New energy charging gun impact detection machine
By designing a new energy charging gun impact detection machine and using lifting devices and electromagnetic devices to achieve automated detection, the problems of low manual detection efficiency and poor adaptability in the existing technology are solved, the detection accuracy and efficiency are improved, and the production cost is reduced.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202422375845.0
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-09-27
- Publication Date
- 2025-07-11
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-09-27
AI Technical Summary
The detection methods of existing new energy charging guns mainly rely on manual labor, which have inconvenience in detection, poor practicality, low detection efficiency and accuracy, and poor adaptability to non-standard shape charging guns.
A new energy charging gun impact detection machine is designed, including a frame, a detection table and an impact detection component. The lifting device and electromagnetic device are used to control the whereabouts of the metal impact detection parts, combined with the sliding seat and the limiting part, automatic detection of the charging gun is achieved. The detection table is a double-layer board structure to improve stability and adaptability.
The automation degree and detection accuracy of charging gun detection are improved, the human error rate is reduced, the detection efficiency and adaptability are improved, the production cost is reduced, and the operation convenience and detection quality are improved.
Smart Images

Figure CN223091484U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This application relates to the technical field of charging gun detection, and particularly to a new energy charging gun impact detector. Background Art
[0002] An electric vehicle is a new energy vehicle powered by an on-vehicle power supply. It has the advantages of low pollution, low noise, and energy conservation, and can replace traditional vehicles to solve problems such as energy shortage and environmental pollution. In daily life, the number of electric vehicles is increasing, and the supporting charging equipment has also developed rapidly. As an important infrastructure, the new energy charging gun plays a significant role in promoting and popularizing new energy vehicles. Before leaving the factory, it is necessary to perform strength and safety tests on the shell of the charging gun to ensure the stability when a large current passes through during the charging process using the charging gun and the safety protection against accidental falls. Most of the existing detection methods are manual detections without specific detection tools, which are inconvenient for detection, have poor practicability, low detection efficiency and detection accuracy, and poor adaptability to some charging guns with non-standard shapes. Summary of the Utility Model
[0003] This application provides a new energy charging gun impact detector to solve the technical problems of inconvenient detection, poor practicability, low detection efficiency and detection accuracy when the strength and safety of the current new energy charging gun are detected manually.
[0004] The technical solution adopted in this application is as follows:
[0005] A new energy charging gun impact detector, the impact detector includes a frame, a detection table and an impact detection component. The impact detection component includes a lifting device, a cantilever rod, an electromagnetic device and a metal impact detection piece. The lifting device is installed on the frame and can drive the cantilever rod to move up and down. The electromagnetic device is arranged on the cantilever rod and can move along the length direction of the cantilever rod. The detection table is fixedly installed on the frame and is located below the cantilever rod. The detection table has a placement surface for placing the new energy charging gun. The electromagnetic device can adsorb the metal impact detection piece or release the metal impact detection piece to make the metal impact detection piece fall and impact the new energy charging gun on the detection table.
[0006] The new energy charging gun impact detector provided in this application further includes the following additional technical features:
[0007] The detection table includes a flat plate part and a support part protruding from the top of the flat plate part. The top surface of the support part is the placement surface. The detection table is provided with a plurality of fixing holes penetrating through the upper and lower ends. The impact detector further includes a cable tie, and the cable tie can cooperate with the fixing holes to tie and fix the new energy charging gun on the placement surface.
[0008] A sliding seat is installed on the cantilever rod, the electromagnetic device is arranged on the sliding seat, and the sliding seat slides along the length direction of the cantilever rod to drive the electromagnetic device to move.
[0009] At least one end of the cantilever rod is provided with a limiting member, and the limiting member abuts against the sliding seat to limit the sliding seat from detaching from the cantilever rod.
[0010] The lifting device includes a driving motor and a lead screw-nut pair driven by the driving motor. The driving motor is fixedly installed on the frame. The upper end of the lead screw of the lead screw-nut pair is connected to the output shaft of the driving motor, and the lower end of the lead screw is rotatably connected to the frame. The nut of the lead screw-nut pair is used to drive the cantilever rod to lift and move.
