Antenna device and wearable equipment

Abstract

The embodiment of the utility model discloses an antenna device and wearable equipment. The antenna device comprises a dielectric substrate and an antenna array. The antenna array is attached to the first surface of the dielectric substrate and comprises a first antenna array element and a second antenna array element which is spaced from the first antenna array element. Wherein the antenna array has a first working frequency and a second working frequency higher than the first working frequency; and the distance d between the center of the first antenna array element and the center of the second antenna array element meets the condition that d is larger than or equal to 0.35 lambda L and smaller than or equal to 0.45 lambda L, and lambda L is the wavelength of the antenna array in the free space under the first working frequency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of antennas, and particularly to an antenna device and a wearable device. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of information technology, wireless communication technologies such as the Wireless Body Area Network (WBAN) technology centered on the human body have become research hotspots. This technology can upload the data collected by sensors to personal terminals such as mobile phones and tablets, and achieve real-time monitoring. In addition, through wired or wireless network access, WBAN can act as a node in the entire communication network to achieve data sharing and information transmission on a large scale.

[0003] As an important part of WBAN, wearable antennas (also known as wearable antennas) have received increasing attention in research and application. However, conventional wearable antennas are usually single-frequency and single-polarized, and their design and implementation are relatively simple, only suitable for scenarios with relatively simple communication requirements and stable communication environments. In addition, conventional wearable antennas are vulnerable to interference from signals in other frequency bands or polarization directions, and it is difficult to achieve high-precision data sharing and information transmission in the entire communication network and harsh environments.

[0004] In addition, wearable devices (also known as wearable devices) need to be in contact with the human body for a long time, and their comfort directly affects the user experience and acceptance. Currently, the wearable antennas configured on wearable devices only use flexible materials to reduce the weight of the antennas, but they often lack miniaturization and low-profile designs in terms of volume. Summary of the Utility Model

[0005] The antenna device and wearable device provided by the embodiments of the present application can solve or partially solve the above-mentioned deficiencies or other deficiencies in the prior art.

[0006] On the one hand, the present application provides an antenna device, which includes: a dielectric substrate; an antenna array attached to the first surface of the dielectric substrate and including a first antenna element and a second antenna element having a spacing from the first antenna element, wherein the antenna array has a first operating frequency and a second operating frequency higher than the first operating frequency; and the distance d between the center of the first antenna element and the center of the second antenna element satisfies: 0.35λ L ≤d≤0.45λ L where λ L is the wavelength in free space at the first operating frequency of the antenna array.

[0007] According to an embodiment of the present application, both the first antenna element and the second antenna element include microstrip patch antennas.

[0008] According to an embodiment of the present application, the first antenna element and the second antenna element have the same shape and the same size.

[0009] According to an embodiment of the present application, the dielectric substrate further includes a second surface opposite to the first surface, the antenna device further includes a metal floor attached to the second surface; and both the first antenna element and the second antenna element include coaxial ports connected to the metal floor, wherein the first coaxial port located in the first antenna element or the second coaxial port located in the second antenna element is excited to enable the antenna array to achieve polarization in a first direction; and the third coaxial port located in the first antenna element or the fourth coaxial port located in the second antenna element is excited to enable the antenna array to achieve polarization in a second direction perpendicular to the first direction.

[0010] According to an embodiment of the present application, the position of the first coaxial port in the first antenna element is the same as the position of the second coaxial port in the second antenna element; and the position of the third coaxial port in the first antenna element is the same as the position of the fourth coaxial port in the second antenna element.

[0011] According to an embodiment of the present application, a first slot is provided in the edge region of the first antenna element and a second slot is provided in the edge region of the second antenna element, wherein the number of the first slots is equal to the number of the second slots and the number is an even number.

[0012] According to an embodiment of the present application, multiple first slots are symmetric with respect to the center of the first antenna element; and multiple second slots are symmetric with respect to the center of the second antenna element.

[0013] According to an embodiment of the present application, the first slot and the second slot have the same shape and the same size.

[0014] According to an embodiment of the present application, the shapes of both the first slot and the second slot include a rectangle, a "Ji" shape, a "bow" shape, an "L" shape, and a "C" shape.

[0015] According to an embodiment of the present application, multiple first notches are provided in the edge region of the first antenna element to reduce the size of the first antenna element; and multiple second notches are provided in the edge region of the second antenna element to reduce the size of the second antenna element.

[0016] According to an embodiment of the present application, the shapes of both the first antenna element and the second antenna element include a rectangle, wherein both the first notch and the second notch are located at the vertex angles of the rectangle.

[0017] According to an embodiment of the present application, the shapes of both the first notch and the second notch include a rectangle.

[0018] According to an embodiment of the present application, the material of the dielectric substrate includes at least one of Rogers material, LCP material, and MPI material.

