Tail door three-way shock absorber, tail door and automobile

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of vehicle parts, and particularly relates to a three-way shock absorber of a tail door, the tail door and an automobile, the three-way shock absorber comprises a shock absorber shell, a shock absorber, a shock absorber, a shock absorber, a shock absorber cover and a shock absorber cover, and the shock absorber shell is installed on the tail door of the automobile; the balancing weight is connected into the shock absorber shell through a first spring, a second spring and a third spring which are arranged in different directions; the balancing weight is used for absorbing vibration through movement of the first spring, the second spring and the third spring in the direction opposite to the vibration direction when the automobile tail door vibrates. The three-way shock absorber of the tail gate can solve the problem that a traditional shock absorber of the tail gate can only absorb amplitude in a single direction and cannot absorb amplitude in more directions in a multi-dimensional mode, and therefore the shock absorption effect of the shock absorber is not good.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of vehicle parts, and particularly relates to a three-way shock absorber for a tailgate, a tailgate and an automobile. Background Art

[0002] During the driving of a vehicle, there may be a phenomenon that the excitation of the powertrain or the road surface is coupled with the resonance of the tailgate system, resulting in the compression and deformation of the in-vehicle sound cavity being transmitted to the human ear, which will make people feel a "buzzing" noise, causing a feeling of ear pressure and discomfort.

[0003] To solve the problem of tailgate resonance, as Figure 1 shown, the traditional method is to set a rubber shock absorber 200 on the tailgate. The rubber shock absorber 200 usually consists of a bracket 210 fixed on the tailgate and a rubber shock absorber block 220 installed on the bracket 210. When the tailgate vibrates, the rubber shock absorber block 220 is used to absorb the amplitude to achieve the shock absorption effect.

[0004] However, for the above-mentioned traditional shock absorber, since the axis of the rubber shock absorber block is usually set to be along the Y direction of the vehicle and parallel to the ground line, the rubber shock absorber block only has a good absorption effect on the amplitude in the X and Z directions of the tailgate, and has a poor absorption ability for the amplitude in other directions such as the Y direction and the oblique direction of the tailgate. This results in a poor overall shock absorption effect for the tailgate and cannot well cope with a relatively complex vibration environment. Summary of the Utility Model

[0005] In view of the above-mentioned shortcomings of the prior art, the purpose of the present utility model is to provide a three-way shock absorber for a tailgate, a tailgate and an automobile, so as to solve the problems that the energy absorption direction of the traditional tailgate shock absorber is relatively single, it is difficult to cope with a complex vibration environment, and the shock absorption effect is poor.

[0006] To achieve the above purpose, the present utility model adopts the following technical solutions:

[0007] A shock absorber housing, the shock absorber housing is installed on the automobile tailgate; and

[0008] A counterweight block, the counterweight block is connected in the shock absorber housing through a first spring, a second spring and a third spring arranged in different directions,

[0009] The counterweight block is used to move in a direction opposite to the vibration direction through the first spring, the second spring and the third spring when the automobile tailgate vibrates to absorb the vibration.

[0010] As an embodiment of the present utility model, the first spring, the second spring and the third spring are arranged perpendicular to each other. The first spring is arranged along the X direction and is connected between the rear surface of the counterweight block and the rear wall of the shock absorber housing; the second spring is arranged along the Y direction and is connected between the side surface of the counterweight block and the side wall of the shock absorber housing; the third spring is arranged along the Z direction and is connected between the upper surface of the counterweight block and the top wall of the shock absorber housing.

[0011] As an embodiment of the present utility model, one end of the first spring, the second spring and the third spring is connected to the counterweight block, and the other end is connected to the bottom wall of the shock absorber housing to support the counterweight block inside the shock absorber housing.

[0012] As an embodiment of the present utility model, one end of the first spring, the second spring and the third spring is connected to the counterweight block, and the other end is connected to the top wall of the shock absorber housing to suspend the counterweight block inside the shock absorber housing.

[0013] As an embodiment of the present utility model, the first spring, the second spring and the third spring have the same length.

[0014] As an embodiment of the present utility model, the three-way shock absorber is installed at the centroid position of the automobile tailgate or a position close to the centroid, or installed in the tailgate coupling resonance area.

