Valve body automatic centering structure and valve body indexing chuck applying same

Abstract

The utility model provides an automatic centering structure and a valve body indexing chuck applying the same. The automatic centering structure comprises a lower positioning plate for longitudinally limiting a valve body blank and an automatic centering assembly for transversely centering and positioning the valve body blank, the automatic centering assembly is driven by a telescopic device to move vertically relative to the lower positioning plate. The automatic centering assembly comprises a positioning block connected with the telescopic device, a first connecting rod and a second connecting rod, the first connecting rod and the second connecting rod are in axial sliding fit, an elastic piece is arranged between the first connecting rod and the second connecting rod, and the outer end of the first connecting rod and the outer end of the second connecting rod are each provided with a guide face. The automatic centering structure provided by the technical scheme can automatically center and position a valve body blank when the valve body blank is clamped, so that the valve body blank can be quickly and accurately positioned; the automatic centering structure is applied to an indexing chuck for clamping a valve body, automatic centering of a valve body blank can be achieved, multi-station machining is achieved through one-time clamping, and the problems of multiple times of alignment, multiple times of disassembly and assembly and inaccurate positioning in valve body machining are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the field of tooling fixtures and the field of valve body processing technology, and specifically relates to an automatic centering structure and a valve body indexing chuck applying the same. Background Art

[0002] For T-shaped valves, when machining different machining surfaces, ordinary three-jaw and four-jaw chucks need to disassemble, clamp, and align the valve body multiple times, which seriously affects the machining efficiency.

[0003] An indexing chuck is a special chuck that can achieve one-time clamping of a polyhedron and automatically complete the turning and milling compound machining of multiple surfaces. The design of this chuck is mainly to process multi-sided complex parts. Through one-time clamping, automatic indexing is achieved, and multi-sided transposition and multi-process turning machining are performed on the workpiece. The indexing chuck can integrate the original multi-process dispersed machining process into a centralized machining process. Typical products processed using an indexing chuck include cross shafts, valve parts, tees, etc.; by using the indexing chuck, the machining efficiency can be significantly improved and the production process can be optimized.

[0004] When using an indexing chuck, it is necessary to position the valve body in the horizontal (x), vertical (y), and vertical (z) directions, as well as the x-axis rotation, y-axis rotation, and z-axis rotation orientations to ensure the machining accuracy during machining. Refer to the attached Figure 2 , the valve body blank is placed on the V-shaped positioning block. The V-shaped positioning block restricts the valve body blank 2 from translating along the y-axis, translating along the z-axis, rotating around the y-axis, and rotating around the z-axis. And because the side protrusion of the valve body contacts the upper plane of the V-shaped positioning block, it restricts the valve body from rotating around the x-axis. However, the translation of the valve body blank along the x-axis is not well restricted and positioned, and the part precision requires complete positioning, resulting in under-positioning, which will cause uneven wall thickness after workpiece machining, uneven thickness of the two connecting parts 21 (connecting flanges) on both sides of the valve body blank, and uneven thickness on both sides of the valve port side wall 22, resulting in insufficient pressure resistance at the thin part and a high defect rate of the parts.

[0005] Therefore, the inventor of the present invention relates to an automatic centering structure of a tooling fixture, which automatically centers and positions the valve body blank during clamping, making its positioning fast and accurate; applying this automatic centering structure to the indexing chuck for clamping the valve body to achieve automatic centering, and realizing multi-station machining through one-time clamping, so as to solve the problems of multiple alignments, multiple disassembly and assembly, and inaccurate positioning during valve body machining. Summary of the Utility Model

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the disadvantages and deficiencies existing in the prior art, and provide an automatic centering structure and a valve body indexing chuck applying the same. The technical solutions adopted by the present invention are as follows:

[0007] An automatic centering structure includes a lower positioning plate for longitudinally limiting a valve body blank and an automatic centering assembly for laterally centering and positioning the valve body blank (here, the "valve body blank" is replaced with a similar-shaped T-shaped structural member of the same kind, which belongs to equivalent replacement and is still within the protection scope of the present utility model);

