Annular forge piece preforming die and forming device thereof
The ring-shaped forging pre-forming die and two-step forming process address the high force requirement of thick-walled, short-height ring forgings by using grooved upper dies and centering rings to lower forming forces and costs.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202422113033.9
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-08-29
- Publication Date
- 2025-07-15
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-08-29
AI Technical Summary
In the prior art, the molding method of using tire molding methods requires a large forming force for processing ring forgings with thicker wall thickness and smaller height, resulting in high requirements for hydraulic presses and the need to replace equipment when processing is not possible, resulting in increased cost problems.
A ring forging preforming mold is provided, which is formed by step-by-step loading. First, preforming is used with an upper mold with grooves, and then a second molding is used with a final molding, reducing the forming force per step and reducing the cost of equipment replacement.
The molding force required for the molding process is reduced, the cost increase caused by equipment replacement is avoided, and the molding accuracy and safety is improved.
Smart Images
Figure CN223097908U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model relates to the field of forging and forming, and particularly relates to a preforming die for an annular forging and a forming device thereof. Background Art
[0002] As Figure 1 shown, for a forging of a certain superalloy fairing, the inner diameter dimension of the forging is 350 mm, the minimum axial height is 30 mm, the radial wall thickness is 130 mm, and the wall thickness / height ≈ 4.3. According to the structural characteristics of the forging, a production plan of ring rolling blanking → die forging is adopted. However, due to the narrow forging temperature range and large deformation resistance of the superalloy, and at the same time, the wall thickness of this forging is relatively thick and the height is short, the forming force required for die forging is close to 8500 T, which puts higher requirements on the hydraulic press. When the hydraulic press cannot meet the requirements, the workpiece cannot be processed, and replacing the forming equipment will bring huge cost increases.
[0003] Therefore, there is currently a need for a technical solution to solve the technical problem that when processing an annular forging with a relatively thick wall thickness and a relatively small height by using a die forging method, a large forming force is required. Summary of the Utility Model
[0004] The purpose of the utility model is to overcome the technical problem that when processing an annular forging with a relatively thick wall thickness and a relatively small height by using a die forging method in the prior art, a large forming force is required, and to provide a preforming die for an annular forging and a forming device thereof.
[0005] In a first aspect, the utility model provides a preforming die for an annular forging, including an upper die and a lower die.
[0006] Lower die: A first fitting surface is provided at the end of the lower die, and the first fitting surface is adapted to the shape of the upper end surface of the annular forging.
[0007] Upper die: A second fitting surface is provided at the end of the upper die, the second fitting surface is adapted to the shape of the lower end surface of the annular forging, and a plurality of grooves are provided on the second fitting surface.
[0008] For the preforming die for an annular forging of the utility model, when in use, the annular forging blank is placed on the upper end surface of the lower die and abuts against the first fitting surface at the top of the lower die. The upper die is placed on the upper end surface of the annular forging blank, and its second fitting surface abuts against the upper end surface of the annular forging. The upper die is driven by a forming device to press down the annular forging blank, so that both end surfaces of the annular forging blank reach a preset shape. Since grooves are provided on the second fitting surface of the upper die, a part of the area of the upper end surface of the blank comes into contact with and is extruded by the upper die during the pressing process. Therefore, the forming force required during the pressing process can be reduced, and the problem of cost increase caused by replacing equipment can be avoided.
[0009] Preferably, it further includes an alignment ring. The lower die is provided with a first avoidance hole, and the lower die is sleeved on the alignment ring through the first avoidance hole. The upper die is provided with a second avoidance hole, and the upper die is sleeved on the alignment ring through the second avoidance hole.
[0010] During use, first sleeve the lower die on the alignment ring, then sleeve the annular forging blank on the alignment ring, and finally sleeve the upper die on the alignment ring. During the forming process, the alignment ring plays a blocking role on the inner side of the annular forging blank, preventing the annular forging from extending inward during the forming process and improving the preforming accuracy of the annular forging.
[0011] Preferably, a plurality of the grooves are evenly arranged around the second avoidance hole.
[0012] So that during the downward pressing of the upper die, it contacts the annular forging blank more smoothly, ensuring the safe use of the forming equipment and improving the preforming quality of the annular forging.
[0013] Preferably, the number of the grooves is four.