[0019] On the other hand, the present application provides a wearable device, including: an antenna device provided in any one of the embodiments of the present application; a micro control unit and a switching switch respectively connected to the antenna device, wherein the micro control unit is configured to excite the antenna device; and the switching switch is configured to switch the polarization state of the antenna device.

[0020] It should be understood that the content described in this part is not intended to identify the key or important features of the embodiments of the present disclosure, nor is it used to limit the scope of the present disclosure. Other features of the present disclosure will become easily understood through the following description. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Other features, objects, and advantages of the present application will become more obvious by reading the detailed description of the non-limiting embodiments with reference to the following drawings. The drawings are used to better understand the solution and do not constitute a limitation to the present application.

[0022] In the drawings:

[0023] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna device according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0024] Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna device according to another embodiment of the present application;

[0025] Figure 3 is Figure 1 a reflection coefficient curve graph of the shown antenna device;

[0026] Figure 4 is Figure 1 a radiation pattern of the shown antenna device in the first polarization state;

[0027] Figure 5 is Figure 1 a radiation pattern of the shown antenna device in the second polarization state;

[0028] Figure 6 is Figure 1 a comparison graph of coupling coefficients of the shown antenna device at different element center spacings;

[0029] Figure 7 is Figure 1 a comparison graph of phase consistency between elements of the shown antenna device at different element center spacings;

[0030] Figure 8 is Figure 2Reflection coefficient curve graph of the shown antenna device;

[0031] Figure 9 is a structural and operation schematic diagram of a wearable device according to an embodiment of the present application; and

[0032] Figure 10 is a flowchart of a preparation method of an antenna device according to an embodiment of the present application. Detailed implementation manners

[0033] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, it should be noted that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings. It is only for the convenience of describing the embodiments of the present application and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation to the embodiments of the present application. In addition, the terms "first", "second", "third" are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0034] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, it should be noted that unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, the terms "connected" and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the embodiments of the present application can be understood according to specific situations.

[0035] In the embodiments of the present application, unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, the first feature being "on" or "under" the second feature can be that the first and second features are in direct contact, or the first and second features are indirectly in contact through an intermediate medium. Moreover, the first feature being "above", "over" and "on" the second feature can be that the first feature is directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature has a higher horizontal height than the second feature. The first feature being "under", "beneath" and "under" the second feature can be that the first feature is directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature has a lower horizontal height than the second feature.

[0036] The following describes exemplary embodiments of the present application with reference to the accompanying drawings, including various details of the embodiments of the present application to facilitate understanding. It should be considered that they are only exemplary. Therefore, those of ordinary skill in the art should recognize that various changes and modifications can be made to the embodiments described herein without departing from the scope and spirit of the present application. Similarly, for the sake of clarity and conciseness, the description of well-known functions and structures is omitted below.

[0037] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments and features of the embodiments in the present application can be combined with each other. The present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in combination with the embodiments.

[0038] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna device 1000 according to an embodiment of the present application. Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna device 1000 according to another embodiment of the present application.

[0039] like Figure 1 - Figure 2 As shown, some embodiments of the present application provide an antenna device 1000, which may include a dielectric substrate 101 and an antenna array 300. The dielectric substrate 101 includes a first surface 101-1 and a second surface 101-2 that are oppositely disposed. The antenna array 300 is attached to the first surface 101-1 of the dielectric substrate 101, and includes a first antenna array element 301 and a second antenna array element 302 that is spaced apart from the first antenna array element 301. The antenna array 300 has a first operating frequency and a second operating frequency that is higher than the first operating frequency. The distance d between the center of the first antenna array element 301 and the center of the second antenna array element 302 satisfies: 0.35λ L ≤d≤0.45λ L ,λ L is the wavelength of the antenna array 300 in free space at the first operating frequency.

[0040] It should be noted that the above center can be understood as the geometric center of the first antenna array element or the geometric center of the second antenna array element. In addition, in the drawings of this document, only the number, structure and position of the antenna array elements are shown exemplarily, but it can be understood that the antenna array elements shown in the drawings and related contents of this document are only shown for the convenience of illustration, and this application is not limited thereto. Those skilled in the art can adjust the antenna array element according to the inventive concept of this application to achieve the same technical effect.

[0041] According to the antenna device provided by at least one embodiment of the present application, the antenna array may include a plurality of antenna array elements, and the distance d between the centers of adjacent antenna array elements satisfies: 0.35λ L ≤d≤0.45λ L ,λ L is the wavelength of the antenna array in free space at the first operating frequency. This can enhance the radiation performance of the antenna array, enabling the entire communication network where the antenna device is located to achieve high-precision data sharing and information transmission.

