Positioning and directional isolation buffer gun barrel

Abstract

The utility model discloses a positioning directional isolation buffer gun barrel which comprises a directional isolation buffer gun barrel and a positioning connector, the directional isolation buffer gun barrel comprises a semicircular outer barrel and a semicircular inner barrel which are coaxially arranged, a cartridge placing barrel is formed between the semicircular inner barrel and a hoop, and threads are arranged outside the two ends of the cartridge placing barrel; the directional isolation buffering gun barrels are longitudinally connected through a positioning connector, the positioning connector comprises a high-elasticity spring and two threaded connectors, the two threaded connectors are connected through the high-elasticity spring, and threads matched with the threads outside the cartridge containing barrel are arranged in the threaded connectors. The directional isolation buffer gun barrel has the advantages that the positions of the positioning connector and the directional isolation buffer gun barrel filled with the explosive cartridge in a blast hole can be adjusted according to different intensities of fracture joints in a rock mass in front of a tunnel face, the explosive is accurately positioned in a sparse fracture joint area, and the positioning connector is accurately positioned in a dense fracture joint area, so that the explosive loading amount is reduced, and the cost is saved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of tunnel excavation by drill and blast method, in particular to a positioning, directional isolation and buffer cartridge. Background Technique

[0002] Blasting technology is an engineering technology that uses the energy of explosive explosion to destroy the original structure of a certain object and adopts a charge layout and detonation method to achieve different engineering purposes. Since blasting technology can save a large amount of manpower and material resources, it has been widely used in tunnel excavation at present. However, there are the following problems: (1) The irregularity of the surrounding rock damage caused by traditional blasting often causes accidents such as overbreak, underbreak, and even collapse during the tunnel excavation process. The problem of tunnel overbreak is serious, usually reaching more than 30 cm. The later support is difficult, and it is also necessary to increase the thickness of the secondary lining, increasing the construction period and material cost; (2) The explosive quantity and drill and blast design parameters for tunnel excavation by drill and blast method are unreasonable, and the smooth blasting effect cannot be achieved; (3) When excavating a tunnel, it is necessary to maintain good stability of the surrounding rock, while traditional blasting technology is difficult to control the blasting intensity, and the degree of disturbance to the rock mass is large, which is not conducive to the subsequent stable support of the tunnel; (4) The overbreak and underbreak of the tunnel are related to the layout of the peripheral holes on the heading face and the propagation of the explosion wave. The traditional cartridge placement method cannot achieve directional blasting of the rock mass on the heading face, which will also cause overbreak of the tunnel and the smooth blasting effect cannot be achieved; (5) The charging position in the blast hole affects the blasting effect and the explosive consumption. Usually, the charging spacing in the blast hole is fixed, and the fracture joint density of different regions in front of the heading face is not considered. Moreover, the charging position in the sparse fracture joint area in the blast hole is not convenient for precise positioning, resulting in poor blasting effect. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of the utility model is to provide a positioning, directional isolation and buffer cartridge according to the deficiencies of the above-mentioned prior art, including a directional isolation and buffer cartridge and a positioning connector. One side of the directional isolation and buffer cartridge is a hollow semi-cylinder filled with energy-absorbing material, and the other side is a hoop arranged front and back for fixing the cartridge. Determine the length of the positioning connector and the cartridge according to the fracture joint density in the rock mass in front of the heading face and connect them. Place the positioning, directional isolation and buffer cartridge with the cartridge into the peripheral blast holes of the rock mass on the heading face, and use a plugging material for plugging. Detonate the cartridge, the explosion wave propagates circumferentially, and the energy-absorbing material absorbs the explosion wave to prevent it from propagating into the rock mass. The explosion wave on the other side directly propagates into the rock mass, causing the rock mass to rupture, realizing the directional propagation and directional isolation of the explosion wave, making the rock mass to be blasted broken and the rock mass that does not need to be blasted remain intact. At the same time, according to the different fracture joint densities in the rock mass in front of the heading face, the cartridge is accurately positioned in the sparse fracture joint area in the blast hole, and the positioning connector is accurately positioned in the dense fracture joint area, reducing the explosive charge and saving costs.

