Backflow prevention device for deep-sea mining hydraulic lifting system

Abstract

The utility model relates to an anti-backflow device for a deep-sea mining hydraulic lifting system, which can seal a lifting channel of a centrifugal pump through an automatic falling cover plate when the centrifugal pump of the deep-sea mining hydraulic lifting system breaks down and stops working, so that mineral particles in a lifting pipeline are prevented from flowing back into blades of the centrifugal pump, and the service life of the centrifugal pump is prolonged. Therefore, the centrifugal pump is prevented from being blocked, and blades of the centrifugal pump are prevented from being damaged. And meanwhile, the first lifting pipeline and the second lifting pipeline automatically fall back, so that the backflow channel is smooth, and the mineral particles can flow back downwards through the backflow channel. In addition, in the lifting process, the cover plate is flushed open by water flow, meanwhile, the water flow drives the first lifting pipeline and the second lifting pipeline to move upwards to seal the backflow channel, and therefore a self-circulation loop is prevented from being formed. In the starting process, the self-circulation preventing structure in the backflow channel can also cut off water flow when the backflow channel is not closed by the first lifting pipeline and the second lifting pipeline, and a self-circulation loop is further prevented from being formed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of deep - sea mining, in particular to an anti - reflux device for a hydraulic lifting system in deep - sea mining. Background Technique

[0002] As the land reserves of rare metals for high - tech development are gradually running out, the deep - sea bottom contains rich mineral resources, such as polymetallic nodules, cobalt - rich crusts, polymetallic sulfides, and rare - earth - rich sediments. These resources are generally regarded as the main rare - metal resources in the future industrial intelligent era. Due to their huge reserves and wide distribution, polymetallic nodules have attracted great attention. Deep - sea mining has proven to be an efficient solution to the land resource crisis. Among them, the hydraulic lifting system, as an effective material transportation technology, shows its unique advantages. During deep - sea mining, the hydraulic lifting system drives the seawater to flow through a centrifugal pump, and then transports deep - sea mineral resources from the seabed to the water surface through the seawater flow. It not only has high efficiency and low cost, but also has relatively little impact on the environment. However, the environment of deep - sea mining is relatively harsh. If an emergency occurs and the centrifugal pump stops working, the ore lifted in the pipeline will fall back. And the large - amount of falling ore will accumulate on the blades of the centrifugal pump. If the centrifugal pump is restarted in this situation, it is very likely to cause damage to the centrifugal pump, and the cost of equipment maintenance under the deep sea is huge. But there is no convenient and practical anti - reflux and blocking device for the centrifugal pump in deep - sea mining in the prior art. Summary of the Utility Model

[0003] In view of this, the purpose of the utility model is to provide an anti - reflux device for a hydraulic lifting system in deep - sea mining to solve the problems raised in the background technique.

[0004] To achieve the above purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical scheme:

[0005] An anti - reflux device for a hydraulic lifting system in deep - sea mining of the utility model includes a centrifugal pump housing and an anti - reflux device housing arranged outside the centrifugal pump housing. A reflux channel is formed between the centrifugal pump housing and the anti - reflux device housing; a centrifugal pump for hydraulic lifting is arranged inside the centrifugal pump housing; a cover plate is arranged at the top of the centrifugal pump housing.

[0006] A first lifting pipe is arranged at the top end of the anti - reflux device housing, and a transition channel is arranged at the bottom end of the anti - reflux device housing; a second lifting pipe is arranged at the bottom end of the transition pipe.

[0007] A first lifting pipe is arranged between the top of the first lifting pipe and the top of the centrifugal pump housing, and a second lifting pipe is arranged between the bottom of the second lifting pipe and the bottom of the centrifugal pump housing.

[0008] When the centrifugal pump performs hydraulic lifting, the first lifting pipe rises under the impact of water flow and closes the upper part of the reflux channel, and falls back into the top of the centrifugal pump housing to open the upper part of the reflux channel when the centrifugal pump stops hydraulic lifting; when the centrifugal pump performs hydraulic lifting, the second lifting pipe rises under the impact of water flow and closes the lower part of the reflux channel, and falls back into the top of the second lifting pipe to open the lower part of the reflux channel when the centrifugal pump stops hydraulic lifting;

[0009] A self-circulation prevention structure for preventing a self-circulation loop from being formed in the reflux channel during the start-up stage of the centrifugal pump is provided in the reflux channel.

[0010] In an embodiment of the present application, the self-circulation prevention structure includes a vertical guide rail, a spring, a bracket, an outer annular baffle, a movable annular baffle, and an inner annular baffle;

[0011] The guide rail is fixed on the outer side wall of the centrifugal pump housing through the bracket, the outer annular baffle is arranged on the inner side wall of the anti-reflux device housing, the inner annular baffle is arranged on the outer side wall of the centrifugal pump housing, the inner annular baffle and the outer annular baffle form an annular water-permeable hole, and the guide rail passes through the annular water-permeable hole;

[0012] The spring is sleeved on the guide rail, the movable annular baffle is connected with the guide rail in a matching manner, and the spring is connected with the movable annular baffle to limit the movable annular baffle above the annular water-permeable hole;

[0013] When there is high-speed water flow in the reflux channel, the movable annular baffle is impacted by the water flow and blocks the annular water-permeable hole along the guide rail to prevent the formation of a self-circulation loop.

