Longitudinal displacement monitoring equipment for switch rail

Abstract

The utility model relates to switch rail longitudinal displacement monitoring equipment which comprises a stock rail device arranged on a stock rail and composed of a rear-end clamp, a stock rail front-end clamp, a small-aperture base plate, a large-aperture base plate, a magnetostrictive sensor, a bolt, a cotter pin and the like; the switch rail device is arranged at the heel end of the switch rail and is composed of a rear end clamp, a switch rail front end clamp, a switch rail clamp base plate, a magnetic ring and the like. The high-precision measurement of the longitudinal displacement of the switch rail is realized by measuring the relative position of the magnetic ring and the measuring rod of the magnetostrictive sensor. The switch rail longitudinal displacement measuring device does not need to be driven by big data, can realize high-efficiency and high-precision measurement of switch rail longitudinal displacement under different environmental conditions, and meets the requirements of low-cost, high-stability and high-precision railway field monitoring.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the field of track detection and monitoring, in particular to a monitoring device for longitudinal displacement of a switch rail. Background Art

[0002] During the operation of high-speed railways, turnouts are key equipment that make up railway tracks. Turnouts have the characteristics of a large number, complex structures, restricted train speeds, low train operation safety, and high maintenance and repair costs, making them a major weak link in the tracks. Among them, the switch rails of turnouts directly affect train operation speed and safety. The longitudinal displacement of the switch rail refers to the longitudinal displacement of the switch rail of the turnout relative to the stock rail. The creep of the switch rail easily causes the switch rail and the stock rail to be not in close contact, which is one of the main diseases of turnouts.

[0003] At present, the monitoring methods for the longitudinal displacement of the switch rail are divided into three types: image recognition monitoring, laser monitoring, and mechanical monitoring. The existing image recognition-based switch rail displacement monitoring mainly relies on an industrial camera combination and is paired with a deep learning algorithm for displacement measurement. Deng Chenxin et al. provided "A Method for Measuring the Creep of the Switch Rail of a Railway Turnout" in the utility model patent with the application number 202210362300.9. Images of the switch rail and the stock rail are collected by an image acquisition device to obtain the edge coordinates of the switch rail. By comparing with a calibrated pixel scale, the actual distance between the switch rail edge and the boundary is obtained, and compared with the initial distance when the switch rail has not crept, to calculate the creep direction and creep distance. Wang Pengxiang et al. provided "A Monitoring Method, Device, and System for the Creep of the Switch Rail of a Turnout Based on Image Recognition" in the utility model patent with the application number 201710719956.0. The positions of the switch rail tip and the scale are obtained through an image acquisition device, and the relative positions of the switch rail tip ridge lines before and after creep are compared. The creep of the switch rail of the turnout is calculated through the number of pixel points and the occupied distance. Yin Hui et al. proposed "A Monitoring Method and System for the Telescopic Displacement of the Switch Rail Based on Automatic Image Interpretation" in the utility model patent with the application number 201610232538.4. An accurate image region extraction is realized by using a scale with characteristic chromaticity component integration, and the telescopic displacement of the switch rail is interpreted by combining the characteristic chromaticity component integration and digital matching. In terms of laser detection, Jia Zixiang et al. provided "A Monitoring Instrument for the Creep of the Switch Rail of a Railway Turnout" in the utility model patent with the application number 202223202517.8. An infrared ranging module sensor is used to monitor the creep of the switch rail, and in cooperation with a detachable sliding groove, a solar photovoltaic panel, and silent pulleys, portable monitoring is realized. Yan Dazhi et al. provided "A Device for Measuring the Creep of the Switch Rail of a Turnout" in the utility model patent with the application number 202121861889.4. By setting a positioning reference in the fixed component and a scale bar and an optical component on the sliding component, the displacement difference between the scale bar optical component and the positioning surface is measured to detect the creep between the switch rail and the stock rail. Chen Lei et al. provided "A Monitoring Method for the Creep of the Switch Rail of a Turnout Based on Video" in the utility model patent with the application number 201911258437.4. The creep monitoring is realized through the recognition of the switch rail edge contour, improving the accuracy of monitoring. Yang Lingzhi et al. provided "A Turnout State Detection System Based on the Displacement of the Switch Rail" in the utility model patent with the application number 20152256527.0. The laser displacement sensor is vertically pointed at the inner vertical end face of the switch rail, and the industrial control computer receives the output signal of the sensor, converts it into a digital signal, and then outputs it to the data acquisition card for analysis.

