Novel yielding anchor rod
The new anchor design with a sliding inner sleeve and protrusions addresses the challenge of energy absorption and release in high-stress environments, enhancing structural stability and safety by allowing controlled deformation.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202422528642.0
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-10-18
- Publication Date
- 2025-07-15
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-10-18
AI Technical Summary
When traditional anchors are built in high ground stress areas, it is difficult to maintain high resistance and have the ability to deform, resulting in the inability to release the deformation pressure of surrounding rocks in time, increasing the risk of anchor failure.
A new type of compression anchor rod is designed, including an outer sleeve and an inner sleeve. The outer wall of the inner sleeve is provided with a protruding part, and the wall of the outer sleeve is provided with a first opening. The protruding part is inserted into the boundary rock through high-pressure grouting. The inner and outer sleeves are staggered to achieve pressure transfer and release the deformation pressure of the surrounding rock.
When the surrounding rock is deformed, the inner sleeve slides in the outer sleeve, releases part of the pressure, reduces the force under the support structure, improves the resistance and deformation ability of the anchor rod, and avoids damage or failure of the anchor rod.
Smart Images
Figure CN223104610U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This specification relates to the technical field of bolt support, and particularly to a new type of yielding bolt. Background Art
[0002] When constructing tunnels in high in-situ stress areas, large deformations of the surrounding rock will cause bolts to bear excessive deformation pressure, greatly increasing the risk of bolt failure. Currently, the most effective solution is that while maintaining high resistance, bolts must have corresponding deformation capabilities to deform synchronously with the surrounding rock, thereby releasing part of the deformation pressure of the surrounding rock. Therefore, the strength of the bolt, its own resistance, and its "yielding" functionality are extremely important for controlling large-deformation surrounding rock.
[0003] "Yielding" means that by adopting appropriate support means, on the premise of ensuring that the bolt itself is not severely damaged, a certain amount of shrinkage of the surrounding rock is allowed to release part of the energy and improve the stability and safety of the support structure. However, traditional bolts are usually designed to have high rigidity and strength to ensure that they can be firmly anchored in the rock and soil mass. However, this high-strength design makes it difficult for bolts to generate sufficient deformation to absorb and release energy when subjected to large tensile forces, resulting in bolt failure itself, thus limiting its ability to continuously suppress the deformation of the surrounding rock and release the energy of the surrounding rock, bringing great safety risks and economic challenges to construction. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a bolt with certain anchoring resistance and slip-yielding characteristics to quickly solve the problem of support failure caused by the extrusion deformation of the current surrounding rock. Summary of the Utility Model
[0004] In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, an object of this specification is to provide a new type of yielding bolt, which not only has prestress and anchoring performance, but also can slip and yield to release pressure in a timely manner.
[0005] To achieve the above object, an embodiment of this specification provides a new type of yielding bolt, including: an outer sleeve and an inner sleeve;
[0006] Wherein, the inner sleeve is arranged inside the outer sleeve; a convex portion is provided on the outer wall surface of the inner sleeve; a first opening is provided on the wall surface of the outer sleeve, and the convex portion passes through the first opening; the axial length of the first opening is greater than the axial length of the outer wall surface of the inner sleeve where the convex portion is provided; a cement cartridge is connected to the tail end of the outer sleeve, and the head end of the outer sleeve is fixed to the lining or the surrounding rock through a connecting mechanism and sealed.
[0007] As a preferred embodiment, the connecting mechanism includes a bolt, a backing plate, and a nut; the backing plate is provided with a second opening for the head end of the outer sleeve to pass through; the bolt fixes the backing plate to the lining or the surrounding rock, and the nut is installed on the head end of the outer sleeve passing through the second opening.
[0008] As a preferred embodiment, the nut is hollow inside and is used to accommodate a part of the inner sleeve.
[0009] As a preferred embodiment, the inner sleeve includes two semi-circular steel pipes of the same size, and the convex portions are welded to the outer wall surface of the semi-circular steel pipes.
[0010] As a preferred embodiment, the number of the convex portions on each semi-circular steel pipe is 2 to 5.
[0011] As a preferred embodiment, the convex portion is cylindrical and extends radially.