[0011] The impact detector further includes a nut seat. The nut and the cantilever rod are respectively fixed to the nut seat. Sliders are arranged on both sides of the nut seat, and slide rails are arranged on the frame. The sliding fit between the sliders and the slide rails guides the lifting movement of the nut.
[0012] The nut seat is provided with an installation channel that penetrates up and down. The nut is fixed in the installation channel, and the cantilever rod is provided with an avoidance hole for the lead screw to penetrate up and down.
[0013] The frame includes a bottom frame and a vertical frame standing on one side of the bottom frame. The detection table is installed in the bottom frame, and the lifting device is installed in the vertical frame.
[0014] A protective fence is provided above the bottom frame. The protective fence extends along the circumference of the bottom frame and is provided with a front door that can be opened and closed.
[0015] A touch display screen for controlling the lifting device and the electromagnetic device is installed on the frame; and / or, a plurality of rollers are installed at the bottom of the frame.
[0016] Due to the adoption of the above technical solutions, the technical effects obtained by this application at least include:
[0017] 1. The new energy charging gun impact detector provided by this application can, after placing the new energy charging gun on the detection table and fixing it, adjust the position of the electromagnetic device on the cantilever rod according to the part to be detected and adjust the height of the cantilever rod through the lifting device. Then, control the electromagnetic device to release the metal impact detector so that the metal impact detector falls and impacts the new energy charging gun, improving the automation degree of the detection of the new energy charging gun, making the detection more convenient, having higher practicality, and also helping to improve the detection efficiency. The lifting device can adjust the lifting height parameter through program control, enabling the metal impact detector to impact the new energy charging gun at different falling heights to obtain multiple detection results. The program has higher control precision for the lifting height of the lifting device, which helps to improve the detection precision and reliability, and also improves the problems of high rejection rate and rework rate caused by high human detection error rate, reducing the production cost of the charging gun. By adjusting the height of the metal impact detector through the lifting device and adjusting the position of the metal impact detector on the cantilever rod, the impact range and falling height of the metal impact detector are effectively expanded, making the detector more adaptable to non-standard shaped charging guns and having better compatibility.
[0018] 2. The detection table is a double-layer plate structure composed of a lower flat plate and a support plate stacked together, with higher overall strength and better impact resistance. The lower flat plate can be connected to the frame to form a support platform, providing stable support for the support plate and the new energy charging gun.
[0019] 3. By sliding the sliding seat along the length direction of the cantilever rod to drive the movement of the electromagnetic device, the convenience of switching the position of the electromagnetic device on the cantilever rod is improved. And within the range where the metal impact detector can impact the charging gun, the sliding seat can switch the electromagnetic device to any position within the allowed range on the cantilever rod, so as to increase as much as possible the parts where the metal impact detector can perform impact detection on the new energy charging gun and improve the detection quality.
[0020] 4. The protective fence can intercept and limit the falling metal impact detector, restricting it within the protective fence to prevent the metal impact detector from running outside the detector. After the detection is completed, only need to open the front door to take out the metal impact detector from within the protective fence, improving the operation convenience. Description of the Drawings
[0021] The drawings described herein are used to provide a further understanding of this application and form a part of this application. The schematic embodiments of this application and their descriptions are used to explain this application and do not constitute an improper limitation to this application. In the drawings:
[0022] Figure 1 is the assembly of the new energy charging gun impact detector provided by the embodiment of this application Figure 1 ;
[0023] Figure 2 Assembly of the new energy charging gun impact detector provided by the embodiment of the present application Figure 2 ;
[0024] Figure 3 Structural schematic diagram of the test bench provided by the embodiment of the present application;
[0025] Figure 4 Assembly of the new energy charging gun impact detector provided by the embodiment of the present application Figure 3 ;
[0026] Figure 5 Assembly of the new energy charging gun impact detector provided by the embodiment of the present application Figure 4 ;
[0027] Figure 6 Structural schematic diagram of the frame provided by the embodiment of the present application;
[0028] Figure 7 Structural schematic diagram of the new energy charging gun placed on the detector provided by the embodiment of the present application.