[0014] The four grooves are arranged at intervals around the second avoidance hole. Setting four grooves has a relatively simple processing technology and can realize the smooth downward pressing of the upper die.
[0015] Preferably, the groove is set in a fan shape with a central angle of α, and 15° ≤ α ≤ 45°.
[0016] That is, the total area of the four grooves accounts for 1 / 6 to 1 / 2 of the second fitting surface. For an annular forging with an inner diameter of 350 mm, an axial height of at least 30 mm, and a radial wall thickness of 130 mm, the forming force required for preforming and final forming is controlled below 8500T.
[0017] Preferably, the diameters of the first avoidance hole and the second avoidance hole are both D, and the diameter of the alignment ring is d, and D - d = 2 mm ± 1 mm.
[0018] That is, a gap of 1 mm to 3 mm is provided between the inner wall of the upper die or the inner wall of the lower die and the outer wall of the alignment ring. During the downward pressing of the upper die, it can avoid the alignment ring located in the middle of the blank, prevent friction between the upper die and the alignment ring, and at the same time ensure the accuracy of the die forming of the annular forging. Moreover, due to the existence of this gap, it is easier to separate the alignment ring from the upper die or the lower die after forming.
[0019] Preferably, before demolding after the annular forging is formed, the total height of the upper die, the annular forging, and the lower die is H, the total height of the lower die and the annular forging is H1, and the height of the alignment ring is h, and H1 < h ≤ H.
[0020] h ≤ H enables the upper die to be pressed down in place during the forming process, avoiding interference with the pressing down of the upper die caused by the presence of the middle ring. h > H1 ensures that the middle ring can limit the inner wall of the ring forging blank during the forming process.
[0021] Preferably, the middle ring is provided with an inner hole, and the inner hole is arranged along the axial direction of the middle ring.
[0022] Setting the inner hole can reduce the weight of the middle ring, facilitating the installation and removal of the middle ring.
[0023] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a forming device, including a ring forging preforming die as described above, and further including a final forming upper die. One side of the final forming upper die is provided with a third fitting surface, and the third fitting surface is adapted to the shape of the upper end surface of the ring forging. The final forming upper die is provided with a third avoidance hole, and the final forming upper die is sleeved on the middle ring through the third avoidance hole.
[0024] For a forming device of the present invention, after the ring forging blank is formed by a ring forging preforming die as described above, the upper die is removed and the final forming upper die is replaced. The final forming upper die presses down the ring forging blank through the third fitting surface adapted to the shape of the upper end surface of the ring forging, so that the upper end surface of the ring forging is finally formed. The forming method of step-by-step loading and die forging is adopted for forming, reducing the forming force required for each forming process and lowering the production cost.
[0025] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:
[0026] The present invention provides a ring forging preforming die and its forming device. The original ring forging formed in one step is formed by a step-by-step loading method. In the first step, a preforming of the ring forging blank is carried out by setting an upper die with a groove, and in the second step, a second forming of the upper end surface of the ring forging blank is carried out by the final forming upper die, reducing the forming force required for the forming process and avoiding the problem of increased cost caused by replacing equipment. Description of the Drawings
[0027] Figure 1 is a structural schematic diagram of a certain superalloy fairing forging;
[0028] Figure 2 is a structural schematic diagram of a ring forging preforming die of the present invention;
[0029] Figure 3 is a structural schematic diagram of the upper die of the present invention;
[0030] Figure 4 is a structural schematic diagram of the final forming upper die of the present invention;
[0031] Markings in the figure:
[0032] 1 - Lower die, 11 - First fitting surface, 2 - Upper die, 21 - Second fitting surface, 22 - Groove, 23 - Second avoidance hole, 3 - Central alignment ring, 31 - Inner hole, 4 - Final forming upper die, 41 - Third fitting surface, 42 - Third avoidance hole. Specific embodiments
[0033] The present utility model will be further described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments. However, this should not be construed as limiting the scope of the above - mentioned subject matter of the present utility model to the following embodiments. All technologies implemented based on the content of the present utility model belong to the scope of the present utility model.