[0012] As a preferred embodiment, the end of the convex portion is conical.
[0013] As a preferred embodiment, the outer sleeve is in a circular tubular shape, and the outer wall of the outer sleeve is covered with threads.
[0014] As a preferred embodiment, there are two first openings which are oppositely arranged.
[0015] As a preferred embodiment, the circumferential dimension of the first opening is equal to the circumferential dimension of the convex portion. Advantageous Effects
[0016] For the novel yielding bolt provided by this embodiment, convex portions are provided on the outer wall surface of the inner sleeve, which expands the anchoring area. The wall surface of the outer sleeve is provided with first openings for the convex portions to pass through, and the axial length of the first openings is greater than the axial length of the outer wall surface provided with the convex portions. Thus, when the surrounding rock deforms, the inner sleeve can slide within a certain range in the outer sleeve, releasing part of the deformation pressure of the surrounding rock and reducing the stress on the support structure, solving the problem that traditional bolts may be damaged or fail because they cannot release pressure in time when the rock and soil body is under greater pressure.
[0017] This novel yielding bolt realizes bolt resistance by expanding the inner sleeve through high-pressure grouting and inserting the convex portions into the surrounding rock, and realizes yielding by the relative movement of the inner and outer sleeves. Thus, it not only has prestress and anchoring performance, but also can slide and yield to release pressure in time.
[0018] Referring to the following description and drawings, specific embodiments of the present invention are disclosed in detail, indicating the ways in which the principles of the present invention can be adopted. It should be understood that the embodiments of the present invention are not limited in scope thereby.
[0019] Features described and / or illustrated for one embodiment can be used in the same or similar way in one or more other embodiments, combined with the features in other embodiments, or replace the features in other embodiments.
[0020] It should be emphasized that the term "comprising / including" as used herein refers to the presence of features, whole parts, steps or components, but does not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, whole parts, steps or components. Description of the Drawings
[0021] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings.
[0022] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of a novel yielding bolt provided in this embodiment;
[0023] Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram of an inner sleeve provided in this embodiment.
[0024] Description of the Reference Numerals:
[0025] 1, backing plate; 11, second opening; 2, bolt; 3, nut; 4, outer sleeve; 41, first opening; 5, inner sleeve; 51, semi-circular steel pipe; 52, protruding part; 6, cement cartridge. Detailed Embodiments
[0026] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions in the present invention, the following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, rather than all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
[0027] It should be noted that when an element is referred to as being "disposed on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or there can also be another element in the middle. When an element is considered to be "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or there may be another element in the middle at the same time. The terms "vertical", "horizontal", "left", "right" and similar expressions used herein are only for the purpose of illustration and do not represent the only implementation manners.
[0028] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by those of ordinary skill in the technical field to which this utility model belongs. The terms used in the description of this utility model herein are for the purpose of describing specific embodiments only and are not intended to limit this utility model. The term "and / or" used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the related listed items.
[0029] Please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 . An embodiment of this application provides a novel yielding bolt, which includes an outer sleeve 4 and an inner sleeve 5.
[0030] Among them, the inner sleeve 5 is arranged inside the outer sleeve 4. A convex portion 52 is provided on the outer wall surface of the inner sleeve 5. The wall surface of the outer sleeve 4 is provided with a first opening 41, and the convex portion 52 passes through the first opening 41. The axial length of the first opening 41 is greater than the axial length of the outer wall surface of the inner sleeve 5 where the convex portion 52 is provided. A cement cartridge 6 is connected to the tail end of the outer sleeve 4. Piercing the cement cartridge 6 can cause the cement to flow out and solidify quickly, which can enhance the anchoring performance of the bolt. The head end of the outer sleeve 4 is fixed to the lining or surrounding rock through a connecting mechanism and is sealed.
[0031] For the novel yielding bolt provided by this embodiment, a convex portion 52 is provided on the outer wall surface of the inner sleeve 5, which expands the anchoring area. The wall surface of the outer sleeve 4 is provided with a first opening 41 for the convex portion 52 to pass through, and the axial length of the first opening 41 is set to be greater than the axial length of the outer wall surface where the convex portion 52 is provided. Thus, when the surrounding rock deforms, the inner sleeve 5 can slide within a certain range in the outer sleeve 4, releasing part of the deformation pressure of the surrounding rock and reducing the force on the support structure, solving the problem that traditional bolts may be damaged or fail because they cannot release pressure in time when the rock and soil mass is under greater pressure.
