High-precision GNSS antenna

Abstract

The utility model relates to the navigation antenna field, and discloses a high precision GNSS antenna comprising an upper cover, a pedestal, a medium antenna, a PCB circuit board, a shielding cover and a reflection sheet, the upper cover and the pedestal are covered to form an accommodation cavity, the medium antenna, the PCB circuit board, the shielding cover and the reflection sheet are accommodated in the accommodation cavity, and the reflection sheet is arranged in the accommodation cavity. The dielectric antenna is installed above the PCB and electrically connected with the PCB, the shielding case is installed below the PCB, and the reflector plate is located below the shielding case. The utility model has the following advantages: the size is small and can be adjusted according to the installation position on the vehicle; the structure is stable, and the installation mode can be adjusted according to different scenes; the installation scenes are diversified and are not easily influenced by the external installation environment; under the action of the reflector plate, AR, PCO and PCV are ensured, and the gain and bandwidth of the antenna can be improved; the navigation system is diversified, and different frequency band signals of different navigation systems can be adjusted and received according to requirements.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of navigation antennas, and more specifically, to a high-precision GNSS antenna. Background Art

[0002] A GNSS antenna (the full name of GNSS is Global Navigation Satellite System) is mainly used as a transmitting antenna in a frequency reuse system and as a receiving antenna in a GPS navigation and positioning system. Existing antennas are directly installed inside a vehicle. Due to the complex installation environment inside the vehicle, there is not only a small installation space but also many component interferences, resulting in poor axial ratio, phase center offset (PCO), and phase deviation (PCV) values of the GNSS (L1 + L2 + L5) high-precision navigation antenna, weakened anti-interference ability, and the product cannot fully meet the requirements of high-precision application scenarios. Summary of the Utility Model

[0003] To solve at least one of the above problems, the utility model first provides a high-precision GNSS antenna, which includes an upper cover, a base, a dielectric antenna, a PCB circuit board, a shielding cover, and a reflector. The upper cover and the base are covered and combined to form an accommodation cavity. The dielectric antenna, the PCB circuit board, the shielding cover, and the reflector are all accommodated in the accommodation cavity. The dielectric antenna is installed above the PCB circuit board and electrically connected to the PCB circuit board. The shielding cover is installed below the PCB circuit board, and the reflector is located below the shielding cover.

[0004] Optionally, the reflector is sheet-shaped and made of a metal material.

[0005] Optionally, the upper cover is provided with a slot, and the base is provided with a buckle. The buckle and the slot are engaged to pre-position the upper cover and the base.

[0006] Optionally, it further includes a waterproof rubber ring. An installation groove is provided on the base, and the waterproof rubber ring is installed in the installation groove. A butting portion protrudes downward from the bottom of the upper cover, and the butting portion abuts against the waterproof rubber ring.

[0007] Optionally, the waterproof rubber ring is fixed on the base by a two-color injection molding process, and the reflector is fixed on the base by a hot riveting process.

[0008] Optionally, it further includes a connector for plugging into an external device. The connector includes a connector body and a connector housing. The connector body is disposed on the PCB circuit board, and the connector housing is disposed on the base. The connector housing is sleeved on the connector body.

[0009] Optionally, the connector uses a FAKRA connector.

[0010] Optionally, the PCB is provided with dielectric antenna mounting feed holes, and the dielectric antenna mounting feed holes are single-feed holes, two-feed holes or four-feed holes.

[0011] Optionally, the PCB is a dielectric antenna circuit board, and a circuit adapted to the dielectric antenna is provided on the PCB.

[0012] Optionally, the dielectric antenna uses a GNSS ceramic dielectric antenna.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the high-precision GNSS antenna in the present invention has the following advantages:

[0014] 1. Small volume, which can be adjusted according to the installation position on the vehicle;

[0015] 2. Stable structure, and the installation method can be adjusted according to different scenarios;

[0016] 3. Diverse installation scenarios and not easily affected by the external installation environment;

[0017] 4. Under the action of the reflector, AR (axial ratio), PCO (phase center offset), and PCV (phase center variation) are guaranteed, and the antenna gain and bandwidth can also be improved;

[0018] 5. Diverse navigation systems, and different frequency band signals of different navigation systems (Beidou, GPS, Galileo, GLONASS, etc.) can be received according to requirements. Description of the Drawings

[0019] Figure 1 It is a structural diagram of the high-precision GNSS antenna according to the embodiment of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 It is an exploded view of the high-precision GNSS antenna according to the embodiment of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 3 It is a structural diagram of the upper cover according to the embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 4 It is a test data diagram of the gain parameter of the L1 frequency band of the high-precision GNSS antenna;

[0023] Figure 5 It is a test data diagram of the axial ratio parameter of the L1 frequency band of the high-precision GNSS antenna;

[0024] Figure 6 It is a test data diagram of the standing wave ratio parameter of the L1 frequency band of the high-precision GNSS antenna;

[0025] Figure 7 Test data graph of the gain parameter in the L5 frequency band of a high-precision GNSS antenna;

[0026] Figure 8 Test data graph of the axial ratio parameter in the L5 frequency band of a high-precision GNSS antenna;

[0027] Figure 9 Test data graph of the standing wave ratio parameter in the L5 frequency band of a high-precision GNSS antenna.

