Ceramic fiber aerogel heat insulation pad

Abstract

The utility model provides a ceramic fiber aerogel heat insulation pad which comprises a plurality of aerogel layers, ceramic fibers, a first PET (polyethylene terephthalate) plastic layer, a first adhesive layer, a second PET plastic layer and a second adhesive layer, the aerogel layers are mutually overlapped, the ceramic fibers are uniformly distributed on the aerogel layers, and the first adhesive layer and the second adhesive layer are mutually overlapped. The first PET plastic layer is fixed on the upper surface of the uppermost aerogel layer through the first adhesive layer, the second PET plastic layer is fixed on the lower surface of the lowermost aerogel layer through the first adhesive layer, and the first PET plastic layer and the second PET plastic layer form an encapsulation structure for the multiple aerogel layers; the thickness of each aerogel layer is 2-5 mm, the diameter of the ceramic fiber is 1-10 micrometers, and the length of the ceramic fiber is 0.5-3 mm. The product provided by the utility model is formed by superposing aerogel layers, has excellent heat insulation and buffering functions, can be used for thermal protection between battery cells, can prevent the thermal runaway of the battery cells, and adapts to the expansion and contraction changes of the battery cells in the charging and discharging process of the battery.

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] The utility model relates to the field of new energy power batteries, and in particular to a ceramic fiber aerogel thermal insulation pad. [Background technology]

[0002] At present, electric vehicles mainly use lithium-ion batteries as power batteries. After years of development, the safety of lithium-ion power batteries has been significantly improved, but under extreme conditions, lithium batteries still have the risk of combustion and explosion. When a lithium-ion battery has an internal or external short circuit, the battery releases a large amount of heat in a short period of time, and the temperature rises sharply, leading to thermal runaway. The flammable liquid electrolyte is ignited at high temperatures, causing the battery to catch fire. Through heat diffusion, a single thermal runaway battery triggers thermal runaway in adjacent batteries through heat conduction and flames, causing the entire battery module / battery pack to have thermal runaway, thereby causing a fire and explosion.

[0003] Traditional battery modules use flame-retardant plastic partitions such as PP, ABS, and PVC to separate the single cells from each other, which does not provide thermal isolation protection. It is also easy to cause the battery temperature to be too high, resulting in the dissolution of the partition and fire. Aerogel is the solid material with the lowest thermal conductivity known so far. The thermal insulation performance of aerogel insulation felts, insulation boards, insulation papers and other products can be up to 5 times that of ordinary products. In addition to excellent fire retardancy, softness and impact resistance, sound insulation and noise reduction, in addition to achieving good promotion in the fields of industrial energy conservation and civil insulation, with the development of the aerogel industry, aerogel is also increasingly widely used in the field of batteries. Its application in new energy vehicles can better achieve battery temperature control and electronic control management and improve performance, play a role in thermal insulation and fire prevention, and buy more time for users and passengers to escape from the scene and extinguish the fire. [Summary of the invention]

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the utility model is to provide a ceramic fiber aerogel insulation pad, which has excellent heat insulation and buffering functions, can be used for thermal protection between battery cells, can prevent thermal runaway of the battery cells, and adapt to the expansion and contraction changes of the battery cells during charging and discharging.

[0005] The utility model achieves the above technical problems as follows:

[0006] A ceramic fiber aerogel heat insulation pad, the aerogel heat insulation pad includes multiple aerogel layers, ceramic fibers, a first PET plastic layer, a first adhesive layer, a second PET plastic layer and a second adhesive layer. Each of the aerogel layers is stacked on top of each other, and ceramic fibers are evenly distributed on each of the aerogel layers. The first PET plastic layer is fixed on the upper surface of the topmost aerogel layer through the first adhesive layer, and the second PET plastic layer is fixed on the lower surface of the bottommost aerogel layer through the first adhesive layer, and the first PET plastic layer and the second PET plastic layer form an encapsulation structure for the multiple aerogel layers;

[0007] The thickness of each of the aerogel layers is 2 - 5 mm, the diameter of the ceramic fibers is 1 - 10 microns, and the length is 0.5 - 3 mm.

[0008] Further, the aerogel heat insulation pad is also provided with an encapsulation notch.

[0009] Further, each of the aerogel layers is in a cotton-like structure.

[0010] Further, the material of the aerogel layer is silica aerogel.

[0011] Further, the materials of the first adhesive layer and the second adhesive layer are acrylic glue.

