Sound absorption and insulation structure, ceiling assembly and automobile
A composite elastic layer with integrated resonating cavities in a carbon fiber box structure addresses noise issues in automobile top panels, improving comfort and quality by absorbing and damping vibrations.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202422539743.8
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-10-21
- Publication Date
- 2025-07-15
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-10-21
AI Technical Summary
The existing car ceiling noise reduction treatment method is not good when driving at high speeds, especially for large SUV models. The sound insulation and noise reduction effect of the rear passenger space is poor, affecting the quietness of the ride and the quality of the whole vehicle.
The composite elastic layer structure is adopted, including a first sound absorbing layer, a resonant sound insulation layer and a second sound absorbing layer stacked from top to bottom. The resonant sound insulation layer is composed of an elastomer and is arranged in the cavity of the ceiling assembly. The resonant sound insulation layer and sound absorbing layer absorb wind noise and vibration energy to reduce noise.
Effectively reduce ceiling wind noise and structural vibration noise, improve the sound quality and NVH quiet experience of the riding space, avoid noise transmission to the car, and improve the quality of the whole vehicle.
Smart Images
Figure CN223100636U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of automobiles, and particularly relates to a sound absorption and insulation structure, a ceiling assembly with the sound absorption and insulation structure, and an automobile. Background Art
[0002] At present, the noise reduction treatment method for the automobile ceiling is mainly to paste sound-absorbing cotton on the upper part of the ceiling interior panel. However, this basic noise reduction treatment method cannot meet the requirements of passengers for automobile comfort. Especially with the continuous improvement of vehicle configurations, large SUV models with three rows of driving spaces are gradually popularized, and people pay more and more attention to the sound insulation and noise reduction level of the rear passenger space and have increasingly strict requirements.
[0003] Due to the layout of the air-conditioning duct and wiring harness in the roof ceiling, the sound absorption effect of a small amount of sound-absorbing cotton arranged locally is not obvious. When the automobile is running at high speed, the ceiling is affected by the airflow excitation and the vibration of the sheet metal, generating vibration noise. At the same time, the wind noise is also transmitted into the vehicle through the sheet metal and enters the cavity between the roof sheet metal and the roof interior panel. Since the cavity is provided with a wiring harness and a rear air-conditioning duct, the noise will form reverberation in this complex environment, and the noise is transmitted to the rear passenger space, affecting the quiet feeling of the rear passengers, affecting the riding experience of the passengers, and having a negative impact on the quality of the whole vehicle. Summary of the Utility Model
[0004] Embodiments of the utility model provide a sound absorption and insulation structure, a ceiling assembly with the sound absorption and insulation structure, and an automobile, aiming to solve the problem of poor noise reduction and insulation effect of the roof ceiling.
[0005] In a first aspect, to achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the utility model is: providing a sound absorption and insulation structure, including a composite elastic layer, the composite elastic layer includes a first sound absorption layer, a resonance sound insulation layer, and a second sound absorption layer which are arranged in layers from top to bottom, the resonance sound insulation layer includes a plurality of elastic bodies, and resonance cavities are formed between the elastic bodies.
[0006] In combination with the first aspect, in a feasible manner, it further includes a carbon fiber box body, and the composite elastic layer is laid in the carbon fiber box body to form a sound absorption box.
[0007] In combination with the first aspect, in a feasible manner, the elastic bodies are rubber particles, and a plurality of the rubber particles are encapsulated between the first sound absorption layer and the second sound absorption layer through the carbon fiber box body to form the resonance sound insulation layer.
[0008] In combination with the first aspect, in a feasible manner, a plurality of sound absorption holes are provided on the carbon fiber box body, and the outer dimension of the rubber particles is larger than the aperture of the sound absorption holes.
[0009] In combination with the first aspect, in an implementable manner, an open mouth for placing the composite elastic layer is provided at the upper end of the carbon fiber box body.
[0010] In combination with the first aspect, in an implementable manner, flange edges for fixation are provided around the open mouth.
[0011] In combination with the first aspect, in an implementable manner, the first sound-absorbing layer is a felt layer; the second sound-absorbing layer is a sound-absorbing cotton layer.