[0034] In the description of the specific embodiments of the present utility model, without special explanation, the expression terms of the orientation or position relationship such as "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "center", "inner", "outer", etc. are all based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the drawings, or the orientation or position relationship when the utility model product / device / equipment is commonly used. These terms of orientation or position relationship are only for the convenience of describing the solution of the present utility model or simplifying the description in the specific embodiments, facilitating technicians to quickly understand the solution, rather than indicating or implying that a specific device / component / element must have a specific orientation or be constructed and operated in a specific position relationship. Therefore, it should not be construed as a limitation to the present utility model.
[0035] In addition, if terms such as "horizontal", "vertical", "hanging", "parallel", etc. appear, it does not mean that the corresponding device / component / element is required to be absolutely horizontal or vertical or hanging or parallel, but can be slightly inclined or have a deviation. For example, "horizontal" only means that its direction is more horizontal relative to "vertical", and does not mean that the structure must be completely horizontal, but can be slightly inclined. Or, it can be simply understood that the corresponding device / component / element is arranged in the directions of "horizontal", "vertical", "hanging", "parallel", etc., and can have an error / deviation of ±10% relative to the corresponding direction setting, more preferably within ±8%, more preferably within ±6%, more preferably within ±5%, more preferably within ±4%. As long as the corresponding device / component / element is within the error / deviation range, it can still play its role in the solution of the present utility model.
[0036] In addition, the expressions such as "first", "second", "third", etc. in the terms are only used to distinguish the description of the same or similar components, and should not be understood as emphasizing or implying the relative importance of specific components.
[0037] In addition, in the description of the embodiments of the present utility model, "several", "multiple", and "a number of" represent at least two. It can be any case such as 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, etc., and even can be a case exceeding 9.
[0038] In addition, in the description of the technical solutions of the present utility model, unless otherwise clearly specified / defined / restricted, when terms such as "set", "installed", "connected", "connected", "provided with", "laid", and "arranged" appear, they should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection. It can be connection means commonly used in the art such as welding, riveting, bolting, and threaded connection. Such a connection can be a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or a communication connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be the communication inside two components.
[0039] Embodiment 1
[0040] As Figure 2 and Figure 3 shown, a preforming die for a ring forging includes an upper die 2 and a lower die 1.
[0041] Lower die 1: A first fitting surface 11 is provided at the end of the lower die 1, and the first fitting surface 11 is adapted to the shape of the upper end surface of the ring forging.
[0042] Upper die 2: A second fitting surface 21 is provided at the end of the upper die 2, and the second fitting surface 21 is adapted to the shape of the lower end surface of the ring forging. A number of grooves 22 are provided on the second fitting surface 21.
[0043] During use, the ring forging blank is placed on the upper end surface of the lower die 1 and abuts against the first fitting surface 11 at the top of the lower die 1. The upper die 2 is placed on the upper end surface of the ring forging blank, and its second fitting surface 21 abuts against the upper end surface of the ring forging. The upper die 2 is driven by a forming device to press down the ring forging blank, so that both end surfaces of the ring forging blank reach a preset shape. Since the grooves 22 are provided on the second fitting surface 21 of the upper die 2, a part of the area of the upper end surface of the blank comes into contact with and is extruded by the upper die 2 during the pressing process. Therefore, the forming force required during the pressing process can be reduced, and the problem of increased cost caused by replacing equipment can be avoided.
[0044] In order to improve the forming accuracy of the ring forging and reduce the left - right slip of the upper die 2 during the pressing process, a centering ring 3 is added to the preforming device. The centering ring 3 is provided with an inner hole 31, and the inner hole 31 is arranged along the axis direction of the centering ring 3. The inner hole 31 can reduce the weight of the centering ring 3, which is convenient for the installation and removal of the centering ring 3.
[0045] Upper die 2: The upper die 2 is provided with a second avoidance hole 23. The upper die 2 is sleeved on the centering ring 3 through the second avoidance hole 23, and the diameter of the second avoidance hole 23 is D.
[0046] Grooves 22 on the end face of the upper die 2: A plurality of the grooves 22 are evenly arranged around the second avoidance hole 23, so that when the upper die 2 is pressed down, it contacts the annular forging blank more smoothly, ensuring the use safety of the forming equipment and improving the preforming quality of the annular forging. The number of the grooves 22 is at least two. In this embodiment, the number of the grooves 22 is set to four. The four grooves 22 are arranged at intervals around the second avoidance hole 23. Setting four grooves 22 has a relatively simple processing technology and can realize the stable pressing down of the upper die 2. The shape of the grooves 22 is set as a sector, and its central angle is α, 15° ≤ α ≤ 45°, that is, the total area of the four grooves 22 accounts for 1 / 6 to 1 / 2 of the second fitting surface. For an annular forging with an inner diameter of 350 mm, an axial height of at least 30 mm, and a radial wall thickness of 130 mm, the forming force required for preforming and final forming is controlled below 8500T.