[0029] List of components and reference numerals:
[0030] 1 Frame, 11 Bottom frame, 12 Vertical frame, 13 Frame, 14 Front door;
[0031] 2 Test bench, 21 Lower layer flat plate, 22 Support plate, 23 Fixed hole;
[0032] 3 Lifting device, 31 Driving motor, 32 Lead screw, 33 Nut;
[0033] 4 Cantilever rod, 41 Avoidance hole;
[0034] 5 Electromagnetic device;
[0035] 6 Metal impact detector;
[0036] 7 New energy charging gun;
[0037] 8 Sliding seat;
[0038] 9 Limiting part;
[0039] 100 Nut seat, 101 Installation channel;
[0040] 200 Slide block;
[0041] 300 Slide rail;
[0042] 400 Touch screen display;
[0043] 500 Roller. Detailed implementation manners
[0044] To more clearly illustrate the overall concept of this application, the following will be described in detail by way of example in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of the specification.
[0045] In the following description, many specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of this application. However, this application may be practiced in other ways different from those described herein. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application is not limited by the specific embodiments disclosed below.
[0046] In addition, in the description of this application, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationships indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", "lateral", "longitudinal", etc. are based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as a limitation of this application.
[0047] In this application, unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected to", "fixed", etc. shall be construed in a broad sense. For example, it may be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or integrated; it may be a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or a communication connection; it may be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and may be the communication between two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in this application can be understood according to specific circumstances.
[0048] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "example", "specific example", or "some examples", etc. means that the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in connection with that embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of this application. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described can be combined in a suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.
[0049] In the embodiments of this application, a new energy charging gun impact detector is provided. For the convenience of description and understanding, the following content provided in this application is all elaborated on the basis of the illustrated product structure. Of course, those skilled in the art can understand that the above structure is only a specific example and schematic description, and does not constitute a specific limitation on the technical solutions provided in this application.
[0050] Such as Figures 1 to 7As shown in the figure, a new energy charging gun impact detector provided by the present application includes a frame 1, a detection table 2 and an impact detection component. The impact detection component includes a lifting device 3, a cantilever rod 4, an electromagnetic device 5 and a metal impact detector 6. The lifting device 3 is installed on the frame 1 and can drive the cantilever rod 4 to move up and down. The electromagnetic device 5 is arranged on the cantilever rod 4 and can move along the length direction of the cantilever rod 4. The detection table 2 is fixedly installed on the frame 1 and is located below the cantilever rod 4. The detection table 2 has a placement surface for placing the new energy charging gun 7. The electromagnetic device 5 can adsorb the metal impact detector 6 or release the metal impact detector 6 to make the metal impact detector 6 fall and impact the new energy charging gun 7 on the detection table 2. Figure 7 The new energy charging gun 7 placed on the detection table 2 in the figure is only for illustrative purposes and cannot limit the model or structure of the new energy charging gun adapted by the detector. The detector of the present application can adapt to the strength and safety detection of the outer shells of new energy charging guns of various models and structures.
[0051] In a preferred embodiment, the electromagnetic device 5 can be an electromagnet. When the electromagnet is energized, it can adsorb the metal impact detector 6, and when it is powered off, it releases the metal impact detector 6. In another preferred embodiment, the metal impact detector 6 can be a steel ball with high strength and good detection effect.