[0012] The sound absorption and insulation structure provided by the present utility model, compared with the prior art, has the beneficial effect that: a resonance sound insulation layer is provided between the two sound-absorbing layers. When wind noise and vibration noise pass through this structure, the sound-absorbing layer can absorb the wind noise. The air flow excitation and vibration energy are transmitted between the elastic bodies, enabling the reduction of vibration energy and air flow excitation, reducing vibration noise, and thus achieving the effect of sound absorption and noise reduction for different types of noise.
[0013] In the second aspect, an embodiment of the present utility model further provides a ceiling assembly, including a ceiling sheet metal and a ceiling interior trim panel. There is a cavity between the ceiling sheet metal and the ceiling interior trim panel, and the sound absorption and insulation structure is disposed in the cavity.
[0014] In combination with the second aspect, in an implementable manner, the composite elastic layer is fixed on the ceiling cross beam inside the ceiling sheet metal.
[0015] The ceiling assembly provided by the present application, due to the provision of this sound absorption and insulation structure in the cavity of the ceiling assembly, the ceiling assembly constitutes a composite noise reduction and vibration damping structure of sound insulation - sound absorption - sound insulation - sound absorption - sound insulation by the ceiling sheet metal, the first sound-absorbing layer, the resonance sound insulation layer, the second sound-absorbing layer, and the ceiling interior trim panel, gradually reducing and weakening wind noise and vibration noise, and being able to effectively reduce the ceiling wind noise and structural vibration noise, ensuring the sound quality of the vehicle occupants, and providing a good riding space and a better NVH quiet experience for the passengers.
[0016] In the third aspect, an embodiment of the present utility model further provides an automobile, including the ceiling assembly.
[0017] The ceiling assembly and the automobile provided by the present application, due to the provision of this sound absorption and insulation structure in the cavity of the ceiling assembly, can achieve a good sound insulation and noise reduction effect on wind noise and vibration noise, thereby being able to avoid noise transmission into the vehicle, providing a quiet riding environment for the occupants, avoiding causing discomfort to the vehicle occupants, enhancing the riding experience of the occupants, and improving the quality of the whole vehicle. Description of the Drawings
[0018] Figure 1 Schematic three-dimensional structure of the sound absorption and insulation structure provided by an embodiment of the present utility modelFigure 1 ;
[0019] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the sound absorption and insulation structure provided by the embodiment of the present utility model Figure 2 ;
[0020] Figure 3 Front view structure schematic diagram of the sound absorption and insulation structure provided by the embodiment of the present utility model installed on the ceiling cross beam;
[0021] Figure 4 Cross-sectional structure schematic diagram of the ceiling assembly provided by the embodiment of the present utility model;
[0022] Description of reference numerals:
[0023] 1. Sound absorption box; 11. First sound absorption layer; 12. Resonance sound insulation layer; 13. Second sound absorption layer; 14. Carbon fiber box body; 141. Sound absorption holes; 142. Flange edge; 2. Ceiling sheet metal; 3. Ceiling interior trim panel; 4. Ceiling cross beam. Specific embodiments
[0024] In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and beneficial effects to be solved by the present utility model clearer and more understandable, the following further describes the present utility model in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present utility model and are not used to limit the present utility model.
[0025] In this application, terms such as "first" and "second" are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any actual quantity, primary-secondary or sequential relationship between these entities or operations.
[0026] In the claims, specification and above-mentioned drawings of the present utility model, the terms "upper" and "lower" are in the same direction as the up and down directions of the vehicle body, and are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, so it should not be understood as limiting the specific protection scope of this application.
[0027] Please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 , and now the sound absorption and insulation structure provided by the present utility model will be described. The sound absorption and insulation structure includes a composite elastic layer, and the composite elastic layer includes a first sound absorption layer 11, a resonance sound insulation layer 12 and a second sound absorption layer 13 arranged in layers from top to bottom. The resonance sound insulation layer 12 includes a plurality of elastic bodies, and resonance cavities are formed between the elastic bodies.