[0042] Specifically, in some embodiments of the present application, the dielectric substrate 101 can be prepared from Rogers materials, such as Rogers 3003 with flexible characteristics, where the relative dielectric constant ε r of Rogers 3003 is ε r = 3, and the loss tangent tanδ = 0.0013. In addition, the dielectric substrate 101 can also be prepared from low dielectric loss LCP (Liquid Crystal Polymer) materials, MPI (Modified Polyimide) materials, and hybrid materials of LCP and MPI. Optionally, the dielectric loss d f can satisfy d f < 0.002. Additionally, the thickness of the dielectric substrate 101 can be set according to actual requirements, and dielectric substrates 101 of any thickness can be obtained by using a lamination technique, which is not limited in the present application.

[0043] As an option, both the first antenna element 301 and the second antenna element 302 can include microstrip patch antennas. In addition, the shapes of the first antenna element 301 and the second antenna element 302 can be the same, and their sizes can also be the same, which can effectively reduce the complexity of the antenna array structure. In addition, the shapes of the first antenna element 301 and the second antenna element 302 can include square, circular, or other irregular shapes, which are not limited in the present application.

[0044] Optionally, the size of the first antenna element 301 or the second antenna element 302 can be 0.26λ L × 0.26λ L ; or, the size of the first antenna element 301 or the second antenna element 302 can be 0.24λ L × 0.24λ L . For example, Figure 1 the size of the first antenna element 301 or the second antenna element 302 of the antenna device 1000 shown can be 0.26λ L × 0.26λ L ; Figure 2 the size of the first antenna element 301 or the second antenna element 302 of the antenna device 1000 shown can be 0.24λ L × 0.24λ L , however, the present application is not limited herein.

[0045] Optionally, the distance d between the center of the first antenna element 301 and the center of the second antenna element 302 can be 0.35λ L , 0.40λ L , 0.41λ L or 0.45λ Land so on. This can enhance the radiation performance of the antenna array, enabling the entire communication network where the antenna device is located to achieve high-precision data sharing and information transmission.

[0046] In addition, the antenna device 1000 further includes a metal floor 201, and the metal floor 201 is attached to the second surface 101-2 of the dielectric substrate 101. The metal floor 201 can be made of a conductive material, such as copper. In addition, the conductive material can also be any one of the following materials: aluminum, stainless steel, brass, or their alloys, etc.

[0047] In some embodiments of the present application, both the first antenna element 301 and the second antenna element 302 can include coaxial ports connected to the metal floor 201. For example, the first coaxial port 401 and the third coaxial port 403 in the first antenna element 301, and the second coaxial port 402 and the fourth coaxial port 404 in the second antenna element 302.

[0048] The coaxial ports can be used to feed the first antenna element 301 and the second antenna element 302. For example, the outer conductor of the coaxial port can be connected to the metal floor 201, and the inner conductor of the coaxial port can be connected to the feeding probe, so as to realize feeding the first antenna element 301 and the second antenna element 302.

[0049] As an option, the metal floor 201 can include welded SMA (Shape Memory Alloy) connectors, and the inner conductors of the SMA connectors can be connected to the first antenna element 301 and the second antenna element 302 through the first coaxial port 401, the second coaxial port 402, the third coaxial port 403, and the fourth coaxial port 404.

[0050] When the first coaxial port 401 or the second coaxial port 402 is excited, the antenna array 300 can achieve first-direction polarization, such as vertical polarization; when the third coaxial port 403 or the fourth coaxial port 404 is excited, the antenna array 300 can achieve second-direction polarization perpendicular to the first direction, such as horizontal polarization.

[0051] Specifically, at a given point in space, the electric field strength E (vector) is a unary function of time t. As time goes by, the end point of the vector periodically depicts a trajectory in space. If the trajectory is a straight line, it can be called linear polarization. If the straight line of the trajectory is perpendicular to the ground, it can be called vertical polarization; if it is horizontal to the ground, it can be called horizontal polarization. In other words, vertical polarization can be understood as the electric field strength E of the electromagnetic wave being perpendicular to the incident plane; horizontal polarization can be understood as the electric field strength E of the electromagnetic wave being parallel to the incident plane.

[0052] When the first coaxial port 401 or the second coaxial port 402 is excited, the remaining coaxial ports can be connected to 50Ω matching loads, enabling the antenna array 300 to achieve vertical polarization; when the third coaxial port 403 or the fourth coaxial port 404 is excited, the remaining coaxial ports can also be connected to 50Ω matching loads, enabling the antenna array 300 to achieve horizontal polarization. Each antenna element in the antenna array can be connected to the metal floor through two different coaxial ports. By exciting different coaxial ports, dual polarization of the antenna array can be achieved.