[0052] In the specific detection process of the new energy charging gun impact detector of the present application, the new energy charging gun 7 can be placed on the detection table 2 and fixed by a suitable method. The position of the electromagnetic device 5 on the cantilever rod 4 can be adjusted according to the part to be detected, and the height of the cantilever rod 4 can be adjusted by the lifting device 3. Then, control the electromagnetic device 5 to release the metal impact detector 6 to make the metal impact detector 6 fall and impact the new energy charging gun 7, which improves the automation degree of the detection of the new energy charging gun 7, makes the detection more convenient, has high practicability, and also helps to improve the detection efficiency. The lifting device 3 can adjust the lifting height parameter through program control, so that the metal impact detector 6 impacts the new energy charging gun 7 at different falling heights to obtain multiple detection results. The program has higher control accuracy for the lifting height of the lifting device 3, which helps to improve the detection accuracy and reliability, and also improves the problem of high rejection rate and rework rate caused by high human detection error rate, and reduces the production cost of the charging gun. By adjusting the height of the metal impact detector 6 by the lifting device 3 and adjusting the position of the metal impact detector 6 on the cantilever rod 4, the impact range and falling height of the metal impact detector 6 are effectively expanded, making the detector more adaptable to non-standard-shaped charging guns and having better compatibility. In other embodiments, high-precision sensors for detecting the position and height of the metal impact detector 6 can also be installed on the frame 1 and / or the cantilever rod 4 to improve the detection reliability.
[0053] As a preferred embodiment of the present application, as Figures 1 to 3 shown, the detection table 2 includes a lower flat plate 21 and a support plate 22 fixed above the lower flat plate 21. The top surface of the support plate 22 is the placement surface. The detection table 2 is provided with a plurality of fixing holes 23 penetrating through the lower flat plate 21 and the support plate 22. The impact detector further includes a cable tie, and the cable tie cooperates with the fixing holes 23 to be able to tie and fix the new energy charging gun 7 on the placement surface. Those skilled in the art can understand that the detection table 2 is a double-layer plate structure composed of the lower flat plate 21 and the support plate 22 stacked together, with higher overall strength and better impact resistance. The lower flat plate 21 can be connected to the frame 1 to form a support platform, providing stable support for the support plate 22 and the new energy charging gun 7. Specifically, the lower flat plate 21 can be fixed to the frame 1 by at least one of the methods such as lapping, welding, bolt connection, snap connection, etc., and the support plate 22 can also be fixed to the lower flat plate 21 by methods such as welding and bolt connection. The cable tie is not shown in the present application. In a specific embodiment, an elastic rubber cable tie or a non-elastic nylon cable tie, etc. can be selected. When tying, the cable tie is looped above the charging gun, and the two ends of the cable tie extend through the two fixing holes 23 to the bottom of the detection table 2 and are tied together or tied to the frame 1.
[0054] As a preferred embodiment of the present application, as Figure 4 shown, a sliding seat 8 is installed on the cantilever rod 4, and the electromagnetic device 5 is arranged on the sliding seat 8. The sliding seat 8 slides along the length direction of the cantilever rod 4 to drive the electromagnetic device 5 to move. Those skilled in the art can understand that by driving the electromagnetic device 5 to move by sliding the sliding seat 8 along the length direction of the cantilever rod 4, the convenience of switching the position of the electromagnetic device 5 on the cantilever rod 4 is improved, and within the range where the metal impact detector 6 can impact the charging gun, the sliding seat 8 can switch the electromagnetic device 5 to any position on the cantilever rod 4, so as to increase as much as possible the parts of the new energy charging gun 7 that the metal impact detector 6 can impact and detect, and improve the detection quality. Specifically, the sliding seat 8 can be designed as a U-shaped structure, and the two side walls of the U-shaped structure are slidably connected to both sides of the cantilever rod 4, and the electromagnetic device 5 is fixed on the bottom wall of the U-shaped structure.
[0055] Furthermore, as Figure 4 shown, at least one end of the cantilever rod 4 is provided with a limiting member 9, and the limiting member 9 abuts against the sliding seat 8 to limit the sliding seat 8 from detaching from the cantilever rod 4, ensuring that the sliding seat 8 slides stably and reliably on the cantilever rod 4 and preventing the sliding seat 8 from accidentally falling off the cantilever rod 4. The limiting member 9 can be a metal member fixed to the end of the cantilever rod 4 by bolts, with high strength and strong limiting ability.