[0028] The sound absorption and insulation structure provided by the utility model has the following beneficial effects compared with the prior art: A resonance sound insulation layer 12 is arranged between two sound absorption layers. The resonance sound insulation layer 12 is composed of several elastic bodies, and honeycomb-shaped resonance cavities are formed between the elastic bodies. When air flow excitation and vibration energy pass through this structure, the elastic bodies can absorb the vibration energy, and the air flow excitation and vibration energy collide and meet between the elastic bodies and in the resonance cavities and are weakened, so that the vibration energy and air flow excitation can be weakened, and the vibration noise can be reduced; the sound absorption layer can absorb the noise of wind noise, so as to achieve the effect of sound absorption and noise reduction for different types of noise.
[0029] It can also be understood that the resonance sound insulation layer constitutes a resonance cavity muffler through several elastic bodies, and it uses the resonance transmission and destructive interference principle of sound waves in a closed cavity to suppress noise. Several elastic bodies form multiple closed or non-closed resonance cavities. When vibration energy and sound waves propagate in the resonance cavities, resonance will occur, causing air molecules to vibrate repeatedly in the cavity. Because the vibration states of air molecules are coupled with each other, when the air molecules are in the resonance state, they will interfere with each other, causing the sound waves to disappear or be weakened, so as to achieve the purpose of noise reduction.
[0030] The elastic deformation of the composite elastic layer is also beneficial to conformally deform in a narrow and irregular cavity, and can be pressed tightly to contact and wrap the surrounding structure, blocking the transmission paths of wind noise and vibration noise.
[0031] See Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the sound absorption and insulation structure provided by the utility model further includes a carbon fiber box body 14. The composite elastic layer is laid in the carbon fiber box body 14 to form a sound absorption box 1. In this application, the carbon fiber box body 14 is used to limit the composite elastic layer, which is convenient for the assembly and fixation of the sound absorption and insulation structure. The carbon fiber box body 14 can be directly hot-pressed and formed with a carbon fiber base material, which is simple and convenient to manufacture; each layer of the composite elastic layer can be laid layer by layer in the carbon fiber box body 14. First, the second sound absorption layer 13 is laid on the bottom of the carbon fiber box body 14, then the elastic bodies are evenly laid on the second sound absorption layer 13, and finally the first sound absorption layer 11 is laid. The first sound absorption layer 11 is pressed on the elastic bodies to play a role in sealing the carbon fiber box body 14. The laying of the second sound absorption layer 13 should be higher than the carbon fiber box body 14 by a certain height, so that after the sound absorption box 1 is fixed in the cavity of the ceiling assembly, the first sound absorption layer 11 forms an elastic close contact with the ceiling sheet metal 2; and there is no need to fix between the layers, which is not only simple and convenient to assemble, saves materials and assembly time. Especially because the first sound absorption layer 11 undertakes the function of absorbing the condensed water on the ceiling sheet metal 2, and the sound absorption effect of the first sound absorption layer 11 decreases after absorbing water and getting wet. At this time, the first sound absorption layer 11 can be replaced at any time or regularly, effectively ensuring the sound absorption effect of the sound absorption box 1.
[0032] This application adopts the structural form of the sound absorption box 1, which also has a protective effect on the two-layer sound absorption layer. Since sound absorption materials are generally not wear-resistant, have poor toughness, and low strength, the composite elastic layer is arranged in the carbon fiber box body 14 to improve the service life of the sound absorption layer and thus enhance the noise reduction and sound absorption effect.
[0033] The carbon fiber box body 14 of this application uses a carbon fiber base material, taking advantage of the excellent characteristics of the carbon fiber base material, such as low density, high strength, and good toughness. The low density of the carbon fiber board ensures that installing the sound absorption box 1 will not increase too much weight; and by using the characteristics of high strength and good toughness of carbon fiber, during the driving of the vehicle, it can avoid the risk of component displacement and tearing of the sound absorption box 1 caused by the torsion and vibration of the roof sheet metal 2, resulting in noise reduction failure. From the perspective of materials used, this application ensures the service life and reliability of the use effect of the sound absorption box 1; also from the perspective of materials used, it avoids burdening the weight of the whole vehicle.
[0034] Since this application adopts the structural form of using the carbon fiber box body 14 to accommodate the composite elastic layer, it is also convenient to alternately arrange multiple layers of composite elastic layers in the carbon fiber box body 14 to enhance the noise elimination and reduction effect.