[0032] This novel yielding bolt realizes the bolt resistance by inserting the convex portion 52 into the surrounding rock by high-pressure grouting to expand the inner sleeve 5, and realizes yielding by the relative movement of the inner and outer sleeves 4. Thus, it not only has prestress and anchoring performance, but also can slip and yield to release pressure in time.
[0033] In this embodiment, as Figure 1 shown, the connecting mechanism may include a bolt 2, a backing plate 1 and a nut 3. The backing plate 1 is provided with a second opening 11 for the head end of the outer sleeve 4 to pass through. The bolt 2 fixes the backing plate 1 to the lining or surrounding rock, and the nut 3 is installed on the head end of the outer sleeve 4 passing through the second opening 11.
[0034] Specifically, the inside of the nut 3 is hollow and is used to accommodate part of the inner sleeve 5, which is convenient for the inner sleeve 5 to slide within the outer sleeve 4 and release pressure in time.
[0035] As Figure 2 shown, the inner sleeve 5 includes two semi-circular steel pipes 51 of the same size, and the convex portions 52 are welded to the outer wall surfaces of the semi-circular steel pipes 51. High-pressure grouting is carried out inside the two semi-circular steel pipes 51. Through high-pressure grouting, the convex portions 52 can be ejected from the first opening 41 of the outer sleeve 4, so that the convex portions 52 are inserted into the surrounding rock. Correspondingly, there are two first openings 41 on the outer sleeve 4, and the two first openings 41 are arranged oppositely.
[0036] In this embodiment, the number of the convex portions 52 on each semi-circular steel pipe 51 is preferably 2 to 5. The multiple convex portions 52 are arranged at equal intervals along the axial direction and are aligned. The circumferential dimension of the first opening 41 is equal to the circumferential dimension of the convex portion 52, so that the inner sleeve 5 can move axially relative to the outer sleeve 4. Alternatively, the circumferential dimension of the first opening 41 is slightly larger than the circumferential dimension of the convex portion 52, so that the circumferential movement of the inner sleeve 5 relative to the outer sleeve 4 can be ignored.
[0037] Preferably, the convex portion 52 is cylindrical and extends radially. After high-pressure grouting into the inner sleeve 5, it can be ejected from the first outlet and inserted into the surrounding rock to enhance the anchoring performance of the bolt. As Figure 2 shown, the end of the convex portion 52 is conical, which is convenient for inserting into the surrounding rock.
[0038] As Figure 1 shown, the outer sleeve 4 is in the shape of a circular tube, and the outer wall of the outer sleeve 4 is covered with threads, which can enhance the anchoring performance of the bolt. The first opening 41 is preferably located at the axial center of the outer sleeve 4.
[0039] In a specific application scenario, the pressure required for the convex portion 52 to insert into the surrounding rock can be calculated based on the compressive strength of the surrounding rock, the size and number of the convex portions 52, and the size of the inner sleeve 5 to determine the grouting pressure in the anchor pipe. The anti-resistance of the bolt can be calculated through the shear strength of the surrounding rock, the compressive strength of the surrounding rock, the size and number of the convex portions 52, and the frictional resistance between the surrounding rock and the convex portions 52, so as to determine the size and number of the convex portions 52, determine the relevant parameters of the bolt, and manufacture the bolt.
[0040] It should be noted that in the description of this specification, the terms "first", "second", etc. are only used for descriptive purposes and to distinguish similar objects. There is no sequence between them, nor can they be understood as indicating or implying relative importance. In addition, in the description of this specification, unless otherwise specified, the meaning of "multiple" is two or more.