[0053] In other words, at least one embodiment of the present application provides a compact and small-sized dual-polarized antenna array. In this compact and small-sized dual-polarized antenna array, the distance d between the centers of adjacent antenna elements satisfies: 0.35λ L ≤d≤0.45λ L , where λ L is the wavelength in free space of the antenna array 300 at the first operating frequency. In addition, each antenna element in the antenna array can be connected to the metal floor through two different coaxial ports. By exciting different coaxial ports, dual polarization of the miniaturized antenna array is achieved.

[0054] Optionally, the position of the first coaxial port 401 in the first antenna element 301 is the same as the position of the second coaxial port 402 in the second antenna element 302; the position of the third coaxial port 403 in the first antenna element 301 is the same as the position of the fourth coaxial port 404 in the second antenna element 302. This can effectively reduce the complexity of the antenna array structure.

[0055] In addition, in some embodiments of the present application, a first slot 501 may be provided in the edge region of the first antenna element 301 and a second slot 502 may be provided in the edge region of the second antenna element 302. The number of the first slots 501 may be equal to the number of the second slots 502, and this number is an even number. For example, 2 first slots 501 may be provided in the edge region of the first antenna element 301, and 2 second slots 502 may be provided in the edge region of the second antenna element 302; or, 4 first slots 501 may be provided in the edge region of the first antenna element 301, and 4 second slots 502 may be provided in the edge region of the second antenna element 302. However, the present application does not limit this here.

[0056] By providing the first slot 501 in the edge region of the first antenna element 301 and the second slot 502 in the edge region of the second antenna element 302, high-frequency resonance can be introduced, enabling the antenna array 300 to achieve dual-frequency performance. The antenna array 300 has a first operating frequency and a second operating frequency higher than the first operating frequency.

[0057] For example, the antenna array 300 can operate in the N78 frequency band and the ISM (Industrial Scientific Medical) frequency band. In addition, the antenna array 300 can also be applied in other frequency bands such as the L band, X band, millimeter wave, etc., which are not limited in this application.

[0058] As an option, in the application scenario where the antenna device 1000 is applied to a wearable device, the antenna array 300 can operate at different operating frequencies simultaneously, can support more device connections, and provide less network latency; it can transmit data arbitrarily, shorten the distance between transmission and reception, and prevent interference between different users.

[0059] Optionally, multiple first slots 501 can be symmetric with respect to the center of the first antenna element 301, and multiple second slots 502 can be symmetric with respect to the center of the second antenna element 302. In addition, the shapes of the first slot 501 and the second slot 502 can be the same, and their sizes can also be the same. This can improve the effect of high-frequency resonance on the basis of effectively reducing the complexity of the antenna array structure, and enable the first antenna element and the second antenna element to operate at the same frequency, improving their consistency.

[0060] In addition, the shapes of the first slot 501 and the second slot 502 can each include a rectangle, a "ji" shape, a "bow" shape, an "L" shape, a "C" shape. For example, Figure 1 the shapes of the first slot 501 and the second slot 502 shown are both rectangles; Figure 2 the shapes of the first slot 501 and the second slot 502 shown are both "ji" shapes.

[0061] In addition, in some embodiments of the present application, a plurality of first notches (such as Figure 1 the area circled by the dashed oval frame in the first antenna element 301) can be provided in the edge region of the first antenna element 301 to reduce the size of the first antenna element 301. Similarly, a plurality of second notches (such as Figure 1 the area circled by the dashed oval frame in the second antenna element 302) can be provided in the edge region of the second antenna element 302 to reduce the size of the second antenna element 302.

[0062] For example, the shapes of the first antenna element 301 and the second antenna element 302 can each include a rectangle, and the first notch and the second notch can both be located at the top corners of the rectangular shape. Optionally, the shapes of the first notch and the second notch can each include a rectangle.

[0063] By removing a part of the edge region of the antenna element, the size of the antenna element can be reduced, the overall size of the antenna array can be decreased, and a miniaturized and low-profile antenna device can be achieved. For example, in some embodiments of the present application, the overall size (length × width × height) of the antenna array can be 0.75λ L ×0.35λ L ×0.02λ L . In addition, to enhance the above technical effects, the thickness of the dielectric substrate 101 can also be reduced.

[0064] Thus, according to the antenna device provided by at least one embodiment of the present application, the antenna array can include a plurality of antenna elements, and the distance d between the centers of adjacent antenna elements satisfies: 0.35λ L ≤d≤0.45λ L , where λ L is the wavelength in free space of the antenna array 300 at the first operating frequency. This can enhance the radiation performance of the antenna array, enabling the entire communication network where the antenna device is located to achieve high-precision data sharing and information transmission. In other words, if the distance d between the centers of adjacent antenna elements is greater than 0.45λ L , the overall size of the antenna device will be too large; if the distance d between the centers of adjacent antenna elements is less than 0.35λ L , the coupling between the antenna elements will be too strong and the phase consistency will deteriorate. For example, when applied to wearable devices, the positioning accuracy of the antenna device in the positioning system electronic device will become weaker.