[0035] In some embodiments, as shown in Figures 1 to 3 The elastomer is rubber particles. A number of rubber particles are encapsulated between the first sound absorption layer 11 and the second sound absorption layer 13 through the carbon fiber box body 14 to form a resonance sound insulation layer 12. Rubber particles not only have elasticity, especially they can be made from waste tires and waste rubber after being broken up and formed into particles, with low production cost and easy production; rubber particles can be circular, oval, or irregular polygon shapes, and rubber particles do not require grading to ensure the formation of resonance cavities between rubber particles; based on the carbon fiber box body 14, rubber particles can be laid flat on the second sound absorption layer 13 and form a resonance sound insulation layer 12 under the pressing of the first sound absorption layer 11, without the need for fixation, and can be laid according to the needs of the space size, with very convenient application.
[0036] Optionally, the elastomer can be made of other elastic materials, such as made into silica gel particles using silica gel.
[0037] The elastomer referred to in this application refers to a material that can return to its original state after removing the external force, and can be a thermosetting elastomer and a thermoplastic elastomer; thermoplastic elastomers (abbreviated as TPE), such as polyurethane elastomers, SBS elastomers (styrene-butadiene-styrene block copolymers), and POE elastomers (POE is a thermoplastic elastomer obtained by in-situ polymerization of ethylene and octene using a metallocene catalyst), etc.; thermosetting elastomers are traditional rubbers (Rubber), and common rubbers include styrene-butadiene rubber, cis-butadiene rubber, isoprene rubber, ethylene-propylene rubber, butyl rubber, chloroprene rubber, and nitrile rubber, etc.
[0038] Of course, as described above, the elastomer of the present application can be made from waste materials, which saves costs.
[0039] In some embodiments, referring to Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, a number of sound absorption holes 141 are provided on the carbon fiber box body 14. The outer dimension of the rubber particles is larger than the aperture of the sound absorption holes 141 to prevent the rubber particles from being extruded from the sound absorption holes 141. The surface of the carbon fiber box body 14 is designed with openings to facilitate the smooth entry of noise into the sound absorption box 1 for absorption. The shape of the sound absorption holes 141 can be a round hole, an oval hole, a polygonal hole, etc. The sound absorption holes 141 are dispersedly and evenly distributed on each surface of the carbon fiber box body 14 to ensure the full entry of noise into the sound absorption box 1.
[0040] In some embodiments, referring to Figures 1 to 3 As shown, an open mouth for placing the composite elastic layer is provided at the upper end of the carbon fiber box body 14. When the sound absorption box 1 is installed in the ceiling assembly, the first sound absorption layer 11 should be directly in close contact with the inner side surface of the ceiling sheet metal 2. Therefore, the open mouth at the upper end of the carbon fiber box body 14 not only facilitates the laying of each sound absorption layer and the resonance sound insulation layer 12 in the box body, but also is beneficial to the close contact between the first sound absorption layer 11 and the ceiling sheet metal 2.
[0041] In some embodiments, referring to Figure 2 As shown, a flange 142 for fixing is provided around the open mouth. Specifically, the flange 142 can be directly formed at the upper edge of the carbon fiber box body 14 during thermoforming. When fixing, holes can be drilled in the flange 142 to facilitate the passing of screws or rivets to connect with the ceiling cross beam 4. This not only facilitates the fixing of the sound absorption box 1, but also improves the firmness of the fixing.
[0042] Since the ceiling sheet metal 2 is exposed to the air and can directly sense the change in air temperature, condensation water will be generated due to the change in air temperature. If the sound absorption cotton is directly pasted on the ceiling sheet metal 2, the condensation water will cause the sound absorption cotton to come off and glue, squeeze the wire harness, and even generate abnormal noises. To solve this problem, the following implementation manner is adopted in the present application.
[0043] In some embodiments, referring to Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, the first sound-absorbing layer 11 is a felt layer; the second sound-absorbing layer 13 is a sound-absorbing cotton layer. In this application, felt and sound-absorbing cotton are used as the sound-absorbing layers, which reflects the characteristics of sound insulation and noise reduction, heat insulation and heat insulation, and lightweight, avoiding increasing the weight of the whole vehicle. And according to the structural characteristics of the cavity inside the roof assembly, the material selection of the two sound-absorbing layers is optimized in this application. The felt layer is closely attached to the roof sheet metal 2, having good moisture-proof and moisture-absorbing effects, capable of absorbing the condensed water on the roof sheet metal 2, and avoiding the condensed water droplets from dropping onto the electrical components and wiring harnesses arranged inside the roof assembly. That is to say, while the felt has a sound-absorbing function, it also has a function of drying and moisture-proofing, and has a protective effect on the electrical components and wiring harnesses.