[0008] The automatic centering assembly is driven by a telescopic device to perform a vertical displacement relative to the lateral center position of the lower positioning plate; the automatic centering assembly includes a positioning block connected to the telescopic device, a first connecting rod and a second connecting rod connected to the positioning block. An elastic member is arranged between the first connecting rod and the second connecting rod. The first connecting rod and / or the second connecting rod are axially slidably matched and the force is transmitted to the elastic member; guiding surfaces are arranged at the outer ends of the first connecting rod and the second connecting rod, and the guiding surfaces are arc surfaces or inclined surfaces;

[0009] The telescopic device drives the automatic centering assembly to perform a vertical displacement relative to the lower positioning plate, so that the automatic centering assembly has a first positioning position where a certain guiding surface of it abuts against the valve body blank until the guiding surfaces of the first connecting rod and the second connecting rod both abut against both sides of the valve body blank.

[0010] Preferably, the first connecting rod and the second connecting rod are coaxially sleeved, and the first connecting rod and the second connecting rod cooperate to form limiting stepped surfaces on both sides of the elastic member, so that the elastic member is limited between the first connecting rod and the second connecting rod and drives the two rods to displace relative to each other; one implementation manner can be: the elastic member is a spring, and the spring is sleeved between the two limiting stepped surfaces of the first connecting rod and / or the second connecting rod.

[0011] Preferably, a first through hole is arranged on the positioning block, and the first connecting rod and / or the second connecting rod pass through the first through hole to radially limit the first connecting rod and / or the second connecting rod.

[0012] Preferably, the first connecting rod and the second connecting rod are respectively hinged to the upper positioning ends of a first cantilever and a second cantilever, and the lower positioning ends of the first cantilever and the second cantilever far from the first connecting rod and the second connecting rod are hinged to the positioning block; the guiding surfaces are located on the outer sides of the upper positioning ends of the first and second cantilevers and protrude from the first connecting rod and the second connecting rod.

[0013] Preferably, the first cantilever and the second cantilever are also provided with positioning surfaces. When the automatic centering assembly is in the first positioning position, the positioning surfaces are non-abuttingly matched with the upper surface of the valve body blank; the telescopic device drives the automatic centering assembly to continue to move downward from the first positioning position until the valve body blank abuts against the positioning surfaces, and the first cantilever and the second cantilever rotate around the hinge axis of their lower positioning ends to make their upper positioning ends approach each other, so that the automatic centering assembly further has a second positioning position where the first connecting rod and the second connecting rod compress the elastic member, and further separate the guiding surfaces from both sides of the valve body blank.

[0014] Further, an installation groove is provided on the positioning block, and the lower positioning ends of the first cantilever and the second cantilever extend into the installation groove and are hinged to the positioning block.

[0015] One implementation manner may be: the above-mentioned first connecting rod, second connecting rod, first cantilever, and second cantilever are hinged and fixed by bolts and hinge shafts, and a double-ear lock washer is provided at the bolt to prevent the bolt from loosening, thereby ensuring stable installation.

[0016] Preferably, a V-shaped card slot is provided on the lower positioning plate, and the V-shaped card slot limits the longitudinal position of the valve body blank. The lower positioning plate and the positioning block cooperate to limit the vertical position of the valve body blank.

[0017] In a second aspect, a valve body indexing chuck is provided, which applies the above automatic centering structure.

[0018] Preferably, the valve body indexing chuck includes a chuck body, an upper positioning seat and a lower positioning seat arranged in the chuck body. The upper positioning seat is connected to a telescopic device and an automatic centering component, and an indexing device is arranged on the lower positioning seat and is connected to the lower positioning plate.