[0065] Figure 3 is Figure 1 the reflection coefficient curve graph of the antenna device 1000 shown. Figure 4 is Figure 1 the radiation pattern of the antenna device 1000 in the first polarization state shown. Figure 5 is Figure 1 the radiation pattern of the antenna device 1000 in the second polarization state shown. Figure 6 is Figure 1 the coupling coefficient comparison graph of the antenna device 1000 at different element center spacings shown. Figure 7 is Figure 1 the phase consistency comparison graph between elements of the antenna device 1000 at different element center spacings shown. Figure 8 is Figure 2 the reflection coefficient curve graph of the antenna device 1000 shown.

[0066] Specifically, as Figure 3 shown, Figure 3 in which the abscissa represents the operating frequency (GHz) of the antenna element, Figure 3 and the ordinate represents the reflection coefficient S parameter (dB) of the antenna array. FromFigure 3 It can be observed that the center resonance frequencies of the antenna array are 3.58 GHz and 5.8 GHz. Accordingly, the operating bandwidths of the antenna array are 3.53 GHz to 3.61 GHz and 5.53 GHz to 6.08 GHz, where |S11|, |S22|, |S33|, and |S44| are all less than -20, so the impedance matching performance of the antenna array is good.

[0067] As Figure 4 shown, Figure 4 FIG. shows the radiation pattern of the antenna device 1000 in the first polarization state in one embodiment, where the peak gain of the antenna array is 6.3 dBi, the cross-polarization ratio performance is good, and the radiation efficiency of the antenna array is 93%. The radiation performance of the antenna array has been greatly improved, enabling the entire communication network where the antenna device is located to achieve high-precision data sharing and information transmission.

[0068] In addition, as Figure 5 shown, Figure 5 FIG. shows the radiation pattern of the antenna device 1000 in the second polarization state in one embodiment, where the peak gain of the antenna array is 6.37 dBi, the cross-polarization ratio performance is good, and the radiation efficiency of the antenna array is 94%. Similarly, the radiation performance of the antenna array has been greatly improved, enabling the entire communication network where the antenna device is located to achieve high-precision data sharing and information transmission.

[0069] Figure 6 is Figure 1 a comparison of the coupling coefficients of the antenna device 1000 shown at different element center spacings. Taking the different spacings between the first antenna element 301 and the second antenna element 302 as an example, Figure 6 FIG. shows that the first distance S12_d between the first antenna element 301 and the second antenna element 302 is 0.35λ L , the second distance S12_d between the first antenna element 301 and the second antenna element 302 is 0.4λ L ; and the third distance S12_d between the first antenna element 301 and the second antenna element 302 is 0.45λ L . As Figure 6 shown, as the distance between the first antenna element 301 and the second antenna element 302 increases continuously, the coupling between the elements weakens continuously.

[0070] Figure 7It shows the phase consistency of different antenna elements at the above three distances. As an option, taking the center of the antenna element as the reference point, assuming the center of the antenna element is the origin (0, 0, 0) of the three-dimensional coordinate system, the distribution of the phase consistency between antenna elements can be obtained by taking the difference within the azimuth angle θ ∈ (-45°, 45°) and the elevation angle φ ∈ (-45°, 45°). As the distance between the centers of adjacent antenna elements increases, the coupling between antenna elements continuously weakens, resulting in continuous improvement of the phase consistency between antenna elements. In particular, when applied to wearable devices, the positioning accuracy of the antenna device in the positioning system electronic device can be enhanced. In other words, the distance d between the centers of adjacent antenna elements satisfies: 0.35λ L ≤d≤0.45λ L ,λ L is the wavelength in free space of the antenna array 300 at the first operating frequency. This can prevent the coupling between antenna elements from being too strong, and the phase can still be maintained in a relatively good consistent state. For example, when applied to wearable devices, the antenna device will maintain a high positioning accuracy in the positioning system electronic device. In addition, when the distance d between the centers of adjacent antenna elements is within the above range, the overall size of the antenna device can also be relatively small, for example, suitable for application in miniaturized wearable devices.

[0071] As Figure 8 shown, Figure 8 the abscissa in it represents the operating frequency (GHz) of the antenna element, Figure 8 and the ordinate in it represents the reflection coefficient S parameter (dB) of the antenna array. It can be observed from Figure 8 that the center resonance frequencies of the antenna array are 3.58 GHz and 5.8 GHz. Correspondingly, the operating bandwidths of the antenna array are 3.54 GHz to 3.6 GHz and 5.42 GHz to 6.17 GHz, and the impedance matching performance of the antenna array is relatively good. In addition, compared with the antenna device 1000 shown in Figure 1 , the impedance matching performance of the antenna device 1000 shown in Figure 2 is further enhanced, and the operating bandwidth in the high-frequency band is further broadened.

