Safe variable speed regulation gear device

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of gear transmission, and particularly relates to a safe variable speed regulation gear device which comprises a box body, the front side of the box body is detachably connected with a box cover, an input shaft and an output shaft are movably connected between the box body and the box cover, the front side of the input shaft penetrates through the box cover, and the rear side of the output shaft penetrates through the box body. A first large gear, a second large gear, a third large gear, a fourth large gear, a first small gear, a second small gear and a third small gear are movably installed on the inner side of the box body, the first large gear and the first small gear are in coaxial transmission, the second large gear and the second small gear are in coaxial transmission, and the third large gear and the third small gear are in coaxial transmission. Three gears on a driving shaft in a traditional change gear slide at the same time, and large resistance needs to be overcome, when the device slides, only one gear needs to slide on one side, the resistance needing to be overcome when the gears slide is reduced, and therefore the gears slide more conveniently.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of gear transmission, in particular to a safe variable speed regulating gear device. Background Technique

[0002] A variable speed gear is a mechanical part used to change the transmission speed, commonly found in equipment with variable speed transmission mechanisms such as automobiles, bicycles, and machine tools. The variable speed gear mainly distributes power to the transmission mechanism by switching the gear set, thereby achieving speed change. Common variable speed gears include external meshing variable speed gears, ordinary internal meshing variable speed gears, and planetary variable speed gears.

[0003] The common external meshing variable speed gears on machine tools mainly have three speed change gears. When changing speeds, the positions of the three gears on the driving shaft are changed to match the three gears on the driven shaft, thereby changing the transmission speed; this matching method has a problem that when changing speeds, the gear on the driving shaft needs to first fit with the gear on the driven shaft, and only after the protruding teeth on the gear on the driving shaft are aligned with the tooth grooves on the gear on the driven shaft can the gear on the driving shaft be engaged with the gear on the driven shaft; in this way, when changing speeds, only step-by-step speed change is possible, and it is difficult to change gears across levels. To shift from a low gear to a high gear, it is necessary to first shift from the low gear to the middle gear, and then wait until the speed is stable before shifting to the high gear; during secondary speed change, it takes a long time to complete speed regulation. During this process, the driven shaft is prone to stop rotating due to insufficient output torque. The stop rotation of the driven shaft not only affects the quality of the machined parts but also easily causes tool damage; therefore, we propose a variable speed regulating gear device that can shift gears across levels to save the time for gear shifting across levels. Content of the Utility Model

[0004] The purpose of the utility model is to provide a safe variable speed regulating gear device to solve the problem that the existing external meshing variable speed gears cannot shift gears across levels as mentioned in the above background technique.

[0005] To achieve the above purpose, the utility model provides the following technical solution: a safe variable speed regulating gear device, including a box body, the front side of the box body is detachably connected with a box cover, an input shaft and an output shaft are movably connected between the box body and the box cover, and the front side of the input shaft penetrates through the box cover, and the rear side of the output shaft penetrates through the box body;

[0006] A first large gear, a second large gear, a third large gear, a fourth large gear, a first small gear, a second small gear, and a third small gear are movably installed inside the box body, and the first large gear and the first small gear are coaxially driven, the second large gear and the second small gear are coaxially driven, and the third large gear and the third small gear are coaxially driven; the third large gear meshes with the second small gear, the first large gear meshes with the third small gear, and the third small gear meshes with the fourth large gear;

[0007] A driving gear adapted to the second large gear and the first large gear is slidably connected to the outer side of the input shaft, and a driven gear adapted to the third large gear and the fourth large gear is slidably connected to the outer side of the output shaft; gear sliding plates are arranged on the outer sides of the driving gear and the driven gear.

[0008] Preferably, a gear auxiliary support frame is installed inside the box body. The second small gear, the first large gear, the fourth large gear and the third small gear are all movably connected to the gear auxiliary support frame. The second small gear and the third small gear are located on one side of the gear auxiliary support frame, and the fourth large gear and the second small gear are located on the other side of the gear auxiliary support frame.

[0009] Preferably, the second large gear is the same as the first large gear, and the third large gear is the same as the fourth large gear.

[0010] Preferably, a guide plate is arranged on the outer side of the gear sliding plate, and a guide groove adapted to the guide plate is formed inside the box body.

[0011] Preferably, a return spring is connected to one side of each of the two guide plates. The return spring on one of the guide plates is connected to the box cover, and an electromagnet is embedded on the side of the box cover close to the guide plate; the return spring on the other guide plate is connected to the inner wall of the box body; and an electromagnet is also arranged on the rear wall of the inner cavity of the box body close to the guide plate.