[0004] When the above image recognition and laser monitoring methods are affected by unstable factors such as train vibration, dust, rain, snow, and light, the measurement accuracy will be affected, the later image processing is difficult, and the ideal effect cannot be achieved. Moreover, the equipment price of this solution is high, which is not conducive to large-scale promotion.

[0005] At present, there is little research on mechanical measurement and monitoring equipment. Existing mechanical measurements are divided into two schemes. One is the "Monitoring Device for Switch Rail Crawling Amount" proposed by Tan Hua in the utility model patent with the application number 20141283429.6. It uses an eddy current sensor to indirectly calculate the expansion and contraction amount of the switch rail by measuring the change amount of the gap between the tip of the switch rail and the stock rail. However, the stability and accuracy of the eddy current sensor for identifying magnetized metals are relatively low, and the technology is not yet perfect. The other is the "Integrated Real-time Measurement Device for Switch Rail Longitudinal Crawling and Closure Clearance" proposed by Ren Tongqun in the utility model patent with the application number 20191630367.4. It decomposes the switch rail displacement into displacement change and angle change, and uses different sensors to measure them in sequence. However, this scheme is for measuring the tip of the switch rail, and the measured value is the absolute displacement of the switch rail, which does not conform to the definition of the switch rail longitudinal displacement amount.

[0006] In summary, image recognition and laser monitoring methods cannot overcome the influence of environmental factors, and the cost is too high. There is little research on mechanical measurement and monitoring equipment, and existing schemes have accuracy problems. Therefore, there is still a lack of a monitoring device with low error, high reliability, low cost, and convenient installation and disassembly in the aspect of switch rail displacement monitoring. Utility Model Content

[0007] To solve the problems of poor reliability, unstable accuracy, high maintenance cost, and complex tooling of existing switch rail displacement monitoring equipment, the present utility model proposes a monitoring equipment for monitoring switch rail displacement through the root end of the switch rail, which uses a magnetostrictive sensor in the equipment for data collection, improves the reliability of the equipment, reduces the maintenance cost, and at the same time can avoid the monitoring error caused by the lateral displacement of the rail.

[0008] To achieve the above object, the present utility model adopts the following technical solutions:

[0009] One aspect of the present utility model provides a monitoring device for switch rail longitudinal displacement, including a stock rail device and a switch rail device;

[0010] Both groups of stock rail clamps include a rear clamp and a stock rail front clamp, which are connected by long bolts and installed on the rail base through the clamp groove;

[0011] The magnetostrictive sensor, used for displacement sensing, is arranged between the two groups of stock rail front clamps. The fastening plate cooperates with the fastening hole to connect the sensor electronic chamber with the stock rail front clamp;

[0012] The small-aperture backing plate, which cooperates with the stock rail front clamp, is arranged on the inner side of the clamp and is connected by four short bolts for fastening the measuring rod of the magnetostrictive sensor;

[0013] The large-aperture backing plate is arranged on the outer side of the fixture and is connected by four short bolts. It is used to fasten the electronic bin of the magnetostrictive sensor, ensuring that the longitudinal displacement of the switch rail measured each time is transmitted and saved to the host computer in real time;

[0014] The switch rail fixture includes a rear fixture and a front switch rail fixture, which are connected by long bolts and installed on the rail bottom through the fixture groove;

[0015] The magnetic ring is built into the front switch rail fixture and can be adjusted horizontally and longitudinally in the top magnetic ring adjustment groove to ensure that the measuring rod of the magnetostrictive sensor passes through and does not contact the magnetic ring;

[0016] Due to the adoption of the above technical solutions, the utility model has the following advantages:

[0017] 1. Aiming at the problem of monitoring the longitudinal displacement of the switch rail, the utility model develops a contact measurement technology based on the magnetostrictive principle, which can ensure that the overall detection device maintains a high monitoring accuracy in a complex environment. Existing contact magnetostrictive measurement devices all take the tip of the switch rail as the measurement object, thus ignoring the longitudinal displacement of the heel end of the switch rail and being prone to large errors during the switch rail switching process. The utility model focuses on the measurement of the longitudinal displacement of the heel end of the switch rail, calculates the longitudinal displacement of the tip of the switch rail through the switch rail expansion formula, and then obtains the overall displacement of the switch rail.