[0028] Explanation of reference numerals:

[0029] 1. Upper cover; 11. Card slot; 12. Contact part; 2. Base; 21. Snap; 22. Installation groove; 23. Connector housing; 3. Dielectric antenna; 4. PCB circuit board; 41. Connector body; 5. Shielding cover; 6. Reflective sheet; 7. Waterproof rubber ring; Gain, Gain; Axialratio, Axial ratio; SWR, Standing wave ratio; Frequency, Frequency. Specific embodiments

[0030] To make the above objects, features, and advantages of the present invention more obvious and understandable, the following will describe the specific embodiments of the present invention in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0031] An embodiment of the present invention provides a high-precision GNSS antenna, combined with Figures 1 to 9 as shown, including an upper cover 1, a base 2, a dielectric antenna 3, a PCB circuit board 4, a shielding cover 5, and a reflective sheet 6. The upper cover 1 and the base 2 are covered together to form an accommodation cavity. The dielectric antenna 3, the PCB circuit board 4, the shielding cover 5, and the reflective sheet 6 are all accommodated in the accommodation cavity. The dielectric antenna 3 is installed above the PCB circuit board 4 and is electrically connected to the PCB circuit board 4. The shielding cover 5 is installed below the PCB circuit board 4, and the reflective sheet 6 is located below the shielding cover 5.

[0032] As Figure 2 shown in the direction, in this embodiment, the base 2 is provided with mounting posts, and the PCB circuit board 4 abuts above the mounting posts and is threadedly connected to the mounting posts. The dielectric antenna 3 is used in cooperation with the PCB circuit board 4 to receive signals, process signals, and improve positioning accuracy. The shielding cover 5 is used to reduce the influence of electromagnetic interference and radio frequency interference on signals, improve the signal transmission efficiency and reception sensitivity, and ensure the purity and stability of signals.

[0033] Optionally, the reflector 6 is sheet-shaped and made of a metal material. The size of the reflector 6 can be adjusted according to the size of the dielectric antenna 3. The reflector 6 can isolate the interference of the devices below the installation position of the dielectric antenna 3 to the antenna. Since the installation environment of the high-precision GNSS antenna will greatly affect the performance of the dielectric antenna 3 such as bandwidth, gain, axial ratio, and stability, the reflector 6 can effectively eliminate most of the negative impacts. At the same time, the reflector 6 can effectively increase the grounding area of the dielectric antenna 3, improve the performance of the dielectric antenna 3 such as bandwidth, axial ratio, phase center offset (PCO), and phase deviation (PCV), and greatly ensure the positioning accuracy of the dielectric antenna 3.

[0034] As Figure 1 and Figure 2 shown, optionally, the upper cover 1 is provided with a card slot 11, and the base 2 is provided with a buckle 21. The buckle 21 and the card slot 11 are engaged to pre-position the upper cover 1 and the base 2. In this embodiment, there are four card slots 11 and buckles 21, which are respectively arranged on the four side walls of the upper cover 1 and the base 2. After the snap-in pre-positioning, the upper cover 1 and the base 2 are fixed by bolts.

[0035] As Figure 2 and Figure 3 shown, optionally, a waterproof rubber ring 7 is further included. The base 2 is provided with an installation groove 22, and the waterproof rubber ring 7 is installed in the installation groove 22. The bottom of the upper cover 1 is convexly provided with an abutting portion 12, and the abutting portion 12 abuts against the waterproof rubber ring 7. The waterproof rubber ring 7 is arranged between the upper cover 1 and the base 2, which can effectively seal and protect the parts in the accommodation cavity and prevent dust and water from entering.

[0036] Optionally, the waterproof rubber ring 7 is fixed on the base 2 by a two-color injection molding process, and the reflector 6 is fixed on the base 2 by a thermal riveting process.

[0037] As Figure 2 shown, optionally, a connector is further included. The connector is used to plug in an external device. The connector includes a connector body 41 and a connector housing 23. The connector body 41 is arranged on the PCB circuit board 4, and the connector housing 23 is arranged on the base 2. The connector housing 23 is sleeved on the connector body 41.