[0072] Figure 9 is a structural and operating schematic diagram of a wearable device according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0073] As Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 9As shown, some embodiments of the present application provide a wearable device. Optionally, the wearable device may include the antenna device 1000 provided in any of the above embodiments. In addition, the wearable device may further include a microcontroller unit (MCU) and a switching switch. The microcontroller unit may include multiple internal structures such as a central processor, a memory, an input / output port, a timer / counter, an analog-to-digital converter, etc. The present application does not limit the internal structure of the microcontroller unit. The microcontroller unit can be used to excite the above-mentioned antenna device 1000, and the switching switch can be used to switch the polarization state of the antenna device 1000.

[0074] Specifically, the wearable device may further include an operation module. The operation module can give a control signal to control the microcontroller unit, thereby realizing functions such as screen display, audio, and camera (CAM). In addition, the microcontroller unit and the antenna device 1000 can be connected through a radio frequency connection line to feed the antenna array 300. In addition, the polarization state of the antenna array 300 can be switched in real time through the switching switch. In the wearable device, the antenna elements are connected to the metal floor through two different coaxial ports, thereby realizing the dual polarization of the antenna array, and the polarization state of the antenna array is switched in real time and rapidly through the switching switch, so that the wearable device reduces the polarization loss and can accurately receive electromagnetic waves. In particular, the positioning accuracy and accurate information transmission can be improved in the application of the wearable device. In addition, the content related to this in the antenna device 1000 can be fully or partially applied to the wearable device, so the related or similar content will not be described in detail.

[0075] Figure 10 is a schematic flowchart of a preparation method 2000 of an antenna device according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0076] As Figure 10 shown, some embodiments of the present application provide a preparation method 2000 of an antenna device. The preparation method 2000 includes:

[0077] Step S1, providing a dielectric substrate.

[0078] Step S2, attaching an antenna array to the first surface of the dielectric substrate. The antenna array includes a first antenna element and a second antenna element having a spacing from the first antenna element. The antenna array has a first operating frequency and a second operating frequency higher than the first operating frequency. The distance d between the center of the first antenna element and the center of the second antenna element satisfies: 0.35λ L ≤d≤0.45λ L , λ L is the wavelength in free space of the antenna array at the first operating frequency.

[0079] Specifically, referring to Figure 1 ,Figure 2 and Figure 10 In some embodiments of the present application, the dielectric substrate 101 can be prepared from Rogers material, such as Rogers 3003 with flexible characteristics, where the relative dielectric constant ε r of Rogers 3003 is ε r = 3, and the loss tangent tanδ = 0.0013. In addition, the dielectric substrate 101 can also be prepared from low dielectric loss LCP material, MPI material, and hybrid materials of LCP and MPI. Optionally, the dielectric loss d f can satisfy d f < 0.002. Additionally, the thickness of the dielectric substrate 101 can be set according to actual requirements, and the dielectric substrate 101 with any thickness can be processed by lamination technology, which is not limited in this application.

[0080] The dielectric substrate 101 includes a first surface 101-1 and a second surface 101-2 which are oppositely arranged. After forming the dielectric substrate 101, the antenna array 300 can be attached to the first surface 101-1 of the dielectric substrate 101, where the antenna array 300 can include a first antenna element 301 and a second antenna element 302 having a spacing from the first antenna element 301.

[0081] The antenna array 300 has a first operating frequency and a second operating frequency higher than the first operating frequency. The distance d between the center of the first antenna element 301 and the center of the second antenna element 302 satisfies: 0.35λ L ≤ d ≤ 0.45λ L , where λ L is the wavelength in free space of the antenna array 300 at the first operating frequency. Optionally, the distance d between the center of the first antenna element 301 and the center of the second antenna element 302 can be 0.35λ L , 0.40λ L , 0.41λ L or 0.45λ L and so on. This can enhance the radiation performance of the antenna array, enabling the entire communication network where the final formed antenna device is located to achieve high-precision data sharing and information transmission.

[0082] In some embodiments of the present application, the antenna array 300 can be attached to the first surface 101-1 of the dielectric substrate 101 by a printing process.

[0083] For example, both the first antenna element 301 and the second antenna element 302 can include microstrip patch antennas. The antenna array 300 including the first antenna element 301 and the second antenna element 302 can be attached to the first surface 101-1 of the dielectric substrate 101 by a printing process.