[0041] Any numerical values recited herein include all values from the lower value to the upper value incremented by one unit therebetween, provided that there is a separation of at least two units between any lower value and any higher value. For example, if the value of the number of components or the process variable (such as temperature, pressure, time, etc.) is stated to be from 1 to 90, preferably from 20 to 80, more preferably from 30 to 70, it is intended that values such as 15 to 85, 22 to 68, 43 to 51, 30 to 32, etc. are also expressly enumerated in this specification. For values less than 1, a unit is appropriately considered to be 0.0001, 0.001, 0.01, 0.1. These are merely examples of what is intended to be clearly expressed, and it can be considered that all possible combinations of the numerical values recited between the lowest value and the highest value are expressly set forth in this specification in a similar manner.
[0042] Unless otherwise indicated, all ranges include the endpoints and all numbers therebetween. The term “about” or “approximate” used in connection with a range is applicable to both endpoints of that range. Thus, “about 20 to 30” is intended to cover “about 20 to about 30”, including at least the indicated endpoints.
[0043] All articles and references, including patent applications and publications, are incorporated herein by reference for various purposes. The term “consisting essentially of” describing a combination should include the identified elements, ingredients, components or steps as well as other elements, ingredients, components or steps that do not materially affect the basic novel features of the combination. Use of the terms “comprising” or “including” to describe the combinations of elements, ingredients, components or steps herein also contemplates embodiments consisting essentially of these elements, ingredients, components or steps. By using the term “may” herein, it is intended that any of the attributes described as “may” include are optional.
[0044] A plurality of elements, ingredients, components or steps can be provided by a single integrated element, ingredient, component or step. Alternatively, a single integrated element, ingredient, component or step can be separated into discrete plural elements, ingredients, components or steps. The disclosure of the articles “a” or “an” used to describe an element, ingredient, component or step is not intended to exclude other elements, ingredients, components or steps.
[0045] It should be understood that the above description is for illustrative purposes and not for limitation. By reading the above description, many embodiments and many applications other than the provided examples will be apparent to those skilled in the art. Therefore, the scope of the present teachings should not be determined with reference to the above description, but should be determined with reference to the appended claims and the full scope of equivalents to which these claims are entitled. For the sake of completeness, all articles and references, including the disclosures of patent applications and publications, are incorporated herein by reference. The omission of any aspect of the subject matter disclosed herein from the foregoing claims is not intended to abandon such subject matter, nor should it be considered that the inventor did not consider such subject matter to be part of the disclosed utility model subject matter.
Claims
1. A new yielding bolt, characterized in that, Comprising: An outer sleeve and an inner sleeve; Wherein, the inner sleeve is arranged inside the outer sleeve; a convex portion is provided on the outer wall surface of the inner sleeve; a first opening is provided on the wall surface of the outer sleeve, and the convex portion passes through the first opening; the axial length of the first opening is greater than the axial length of the outer wall surface of the inner sleeve where the convex portion is provided; a cement cartridge is connected to the tail end of the outer sleeve, and the head end of the outer sleeve is fixed to the lining or surrounding rock through a connecting mechanism and sealed.
2. The novel yielding bolt according to claim 1, characterized in that, The connecting mechanism includes a bolt, a backing plate and a nut; the backing plate is provided with a second opening for the head end of the outer sleeve to pass through; the bolt fixes the backing plate to the lining or surrounding rock, and the nut is installed on the head end of the outer sleeve passing through the second opening.
3. The novel yielding bolt according to claim 2, wherein The nut is hollow inside and is used to accommodate part of the inner sleeve.
4. The novel yielding bolt according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inner sleeve includes two semi-circular steel pipes with the same size, and the convex portion is welded to the outer wall surface of the semi-circular steel pipe.
5. The novel yielding bolt according to claim 4, characterized in that, The number of the convex portions on each semi-circular steel pipe is 2 to 5.
6. The novel yielding bolt according to claim 5, characterized in that, The convex portion is cylindrical and extends radially.
7. The novel yielding bolt according to claim 6, characterized in that, The end of the convex portion is conical.
8. The novel yielding bolt according to claim 1, characterized in that, The outer sleeve is in a circular tubular shape, and the outer wall of the outer sleeve is covered with threads.
9. The novel yielding bolt according to claim 8, characterized in that, There are two first openings and they are arranged oppositely.
10. The novel yielding bolt according to claim 9, wherein, The circumferential dimension of the first opening is equal to the circumferential dimension of the convex portion.