[0012] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present utility model are as follows:

[0013] 1) The driving gear on the input shaft (driving shaft) and the driven gear on the output shaft (driven shaft) in the present device can both change positions. When the gears are changed step by step, only the driving gear or the driven gear needs to be slid; when changing to a skip gear, the driving gear and the driven gear slide simultaneously, so as to directly complete the gear shift. This method can directly complete skip shifting through one adjustment to prevent the output shaft from stopping, thereby protecting the quality of the cutting tool and the machined parts.

[0014] 2) In traditional variable-speed gears, the three gears on the driving shaft slide simultaneously, and a large resistance needs to be overcome. When the present device slides, only one gear needs to be slid on one side, reducing the resistance that needs to be overcome when the gears slide, thus making the sliding of the gears more convenient. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present utility model;

[0016] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the box body of the present utility model;

[0017] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the gear transmission structure of the present utility model;

[0018] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the connection structure between the large gear and the small gear of the present utility model;

[0019] Figure 5 Schematic sectional view of the top view structure of the present utility model.

[0020] In the figure: 10 output shaft, 20 input shaft, 31 box body, 32 box cover, 33 gear support frame, 411 No. 4 large gear, 421 No. 1 large gear, 422 No. 1 small gear, 431 No. 2 large gear, 432 No. 2 small gear, 441 No. 3 large gear, 442 No. 3 small gear, 45 driving gear, 46 driven gear, 51 gear slide plate, 52 return spring, 53 electromagnet. Specific implementation mode

[0021] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present utility model, rather than all the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present utility model without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0022] In the description of the present utility model, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the present utility model and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the present utility model.

[0023] Embodiment:

[0024] Please refer to Figures 1-5 , the present utility model provides a technical solution: a safe variable speed gear device, including a box body 31, the front side of the box body 31 is detachably connected with a box cover 32, both the box cover 32 and the outside of the box body 31 are provided with outward flanges, through holes are opened on the outward flanges, and the box body 31 and the box cover 32 are connected by bolts passing through the through holes on the outward flanges; an input shaft 20 and an output shaft 10 are movably connected between the box body 31 and the box cover 32, and the front side of the input shaft 20 penetrates through the box cover 32, and the rotating shaft of an external motor is connected with the end of the input shaft 20 extending out of the box cover 32; the rear side of the output shaft 10 penetrates through the box body 31, and the main shaft on the machine tool is connected with the end of the output shaft 10 extending out of the box body 31.

[0025] Inside the box body 31, three gear sets and a fourth large gear 411 are movably installed; each of the three gear sets consists of a large gear and a small gear, that is, the three gear sets include a first large gear 421, a second large gear 431, a third large gear 441, a first small gear 422, a second small gear 432, and a third small gear 442; the first large gear 421 and the first small gear 422 are fixed on the outer side of the same rotating shaft, and they have the same angular velocity when rotating; the second large gear 431 and the second small gear 432 are fixed on the outer side of the same rotating shaft, and they have the same angular velocity when rotating; the third large gear 441 and the third small gear 442 are fixed on the outer side of the same rotating shaft, and they have the same angular velocity when rotating; the third large gear 441 meshes with the second small gear 432, the first large gear 421 meshes with the third small gear 442, and the third small gear 442 meshes with the fourth large gear 411.

[0026] A spline is provided on the outer side of the input shaft 20, and a spline groove is penetrated on one side of the driving gear 45. The driving gear 45 is fitted with the spline on the outer side of the input shaft 20 through the spline groove. The driving gear 45 meshes with the second large gear 431 or the first large gear 421 by sliding; a spline is also provided on the outer side of the output shaft 10, and a spline groove is penetrated on one side of the driven gear 46. The driven gear 46 is fitted with the spline on the outer side of the output shaft 10 through the spline groove. The driven gear 46 meshes with the third large gear 441 or the fourth large gear 411 by sliding; gear slides 51 are provided on the outer sides of the driving gear 45 and the driven gear 46, and the driving gear 45 and the driven gear 46 are driven to slide by the gear slides 51. The driving gear 45 and the driven gear 46 are both connected to the gear slides 51 through bearings.

[0027] Inside the box body 31, a gear auxiliary support frame 43 is installed. The second small gear 432, the first large gear 421, the fourth large gear 411, and the third small gear 442 are all movably connected to the gear auxiliary support frame 43. One end of the rotating shaft connecting the first large gear 421 and the first small gear 422 is connected to the gear auxiliary support frame 43 through a bearing, and the other end is connected to the box cover 32 through a bearing. One end of the rotating shaft connecting the second large gear 431 and the second small gear 432 is connected to the gear auxiliary support frame 43 through a bearing, and the other end is connected to the inner wall of the box body 31 through a bearing. One end of the rotating shaft connecting the third large gear 441 and the third small gear 442 is connected to the gear auxiliary support frame 43 through a bearing, and the other end is connected to the inner wall of the box body 31 through a bearing. One end of the rotating shaft of the fourth large gear 411 is connected to the gear auxiliary support frame 43 through a bearing, and the other end is connected to the box cover 32 through a bearing. The first large gear 421, the first small gear 422, and the fourth large gear 411 are located on one side of the gear auxiliary support frame 43. The second large gear 431, the second small gear 432, the third large gear 441, and the third small gear 442 are located on the other side of the gear auxiliary support frame 43. When installing the gear set and the fourth large gear 411, first install the second large gear 431, the second small gear 432, the third large gear 441, and the third small gear 442, then install the gear auxiliary support frame 43, and then install the first large gear 421, the first small gear 422, and the fourth large gear 411 on the gear auxiliary support frame 43, and finally cover the box cover 32.