[0084] In addition, the shapes of the first antenna element 301 and the second antenna element 302 may be the same, and their sizes may also be the same, which can effectively simplify the manufacturing process of the antenna device and reduce the complexity of the antenna array structure. In addition, the shapes of the first antenna element 301 and the second antenna element 302 may each include a square, a circle, or other irregular shapes, which are not limited in this application.

[0085] In some embodiments of the present application, the method 2000 for manufacturing the antenna device may further include: forming a metal floor 201 on the second surface 101-2 of the dielectric substrate 101 by using a printing process; and forming coaxial ports connected to the metal floor 201 in both the first antenna element 301 and the second antenna element 302, where a first coaxial port 401 and a third coaxial port 403 may be formed in the first antenna element 301, and a second coaxial port 402 and a fourth coaxial port 404 may be formed in the second antenna element 302. When the first coaxial port 401 or the second coaxial port 402 is excited, the antenna array 300 can achieve first-direction polarization. In addition, when the third coaxial port 403 or the fourth coaxial port 404 is excited, the antenna array 300 can achieve second-direction polarization.

[0086] Specifically, the metal floor 201 may be made of a conductive material, such as copper. In addition, the conductive material may also be any one of the following materials: aluminum, stainless steel, brass, or their alloys, etc.

[0087] The coaxial ports can be used to feed the first antenna element 301 and the second antenna element 302. For example, the outer conductor of the coaxial port can be connected to the metal floor 201, and the inner conductor of the coaxial port can be connected to the feeding probe, so as to realize feeding the first antenna element 301 and the second antenna element 302.

[0088] When the first coaxial port 401 or the second coaxial port 402 is excited, the remaining coaxial ports can be connected to 50Ω matching loads to make the antenna array 300 achieve first polarization (vertical polarization); when the third coaxial port 403 or the fourth coaxial port 404 is excited, the remaining coaxial ports can also be connected to 50Ω matching loads to make the antenna array 300 achieve second polarization (horizontal polarization). Each antenna element in the antenna array can be connected to the metal floor through two different coaxial ports. By exciting different coaxial ports, dual polarization of the miniaturized antenna array can be realized.

[0089] In addition, the position of the first coaxial port 401 in the first antenna element 301 may be the same as the position of the second coaxial port 402 in the second antenna element 302; the position of the third coaxial port 403 in the first antenna element 301 may be the same as the position of the fourth coaxial port 404 in the second antenna element 302. This can effectively simplify the manufacturing process of the antenna device and reduce the complexity of the antenna array structure.

[0090] In addition, in some embodiments of the present application, the manufacturing method 2000 of the antenna device may further include: using an etching process to form a first slot (such as Figure 1 the area circled by the dashed elliptical frame in the first antenna element 301) in the edge area of the first antenna element 301, and forming a second slot (such as Figure 1 the area circled by the dashed elliptical frame in the second antenna element 302) in the edge area of the second antenna element 302, where the number of the first slots may be equal to the number of the second slots, and the number is an even number.

[0091] For example, 2 first slots 501 may be provided in the edge area of the first antenna element 301, and 2 second slots 502 may be provided in the edge area of the second antenna element 302; or, 4 first slots 501 may be provided in the edge area of the first antenna element 301, and 4 second slots 502 may be provided in the edge area of the second antenna element 302. However, the present application does not limit this here.

[0092] By providing the first slot 501 in the edge area of the first antenna element 301 and the second slot 502 in the edge area of the second antenna element 302, high-frequency resonance can be introduced, enabling the antenna array 300 to achieve dual-frequency performance. The antenna array 300 has a first operating frequency and a second operating frequency higher than the first operating frequency.

[0093] For example, the antenna array 300 may operate in the N78 band and the ISM band. In addition, the antenna array 300 may also be used in other frequency bands such as the L band, the X band, and millimeter waves. The present application does not limit this here.

[0094] As an option, in the application scenario where the antenna device 1000 is applied to a wearable device, the antenna array 300 can operate at different operating frequencies simultaneously, can support more device connections, and provide less network latency; can transmit data arbitrarily, shorten the distance between transmission and reception, and prevent interference between different users.

[0095] Optionally, multiple first slots 501 may be symmetric with respect to the center of the first antenna element 301, and multiple second slots 502 may be symmetric with respect to the center of the second antenna element 302. In addition, the shapes of the first slot 501 and the second slot 502 may be the same, and their sizes may also be the same. This can improve the effect of high-frequency resonance on the basis of effectively reducing the complexity of the antenna array structure, enable the first antenna element and the second antenna element to operate at the same frequency, and improve their consistency.

[0096] In addition, the shapes of the first slot 501 and the second slot 502 may each include a rectangle, a "ji" shape, a "bow" shape, an "L" shape, a "C" shape. For example, Figure 1 the shapes of the first slot 501 and the second slot 502 shown are both rectangles; Figure 2 the shapes of the first slot 501 and the second slot 502 shown are both "ji" shapes.