[0004] The purpose of the utility model is achieved by the following technical solutions:[[]]

[0005] A positioning, orientation, isolation and buffer cartridge, which comprises an orientation isolation buffer cartridge and a positioning connector. The orientation isolation buffer cartridge includes a semi-circular outer cylinder and a semi-circular inner cylinder arranged coaxially. An energy dissipation material is filled between the semi-circular outer cylinder and the semi-circular inner cylinder. The inner side of the semi-circular inner cylinder is used for placing cartridges. Hoops for fixing the cartridges are provided at both ends of the semi-circular inner cylinder. A cartridge placement cylinder is formed between the semi-circular inner cylinder and the hoops. Threads are provided at the outer parts of both ends of the cartridge placement cylinder; the orientation isolation buffer cartridges are longitudinally connected through the positioning connector. The positioning connector includes a highly elastic spring and two threaded connectors. The two threaded connectors are connected by the highly elastic spring. Threads matching the threads outside the cartridge placement cylinder are provided inside the threaded connectors.

[0006] The radial sides of the semi-circular outer cylinder and the semi-circular inner cylinder are connected by radial end plates, and the axial sides of the semi-circular outer cylinder and the semi-circular inner cylinder are connected by axial end plates. A space for filling the energy dissipation material is formed among the semi-circular outer cylinder, the semi-circular inner cylinder, the radial end plates and the axial end plates.

[0007] The size and shape of the cartridge placement holes of the cartridge placement cylinder respectively correspond to the size and shape of the cartridges.

[0008] The positioning, orientation, isolation and buffer cartridge loaded with the cartridges is placed in the peripheral blast holes of the face rock mass, and the peripheral blast holes are blocked with a plugging material. The positioning connector in the peripheral blast holes is located in the fracture and joint dense area of the face rock mass, and the cartridges in the peripheral blast holes are located in the fracture and joint sparse area of the face rock mass.

[0009] The advantages of the present utility model are as follows:

[0010] (1) The energy dissipation material absorbs the blast wave and prevents it from propagating into the rock mass. The blast wave on the other side directly propagates into the rock mass, causing the rock mass to rupture. The directional propagation and isolation of the blast wave can be realized, so that the rock mass to be blasted is broken, and the rock mass that does not need to be blasted remains intact. This not only reduces the disturbance to the surrounding rock, but also solves the problem of overbreak and underbreak of the tunnel.

[0011] (2) For the positioning, orientation, isolation and buffer cartridge, according to the different degrees of fracture and joint density in the rock mass in front of the face, the positions of the positioning connector and the orientation isolation buffer cartridge loaded with cartridges in the blast hole can be adjusted. The explosive is accurately positioned in the fracture and joint sparse area, and the positioning connector is accurately positioned in the fracture and joint dense area, reducing the amount of explosive loaded and saving costs.

[0012] (3) The positioning, orientation, isolation and buffer cartridge can be reused, saving costs.

[0013] (4) The positioning, orientation, isolation and buffer barrel can be customized in different specifications according to needs to adapt to the requirements of different surrounding rocks;

[0014] (5) The positioning connector made of high-elastic springs has good flexibility, which is convenient for charging and positioning in the blast holes. Description of the Drawings

[0015] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the positioning, orientation, isolation and buffer barrel of the present utility model;

[0016] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the orientation, isolation and buffer barrel of the present utility model;

[0017] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the positioning connector of the present utility model;

[0018] Figure 4 is Figure 2 the sectional view taken along A-A in ;

[0019] Figure 5 is Figure 2 the sectional view taken along B-B in ;

[0020] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the principle of isolating explosion waves by the positioning, orientation, isolation and buffer barrel of the present utility model;

[0021] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the relationship between the layout of the positioning, orientation, isolation and buffer barrels of the present utility model and the distribution of rock mass fissures and joints in front of the heading face;

[0022] As Figures 1-7 shown, the marks in the figure are respectively represented as:

[0023] 1. Positioning, orientation, isolation and buffer barrel, 2. Heading face rock mass, 3. Sealing material, 4. Explosion wave, 5. Crack, 6. Dense area of fissures and joints;