[0018] 2. The utility model develops a set of universal split-type tooling fixtures. Different from other contact magnetostrictive measurement devices, its tooling principle can ensure the stability of the overall system in a complex environment. The utility model adopts the method of combining a mechanical structure with a magnetostrictive sensor, monitors the longitudinal displacement of the switch rail through the position change of the magnetic ring and the measuring rod. It is divided into two groups of basic rail device structures and one group of switch rail device structures. The fixtures involved in the basic rail device structure can adjust the tooling position according to magnetostrictive sensors with different ranges. The magnetic ring in the switch rail device structure can move inside the adjustment groove to ensure no contact between the magnetic ring and the measuring rod. The non-magnetic conductive material in the adjustment groove maximizes the measurement accuracy and at the same time plays a buffering role between the magnetic ring and the adjustment groove. The utility model fills the technical defect in the field of monitoring the longitudinal displacement of the switch rail, and can improve the applicability of the equipment and reduce the maintenance cost. Description of the Drawings

[0019] Figure 1 is the overall structural schematic diagram of the switch rail longitudinal displacement monitoring device in an embodiment of the utility model;

[0020] Figure 2 is the partial fixture structural schematic diagram of the basic rail in an embodiment of the utility model;

[0021] Figure 3It is a schematic structural diagram of a magnetostrictive sensor in an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0022] Figure 4 It is a schematic structural diagram of a front-end fixture of a basic rail in an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0023] Figure 5 It is a schematic assembly structural diagram of a magnetostrictive sensor and a front-end fixture of a basic rail in an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0024] Figure 6 It is a schematic structural diagram of a rear-end fixture in an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0025] Figure 7 It is a schematic structural diagram of a fixture for a switch rail part in an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0026] Figure 8 It is a schematic structural diagram of a front-end fixture of a switch rail in an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0027] Figure 9 It is a schematic flow diagram of a method for monitoring the longitudinal displacement of a switch rail in the present utility model;

[0028] Reference numerals:

[0029] 10 - Basic rail device structure, 11 - Rear-end fixture, 111 - Rear-end fixture through hole, 112 - Rear-end fixture groove, 12 - Front-end fixture of basic rail, 121 - Front-end fixture groove of basic rail, 122 - Front-end fixture through hole of basic rail, 123 - Fixture connection hole, 124 - Inner side surface of fixture, 125 - Outer side surface of fixture, 13 - Magnetostrictive sensor, 131 - Wire, 132 - Electronic bin, 133 - Connecting plate, 134 - Measuring rod, 14 - Small-aperture backing plate, 15 - Large-aperture backing plate, 16 - Basic rail;

[0030] 20 - Switch rail device structure, 21 - Front-end fixture of switch rail, 211 - Front-end fixture groove of switch rail, 212 - Front-end fixture through hole of switch rail, 213 - Magnetic ring adjustment groove, 214 - Top surface of front-end fixture of switch rail, 22 - Switch rail fixture backing plate, 23 - Magnetic ring, 24 - Switch rail, 25 - Rear-end fixture of switch rail. Detailed implementation manners

[0031] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present utility model clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are some, but not all, of the embodiments of the present utility model. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the described embodiments of the present utility model fall within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0032] It should be noted that the terms used herein are only for describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments according to the present application. As used herein, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular forms are also intended to include the plural forms. In addition, it should be understood that when the terms "comprising" and / or "including" are used in this specification, they specify the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components, and / or combinations thereof.

[0033] The utility model provides a monitoring device for the longitudinal displacement of a switch rail, which includes a stock rail device and a switch rail device. The stock rail device is provided with two sets of left and right clamps and a magnetostrictive sensor. A single set of clamps includes a rear clamp, a stock rail front clamp, a large (small) aperture backing plate, a long bolt, a short bolt, and an open pin. The switch rail device includes a rear clamp, a switch rail front clamp, a switch rail clamp backing plate, a magnetic ring, a long bolt, a short bolt, and an open pin. Based on the mechanical measurement method and combined with the magnetostrictive sensor, the utility model realizes the accurate monitoring of the longitudinal displacement of the root end of the switch rail, improves the reliability of the device, and reduces the maintenance cost.