[0056] As a preferred embodiment of the present application, as Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 shown, the lifting device 3 includes a driving motor 31 and a lead screw-nut kinematic pair driven by the driving motor 31. The driving motor 31 is fixedly installed on the frame 1. The upper end of the lead screw 32 of the lead screw-nut kinematic pair is connected to the output shaft of the driving motor 31, and the lower end of the lead screw 32 is rotatably connected to the frame 1. The nut 33 of the lead screw-nut kinematic pair is used to drive the cantilever rod 4 to move up and down. Specifically, during operation, the driving motor 31 is controlled to be energized and operate to drive the lead screw 32 to rotate. The rotational motion of the lead screw 32 is converted into the linear motion of the nut 33 along the lead screw 32, thereby driving the cantilever rod 4 to move up and down. Specifically, the driving motor 31 can be fixed to the frame 1 by bolts and is located above the lead screw 32. The lead screw 32 is vertically arranged. The upper end of the lead screw 32 is connected to the output shaft of the driving motor 31, and the lower end can be rotatably connected to the frame 1 through a bearing.
[0057] Further, as Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 shown, the impact detector further includes a nut seat 100. The nut 33 and the cantilever rod 4 are respectively fixed to the nut seat 100. Sliders 200 are provided on both sides of the nut seat 100, and slide rails 300 are provided on the frame 1. The sliding fit between the sliders 200 and the slide rails 300 guides the lifting movement of the nut 33. Specifically, the nut 33 can be fixedly connected to the nut seat 100 by bolts, and the cantilever rod 4 can be welded to the nut seat 100 to enhance the connection strength. When the nut 33 moves up and down under the drive of the driving motor 31, the sliders 200 slide along the slide rails 300 to guide the lifting movement of the nut 33, improving the reliability and stability of driving the cantilever rod 4 to move up and down.
[0058] Further, as Figure 4 and Figure 5 shown, the nut seat 100 is provided with an installation channel 101 that penetrates up and down. The nut 33 is fixed in the installation channel 101, and the cantilever rod 4 is provided with an avoidance hole 41 for the lead screw 32 to penetrate up and down. Through this setting, it helps to improve the structural compactness of the lifting device 3 and the balance of force, ensuring the stable operation of the whole machine. To avoid interference of the cantilever rod 4 with the rotation of the lead screw 32, the diameter of the avoidance hole 41 should be larger than the outer diameter of the lead screw 32 to prevent the cantilever rod from contacting the lead screw 32.
[0059] As a preferred embodiment of the present application, as Figure 1 and Figure 6As shown, the frame 1 includes a bottom frame 11 and a vertical frame 12 erected on one side of the bottom frame 11. The detection table 2 is installed in the bottom frame 11, and the lifting device 3 is installed in the vertical frame 12. Preferably, both the bottom frame 11 and the vertical frame 12 can be rectangular structures assembled by aluminum profiles.
[0060] Furthermore, as Figure 6 shown, a protective fence is provided above the bottom frame 11. The protective fence extends along the circumference of the bottom frame 11 and is provided with a front door 14 that can be opened and closed. Preferably, the protective fence can be formed by a wire mesh (not shown in the figure) and a frame 13. The frame 13 can be assembled into an L shape by aluminum profiles. One end of the frame 13 is connected to the vertical frame 12, and the other end is connected to the bottom frame 11. A frame 13 is provided on each of the left and right sides of the bottom frame 11. A wire mesh is installed inside the frame 13, and a wire mesh is also installed inside the vertical frame 12 near the bottom frame 11. The wire mesh surrounds the left and right sides and the rear side of the whole machine, and the front door 14 is provided on the front side. The front door 14 can be hinged and installed on the frame 13 on one side. Those skilled in the art can understand that the setting of the protective fence can intercept and limit the falling metal impact detection piece 6, so that it is limited within the protective fence, preventing the metal impact detection piece 6 from running outside the detector. After the detection is completed, only need to open the front door 14 to take out the metal impact detection piece 6 from within the protective fence, improving the operation convenience.