[0038] Optionally, the connector adopts a FAKRA connector. The FAKRA connector is plugged and connected to an externally adapted device.

[0039] Optionally, the PCB circuit board 4 is provided with a dielectric antenna installation and feeding hole, and the dielectric antenna installation and feeding hole is a single feeding hole or a two-feeding hole or a four-feeding hole.

[0040] Optionally, the PCB circuit board 4 is a dielectric antenna circuit board, and a circuit adapted to the dielectric antenna 3 is provided on the PCB circuit board 4.

[0041] The circuit adapted to the dielectric antenna 3 means a circuit that adjusts the impedance when the dielectric antenna 3 outputs, using an LCR circuit (a circuit composed of an inductor L, a capacitor C, and a resistor R) to achieve the optimal state.

[0042] Optionally, the dielectric antenna 3 adopts a GNSS ceramic dielectric antenna. In this embodiment, the dielectric antenna 3 is made of ceramic material. In other embodiments, the dielectric antenna 3 can also be made of other materials with different dielectric constants.

[0043] The high-precision GNSS antenna realizes the positioning function by receiving multi-band signals from different satellite navigation systems (such as GPS, Beidou, GLONASS, etc.). To effectively capture these space signals, the high-precision GNSS antenna has the following core technical characteristics:

[0044] 1. Wideband design: covering multiple navigation frequency bands to meet the multi-system compatibility requirements;

[0045] 2. Optimized radiation characteristics: multi-angle gain distribution, excellent axial ratio performance, stable phase center and extremely small offset;

[0046] 3. Anti-interference design: through the combined action of the shielding cover 5 and the reflector 6, suppressing the ground multipath effect and partially compensating for the time delay error caused by the satellite signal passing through the ionosphere and troposphere;

[0047] 4. Signal enhancement module: an amplification circuit is provided inside the PCB circuit board 4 to amplify the received weak signal to meet the minimum processing standard of the externally adapted receiver.

[0048] 5. Composite positioning technology: combining auxiliary systems such as RTK (Real-Time Kinematic) and DR (Dead Reckoning) to jointly improve the navigation accuracy.

[0049] While eliminating the interference of external devices, the reflector 6 also improves the performance of the antenna such as gain, axial ratio, and bandwidth, making the stability, reliability, and anti-interference ability of the received signal better. And because of the sheet structure of the reflector 6 and its small size, the overall volume of the high-precision GNSS antenna is small, the height is low, and the installation is convenient.

[0050] Compared with the prior art, the high-precision GNSS antenna in the present utility model has the following advantages:

[0051] 1. Small volume, which can be adjusted according to the installation position on the vehicle;

[0052] 2. Firm structure, and the installation method can be adjusted according to different scenarios;

[0053] 3. The installation scenarios are diverse and are not easily affected by the external installation environment;

[0054] 4. Under the action of the reflector 6, the AR (axial ratio), PCO (phase center offset), and PCV (phase center variation) are guaranteed, and the antenna gain and bandwidth can also be improved;

[0055] 5. The navigation systems are diverse and can receive different frequency band signals of different navigation systems (such as Beidou, GPS, Galileo, GLONASS, etc.) according to requirements.

[0056] Reference Figures 4 to 9 Shown in the test data, the vertex axial ratios of the L1 frequency band and the L5 frequency band meet the requirement of 2 dB. The vertex gains of the L1 frequency band all meet the requirement of being greater than 5 dBi. The standing wave ratios of the L1 frequency band and the L5 frequency band are both less than 2. The gain, axial ratio, and standing wave ratio parameters in the entire frequency band are shown in the following table:

[0057] L1 band 1561 MHz 1575 MHz 1602 MHz Gain 5.14 5.65 5.39 Axial ratio 1.61 1.69 1.78 Voltage Standing Wave Ratio (VSWR) 1.37 1.37 1.17 L5 band 1166 MHz 1191 MHz 1217 MHz Gain 2.06 3.68 1.09 Axial ratio 0.52 0.86 0.73 Voltage Standing Wave Ratio (VSWR) 1.46 1.59 1.35

[0058] The gain described in the above table is the maximum gain at the vertex, and the axial ratio described is the axial ratio at the vertex.

[0059] Equivalently, the components included in the "components", "mechanisms", and "devices" of the present disclosure can also be flexibly combined, that is, modular production can be carried out according to the actual situation and assembled modularly as an independent module; they can also be assembled separately to form a module in this device. The division of the above components in the present disclosure is only one embodiment for the convenience of reading, rather than a limitation on the protection scope of the present disclosure. As long as the above components are included and have the same function, it should be understood as an equivalent technical solution of the present disclosure.