[0024] 11. Orientation, isolation and buffer barrel, 12. Cartridge, 13. Positioning connector;

[0025] 111. Semi-circular outer barrel, 112. Semi-circular inner barrel, 113. Axial end plate, 114. Radial end plate, 115. Hoop, 116. Energy dissipation material, 117. Cartridge placement cylinder, 118. Cartridge placement hole;

[0026] 131. Threaded connection head, 132. Thread, 133. High-elastic spring;

[0027] 21. Peripheral blast hole. Detailed Implementation Manner

[0028] The features of the present utility model and other related features will be further described in detail through embodiments in conjunction with the accompanying drawings for the understanding of those skilled in the same industry:

[0029] Embodiment: As Figures 1-7 shown, this embodiment relates to a positioning and orientation isolation buffer barrel, including an orientation isolation buffer barrel 11 and a positioning connector 13. The orientation isolation buffer barrel 11 mainly includes a semi-circular outer barrel 111, a semi-circular inner barrel 112, an axial end plate 113, a radial end plate 114, a hoop 115, and an energy dissipation material 116. The semi-circular outer barrel 111 and the semi-circular inner barrel 112 are coaxially arranged. The inner diameter of the semi-circular outer barrel 111 is larger than the inner diameter of the semi-circular inner barrel 112. The radial sides of the semi-circular outer barrel 111 and the semi-circular inner barrel 112 are connected by the radial end plate 114, and the axial sides of the semi-circular outer barrel 111 and the semi-circular inner barrel 112 are connected by the axial end plate 113. A closed space is formed among the semi-circular outer barrel 111, the semi-circular inner barrel 112, the radial end plate 114, and the axial end plate 113, and this closed space is used to fill the energy dissipation material 116. In this embodiment, the energy dissipation material 116 can be rubber, granular material, liquid material, or porous material.

[0030] As Figures 1-5 shown, the inside of the semi-circular inner barrel 112 is used to place the cartridge 12, and hoops 115 are provided at both ends of the semi-circular inner barrel 112. The hoops 115 can fix the cartridge 12. In this embodiment, a cartridge placement barrel 117 is formed between the semi-circular inner barrel 112 and the hoop 115. The size and shape of the cartridge placement hole 118 of the cartridge placement barrel 117 respectively correspond to the size and shape of the cartridge 12 to ensure the reliability of the installation of the cartridge 12, and threads 132 are provided on the outside of both ends of the cartridge placement barrel 117.

[0031] As Figures 1-5 shown, the orientation isolation buffer barrels 11 are longitudinally connected through the positioning connector 13. The positioning connector 13 includes a highly elastic spring 133 and two threaded connectors 131. The two threaded connectors 131 are connected by the highly elastic spring 133. Threads 132 are provided inside the threaded connectors 131, and the threads 132 inside the threaded connectors 131 cooperate with the threads 132 on the outside of the cartridge placement barrel 117 to achieve the longitudinal connection between the orientation isolation buffer barrels 11, and by compressing the highly elastic spring 133, the length of the positioning connector 13 can be adjusted.

[0032] As Figures 6-7As shown in the figure, determine the lengths of the positioning connector 13 and the cartridge 12 according to the density of fissures and joints in the rock mass in front of the heading face and connect them. Place the directional isolation buffer cartridge 11 (i.e., the positioning directional isolation buffer cartridge 1) containing the cartridge 12 into the peripheral blast hole 21 of the rock mass 2 of the heading face, and use the plugging material 3 (mortar or plugging mud) to plug the peripheral blast hole 21. Detonate the cartridge 12, and the explosion wave 4 propagates circumferentially. The energy dissipation material 116 absorbs the explosion wave 4 to prevent it from propagating into the rock mass. On the other side, the explosion wave 4 directly propagates into the rock mass, causing the rock mass to rupture (cracks 5 are generated), realizing the directional propagation and directional isolation of the explosion wave 4, so that the rock mass to be blasted is broken, and the rock mass that does not need to be blasted remains intact. Among them, adjust the length of the positioning connector 13 (realized by compressing the high-elastic spring 133) so that the positioning connector 13 in the peripheral blast hole 21 is located in the fissure and joint dense area 6 of the rock mass 2 of the heading face; select cartridges 12 (directional isolation buffer cartridges 11) of different lengths so that the cartridges 12 in the peripheral blast hole 21 are located in the fissure and joint sparse area of the rock mass 2 of the heading face.