[0061] As a preferred embodiment of the present application, as Figure 1 shown, a touch display screen 400 for controlling the lifting device 3 and the electromagnetic device 5 is installed on the frame 1, so that the operator can directly control the lifting of the lifting device 3 and the power on and off of the electromagnetic device 5 through the touch display screen 400, improving the operation convenience. The specific control method can be realized through electronic control technology and communication technology, which will not be elaborated here.
[0062] As a preferred embodiment of the present application, as Figure 1 shown, a plurality of rollers 500 are installed at the bottom of the frame 1, facilitating the pushing of the whole machine for displacement, which is labor-saving and convenient during the displacement process.
[0063] In the present application, those not described can be realized by adopting or referring to existing technologies.
[0064] Each embodiment in this specification is described in a progressive manner. The same or similar parts among the embodiments can be referred to each other, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments.
[0065] The above are only embodiments of the present application and are not intended to limit the present application. For those skilled in the art, various modifications and changes can be made to the present application. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included within the scope of the claims of the present application.
Claims
1. A new energy charging gun impact detector, characterized in that, The impact detector includes a frame, a detection table, and an impact detection assembly. The impact detection assembly includes a lifting device, a cantilever rod, an electromagnetic device, and a metal impact detector. The lifting device is installed on the frame and can drive the cantilever rod to move up and down. The electromagnetic device is arranged on the cantilever rod and can move along the length direction of the cantilever rod. The detection table is fixedly installed on the frame and is located below the cantilever rod. The detection table has a placement surface for placing a new energy charging gun. The electromagnetic device can adsorb the metal impact detector or release the metal impact detector to make the metal impact detector fall and impact the new energy charging gun on the detection table.
2. The new energy charging gun impact detector according to claim 1, wherein the detection table includes a flat plate portion and a support portion protruding from the top of the flat plate portion. The top surface of the support portion is the placement surface. The detection table is provided with a plurality of fixing holes penetrating through the upper and lower ends. The impact detector further includes a cable tie, and the cable tie cooperates with the fixing holes to be able to tie and fix the new energy charging gun on the placement surface.
3. The new energy charging gun impact detector according to claim 1, wherein a sliding seat is installed on the cantilever rod, the electromagnetic device is arranged on the sliding seat, and the sliding seat slides along the length direction of the cantilever rod to drive the electromagnetic device to move.
4. The new energy charging gun impact detector according to claim 3, wherein at least one end of the cantilever rod is provided with a limiting member, and the limiting member abuts against the sliding seat to limit the sliding seat from detaching from the cantilever rod.
5. The new energy charging gun impact detector according to claim 1, wherein the lifting device includes a driving motor and a lead screw-nut kinematic pair driven by the driving motor. The driving motor is fixedly installed on the frame. The upper end of the lead screw of the lead screw-nut kinematic pair is connected to the output shaft of the driving motor, and the lower end of the lead screw is rotatably connected to the frame. The nut of the lead screw-nut kinematic pair is used to drive the cantilever rod to move up and down.
6. The new energy charging gun impact detector according to claim 5, wherein the impact detector further includes a nut seat. The nut and the cantilever rod are respectively fixed to the nut seat. Sliders are provided on both sides of the nut seat, and slide rails are provided on the frame. The sliding cooperation between the sliders and the slide rails guides the lifting movement of the nut.
7. The new energy charging gun impact detector according to claim 6, wherein the nut seat is provided with an installation channel penetrating through the upper and lower ends. The nut is fixed in the installation channel, and the cantilever rod is provided with an avoidance hole for the lead screw to penetrate up and down.
8. The new energy charging gun impact detector according to any one of claims 1-7, wherein the frame includes a bottom frame and a vertical frame erected on one side of the bottom frame. The detection table is installed in the bottom frame, and the lifting device is installed in the vertical frame.
9. The new energy charging gun impact detector according to claim 8, wherein A guardrail is provided above the bottom frame, and the guardrail extends along the circumferential direction of the bottom frame and is provided with a front door that can be opened and closed.
10. The new energy charging gun impact detection machine according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that A touch display screen for controlling the lifting device and the electromagnetic device is installed on the frame; And / or, a plurality of rollers are installed at the bottom of the frame.