[0047] Lower die 1: The lower die is provided with a first avoidance hole. The lower die 1 is sleeved on the centering ring 3 through the first avoidance hole, and the diameter of the first avoidance hole is D.
[0048] Diameter design of the centering ring 3: The diameter of the centering ring 3 is d, D - d = 2 mm ± 1 mm, that is, a gap of 1 mm to 3 mm is provided between the inner wall of the upper die 2 and the outer wall of the centering ring 3, so that during the pressing down process of the upper die 2, the centering ring 3 located in the middle of the blank can be avoided, and friction between the upper die 2 and the centering ring 3 can be avoided. At the same time, the accuracy of the die forming of the annular forging can be ensured, and because of the existence of this gap, it is easier to separate the centering ring 3 from the upper die 2 or the lower die 1 after forming.
[0049] Height design of the centering ring 3: The height of the centering ring 3 is h. Before demolding after the annular forging is formed, the total height of the upper die 2, the annular forging, and the lower die 1 is H, and the total height of the lower die 1 and the annular forging is H1, H1 < h ≤ H. h ≤ H enables the upper die 2 to be pressed down in place during the forming process, avoiding interference with the pressing down of the upper die 2 caused by the existence of the centering ring 3. h > H1 ensures that the centering ring 3 can play a limiting role on the inner wall of the annular forging blank during the forming process.
[0050] Embodiment 2
[0051] Such as Figure 2 、 Figure 3 And Figure 4As shown in the figure, in this embodiment, a forming device is provided, which includes a ring forging preforming die as described in Embodiment 1, and further includes a final forming upper die 4. A third fitting surface 41 is provided on one side of the final forming upper die 4. The third fitting surface 41 is adapted to the shape of the upper end surface of the ring forging. The final forming upper die 4 is provided with a third avoidance hole 42, and the final forming upper die 4 is sleeved on the centering ring 3 through the third avoidance hole 42.
[0052] In the forming device of this embodiment, after the blank of the ring section is formed by the ring forging preforming die as described in Embodiment 1, the upper die 2 is removed and the final forming upper die 4 is replaced. The final forming upper die 4 presses down the blank of the ring section through the third fitting surface 41 adapted to the shape of the upper end surface of the ring forging, so that the upper end surface of the blank of the ring section is finally formed. The method of step-by-step loading and die forging is used for forming, reducing the forming force required for each forming process and lowering the production cost.
[0053] The steps of using the forming device of this embodiment for forming ring forgings include:
[0054] 1) Blanking: According to the forming law and volume requirement of the ring forging, the blanking size of the forging is Φ250mm×168mm, and the blanking weight is 74.9kg; the blanking length tolerance is controlled according to (+3 / -2)mm.
[0055] 2) Chamfering: Chamfer the two end faces of the bar stock with R15mm to avoid defects such as cracks and folds generated by the end face sharp corners during the forming process.
[0056] 3) Heating: The heating equipment uses a box-type resistance furnace, and the requirement for the temperature uniformity of the resistance furnace is ±10℃.
[0057] Heating temperature: 1050~1150℃
[0058] Insulation time: 130min~311min
[0059] 4) Upsetting and punching: Upset the blank according to H = 55mm±3mm, and then use a punch with a diameter of Φ160mm for punching, and the core height of the punch is ≤18mm; the upsetting downward speed is ≤25mm / s.
[0060] 5) Heating: The heating requirements and temperature are the same as those in 3), and the insulation time is: 65~245min
[0061] 6) Primary pre-rolling and flat end face:
[0062] Roll the blank on a vertical ring rolling mill according to ~Φ481mm×Φ260±5mm×~60mm; the rolling time is ≤20s.