[0019] Further, the telescopic device includes a hydraulic cylinder and a hydraulic rod. The telescopic device is connected to the positioning block through a positioning screw, and two positioning screws are arranged on the longitudinal sides of the first connecting rod and the second connecting rod.

[0020] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: The automatic centering structure provided by this technical solution can automatically center and position the valve body blank during clamping, making the positioning fast and accurate; applying this automatic centering structure to the indexing chuck for clamping the valve body can realize automatic centering of the valve body blank, and multi-station processing can be achieved through one clamping, so as to solve the problems of multiple alignments, multiple dismountings, and inaccurate positioning in valve body processing. Description of the Drawings

[0021] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the following drawings are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, obtaining other drawings based on these drawings still belongs to the scope of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 1 Three-dimensional external view of the valve body indexing chuck equipped with the automatic centering structure;

[0023] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the cooperation between the automatic centering structure and the valve body blank in Embodiment 1 (the first positioning position);

[0024] Figure 3 Explosion schematic diagram of the automatic centering structure and the valve body blank in Embodiment 1 (first positioning position);

[0025] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the valve body blank structure in Embodiment 1;

[0026] Figure 5 Explosion diagram of the automatic centering component in Embodiment 1;

[0027] Figure 6 Cross-sectional view of the automatic centering component in Embodiment 1 (first positioning position);

[0028] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the cooperation between the automatic centering structure and the valve body blank in Embodiment 1 (second positioning position);

[0029] Figure 8 Cross-sectional view of the automatic centering component in Embodiment 1 (second positioning position);

[0030] Figure 9 Schematic diagram of the states of the first cantilever and the second cantilever in the first positioning position in Embodiment 1;

[0031] Figure 10 Schematic diagram of the states of the first cantilever and the second cantilever in the second positioning position in Embodiment 1;

[0032] Figure 11 Cross-sectional view of the cooperation state between the valve body indexing chuck and the valve body blank in Embodiment 2;

[0033] Figure 12 Another-angle cross-sectional view of the cooperation state between the valve body indexing chuck and the valve body blank in Embodiment 2;

[0034] In the figure, 101 - fixture body, 1 - lower positioning plate, 2 - valve body blank, 21 - valve body connection part, 211 - draft angle, 22 - valve port side wall, 3 - telescopic device, 31 - hydraulic rod, 41 - upper positioning seat, 42 - lower positioning seat, 51 - first connecting rod, 501 - guiding surface, 502 - double-ear stop washer, 503 - positioning surface, 511 - first cantilever, 52 - second connecting rod, 521 - second cantilever, 53 - positioning block, 531 - first through hole, 532 - installation groove, 533 - positioning screw, 54 - elastic member, 55 - threaded section, 56 - nut, 57 - limiting protrusion. Detailed implementation manners

[0035] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0036] It should be noted that in the embodiments of the present invention, all expressions using "first" and "second" are for distinguishing two entities or parameters with the same name but different identities. It can be seen that "first" and "second" are only for the convenience of expression and should not be construed as a limitation on the embodiments of the present invention. This will not be elaborated one by one in the subsequent embodiments.

[0037] The directional and positional terms mentioned in the present invention, such as "up", "down", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "inside", "outside", "top", "bottom", "side", etc., are only with reference to the directions or positions in the attached drawings. Therefore, the directional and positional terms used are for explaining and understanding the present invention, rather than a limitation on the protection scope of the present invention.