[0044] Preferably, the felt layer of this application can be waste-spun felt or waste felt. The waste-spun felt is made of recycled polyester staple fiber, waste polyester-cotton fiber, and polyester melting point polyester. It is cheap and has good sound-absorbing performance, and can be replaced at any time, effectively ensuring the sound-absorbing performance of the sound-absorbing box 1.
[0045] The second sound-absorbing layer 13 in contact with the roof interior trim panel 3 adopts a sound-absorbing cotton layer, having good sound-absorbing and noise-eliminating effects.
[0046] Optionally, the second sound-absorbing layer 13 can be sponge, glass fiber cotton, recycled cotton, etc.
[0047] The sound-absorbing box 1 based on sound-absorbing cotton and felt has the advantages of light weight, good sound-absorbing performance, and being arranged on the roof sheet metal 2 can effectively reduce noise while avoiding the dripping of condensed water droplets.
[0048] In addition, it should be noted that this application adopts the technical means of the sound-absorbing box 1 and fixing the sound-absorbing box 1 to the roof cross beam 4 by screws or rivets, which also facilitates the replacement of the felt layer to maintain the continuous moisture absorption and sound absorption effects of the felt layer.
[0049] In the above embodiments, the descriptions of each embodiment have their own emphases. For the parts not detailed or recorded in a certain embodiment, reference can be made to the relevant descriptions of other embodiments.
[0050] Based on the same inventive concept, the embodiment of this application also provides a roof assembly, including a roof sheet metal 2 and a roof interior trim panel 3. There is a cavity between the roof sheet metal 2 and the roof interior trim panel 3, and a sound absorption and insulation structure is arranged in the cavity. Refer to Figure 3 and Figure 4 as shown.
[0051] The ceiling assembly provided by the present application, due to the setting of such a sound absorption and sound insulation structure in the cavity of the ceiling assembly, the ceiling assembly consists of a ceiling sheet metal 2, a first sound absorption layer 11, a resonance sound insulation layer 12, a second sound absorption layer 13, and a ceiling interior trim panel 3 to form a composite noise reduction and vibration damping structure of sound insulation - sound absorption - sound insulation - sound absorption - sound insulation, gradually reducing and weakening wind noise and vibration noise, being able to effectively reduce the ceiling wind noise and structural vibration noise, ensuring the sound quality of the vehicle occupants, and providing a good riding space and a better NVH quiet experience for the passengers.
[0052] The size of the sound absorption and sound insulation structure provided by the present application is filled in the cavity formed by the ceiling sheet metal 2 and the ceiling interior trim panel 3, and is adaptively designed according to the positions of structures such as air conditioning ducts and wiring harnesses in the cavity and the spatial dimensions enclosed by surrounding parts. It is also possible to pre - design the minimum unit and arrange it in a superimposed manner through spatial changes. Due to the flexibility and elasticity of the composite elastic layer, it can be closely attached to the air conditioning duct and the wiring harness, block the through - holes formed by arranging the air conditioning duct and the wiring harness, and cut off the path of noise propagation.
[0053] For example, the minimum unit of the composite elastic layer can be that the thickness of the second sound absorption layer 13 is 10 mm - 4 mm, the thickness of the 2 - mm resonance sound insulation layer 12 is 2 mm - 4 mm, and the thickness of the first sound absorption layer 11 is 2 mm - 4 mm felt. At the same time, a carbon fiber box body 14 adapted to the composite elastic layer is configured.
[0054] See Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the composite elastic layer is fixed on the ceiling cross - beam 4 on the inner side of the ceiling sheet metal 2. When the composite elastic layer is fixed as a whole in the cavity of the ceiling assembly, the layers can be bonded together. At this time, the composite elastic layer can also be fixed on the ceiling cross - beam 4 of the ceiling sheet metal 2 by bonding, bolts or riveting, etc.