[0097] For example, the shapes of the first antenna element 301 and the second antenna element 302 may each include a rectangle, and the first notch and the second notch may both be located at the top corners of the rectangular shape. Optionally, the shapes of the first notch and the second notch may each include a rectangle.

[0098] By removing a part of the edge region of the antenna element, the size of the antenna element can be reduced, the overall size of the antenna array can be reduced, and a miniaturized and low-profile antenna device can be realized. For example, in some embodiments of the present application, the overall size (length × width × height) of the antenna array may be 0.75λ L ×0.35λ L ×0.02λ L . In addition, to enhance the above technical effects, the thickness of the dielectric substrate 101 may also be reduced.

[0099] Therefore, according to the method for manufacturing an antenna device provided by at least one embodiment of the present application, the antenna array may include multiple antenna elements, and the distance d between the centers of adjacent antenna elements satisfies: 0.35λ L ≤d≤0.45λ L , where λ L is the wavelength in free space at the first operating frequency of the antenna array. This can enhance the radiation performance of the antenna array and enable the entire communication network where the antenna device is located to achieve high-precision data sharing and information transmission.

[0100] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present application and an explanation of the applied technical principles. Those skilled in the art should understand that the scope of the invention involved in the embodiments of the present application is not limited to the technical solutions formed by the specific combination of the above technical features, but should also cover other technical solutions formed by any combination of the above technical features or their equivalent features without departing from the above inventive concept. For example, the technical solutions formed by mutually replacing the above features with the technical features (but not limited to) disclosed in the embodiments of the present application that have similar functions.

Claims

1. An antenna device, characterized in that, Comprising: A dielectric substrate; An antenna array attached to the first surface of the dielectric substrate and including a first antenna element and a second antenna element spaced apart from the first antenna element, wherein the antenna array has a first operating frequency and a second operating frequency higher than the first operating frequency; and The distance d between the center of the first antenna element and the center of the second antenna element satisfies: 0.35λ L ≤d≤0.45λ L , λ L is the wavelength in free space of the antenna array at the first operating frequency.

2. The antenna device according to claim 1, characterized in that Both the first antenna element and the second antenna element include microstrip patch antennas.

3. The antenna device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The first antenna element and the second antenna element have the same shape and size.

4. The antenna device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The dielectric substrate further includes a second surface opposite to the first surface, and the antenna device further includes a metal floor attached to the second surface; and Both the first antenna element and the second antenna element include coaxial ports connected to the metal floor, wherein, the first coaxial port located in the first antenna element or the second coaxial port located in the second antenna element is excited to enable the antenna array to achieve first-direction polarization; and The third coaxial port located in the first antenna element or the fourth coaxial port located in the second antenna element is excited to enable the antenna array to achieve second-direction polarization perpendicular to the first direction.

5. The antenna device according to claim 4, wherein The position of the first coaxial port in the first antenna element is the same as the position of the second coaxial port in the second antenna element; and The position of the third coaxial port in the first antenna element is the same as the position of the fourth coaxial port in the second antenna element.

6. The antenna device according to claim 1, characterized in that, A first slit is provided in the edge region of the first antenna element and a second slit is provided in the edge region of the second antenna element, wherein, the number of the first slits is equal to the number of the second slits, and the number is an even number.

7. The antenna device according to claim 6, characterized in that, Multiple first slits are symmetric with respect to the center of the first antenna element; and Multiple second slits are symmetric with respect to the center of the second antenna element.

8. The antenna device according to claim 6, wherein, The first slit and the second slit have the same shape and size.

9. The antenna device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The shapes of the first slit and the second slit both include rectangle, "J" shape, "bow" shape, "L" shape, "C" shape.

10. The antenna device according to claim 1, characterized in that, Multiple first notches are provided in the edge region of the first antenna element to reduce the size of the first antenna element; and Multiple second notches are provided in the edge region of the second antenna element to reduce the size of the second antenna element.

11. The antenna device according to claim 10, wherein, The shape of the first antenna element and the shape of the second antenna element both include rectangle, wherein, the first notches and the second notches are both located at the top corners of the rectangle.

12. The antenna device according to claim 11, wherein, The shape of the first notch and the shape of the second notch both include rectangle.

13. The antenna device according to claim 1, characterized in that The material of the dielectric substrate includes at least one of Rogers material, LCP material and MPI material.

14. A wearable device, characterized in that, Comprising: The antenna device according to any one of claims 1-13; and A microcontroller unit and a switching switch respectively connected to the antenna device, wherein, the microcontroller unit is used to excite the antenna device; and The switching switch is used to switch the polarization state of the antenna device.

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