[0015] As an embodiment of the present utility model, the counterweight block is arranged at the central position inside the shock absorber housing.

[0016] As an embodiment of the present utility model, there is a gap of at least 5 mm between the counterweight block and the inner wall of the shock absorber housing.

[0017] As an embodiment of the present utility model, the shape of the counterweight block is spherical.

[0018] As an embodiment of the present utility model, the shock absorber housing is integrally formed with the automobile tailgate.

[0019] To achieve the above object, the present utility model also adopts the following technical solution:

[0020] A tailgate, on which the above-mentioned tailgate three-way shock absorber is installed.

[0021] As an embodiment of the present utility model, the tailgate includes a connected inner tailgate panel and an outer tailgate panel. An installation groove is provided on the inner tailgate panel, and the three-way shock absorber is installed in the installation groove.

[0022] As an implementation mode of the present utility model, a gap is provided between the inner tailgate panel and the outer tailgate panel, and the shock absorber housing of the three-way shock absorber is spacedly arranged in the installation groove.

[0023] To achieve the above object, the present utility model also adopts the following technical solutions:

[0024] A vehicle includes the above-mentioned tailgate.

[0025] In the three-way shock absorber of the present utility model, the counterweight is connected in the housing by three springs, and the three springs are respectively connected to the counterweight along the X, Y, and Z directions. During the driving of the vehicle, the counterweight can move in the direction opposite to the vibration by using the three springs, which can better absorb the amplitudes from different directions, reduce the noise of the tailgate, and keep the tailgate in a better stable state.

[0026] In addition, the present utility model can also adjust the frequency of each direction of the shock absorber by selecting counterweights with different weights and springs with different elastic coefficients to achieve the shock absorption effect in each direction. Description of the Drawings

[0027] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the following drawings are only some embodiments of the present application. For those skilled in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings.

[0028] Figure 1 is an exploded view of the structure of a traditional tailgate shock absorber in the prior art;

[0029] Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the three-way shock absorber of the tailgate of a specific embodiment of the present utility model when installed on the vehicle tailgate;

[0030] Figure 3 is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the three-way shock absorber of the tailgate of a specific embodiment of the present utility model;

[0031] Figure 4 is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the three-way shock absorber of the tailgate of a specific embodiment of the present utility model when installed on the vehicle tailgate;

[0032] Figure 5 is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the three-way shock absorber of the tailgate of another specific embodiment of the present utility model when installed on the vehicle tailgate.

[0033] Description of the Reference Numerals:

[0034] 200, Rubber shock absorber, 210, Bracket, 211, Support frame, 212, Connection plate, 220, Rubber shock block, 221, Rubber, 222, Mass block, 230, Rubber suspension member;

[0035] 100, Rear door, 110, Outer rear door panel, 120, Inner rear door panel, 121, Installation groove, 122, Protruding section;

[0036] 300, Three - way shock absorber, 310, Shock absorber housing, 311, Flange, 320, Counterweight, 330, First spring, 340, Second spring, 350, Third spring;

[0037] 400, Installation bracket;

[0038] 500, Fastener. Detailed implementation manner

[0039] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present utility model, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without making creative efforts belong to the protection scope of the present utility model. In addition, it should be understood that the specific implementation manners described herein are only used to illustrate and explain the present utility model, and are not used to limit the present utility model.

[0040] In the present utility model, unless otherwise stated, the terms "X - direction", "front", and "rear" will be used with respect to the longitudinal direction of the vehicle body. The forward direction of the vehicle is the front, and the backward direction is the rear; the terms "Y - direction", "inner", and "outer" will be used with respect to the transverse direction of the vehicle body. Closer to the center of the vehicle is the inner, and farther from the center of the vehicle is the outer; the terms "Z - direction", "up", and "down" will be used with respect to the vertical direction of the vehicle body. The upper part of the vehicle is the up, and the lower part of the vehicle is the down.