[0038] Embodiment 1

[0039] As Figures 2 - 7 shown, an automatic centering structure includes a lower positioning plate 1 for longitudinally (in the y direction in the figure) limiting a valve body blank 2 and an automatic centering component for laterally (in the x direction in the figure) centering and positioning the valve body blank 2. Here, the "valve body blank" is replaced with a similar-shaped T-shaped structural part of the same kind, which belongs to equivalent replacement and still falls within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0040] The automatic centering component is driven by a telescopic device 3 to perform a vertical (in the z direction in the figure) displacement relative to the lateral center position of the lower positioning plate 1. Both sides of the lower positioning plate 1 are provided with V-shaped card slots, and the V-shaped card slots limit the valve body blank 2 longitudinally. The lateral center position of the lower positioning plate 1 is located in the middle of a pair of V-shaped card slots. The automatic centering component includes a positioning block 53 connected to the telescopic device 3, a first connecting rod 51 connected to the positioning block 53, and a second connecting rod 52. An elastic member 54 is arranged between the first connecting rod 51 and the second connecting rod 52. The axial force of the first connecting rod 51 and / or the second connecting rod 52 is transmitted to the elastic member 54, causing the elastic member 54 to be compressed to change the relative positions of the first connecting rod 51 and the second connecting rod 52. Guide surfaces 501 are arranged at the outer ends of the first connecting rod 51 and the second connecting rod 52. The guide surfaces 501 are arc surfaces in this embodiment.

[0041] The first connecting rod 51 and the second connecting rod 52 are coaxially sleeved, and the first connecting rod 51 and the second connecting rod 52 cooperate to form limiting stepped surfaces on both sides of the elastic member 54.

[0042] Refer to the attached Figure 5, in this embodiment, the elastic member 54 is a spring, and the spring is sleeved on the second connecting rod 52; the first connecting rod 51 is a hollow cylindrical structure, and the end portion thereof close to the second connecting rod 52 forms a limiting protrusion 57 inward to form a limiting section. The second connecting rod 52 extends into the first connecting rod 51, and the end portion of the second connecting rod 52 away from the first connecting rod 51 forms a limiting ring convex outward, so that the spring is limited between the limiting section and the limiting ring convex; the end portion of the second connecting rod 52 close to the first connecting rod 51 has a threaded section 55, and the diameter after connecting the nut 56 to the threaded section 55 is greater than the inner diameter of the limiting section of the second connecting rod 52, so that the first connecting rod 51 and the second connecting rod 52 are coaxially slidably matched and are not easily disengaged; further, the shape of the nut 56 is oblong, and the hollow portion in the first connecting rod 51 is adapted to the shape of the nut 56 to prevent the nut from rotating and falling off.

[0043] A first through hole 531 is provided on the positioning block 53. Since the first connecting rod 51 and the second connecting rod 52 are coaxially sleeved, the first connecting rod 51 and the second connecting rod 52 pass through the first through hole 531 to radially limit the first connecting rod 51 and the second connecting rod 52, so that the first connecting rod 51 and the second connecting rod are more stable during relative displacement.

[0044] The first connecting rod 51 and the second connecting rod 52 are respectively hinged to the upper positioning ends of the first cantilever 511 and the second cantilever 521, and the lower positioning ends of the first cantilever 511 and the second cantilever 521 away from the first connecting rod 51 and the second connecting rod 52 are hinged to the positioning block 53; the guiding surface 501 is located on the outer side surfaces of the upper positioning ends of the first and second cantilevers and protrudes from the first connecting rod 51 and the second connecting rod 52; an installation groove 532 is further provided on the positioning block 53, and the lower positioning ends of the first cantilever 511 and the second cantilever 521 extend into the installation groove 532 to be hinged to the positioning block 53.

[0045] The above-mentioned first connecting rod 51, second connecting rod 52, first cantilever 511, and second cantilever 521 are hinged and fixed by bolts and hinge shafts, and a double-ear stop washer 502 is provided at the bolt to prevent the bolts from loosening, thereby ensuring stable installation.