[0012] The present utility model has the following advantages:

[0013] The ceramic fiber aerogel heat insulation pad of the present utility model is composed of aerogel layers stacked layer by layer, and ceramic fibers are evenly distributed. It has excellent heat insulation and buffering functions, can be used for thermal protection between battery cells, and can prevent thermal runaway of the cells; its aerogel layer is in a cotton-like structure and has good compression performance. While providing heat insulation, it can further be used as a buffer material between cells to adapt to the expansion and contraction changes of the cells during the charging and discharging process of the battery. At the same time, if an accident occurs and the cell explodes instantaneously, the high-temperature fireproof function of the heat insulation pad can isolate high temperature and prevent the overflow of flames, thus buying time for the passengers in the vehicle to escape.

Description of the Drawings

[0014] The following further describes the present utility model with reference to the drawings in conjunction with embodiments.

[0015] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of a ceramic fiber aerogel heat insulation pad of the present utility model.

[0016] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the outer surface of a ceramic fiber aerogel heat insulation pad of the present utility model.

Detailed Embodiments

[0017] In the description of the present utility model, it should be noted that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings. It is only for the convenience of describing the present utility model and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation to the present utility model. In addition, the terms "first", "second", "third" are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0018] In the description of the present utility model, it should be noted that unless otherwise clearly specified and defined, the terms "installation", "connection", "coupling" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be the communication inside two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present utility model can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0019] Referring to Figure 1-2 As shown, the present utility model relates to a ceramic fiber aerogel heat insulation pad. The aerogel heat insulation pad 10 includes multiple aerogel layers 1, ceramic fibers 2, a first PET plastic layer 3, a first adhesive layer 4, a second PET plastic layer 5, and a second adhesive layer 6. Each of the aerogel layers 1 is stacked on top of each other. Ceramic fibers 2 are evenly distributed on each of the aerogel layers 1, and the ends of some of the ceramic fibers 2 penetrate into adjacent other aerogel layers 1. The first PET plastic layer 3 is fixed on the upper surface of the topmost aerogel layer 1 through the first adhesive layer 4. The second PET plastic layer 5 is fixed on the lower surface of the lowermost aerogel layer 1 through the first adhesive layer 6, and the first PET plastic layer 3 and the second PET plastic layer 5 form an encapsulation structure for the multiple aerogel layers 1;

[0020] The thickness of each of the aerogel layers 1 is 2 - 5 mm, and the diameter of the ceramic fibers 2 is 1 - 10 microns, and the length is 0.5 - 3 mm.

[0021] In a specific implementation, a preferred embodiment: The aerogel heat insulation pad 10 is further provided with an encapsulation notch 7.

[0022] In a specific implementation, a preferred embodiment: Each of the aerogel layers 1 is in a cotton-like structure.

[0023] In a specific implementation, a preferred embodiment: The material of the aerogel layer 1 is silica aerogel.

[0024] In a specific implementation, a preferred embodiment: the materials of the first adhesive layer 4 and the second adhesive layer 6 are acrylic adhesives.

[0025] In another embodiment of the present utility model, the preparation steps of the ceramic fiber aerogel heat insulation pad are as follows:

[0026] Step 1, pretreatment: Mix TEOS and ethanol in a ratio of 4:1, and then add 10% ammonia water by the volume of TEOS as a catalyst, and mix well to initiate the hydrolysis process;

[0027] Step 2, adding ceramic fiber: After 5 - 15 minutes from the start of the hydrolysis reaction, slowly add ceramic fiber (the weight percentage of tetraethoxysilane (TEOS) is 75%; the weight percentage of ceramic fiber is 25%) into the mixture and mix evenly;

[0028] Step 3, gel formation: Continue stirring until the mixture becomes turbid and starts to solidify;

[0029] Step 4, shaping: When the gel starts to form, pour the mixture into a mold in a layered pouring manner, with the thickness of each layer of gel being 2 - 5 mm, and pour the next layer of the mixture after each layer of gel is slightly solidified;

[0030] Step 5, freeze - drying: Directly place the mold containing the gel into a freeze - dryer and freeze - dry it into a cotton - like structure; the specific freeze - drying operation is as follows:

[0031] 5.1, pre - freezing stage: Place the gel mixture in the mold into the freezing chamber of the freeze - dryer, ensure that the temperature rapidly drops to the set low temperature, and make water molecules form ice crystals;

[0032] 5.2, primary drying sublimation stage: Raise the temperature by 10 - 30 °C to sublime the ice crystals, and the water changes directly from the solid state to the gaseous state;

[0033] 5.3, secondary drying desorption stage: Gradually raise the temperature to remove the water adsorbed on the surface of the material and reach the final low water content;

[0034] The conditions of each drying stage in Step 5 are as follows:

[0035] Pre - freezing stage: The temperature is - 50 °C to - 80 °C, and the time is 2 - 4 hours;

[0036] Primary drying sublimation stage: The temperature is - 40 °C to - 50 °C, and the time is 24 - 36 hours;

[0037] Secondary drying desorption stage: The temperature is 20 °C to 30 °C, and the time is 12 - 24 hours.