[0041] In the present utility model, unless otherwise stated, the terms "front end", "front side", and "front" refer to one end, one side, or one direction of a component closer to the front side of the vehicle body; the terms "rear end", "rear side", and "rear" refer to one end, one side, or one direction of a component closer to the rear side of the vehicle body; the terms "inner end", "inner side", and "inner" refer to one end, one side, or one direction of a component closer to the inner side of the vehicle body; the terms "outer end", "outer side", and "outer" refer to one end, one side, or one direction of a component closer to the outer side of the vehicle body; the terms "upper end", "upper side", and "upper" refer to one end, one side, or one direction of a component closer to the upper side of the vehicle body; the terms "lower end", "lower side", and "lower" refer to one end, one side, or one direction of a component closer to the lower side of the vehicle body.

[0042] It should be noted that the description order of the following embodiments does not limit the preferred order of the embodiments of the present application. And in the following embodiments, the descriptions of each embodiment have their own focuses. For parts not detailed in a certain embodiment, reference may be made to the relevant descriptions of other embodiments.

[0043] To solve the problem of tailgate resonance during vehicle driving, in the prior art (for example, Chinese invention patent CN201410406225.7 and US patent US11 / 541,814, etc.), a tailgate shock absorber is usually provided on the vehicle tailgate. The traditional tailgate shock absorber usually adopts a rubber shock absorber such as that in Chinese invention patent CN201410406225.7. As Figure 1 shown, this type of rubber shock absorber 200 generally includes: a bracket 210 and a rubber shock-absorbing block 220 installed on the bracket 210. The bracket 210 includes a support frame 211 and a connecting plate 212 extending from the edge of the support frame 211. The connecting plate 212 is used for fixedly connecting with the tailgate; the two ends of the rubber shock-absorbing block 220 in the Y direction are connected to the mounting holes on the side wall of the support frame 211 through rubber suspension members 230. The rubber shock-absorbing block 220 includes an outer layer of rubber 221 and an inner layer of mass block 222. During vehicle driving, the amplitude of the tailgate can be absorbed through the above rubber shock absorber. For example, when the tailgate generates an upward vibration, the rubber shock-absorbing block 220 moves downward, and at the same time, the rubber shock-absorbing block 220 will stretch the rubber suspension member 230 downward; conversely, when the tailgate generates a downward vibration, the rubber shock-absorbing block 220 moves upward, and at the same time, the rubber shock-absorbing block 220 will stretch the rubber suspension member 23 upward. Also, for example, when the tailgate generates a forward vibration, the rubber shock-absorbing block 220 moves backward, and at the same time, the rubber shock-absorbing block 220 will stretch the rubber suspension member 230 backward; conversely, when the tailgate generates a backward vibration, the rubber shock-absorbing block 220 moves forward, and at the same time, the rubber shock-absorbing block 220 will stretch the rubber suspension member 230 forward. Thus, the amplitude in the X and Z directions of the tailgate can be well absorbed through the movement of the rubber shock-absorbing block 220. However, the rubber shock absorber 200 has a poor absorption effect on the vibration of the tailgate in the Y direction and the oblique direction. Specifically, because the rubber shock-absorbing block 220 is arranged parallel to the Y direction of the vehicle, when the tailgate generates a vibration in the Y direction or the oblique direction, it is difficult for the rubber shock-absorbing block 220 to move in the Y direction and the oblique direction. Therefore, the rubber shock absorber 200 is difficult to absorb the amplitude of the vehicle tailgate in the Y direction and the oblique direction, resulting in a poor shock-absorbing effect.

[0044] Based on this, as Figure 2 shown, the present utility model provides a tailgate three-way shock absorber 300. The three-way shock absorber 300 is arranged on the tailgate 100, and through the three-way shock absorber 300, the amplitude of the tailgate 100 in each direction can be well absorbed, thereby making up for the deficiencies of the traditional tailgate shock absorber.

[0045] AsFigures 3 to 4 As shown, in a specific embodiment, the three-way shock absorber 300 includes: a shock absorber housing 310, which is installed on the tailgate 100; and a counterweight 320, which is connected inside the shock absorber housing 310 by a first spring 330, a second spring 340, and a third spring 350, wherein the first spring 330, the second spring 340, and the third spring 350 are arranged in different directions. For example, the first spring 330, the second spring 340, and the third spring 350 are located in the same plane, surround the configuration block for one week, and are connected between the counterweight 320 and the shock absorber housing 310 at intervals. Specifically, the included angle between any two of the first spring 330, the second spring 340, and the third spring 350 is set to 120°, so that the three springs stably support the counterweight in the shock absorber housing. Alternatively, the first spring 330, the second spring 340, and the third spring 350 are not located in the same plane, as long as the function of supporting the shock absorber block in the shock absorber housing can be achieved. The present invention is not limited thereto.