[0060] In the description of the present disclosure, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the present disclosure and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present disclosure.

[0061] In addition, the terms "first", "second", etc. are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the quantity of the indicated technical features. Thus, features defined with "first", "second", etc. may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of the present disclosure, the meaning of "a plurality" is at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise specifically defined.

[0062] In the present disclosure, unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, the terms "mounted", "connected", "coupled", "fixed", etc. should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it may be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or integrated; it may be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it may be the internal communication of two components or the interaction relationship between two components, unless otherwise clearly limited. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present disclosure can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0063] In the present disclosure, unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, the first feature being "on" or "under" the second feature may be that the first and second features are in direct contact, or the first and second features are in indirect contact through an intermediate medium. Moreover, the first feature being "above", "over" and "on top of" the second feature may be that the first feature is directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or merely indicates that the first feature has a higher horizontal height than the second feature. The first feature being "under", "beneath" and "underneath" the second feature may be that the first feature is directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or merely indicates that the first feature has a lower horizontal height than the second feature.

[0064] It should be noted that when an element is referred to as being "fixed to", "arranged on", "secured to" or "installed on" another element, it may be directly on the other element or there may also be an intermediate element. When an element is considered to "connect to" another element, it may be directly connected to the other element or there may be an intermediate element at the same time. Further, when an element is considered to be "fixedly connected" to another element, the two may be fixed in a detachable connection manner or a non-detachable connection manner, such as socket connection, snap connection, integrally formed fixation, welding, etc., which can be achieved in the traditional technology and will not be elaborated here.

[0065] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined arbitrarily. For the sake of brevity of description, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, it should be considered as the scope recorded in this specification.

[0066] The above embodiments merely represent several implementation manners of the present disclosure. The description thereof is relatively specific and detailed, but it should not be construed as a limitation on the scope of the utility model patent. It should be noted that for those of ordinary skill in the art, several variations and improvements can be made without departing from the inventive concept of the present disclosure, and these all fall within the protection scope of the present disclosure.

Claims

1. A high-precision GNSS antenna, characterized in that, It includes an upper cover (1), a base (2), a dielectric antenna (3), a PCB circuit board (4), a shielding cover (5) and a reflector (6). The upper cover (1) and the base (2) are covered together to form a receiving cavity. The dielectric antenna (3), the PCB circuit board (4), the shielding cover (5) and the reflector (6) are all accommodated in the receiving cavity. The dielectric antenna (3) is installed above the PCB circuit board (4) and electrically connected to the PCB circuit board (4). The shielding cover (5) is installed below the PCB circuit board (4), and the reflector (6) is located below the shielding cover (5).

2. The high-precision GNSS antenna according to claim 1, wherein, The reflector (6) is sheet-shaped and made of metal material.

3. The high-precision GNSS antenna according to claim 1, wherein The upper cover (1) is provided with a slot (11), and the base (2) is provided with a buckle (21). The buckle (21) and the slot (11) are engaged with each other to pre-position the installation of the upper cover (1) and the base (2).

4. The high-precision GNSS antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, It further includes a waterproof rubber ring (7). An installation groove (22) is provided on the base (2), and the waterproof rubber ring (7) is installed in the installation groove (22). A butting portion (12) protrudes downward from the bottom of the upper cover (1), and the butting portion (12) abuts against the waterproof rubber ring (7).

5. The high-precision GNSS antenna according to claim 4, wherein, The waterproof rubber ring (7) is fixed on the base (2) by a two-color injection molding process, and the reflector (6) is fixed on the base (2) by a thermal riveting process.

6. The high-precision GNSS antenna according to claim 1, wherein It further includes a connector for plugging into an external device. The connector includes a connector body (41) and a connector housing (23). The connector body (41) is provided on the PCB circuit board (4), the connector housing (23) is provided on the base (2), and the connector housing (23) is sleeved on the connector body (41).

7. The high-precision GNSS antenna according to claim 6, wherein The connector adopts a FAKRA connector.

8. The high-precision GNSS antenna according to claim 1, wherein A dielectric antenna installation feed hole is provided on the PCB circuit board (4), and the dielectric antenna installation feed hole is a single-feed hole or a two-feed hole or a four-feed hole.

9. The high-precision GNSS antenna according to claim 8, wherein, The PCB circuit board (4) is a dielectric antenna circuit board, and a circuit adapted to the dielectric antenna (3) is provided on the PCB circuit board (4).

10. The high-precision GNSS antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, The dielectric antenna (3) adopts a GNSS ceramic dielectric antenna.

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