[0034] In an embodiment of the utility model, as Figure 1 shown, a monitoring device for the longitudinal displacement of a switch rail is provided, which includes:

[0035] The stock rail device structure 10 is installed on the stock rail, with a total of two sets. The stock rail front clamps 12 are installed in the same direction and are respectively arranged on both the head and the tail sides of the magnetostrictive sensor 13.

[0036] Both sets of stock rail device structures 10 include a rear clamp 11 and a stock rail front clamp 12; the rear clamp 11 and the stock rail front clamp 12 are connected by a long bolt, and the magnetostrictive sensor 13 is installed between the two stock rail front clamps 12.

[0037] The switch rail device structure 20 is installed at the root end of the switch rail. The rear clamp 11 and the switch rail front clamp 21 are connected by a long bolt. The switch rail front clamp 21 is internally provided with a magnetic ring 23, and the magnetostrictive sensor 13 passes through the magnetic ring 23 for measuring the displacement of the switch rail.

[0038] In this embodiment, the materials of the switch rail front clamp and the stock rail front clamp can be aluminum or other non-magnetic materials, so as to ensure the accuracy of the utility model during the monitoring process.

[0039] In the above embodiment, as Figures 2 - 6 shown, the stock rail device structure 10 includes:

[0040] The stock rail front clamp 12, the through hole 122 of the stock rail front clamp is connected to the long bolt, the groove 121 of the stock rail front clamp is connected to the bottom of the stock rail 16, and is opposite to the groove 112 of the rear clamp;

[0041] The rear fixture 11, the through-hole 111 of the rear fixture is connected to the long bolt, the groove 112 of the rear fixture is connected to the bottom of the basic rail 16, and is opposite to the groove 121 of the front fixture of the basic rail;

[0042] The magnetostrictive sensor 13 is installed between the front fixtures 12 of the two groups of basic rails. On one side, the connecting plate 133 is installed inside the fixture connection hole 123 and fastened with the large-aperture backing plate 14. On the other side, the measuring rod 134 passes through the fixture fastening hole 123 and is fastened with the small-aperture backing plate 15;

[0043] The large-aperture backing plate 14 is installed on the inner side 124 of one of the fixtures for fastening the measuring rod 134;

[0044] The small-aperture backing plate 15 is installed on the outer side 125 of the other fixture for fastening the connecting plate 133;

[0045] In the above embodiment, as Figures 6 - 8 shown, the switch rail device structure 20 includes:

[0046] The rear fixture 11, the through-hole 111 of the rear fixture is connected to the long bolt, the groove 112 of the rear fixture is connected to the bottom of the switch rail 24, and is opposite to the groove 211 of the front fixture of the switch rail;

[0047] The front fixture 21 of the switch rail, the through-hole 212 of the front fixture of the switch rail is connected to the long bolt, the groove 211 of the front fixture of the switch rail is connected to the bottom of the switch rail 24, and is opposite to the groove 112 of the rear fixture;

[0048] The switch rail fixture backing plate 22 is fastened at the position of the magnetic ring adjusting groove 213 with a short bolt for fastening the magnetic ring;

[0049] The magnetic ring 23 is built in the magnetic ring adjusting groove 213. Non-magnetic elastic material can be filled in the magnetic ring adjusting groove 213 to adjust the position of the magnetic ring 23 and is fastened with the switch rail fixture backing plate 22.

[0050] Using the above switch rail longitudinal displacement monitoring device, the steps for monitoring the switch rail longitudinal displacement are as follows:

[0051] S10, set the coordinate system of the switch rail longitudinal displacement monitoring device as O-XYZ, the X direction is the axial direction of the measuring rod of the magnetostrictive sensor, the Y direction is perpendicular to the top surface of the switch rail fixture, and the Z direction is along the radial direction of the measuring rod and parallel to the top surface of the switch rail fixture;

[0052] S11, install the switch rail longitudinal displacement monitoring device on the bottom of the rail, tighten the long bolt to ensure the firm connection between the rear fixture and the front fixture of the switch rail;

[0053] S12. Place the magnetic ring inside the adjustable slot of the switch rail magnetic ring. Use non-magnetic materials to adjust the magnetic ring to an appropriate position so that the measuring rod of the magnetostrictive sensor passes through the inside of the magnetic ring, and fasten it with the switch rail clamp backing plate.