[0028] In this device, the second large gear 431 is exactly the same as the first large gear 421. In this way, when the driving gear 45 slides, as long as it slides along the axis direction of the input shaft 20, it can mesh with the second large gear 431 or the first large gear 421. The third large gear 441 and the fourth large gear 411 are exactly the same. Similarly, when the driven gear 46 slides, as long as it slides along the axis direction of the output shaft 10, it can mesh with the third large gear 441 or the fourth large gear 411.

[0029] A transition baffle is arranged inside the box body 31. The transition baffle is arranged between the two gear sliding plates 51. Two guiding grooves are enclosed among the transition baffle, the gear auxiliary support frame 43, and the box body 31. The two guiding grooves are respectively located on the left and right sides of the transition baffle. A guiding plate is arranged on the outer side of the gear sliding plate 51. The guiding plate is stuck in the guiding groove. By the restriction of the guiding groove, the rotation of the guiding plate is prevented. Coupled with the restriction of the sliding direction of the driven gear 46 by the output shaft 10 and the restriction of the sliding direction of the driving gear 45 by the input shaft 20, the gear sliding plate 51 can only slide along the axial directions of the input shaft 20 and the output shaft 10.

[0030] A return spring 52 is connected to one side of each of the two guide plates. Since the two guide plates have different requirements for their positions during sliding, the installation directions of the return springs 52 on the two guide plates are also different. Among them, a return spring 52 is installed on the front side of the guide plate corresponding to the left active gear 45 on the gear slide plate 51, and a return spring 52 is installed on the rear side of the guide plate corresponding to the right driven gear 46 on the gear slide plate 51. The installation of the electromagnet 53 is the same. The electromagnet 53 corresponding to the left guide plate is embedded in one side of the box cover 32 close to the guide plate, and the return spring 52 on the left guide plate is also connected to the box cover 32. The electromagnet 53 corresponding to the right guide plate is embedded in the rear wall of the inner cavity of the box body 31, and the return spring 52 on the right guide plate is also connected to the rear wall of the inner cavity of the box body 31. When both electromagnets 53 are de-energized, the elastic force of the return spring 52 pushes the gear slide plate 51 away from the electromagnet 53 until the gear slide plate 51 is pushed against the box cover 32 or the rear wall of the inner cavity of the box body 31. At this time, the active gear 45 meshes with the second large gear 431, and the driven gear 46 meshes with the fourth large gear 411. When both electromagnets 53 are energized, the electromagnet 53 attracts the gear slide plate 51 to fit with the electromagnet 53. At this time, the active gear 45 meshes with the first large gear 421, and the driven gear 46 fits with the third large gear 441. The circuits of the two electromagnets 53 are controlled separately and can be energized and de-energized independently.

[0031] Working principle: Initially, an external motor drives the input shaft 20 to rotate. The input shaft 20 drives the active gear 45 to rotate. The rotation of the active gear 45 drives the transmission of the large gear and the small gear to drive the driven gear 46 to rotate. The driven gear 46 drives the output shaft 10 to rotate. The output shaft 10 drives the main shaft of the machine tool to rotate.

[0032] When adjusting the gear position, a single-stage gear change means that only one electromagnet 53 is energized or de-energized. Here, it is exemplified that the left electromagnet 53 is energized and the right electromagnet 53 is de-energized; initially, the driving gear 45 meshes with the first large gear 421, and the driven gear 46 meshes with the fourth large gear 411. At this time, the driving gear 45 drives the first large gear 421 to rotate, the first large gear 421 drives the first small gear 422 to rotate, the first small gear 422 drives the fourth large gear 411 to rotate, and the fourth large gear 411 drives the driven gear 46 to rotate; when the left electromagnet 53 is de-energized and the right electromagnet 53 remains unchanged, the elastic force of the left return spring 52 pushes the gear slide plate 51 to move backward to the left, and the left gear slide plate 51 drives the driving gear 45 to move backward. Finally, the driving gear 45 meshes with the second large gear 431. At this time, the driving gear 45 drives the second large gear 431 to rotate, the second large gear 431 drives the third large gear 441 to rotate, the third large gear 441 drives the third small gear 442 to rotate, the third small gear 442 drives the first large gear 421 to rotate, the first large gear 421 drives the first small gear 422 to rotate, the first small gear 422 drives the fourth large gear 411 to rotate, and the fourth large gear 411 drives the driven gear 46 to rotate; when the left electromagnet 53 remains unchanged and the right electromagnet 53 is energized, the magnetic force of the right electromagnet 53 attracts the right gear slide plate 51 to move backward. Finally, the driven gear 46 meshes with the third large gear 441. At this time, the driving gear 45 drives the first large gear 421 to rotate, the first large gear 421 drives the third small gear 442 to rotate, the third small gear 442 drives the third large gear 441 to rotate, and the third large gear 441 drives the driven gear 46 to rotate.