[0038] Step 6, Post-treatment: After drying, remove the excess parts at the edges of the mold of the aerogel to ensure dimensional consistency, and then it can be wound up for use.

[0039] Step 7, Encapsulation of the ceramic fiber aerogel thermal insulation pad:

[0040] Encapsulate the above-prepared product (aerogel roll) by using high-strength adhesive tape (the main body of the tape structure is acrylic glue + PET + acrylic glue), roll cutting tool and plastic-sealing slicing technology to form a special structure. The steps are as follows:

[0041] Step 7.1, Aerogel roll: Ensure that the surface of the aerogel roll is dry, clean, free of dust or other impurities. It is crucial to ensure the uniformity and firmness of the tape adhesion.

[0042] Step 7.2, Paste the tape: Unroll the PET double-sided tape flat and carefully place the aerogel roll on one side of the tape, ensuring that the aerogel roll is aligned with the tape edge.

[0043] Step 7.3, Cut out the aerogel by using a roll cutting tool, and simultaneously use a plastic-sealing slicing device to laminate the double-sided tape on both the upper and lower sides of the aerogel. Cut out a packaging notch on one side while cutting out the product to ensure that the gas inside the thermal insulation pad can be discharged.

[0044] (4) Main technical indicators of the above-prepared product:

[0045] ① Thermal conductivity ≤ 0.045 W / (m·K) at 25 °C;

[0046] ② Flame retardancy meets UL94V0;

[0047] ③ High temperature resistance: 1200 °C;

[0048] ④ Insulation resistance: 1000 VDC, ≥ 500 MΩ;

[0049] ⑤ Withstand voltage: 6000 VDC, leakage current ≤ 1 mA;

[0050] ⑥ Environmental protection meets the regulation 2011 / 65 / EU (RoHS);

[0051] ⑦ When compressed by 50%, the compression stress ≥ 30 KPa.

[0052] The cross-sectional structure of the above-prepared product is as Figure 1 shown.

[0053] In summary, in the present utility model, ceramic fibers are added to the gel for reinforcement, and the aerogel layer has a cotton-like structure with layers stacked on top of each other, exhibiting excellent heat insulation and buffering properties. When the expansion and contraction phenomenon occurs during the charging and discharging of the battery cell, the heat insulation pads pasted on the surface of the battery cell will first isolate the heat transfer between the battery cells. At the same time, the pressure of the expanding battery cell will be absorbed by the cotton-like core material in the middle, achieving the functions of buffering and heat insulation. Meanwhile, the air in the middle of the compressed heat insulation pad is discharged from the side sealing gap, fundamentally eliminating the air sealed in after the heat insulation pad is encapsulated, and the risk that the air has nowhere to escape in the heat insulation pad during the compression process and explodes the heat insulation. Also, in case of an accident, at the moment when the battery cell explodes, the high-temperature fire prevention function of the heat insulation pad can isolate the high temperature and prevent the flame from overflowing, buying time for the passengers in the vehicle to escape.

[0054] Although the specific embodiments of the present utility model have been described above, those skilled in the art of this technology should understand that the specific embodiments we described are illustrative only and not used to limit the scope of the present utility model. Equivalent modifications and variations made by those skilled in the art in accordance with the spirit of the present utility model should all be covered by the scope protected by the claims of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A ceramic fiber aerogel heat insulation pad, characterized in that: The aerogel thermal insulation pad includes multiple layers of aerogel layers, ceramic fibers, a first PET plastic layer, a first adhesive layer, a second PET plastic layer, and a second adhesive layer. Each of the aerogel layers is stacked on top of each other, and ceramic fibers are evenly distributed on each of the aerogel layers. The first PET plastic layer is fixed to the upper surface of the topmost aerogel layer through the first adhesive layer, and the second PET plastic layer is fixed to the lower surface of the bottommost aerogel layer through the first adhesive layer. Moreover, the first PET plastic layer and the second PET plastic layer form an encapsulation structure for the multiple layers of aerogel layers; The thickness of each of the aerogel layers is 2 - 5 mm, and the diameter of the ceramic fibers is 1 - 10 microns, and the length is 0.5 - 3 mm.

2. The ceramic fiber aerogel heat insulation pad according to claim 1, characterized in that: The aerogel thermal insulation pad is further provided with an encapsulation notch.

3. A ceramic fiber aerogel heat insulation pad according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each of the aerogel layers has a cotton-like structure.

4. A ceramic fiber aerogel thermal insulation pad according to claim 1, characterized in that: The material of the aerogel layer is silica aerogel.

5. The ceramic fiber aerogel heat insulation pad according to claim 1, characterized in that: The materials of the first adhesive layer and the second adhesive layer are acrylic glue.

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