[0054] S12. Keep the switch rail longitudinal displacement monitoring device stable, and manually or automatically read the relative position (X i , 0, 0) between the magnetic ring measurement point and the measuring rod at this moment, that is, at time T, and transmit and save the measurement results in real time to the host computer. i , 0, 0) between the magnetic ring measurement point and the measuring rod at this moment, that is, at time T, and transmit and save the measurement results in real time to the host computer.

[0055] S13. After the switch rail heel end generates a longitudinal displacement, manually or automatically read the relative position (X j , 0, 0) between the magnetic ring measurement point and the measuring rod at this moment, that is, at time T, and transmit and save the measurement results in real time to the host computer. j , 0, 0) between the magnetic ring measurement point and the measuring rod at this moment, that is, at time T, and transmit and save the measurement results in real time to the host computer.

[0056] S14. Calculate the current longitudinal displacement d ij of the switch rail heel end = X j - X i .

[0057] S15. Calculate the displacement change of the switch rail tip through the switch rail expansion formula ΔL = αΔtL, and obtain the overall displacement D of the switch rail = ΔL + d ij , where α is the coefficient of thermal expansion, Δt is the temperature change, and L is the length of the switch rail.

[0058] S16. Repeat steps S11 to S15, and different time intervals ΔT can be intercepted to obtain the longitudinal displacement of the switch rail at any time.

[0059] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and are not intended to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions recorded in the foregoing embodiments, or perform equivalent replacements for some of the technical features; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A monitoring device for longitudinal displacement of switch rails, characterized in that: A stock rail device structure (10) is arranged on the stock rail and includes two groups of stock rail clamps, a large-aperture backing plate (15), a small-aperture backing plate (14), and a magnetostrictive sensor (13); A switch rail device structure (20) is arranged at the heel end of the switch rail and includes a group of switch rail clamps and a magnetic ring (23); The magnetostrictive sensor (13) passes through the magnetic ring (23) for measuring the displacement of the switch rail; The switch rail clamps include a switch rail rear-end clamp (25) and a switch rail front-end clamp (21), which are connected by a long bolt and installed on the rail bottom through a switch rail front-end clamp groove (211); the magnetic ring (23) is placed inside the switch rail front-end clamp (21) and can be adjusted horizontally and longitudinally in a top magnetic ring adjustment groove (213) to ensure that the measuring rod (134) of the magnetostrictive sensor passes through and does not contact the magnetic ring (23).

2. The tongue rail longitudinal displacement monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: It further includes a switch rail clamp backing plate (22), which is fastened at the position of the magnetic ring adjustment groove (213) with a short bolt for fastening the magnetic ring (23); the magnetic ring (23) is placed inside the magnetic ring adjustment groove (213), and a non-magnetic conductive elastic material is filled in the magnetic ring adjustment groove (213) for adjusting the position of the magnetic ring and cooperating with the switch rail clamp backing plate (22) for fastening.

3. The tongue rail longitudinal displacement monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: Both groups of stock rail clamps include a stock rail rear-end clamp (11) and a stock rail front-end clamp (12), which are connected by a long bolt and installed on the rail bottom through a clamp groove.

4. The monitoring device for longitudinal displacement of the switch rail according to claim 3, wherein: The magnetostrictive sensor (13) is arranged between the two groups of stock rail front-end clamps (12), and the sensor electronic chamber (132) is connected to the stock rail front-end clamp (12) through the cooperation of a fastening plate and a fastening hole.

5. The monitoring device for longitudinal displacement of the switch rail according to claim 1, characterized in that: The small-aperture backing plate (14) cooperates with the stock rail front-end clamp (12) and is arranged on the inner side surface of the stock rail front-end clamp (12) and is connected by four short bolts for fastening the measuring rod (134) of the magnetostrictive sensor.

6. The monitoring device for longitudinal displacement of the switch rail according to claim 1, characterized in that: The large-aperture backing plate (15) is arranged on the outer side surface of the stock rail front-end clamp (12) and is connected by four short bolts for fastening the sensor electronic chamber (132) of the magnetostrictive sensor.

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