[0046] Herein, the counterweight 320 is used to move in a direction opposite to the vibration direction through the first spring 330, the second spring 340, and the third spring 350 when the tailgate 100 vibrates, so as to absorb the vibration of the tailgate 100. Thus, the counterweight is supported in the shock absorber housing by three springs arranged in different directions. Therefore, when the tailgate generates vibrations in any direction, the counterweight can move in a direction opposite to the vibration by using the three springs, and the three-way shock absorber can better absorb the amplitudes in all directions, improving the shock absorption effect of the tailgate.

[0047] Refer to Figure 3 and Figure 4 In a specific embodiment, the first spring 330, the second spring 340, and the third spring 350 are arranged perpendicular to each other. The first spring 330 is arranged along the X direction and is connected between the rear surface of the counterweight 320 and the rear wall of the shock absorber housing 310; the second spring 340 is arranged along the Y direction and is connected between the side surface of the counterweight 320 and the side wall of the shock absorber housing 310; the third spring 350 is arranged along the Z direction and is connected between the upper surface of the counterweight 320 and the top wall of the shock absorber housing 310. Thus, arranging the first spring 330, the second spring 340, and the third spring 350 perpendicular to each other can enable the counterweight to more stably absorb the amplitudes in different directions.

[0048] In another specific embodiment, one end of the first spring 330, the second spring 340, and the third spring 350 is connected to the counterweight 320, and the other ends are all connected to the bottom wall of the shock absorber housing 310, so that the three springs support the counterweight 320 in the shock absorber housing 310 in a triangular pyramid shape.

[0049] ​In yet another specific embodiment, one end of the first spring 330, the second spring 340, and the third spring 350 is connected to the counterweight 320, and the other ends are all connected to the top wall of the shock absorber housing 310, so that the three springs suspend the counterweight 320 in the shock absorber housing 310 in the shape of an inverted triangular pyramid.

[0050] As described above, the three different setting directions of the three springs can all ensure that the shock absorber absorbs the amplitudes in different directions. In the present utility model, the setting directions of the three springs can be arbitrary, as long as it is ensured that the three springs are perpendicular to each other in pairs.

[0051] It should be noted that in the present utility model, the three springs are respectively connected between the counterweight 320 and the inner wall of the shock absorber housing along the X direction, the Y direction, and the Z direction. The advantage compared to the setting method where the above three springs are located in the same plane is that when the counterweight 320 moves, it only needs to overcome the elastic force of one side of the spring, enabling the counterweight to absorb the amplitude faster. Specifically, when the three springs are located in the same plane, when the counterweight 320 absorbs energy and moves along one of the springs, it needs to resist the compression force of one spring and the tensile forces of the other two springs, with a smaller movement amplitude and a poor shock absorption effect. However, in the setting method where the three springs are respectively along the X direction, the Y direction, and the Z direction, the movement of the counterweight 320 only needs to resist the compression force of one spring without stretching the other two springs, so the movement amplitude is larger and the shock absorption effect is better.

[0052] In a specific embodiment, the three springs and the counterweight 320, as well as the three springs and the inner wall of the shock absorber housing 310, can be connected by snap connection, or the three springs and the counterweight 320 can be welded together through a bracket. By connecting the counterweight 320, it can vibrate along with the spring to reduce the vibration amplitude of the tailgate.

[0053] In a specific embodiment, the first spring 330, the second spring 340, and the third spring 350 have the same length.

[0054] In a preferred embodiment, the three-way shock absorber 300 is installed at the centroid position of the tailgate 100 or a position close to the centroid, or the three-way shock absorber is installed in the tailgate coupling resonance region. More preferably, the counterweight 320 is arranged at the central position inside the shock absorber housing 310. Thereby, the shock absorption effect of the three-way shock absorber can be further ensured. Among them, the tailgate coupling resonance region is the centroid region of the tailgate. Taking a certain vehicle model with through-type taillights and a spoiler as an example, the tailgate coupling resonance region is generally the through-type taillight region, and its upper end is the spoiler region. Arranging in this region can effectively reduce the resonance amplitude.