[0063] Subsequently, transfer the forging to the hydraulic press to perform flat end faces according to the dimensions of ~Φ502mm×~Φ260mm×52±3mm; the transfer time ≤ 20s; the pressing rate ≤ 25mm / s;
[0064] 7) Heating: The heating requirements and temperature are the same as those in item 3), and the heat preservation time is: 60 - 240min
[0065] 8) Secondary pre-rolling and flat end faces:
[0066] Transfer the billet to the vertical ring rolling mill to perform rolling according to ~Φ539mm×Φ345±5mm×~57mm; the rolling time ≤ 30s;
[0067] Subsequently, transfer the forging to the hydraulic press to perform flat end faces according to the dimensions of ~Φ559mm×~Φ342mm×50±3mm; the transfer time ≤ 20s; the pressing rate ≤ 25mm / s;
[0068] 9) Coating: Uniformly apply glass coating TG-6 on the surface of the forging, and the coating thickness is 0.5mm - 1.5mm;
[0069] 10) Heating: The heating requirements and temperature are the same as those in item 3), and the heat preservation time is: 60 - 240min;
[0070] 11) Pre-forming: Use the pre-forming die as described in Embodiment 1 to perform the first-step loading and forming on the billet. The forming height of this process is restricted by the die, and the height is controlled according to H = 143±3mm; the pressing rate ≤ 20mm / s.
[0071] 12) Coating: Uniformly apply glass coating TG-6 on the surface of the forging, and the coating thickness is 0.5mm - 1.5mm;
[0072] 13) Heating: The heating requirements and temperature are the same as those in item 3), and the heat preservation time is: 60 - 240min;
[0073] 14) Final forming: Use Figure 4 the shown final forming upper die 4 to perform the second-step loading and forming on the billet. The forming height of this process is restricted by the die, and the height is controlled according to H = 143±3mm; the pressing rate ≤ 20mm / s.
[0074] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present utility model and are not intended to limit the present utility model. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present utility model shall be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.
Claims
1. A preforming die for a ring forging, characterized in that, It includes an upper die (2) and a lower die (1). Lower die (1): A first fitting surface (11) is provided at the end of the lower die (1), and the shape of the first fitting surface (11) is adapted to the upper end surface of the ring forging. Upper die (2): A second fitting surface (21) is provided at the end of the upper die (2), the shape of the second fitting surface (21) is adapted to the lower end surface of the ring forging, and a plurality of grooves (22) are provided on the second fitting surface (21).
2. The preforming die for an annular forging according to claim 1, characterized in that, It further includes a centering ring (3). The lower die (1) is provided with a first avoidance hole, and the lower die (1) is sleeved on the centering ring (3) through the first avoidance hole. The upper die (2) is provided with a second avoidance hole (23), and the upper die (2) is sleeved on the centering ring (3) through the second avoidance hole (23).
3. The preforming die for an annular forging according to claim 2, characterized in that, A plurality of the grooves (22) are evenly arranged around the second avoidance hole (23).
4. The preforming die for a ring forging according to claim 3, wherein, The number of the grooves (22) is four.
5. A preforming die for an annular forging, as claimed in claim 4, wherein The grooves (22) are set in a fan shape, and its central angle is α, where 15° ≤ α ≤ 45°.
6. The preforming die for a ring forging according to claim 2, wherein, The diameters of the first avoidance hole and the second avoidance hole (23) are both D, and the diameter of the centering ring (3) is d, and D - d = 2 mm ± 1 mm.
7. A preforming die for a ring forging according to claim 2, characterized in that Before the mold is removed after the ring forging is formed, the total height of the upper die (2), the ring forging and the lower die (1) is H, the total height of the lower die (1) and the ring forging is H1, and the height of the centering ring (3) is h, where H1 < h ≤ H.
8. The preforming die for an annular forging according to claim 2, wherein The centering ring (3) is provided with an inner hole (31), and the inner hole (31) is arranged along the axis direction of the centering ring (3).
9. A forming device, characterized in that, It includes a preforming mold for a ring forging as described in any one of claims 2 - 8, and further includes a final forming upper die (4). A third fitting surface (41) is provided on one side of the final forming upper die (4), the shape of the third fitting surface (41) is adapted to the upper end surface of the ring forging, the final forming upper die (4) is provided with a third avoidance hole (42), and the final forming upper die (4) is sleeved on the centering ring (3) through the third avoidance hole (42).