[0046] When in use, the lower positioning plate with a V-shaped groove limits the longitudinal (y-direction) position of the valve body blank, and then the hydraulic rod moves downward, driving the automatic centering component to move downward. When the valve body blank 2 is slightly offset relative to the center position of the lower positioning plate, one of the guiding surfaces (arc surfaces) 501 of the automatic centering component first contacts the draft bevel 211 of the valve body connecting part 21 of the valve body blank 2. During the contact process, the workpiece is displaced and aligned along the x-axis until the guiding surfaces (arc surfaces) on both sides contact the valve body at the same time; the automatic centering component continues to move downward, and because the valve body connecting part 21 has a draft bevel, the two guiding surfaces (arc surfaces) are under pressure, thereby causing the axial force of the first connecting rod 51 and the second connecting rod 52 to be transmitted to the spring. During the above process, the two guiding surfaces are always equidistant from the transverse (x-direction) symmetry plane of the valve body, thereby playing a centering (self-centering) role.

[0047] Furthermore, the bottom surfaces of the first cantilever 511 and the second cantilever 521 are positioning surfaces 503, and the telescopic device 3 drives the automatic centering component to vertically displace relative to the lower positioning plate 1, and one of the guide surfaces (arc surfaces) 501 of the automatic centering component first contacts the draft bevel 211 of the valve body connecting portion 21 of the valve body blank 2, and during the contact process, the workpiece is displaced along the x-axis until the guide surfaces (arc surfaces) on both sides contact the valve body at the same time, and during this process, the positioning surface 503 is in non-contact contact with the upper surface of the valve body blank 2, and the automatic centering component is located at the first positioning position;

[0048] See attached Figure 10 When the automatic centering assembly continues to move downward from the first positioning position until the positioning surface 503 contacts the upper surface of the valve body blank 2, the contact point between the positioning surface and the upper surface of the valve body blank 2 is located outside the lower positioning end of the cantilever, so that the upper positioning end, the lower positioning end and the contact point of the cantilever are connected to form an acute triangle;

[0049] Due to the interaction between the upper surface of the valve body blank 2 and the positioning surface 503, the first cantilever 511 and the second cantilever 521 rotate around their lower positioning ends, and the upper positioning ends of the two drive the first cantilever 511 and the second cantilever 521 to approach each other and compress the elastic member 54 until the guide surface 501 is separated from the draft bevels 211 on both sides of the valve body blank 2, so as to facilitate the processing of the connecting parts 21 on both sides of the valve body blank 2. At this time, the automatic centering component is located in the second positioning position.

[0050] During the self-centering process, the axes of the first connecting rod 51 and the second connecting rod 52 always overlap and remain horizontal, ensuring that the first cantilever 511 and the second cantilever 521 on both sides move symmetrically or rotate around the hinge axis.

[0051] Example 2

[0052] like Figure 1 and Figure 11 , 12As shown in the figure, a valve body indexing chuck, which applies the automatic centering structure in Application Example 1; specifically includes a fixture 101, an upper positioning seat 41 and a lower positioning seat 42 arranged inside the fixture 101. The upper positioning seat 41 is connected to a telescopic device 3 and an automatic centering component, and a indexing device is arranged on the lower positioning seat 42 and connected to a lower positioning plate 1.

[0053] The telescopic device 3 includes a hydraulic cylinder and a hydraulic rod, and the telescopic device 3 is connected to a positioning block 53 through a positioning screw 533, and two positioning screws 533 are arranged on the longitudinal sides of the first connecting rod 51 and the second connecting rod 52.

[0054] This valve body indexing chuck can rotate the valve body blank by 45°, 90°, 135°, 180°, 360°, etc., and realize multi-station processing with one clamping, achieving process concentration, and can be used on a turning-milling composite machine tool.

[0055] The above-disclosed are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention. Of course, the scope of the rights of the present invention cannot be limited by this. Therefore, equivalent changes made according to the claims of the present invention still fall within the scope covered by the present invention.