[0033] A skip gear change means that both electromagnets 53 are energized and de-energized; here, it is exemplified that the left electromagnet 53 is de-energized and the right electromagnet 53 is energized; in the initial state, the driving gear 45 meshes with the second large gear 431, and the driven gear 46 meshes with the third large gear 441. At this time, the driving gear 45 drives the second large gear 431 to rotate, the second large gear 431 drives the third large gear 441 to rotate, and the third large gear 441 drives the driven gear 46 to rotate; after the skip gear change, the left electromagnet 53 is energized and the right electromagnet 53 is de-energized. The gear slide plates 51 on both sides drive the driving gear 45 and the driven gear 46 to swap positions respectively, so that the driving gear 45 meshes with the first large gear 421, and the driven gear 46 meshes with the fourth large gear 411. At this time, the driving gear 45 drives the first large gear 421, the first large gear 421 drives the first small gear 422 to rotate, the first small gear 422 drives the fourth large gear 411 to rotate, and the fourth large gear 411 drives the driven gear 46 to rotate.

[0034] The above has shown and described the basic principles, main features and advantages of the present utility model. For those skilled in the art, it is obvious that the present utility model is not limited to the details of the above exemplary embodiments, and can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or basic features of the present utility model. Therefore, from any point of view, the embodiments should be regarded as exemplary and non-restrictive. The scope of the present utility model is defined by the appended claims rather than the above description. Therefore, all changes falling within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements of the claims are intended to be embraced within the present utility model, and any reference signs in the claims should not be regarded as limiting the claims involved.

[0035] Although the embodiments of the present utility model have been shown and described, for those of ordinary skill in the art, it can be understood that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present utility model. The scope of the present utility model is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A safe variable speed gear device, comprising a box body (31), and a box cover (32) is detachably connected to the front side of the box body (31), characterized in that: An input shaft (20) and an output shaft (10) are movably connected between the box body (31) and the box cover (32), and the front side of the input shaft (20) penetrates through the box cover (32), and the rear side of the output shaft (10) penetrates through the box body (31); A first large gear (421), a second large gear (431), a third large gear (441), a fourth large gear (411), a first small gear (422), a second small gear (432) and a third small gear (442) are movably installed inside the box body (31), and the first large gear (421) and the first small gear (422) are coaxially driven, the second large gear (431) and the second small gear (432) are coaxially driven, and the third large gear (441) and the third small gear (442) are coaxially driven; the third large gear (441) meshes with the second small gear (432), the first large gear (421) meshes with the third small gear (442), and the third small gear (442) meshes with the fourth large gear (411); A driving gear (45) adapted to the second large gear (431) and the first large gear (421) is slidably connected to the outer side of the input shaft (20), and a driven gear (46) adapted to the third large gear (441) and the fourth large gear (411) is slidably connected to the outer side of the output shaft (10); gear sliding plates (51) are arranged on the outer sides of the driving gear (45) and the driven gear (46).

2. The safety variable speed gear device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A gear auxiliary support frame (43) is installed inside the box body (31), and the second small gear (432), the first large gear (421), the fourth large gear (411) and the third small gear (442) are all movably connected to the gear auxiliary support frame (43), and the second small gear (432) and the third small gear (442) are located on one side of the gear auxiliary support frame (43), and the fourth large gear (411) and the second small gear (432) are located on the other side of the gear auxiliary support frame (43).

3. The safety variable speed gear device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second large gear (431) is the same as the first large gear (421), and the third large gear (441) and the fourth large gear (411) are the same.

4. A safe variable speed gear device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A guide plate is arranged on the outer side of the gear sliding plate (51), and a guide groove adapted to the guide plate is formed inside the box body (31).

5. A safe variable speed gear device according to claim 4, characterized in that: Reset springs (52) are connected to one side of the two guide plates, the reset spring (52) on one of the guide plates is connected to the box cover (32), and an electromagnet (53) is embedded on one side of the box cover (32) close to the guide plate; the reset spring (52) on the other guide plate is connected to the inner wall of the box body (31); and an electromagnet (53) is also arranged on one side of the rear wall of the inner cavity of the box body (31) close to the guide plate.

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