[0055] Furthermore, when the composite elastic layer is disposed in the carbon fiber box body 14, the sound absorption and sound insulation structure forms a sound absorption box 1. At this time, the sound absorption box 1 can be fixed by hoisting the carbon fiber box body 14 on the skylight reinforcement beam (for models with skylights on the ceiling) or the ceiling cross - beam 4; it should be noted that since the thickness of the automotive ceiling sheet metal 2 is relatively thin, and the fixing of the sound absorption box 1 or the composite elastic layer requires bolts or riveting for easy replacement later, it is not easy to set installation points on the ceiling sheet metal 2 to avoid damaging the overall appearance of the ceiling sheet metal 2, and at the same time, it will also damage the overall structure of the ceiling sheet metal 2 and cause gaps, resulting in stronger harsh wind noise and water leakage risks; while the skylight reinforcement beam and the ceiling cross - beam 4 have a relatively thick thickness, fixing on the skylight reinforcement beam or the ceiling cross - beam 4 will not cause such a situation.
[0056] In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present invention further provides an automobile, including the ceiling assembly described above.
[0057] Since the ceiling assembly and the vehicle provided by the present application are provided with such a sound absorption and sound insulation structure in the cavity of the ceiling assembly, it can achieve a good sound insulation and noise reduction effect on wind noise and vibration noise, thereby avoiding the transmission of noise into the vehicle, providing a quiet riding environment for passengers, avoiding causing discomfort to the passengers in the vehicle, enhancing the riding experience of the passengers, and improving the quality of the whole vehicle.
[0058] For example, for a large SUV model with a three-row driving and riding space, by arranging a sound absorption box 1 at the opening positions of the air-conditioning duct, in-vehicle wiring harness and rear door wiring harness, the sound absorption layers and the resonance sound insulation layer 12 with different properties in the composite elastic layer can effectively reduce the ceiling wind noise and structural vibration noise, ensure the sound quality of the rear row space, and provide a good riding space and a better NVH quiet experience for the passengers.
[0059] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims
1. An acoustic absorption and sound insulation structure, characterized in that, It includes a composite elastic layer, and the composite elastic layer includes a first sound-absorbing layer (11), a resonance sound insulation layer (12), and a second sound-absorbing layer (13) which are arranged in layers from top to bottom. The resonance sound insulation layer (12) includes a number of elastic bodies, and resonance cavities are formed between the elastic bodies.
2. The sound absorption and insulation structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, It further includes a carbon fiber box body (14), and the composite elastic layer is laid in the carbon fiber box body (14) to form a sound-absorbing box (1).
3. The sound-absorbing and sound-insulating structure according to claim 2, characterized in that, The elastic bodies are rubber particles, and a number of the rubber particles are encapsulated between the first sound-absorbing layer (11) and the second sound-absorbing layer (13) through the carbon fiber box body (14) to form the resonance sound insulation layer (12).
4. The sound-absorbing and sound-insulating structure according to claim 3, characterized in that, A number of sound-absorbing holes (141) are provided on the carbon fiber box body (14), and the outer dimension of the rubber particles is larger than the aperture of the sound-absorbing holes (141).
5. The sound-absorbing and sound-insulating structure according to claim 2, characterized in that, An open mouth for placing the composite elastic layer is provided at the upper end of the carbon fiber box body (14).
6. The sound-absorbing and sound-insulating structure according to claim 5, characterized in that, Flange edges (142) for fixing are provided around the open mouth.
7. The sound-absorbing and sound-insulating structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first sound-absorbing layer (11) is a felt layer; the second sound-absorbing layer (13) is a sound-absorbing cotton layer.
8. A ceiling assembly, characterized in that, It includes a ceiling sheet metal (2) and a ceiling interior trim panel (3), and there is a cavity between the ceiling sheet metal (2) and the ceiling interior trim panel (3). The sound-absorbing and sound-insulating structure according to any one of claims 1-7 is arranged in the cavity.
9. The ceiling assembly according to claim 8, characterized in that, The composite elastic layer is fixed on a ceiling cross beam (4) on the inner side of the ceiling sheet metal (2).
10. A vehicle, characterized in that, It includes a ceiling assembly according to any one of claims 8-9.