[0055] In a specific embodiment, there is at least a 5-mm gap between the counterweight 320 and the inner wall of the shock absorber housing 310 to prevent the counterweight 320 from hitting the shock absorber housing 310 during vibration, thereby generating abnormal noises.

[0056] In a specific embodiment, the shape of the counterweight 320 is preferably a sphere.

[0057] In a specific embodiment, the size and weight of the three-way shock absorber 300 can be obtained through CAR calculation or experiments according to the weight of the tailgate, the tailgate mode, or the whole vehicle mode. That is, three-way shock absorbers of different sizes and weights can be selected according to different vehicle models.

[0058] Referring to Figure 4 , in a specific embodiment, the tailgate 100 includes an outer tailgate panel 110 and an inner tailgate panel 120 connected to the inner side of the outer tailgate panel 110. An installation groove 121 is provided in the middle area of the inner tailgate panel 120, and raised sections 122 are provided on both sides of the installation groove 121; the raised sections 122 and the installation groove 121 of the inner tailgate panel 120 are spaced apart from the outer tailgate panel 110 to form a cavity in the areas of the raised sections 122 and the installation groove 121. Through the spaced arrangement, it is possible to prevent the inner and outer panels from vibrating and deforming, resulting in knocking and abnormal noises, and reduce noise. In addition, the inner and outer panels may not be spaced apart and may be directly bonded together by gluing.

[0059] Furthermore, the shock absorber housing 310 is installed in the installation groove 121 of the inner tailgate panel. Specifically, the shock absorber housing 310 is a closed housing with an opening facing forward (the opening can be covered by a cover plate or the tailgate interior trim panel later). A flange 311 is provided at the opening, and the flange 311 is attached to the raised section 122 of the inner tailgate panel 120 and is fixedly connected to the raised section 122 through a fastener 500. The fastener 500 can be a connecting member such as a bolt or a rivet. In addition, the shock absorber housing can also be an open housing (similar to the bracket 210 shown in Figure 1 ). It should be noted that the closed housing can protect the counterweight and prevent the vibration of the wiring harness in the tailgate from affecting the counterweight's absorption of the amplitude.

[0060] Preferably, the shock absorber housing 310 is spacedly arranged in the installation groove 121. Specifically, the volume of the shock absorber housing 310 is smaller than the volume of the installation groove 121, so that when the shock absorber housing 310 is placed in the installation groove 121, a gap is formed between the outer wall of the shock absorber housing 310 and the inner wall of the installation groove 121. Glue is applied or sound insulation cotton is attached between the shock absorber housing 310 and the installation groove 121 to prevent abnormal noises.

[0061] Alternatively, an installation cavity for accommodating the three-way shock absorber 300 can be provided between the inner tailgate panel 120 and the outer tailgate panel 110, and the three-way shock absorber 300 is installed in the installation cavity. Alternatively, the three-way shock absorber 300 can be connected to the tailgate 100 in other ways, and the present invention is not limited thereto.

[0062] Referring toFigure 5 In another specific embodiment, the shock absorber housing 310 can also be integrally formed with the inner panel 120 of the tailgate, that is, the counterweight 320 is directly connected to the installation groove 121 of the inner panel 120 of the tailgate through the first spring 330, the second spring 340 and the third spring 350. It can also be that three installation brackets 400 are provided on the inner wall of the installation groove 121, and the first spring 330, the second spring 340 and the third spring 350 are connected through the installation brackets 400. The connection between the installation brackets 400 and the three springs can be carried out by means of snap connection, screw connection or welding, etc. It should be noted that since the inner panel of the tailgate is generally a plate with a certain elasticity, when the counterweight is directly connected to the inner panel of the tailgate, the counterweight may drive the inner panel of the tailgate to expand and contract during the energy absorption and vibration process, thereby affecting the shock absorption effect. By providing the installation brackets, the installation brackets are used as strengthening members, so that the movement of the counterweight will first be transmitted to the installation brackets, thereby reducing the impact on the inner panel of the tailgate. Similarly, the shock absorber housing also plays a role in strengthening the inner panel of the tailgate. The counterweight is arranged in the shock absorber housing, which is more convenient for assembly and disassembly. Of course, the installation brackets 400 can also be provided in the shock absorber housing.