[0033] The beneficial technical effects of this embodiment are as follows:

[0034] (1) The energy dissipation material absorbs the explosion wave to prevent it from propagating into the rock mass. On the other side, the explosion wave directly propagates into the rock mass, causing the rock mass to rupture, which can realize the directional propagation and directional isolation of the explosion wave, so that the rock mass to be blasted is broken, and the rock mass that does not need to be blasted remains intact, not only reducing the disturbance to the surrounding rock, but also solving the problem of overbreak and underbreak in the tunnel;

[0035] (2) For the positioning directional isolation buffer cartridge, according to the different densities of fissures and joints in the rock mass in front of the heading face, the positions of the positioning connector and the directional isolation buffer cartridge containing the cartridge in the blast hole can be adjusted. The explosive is accurately positioned in the fissure and joint sparse area, and the positioning connector is accurately positioned in the fissure and joint dense area, reducing the amount of explosive charge and saving costs;

[0036] (3) The positioning directional isolation buffer cartridge can be reused, saving costs;

[0037] (4) The positioning directional isolation buffer cartridge can be customized in different specifications according to needs to adapt to the requirements of different surrounding rocks;

[0038] (5) The positioning connector made of high-elastic spring has good flexibility, which is convenient for charging and positioning in the blast hole.

[0039] Although the above embodiments have detailed the concept and implementation of the purpose of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings, those of ordinary skill in the art can recognize that various improvements and transformations can still be made to the present invention without departing from the scope defined by the claims, so they will not be elaborated one by one here.

Claims

1. A positioning, orientation, isolation and buffer gun barrel, characterized in that: The positioning, orientation, isolation and buffer cartridge includes an orientation isolation buffer cartridge and a positioning connector. The orientation isolation buffer cartridge includes a semi-circular outer cylinder and a semi-circular inner cylinder arranged coaxially. An energy dissipation material is filled between the semi-circular outer cylinder and the semi-circular inner cylinder. The inner side of the semi-circular inner cylinder is used to place cartridges. Hoop bands for fixing the cartridges are provided at both ends of the semi-circular inner cylinder. A cartridge placement cylinder is formed between the semi-circular inner cylinder and the hoop band. Threads are provided at the outer parts of both ends of the cartridge placement cylinder; the orientation isolation buffer cartridges are longitudinally connected through the positioning connector. The positioning connector includes a highly elastic spring and two threaded connectors. The two threaded connectors are connected through the highly elastic spring. Threads matching the threads on the outer part of the cartridge placement cylinder are provided inside the threaded connectors.

2. The positioning, orientation, isolation and buffering gun barrel according to claim 1, characterized in that: The semi-circular outer cylinder and the radial side of the semi-circular inner cylinder are connected through a radial end plate. The semi-circular outer cylinder and the axial side of the semi-circular inner cylinder are connected through an axial end plate. A space for filling the energy dissipation material is formed among the semi-circular outer cylinder, the semi-circular inner cylinder, the radial end plate and the axial end plate.

3. The positioning, orientation, isolation and buffer gun barrel according to claim 1, characterized in that: The size and shape of the cartridge placement hole of the cartridge placement cylinder respectively correspond to the size and shape of the cartridge.

4. A positioning, orientation, isolation and buffer gun barrel according to claim 1, characterized in that: The positioning, orientation, isolation and buffer cartridge loaded with the cartridge is placed in the peripheral blast holes of the tunnel face rock mass, and the peripheral blast holes are blocked with a plugging material. The positioning connector in the peripheral blast holes is located in the fracture and joint dense area of the tunnel face rock mass, and the cartridge in the peripheral blast holes is located in the fracture and joint sparse area of the tunnel face rock mass.

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