by the sieve plate, it is discharged at a rate related to the degree of screening vibration, avoiding directly discharging the straw residue downward into the paddy field and achieving the control of the discharge flow rate. Similarly, when the harvesting speed of the ratooning rice harvesting equipment is slow, although the amount of straw residue entering the straw residue treatment system from the threshing and sorting system is reduced within a certain period of time, due to a certain amount of straw residue reserved on the sieve plate of the vibrating screening device, the discharge rate of the straw residue entering the field can still be controlled not to drop immediately within a short period of time, making the overall discharge rate of the straw residue in the paddy field more uniform and facilitating the subsequent promotion of the conversion of straw fertilizer and a series of other overall large-scale treatments.

[0044] Embodiment 2

[0045] This embodiment provides a ratooning rice harvesting equipment, which includes any one of the straw treatment units with high straw residue utilization rate described in Embodiment 1.

[0046] In this embodiment, the ratooning rice harvesting equipment further includes a cutter bar, a conveying system, a threshing and sorting system, a grain tank, and a grain unloading pipeline. The straw treatment unit is arranged at the rear of the whole machine, and its front end is connected to the rear end of the threshing and sorting system. The cutter bar is located at the most prominent front end position of the equipment, used to cut the rice in the paddy field at a height of about two-thirds from top to bottom, and can transmit the harvested stem segments containing both straw and rice grains inward to the conveying system pipeline, and then the conveying system transports this part of the stem to the threshing and sorting system. At this time, under the treatment of the threshing and sorting system, the rice grains in the stem are separated from the stem segments of the plant; the threshed rice grains will be transported to the inside of the grain tank connected with an outward-extending grain unloading pipeline under the action of another part of the conveying system, and the straw part separated from the rice grains will be cut and divided by the blades in the threshing and sorting system into straw residues and transported to the straw treatment unit at the rear. Of course, a chassis for bearing is installed below the main body of the equipment, a cab for the operator to sit is arranged on one side of the main body of the equipment, and a crawler drive system is installed on both sides below the chassis. Here, the outside of the right narrow crawler is flush with the outside of the cutter bar, which can effectively reduce the damage to the ratooning rice.

[0047] The above has described in detail the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. Within the knowledge scope of those of ordinary skill in the art in the technical field, various modifications can be made without departing from the purpose of the present invention. These are all non-creative modifications and are protected by the patent law as long as they are within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A straw treatment unit with high utilization rate of straw residue, characterized in that: It includes a base (1), an elastic member (2) provided at the upper end of the base (1), a carrier table (3) provided at the upper end of the elastic member (2), and a screening device (4) provided on the carrier table (3) and used for processing straw residues (a); the screening device (4) includes a sieve tray (41) provided on the carrier table (3) for receiving the straw residues (a), sieve holes (42) provided on the sieve tray (41), a baffle (43) provided on the surface of the sieve tray (41) for adjusting the size of the sieve holes (42), and a driving member (44) provided at the side end of the baffle (43) for driving the baffle (43) to move along the surface of the sieve tray (41).

2. The straw treatment unit with a high utilization rate of straw residue according to claim 1, characterized in that: The driving member (44) includes a first groove (441) provided at the side end of the sieve tray (41), a threaded shaft (442) rotatably connected to the first groove (441) at both ends, a first moving block (443) slidably connected in the first groove (441) and screwed to the threaded shaft (442), a connecting plate (444) provided on the first moving block (443) and connected to the baffle (43), and a rotary motor (445) provided at the end of the threaded shaft (442) for driving the threaded shaft (442) to rotate.

3. The straw treatment unit with a high utilization rate of straw residue according to claim 2, characterized in that: The driving member (44) further includes a protrusion (446) provided at the side end of the first moving block (443), and a slot (447) provided on the inner side wall of the first groove (441) and slidably connected to the protrusion (446).

4. A straw treatment unit with a high utilization rate of straw residue and slag, characterized in that: The driving member (44) further includes a second groove (448) provided at the side end of the sieve tray (41) and arranged parallel to the first groove (441), and a second moving block (449) slidably connected in the second groove (448) and connected to the baffle (43).

5. The straw treatment unit with a high utilization rate of straw residue and dregs according to claim 1, characterized in that: It further includes a vibration motor (5) provided on the carrier table (3) for driving the screening device (4) to vibrate.

6. A straw treatment unit with a high utilization rate of straw residue and slag, characterized in that: The screening device (4) further includes a discharge hopper (45) provided below the sieve tray (41) and connected to the carrier table (3), and a connecting member (46) provided on the sieve tray (41) and connected to the discharge hopper (45).

7. The straw treatment unit with a high utilization rate of straw residue and dregs according to claim 6, characterized in that: The connecting member (46) includes a connecting rod (461) provided on the outer side wall of the sieve tray (41) and connected to the discharge hopper (45), and a splash-proof pipe (462) provided at the lower end of the sieve tray (41) and connected to the upper port of the discharge hopper (45).

8. The straw treatment unit with high straw residue utilization rate according to claim 4, characterized in that: The screening device (4) further includes a barrier member (47) provided on the periphery of the sieve tray (41); the barrier member (47) includes a baffle plate (471) provided around the sieve tray (41), and a through groove (472) provided on the baffle plate (471) for allowing the first moving block (443) or the second moving block (449) to pass through.

9. A straw treatment unit with a high utilization rate of straw residues as claimed in claim 8, characterized in that: The barrier member (47) further includes bristles (473) provided in the through groove (472).

10. A ratooning rice harvesting device, characterized in that: A straw treatment unit with a high utilization rate of straw residues as described in any one of claims 1 to 9.

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