Claims

1. An automatic centering structure for a valve body, characterized in that: It includes a lower positioning plate (1) for longitudinally limiting the valve body blank (2) and an automatic centering component for laterally centering and positioning the valve body blank (2); The automatic centering component is driven by a telescopic device (3) to vertically displace relative to the lower positioning plate (1); The automatic centering component includes a positioning block (53) connected to the telescopic device (3), a first connecting rod (51) and a second connecting rod (52) connected to the positioning block (53). An elastic member (54) is arranged between the first connecting rod (51) and the second connecting rod (52). The first connecting rod (51) and the second connecting rod (52) are axially slidably matched and the force is transmitted to the elastic member (54); Guide surfaces (501) are arranged at the outer ends of the first connecting rod (51) and the second connecting rod (52), and the guide surfaces (501) are arc surfaces or inclined surfaces; The telescopic device (3) drives the automatic centering component to vertically displace relative to the lower positioning plate (1), so that a certain guide surface (501) of the automatic centering component abuts against the valve body blank (2) until the guide surfaces (501) of the first connecting rod (51) and the second connecting rod (52) are both in contact with both sides of the valve body blank (2) at the first positioning position.

2. The automatic centering structure of the valve body according to claim 1, wherein: The first connecting rod (51) and the second connecting rod (52) are coaxially sleeved, and the first connecting rod (51) and the second connecting rod (52) cooperate to form a limiting step surface on both sides of the elastic member (54).

3. The automatic centering structure of the valve body according to claim 2, characterized in that: The elastic member (54) is a spring, and the elastic member (54) is sleeved on the first connecting rod (51) and / or the second connecting rod (52).

4. The automatic centering structure of the valve body according to claim 1, characterized in that: A first through hole (531) is arranged on the positioning block (53), and the first connecting rod (51) and / or the second connecting rod (52) passes through the first through hole (531) to radially limit the first connecting rod (51) and / or the second connecting rod (52).

5. The automatic centering structure of the valve body according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first connecting rod (51) and the second connecting rod (52) are respectively hinged to the upper positioning ends of a first cantilever (511) and a second cantilever (521), and the lower positioning ends of the first cantilever (511) and the second cantilever (521) far from the first connecting rod (51) and the second connecting rod (52) are hinged to the positioning block (53); The guide surface (501) is located on the outer side surface of the upper positioning ends of the first and second cantilevers, and protrudes from the first connecting rod (51) and the second connecting rod (52).

6. The automatic centering structure of the valve body according to claim 5, wherein: An installation groove (532) is also arranged on the positioning block (53), and the lower positioning ends of the first cantilever (511) and the second cantilever (521) extend into the installation groove (532) to be hinged to the positioning block (53).

7. The automatic centering structure of the valve body according to claim 5, characterized in that: The first cantilever (511) and the second cantilever (521) are also provided with positioning surfaces (503). When the automatic centering component is in the first positioning position, The positioning surface (503) is in non-contact fit with the upper surface of the valve body blank (2); The telescopic device (3) drives the automatic centering component to continue moving downward from the first positioning position until the valve body blank (2) abuts against the positioning surface (503), and the first cantilever (511) and the second cantilever (521) rotate around the hinge axis at their lower positioning ends, causing the upper positioning ends of the two to approach each other. Furthermore, the automatic centering component also has a second positioning position where the first connecting rod (51) and the second connecting rod (52) compress the elastic member (54), thereby separating the guiding surface (501) from both sides of the valve body blank (2).

8. A valve body indexing chuck, characterized in that: Apply the automatic centering structure according to any one of claims 1-7.

9. The valve body indexing chuck according to claim 8, wherein: It includes a fixture body (101), an upper positioning seat (41) and a lower positioning seat (42) arranged in the fixture body (101). The upper positioning seat (41) is connected to the telescopic device (3) and the automatic centering component, and a indexing device is arranged on the lower positioning seat (42) and is connected to the lower positioning plate (1).

10. The valve body indexing chuck according to claim 8, wherein: The telescopic device (3) includes a hydraulic cylinder and a hydraulic rod, and the telescopic device (3) is connected to the positioning block (53) through a positioning screw (533), and two positioning screws (533) are arranged on the longitudinal two sides of the first connecting rod (51) and the second connecting rod (52).

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