[0063] In addition, the present utility model can also adjust the frequencies in different directions of the shock absorber by selecting counterweights with different weights and / or selecting springs with different elastic coefficients, so as to adjust the shock absorption degrees in different directions.

[0064] The present utility model also provides an automobile tailgate, including the three-way shock absorber 300 in the above-mentioned embodiment.

[0065] The present utility model also provides an automobile, including the automobile tailgate in the above-mentioned embodiment.

[0066] The above has introduced the solution of the present application in detail. Specific examples are used in this article to elaborate on the principle and implementation manner of the present application. The description of the above embodiments is only used to help understand the method and its core idea of the present application; at the same time, for those of ordinary skill in the art, according to the idea of the present application, there will be changes in the specific implementation manner and application scope. In summary, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation to the present application.

[0067] Reference throughout this specification to "one embodiment", "an embodiment", or "a specific embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment is included in at least one embodiment of the present application and not necessarily in all embodiments. Thus, the appearances of the phrases "in one embodiment", "in an embodiment", or "in a specific embodiment" in various places throughout this specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, or characteristics of any specific embodiment of the present application may be combined in any suitable manner with one or more other embodiments. It is to be understood that other variations and modifications of the embodiments of the application described and shown herein may be made in accordance with the teachings herein and will be considered part of the spirit and scope of the present application.

[0068] It should also be understood that one or more of the elements shown in the figures may also be implemented in a more separated or more integrated manner, or even removed in some cases where they are inoperable or provided because they may be useful in a particular application.

[0069] Additionally, any marked arrows in the figures should be considered only exemplary and not limiting unless otherwise explicitly specified. Furthermore, unless otherwise indicated, the term "or" as used herein is generally intended to mean "and / or". Where combinations of components or steps are anticipated because the term is unclear as to providing separability or combinability, the combination of components or steps will also be considered to be specified.

Claims

1. A tailgate three-way shock absorber, characterized in that, Comprising: A shock absorber housing, which is installed on the rear door of an automobile; And A counterweight, which is connected in the shock absorber housing by a first spring, a second spring and a third spring arranged in different directions, The counterweight is used to move in a direction opposite to the vibration direction through the first spring, the second spring and the third spring when the rear door of the automobile vibrates so as to absorb the vibration.

2. The three-way shock absorber for the rear door according to claim 1, wherein The first spring, the second spring and the third spring are arranged perpendicular to each other pairwise, the first spring is arranged along the X direction, the second spring is arranged along the Y direction, and the third spring is arranged along the Z direction.

3. The three-way shock absorber for the rear door according to claim 2, wherein One end of the first spring, the second spring and the third spring is connected to the counterweight, and the other end is connected to the bottom wall of the shock absorber housing to support the counterweight in the shock absorber housing; or One end of the first spring, the second spring and the third spring is connected to the counterweight, and the other end is connected to the top wall of the shock absorber housing to suspend the counterweight in the shock absorber housing.

4. The three-way shock absorber for the rear door according to any one of claims 1-3, wherein The three-way shock absorber is installed at the centroid position of the rear door of the automobile or at a position close to the centroid, or installed in the rear door coupling resonance area.

5. The three-way shock absorber for the rear door according to any one of claims 1-3, wherein There is a gap of at least 5 mm between the counterweight and the inner wall of the shock absorber housing.

6. The three-way shock absorber for the rear door according to any one of claims 1-3, wherein The shock absorber housing is integrally formed with the rear door of the automobile.

7. A tailgate, characterized in that, The rear door is installed with the three-way shock absorber for the rear door according to any one of claims 1-6.

8. The tailgate according to claim 7, characterized in that, Comprising a connected inner rear door panel and an outer rear door panel, wherein an installation groove is provided on the inner rear door panel, and the three-way shock absorber is installed in the installation groove.

9. The tailgate according to claim 8, characterized in that, The shock absorber housing of the three-way shock absorber is arranged at intervals in the installation groove.

10. A vehicle, characterized in that, Comprising the rear door according to any one of claims 7-9.

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