[0014] In an embodiment of the present application, the bottom end of the anti-reflux device housing is connected to the second lifting pipe through a transition pipe, and when the second lifting pipe falls back, it falls into the transition pipe.

[0015] In an embodiment of the present application, a first limit structure for preventing the first lifting pipe from falling deep into the centrifugal pump housing and a second limit structure for preventing the second lifting pipe from being lifted into the centrifugal pump housing are provided in the centrifugal pump housing.

[0016] In an embodiment of the present application, a corrugated pipe is sleeved outside the spring, and its material is a plastic material suitable for the offshore engineering field.

[0017] In an embodiment of the present application, the centrifugal pump housing and the anti-reflux device housing are fixed by connecting rods.

[0018] In an embodiment of the present application, an elastic material layer is provided at the positions where the top of the first lifting pipe and the bottom of the first lifting pipe are in contact with each other, and an elastic material layer is provided at the positions where the top of the second lifting pipe and the bottom of the second limiting structure are in contact with each other.

[0019] The beneficial effects of the present utility model are as follows: A backflow prevention device for a deep-sea mining hydraulic lifting system according to the present utility model. When the centrifugal pump in the deep-sea mining hydraulic lifting system fails and stops working, the present application can close the lifting channel of the centrifugal pump through the automatically falling cover plate, preventing the mineral particles in the lifting pipe from flowing back into the blades of the centrifugal pump, thereby preventing the centrifugal pump from being blocked and preventing damage to the blades of the centrifugal pump. At the same time, the first lifting pipe and the second lifting pipe also automatically fall back, making the backflow channel unobstructed, and the mineral particles can flow downward through the backflow channel. In addition, during the lifting process, the cover plate is washed open by the water flow, and at the same time, the water flow drives the first lifting pipe and the second lifting pipe to move upward to close the backflow channel, thereby preventing the formation of a self-circulation loop. During the initial startup process, the anti-self-circulation structure in the backflow channel can also cut off the water flow when the first lifting pipe and the second lifting pipe do not close the backflow channel, further preventing the formation of a self-circulation loop. Description of the Drawings

[0020] The present utility model will be further described below in conjunction with the drawings and embodiments:

[0021] Figure 1 It is a front view sectional view of a backflow prevention device for a deep-sea mining hydraulic lifting system in the present application when the centrifugal pump stops;

[0022] Figure 2 It is a front view sectional view of the device in the present application for a deep-sea mining hydraulic lifting system at the initial startup;

[0023] Figure 3 It is a front view sectional view of the device in the present application for a deep-sea mining hydraulic lifting system during stable operation;

[0024] The reference numerals are:

[0025] 1 - First lifting pipe; 2 - Backflow prevention device housing; 3 - First limiting structure; 4 - Backflow channel; 5 - Guide rail; 6 - Spring; 7 - Lifting channel; 8 - Cover plate; 9 - First lifting pipe; 10 - Centrifugal pump housing; 11 - Link; 12 - Bracket; 13 - Outer annular baffle; 14 - Movable annular baffle; 15 - Inner annular baffle; 16 - Second limiting structure; 17 - Second lifting pipe; 18 - Transition pipe; 19 - Second lifting pipe. Detailed Embodiments

[0026] The following specific examples are used to illustrate the implementation manners of the present utility model. Those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present utility model from the content disclosed in this specification. The present utility model can also be implemented or applied through other different specific implementation manners. Various details in this specification can also be modified or changed based on different viewpoints and applications without departing from the spirit of the present utility model. It should be noted that, without conflict, the following embodiments and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other.

[0027] It should be noted that the diagrams provided in the following embodiments only illustrate the basic concept of the present utility model in a schematic manner. Therefore, only the layers related to the present utility model are shown in the drawings, rather than being drawn according to the number, shape, and size of the layers in actual implementation. The type, quantity, and ratio of each layer in actual implementation can be arbitrarily changed, and the layer layout type may also be more complex.

[0028] In the following description, a large number of details are explored to provide a more thorough explanation of the embodiments of the present utility model. However, it is obvious to those skilled in the art that the embodiments of the present utility model can be implemented without these specific details.

[0029] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of an anti-backflow device for a deep-sea mining hydraulic lifting system in this application when the centrifugal pump stops. As Figure 1 shown, this application includes a centrifugal pump housing 10 and an anti-backflow device housing 2 arranged outside the centrifugal pump housing 10. A backflow channel 4 is formed between the centrifugal pump housing 10 and the anti-backflow device housing 2; a centrifugal pump for hydraulic lifting is provided inside the centrifugal pump housing 10; a cover plate 8 is provided at the top of the centrifugal pump housing 10;

[0030] A first lifting pipe 1 is provided at the top end of the anti-backflow device housing 2, and a transition pipe 18 is provided at the bottom end of the anti-backflow device housing 2;

[0031] A second lifting pipe 19 is provided at the bottom end of the transition pipe 18;

[0032] A first lifting and lowering pipe 9 is provided between the first lifting pipe 1 and the top of the centrifugal pump housing 10, and a second lifting and lowering pipe 17 is provided between the second lifting pipe 19 and the bottom of the centrifugal pump housing 10;

[0033] When the centrifugal pump performs hydraulic lifting, the first lifting pipe 9 rises under the impact of water flow and closes the upper part of the reflux channel 4, and when the centrifugal pump stops hydraulic lifting, it falls back into the top of the centrifugal pump housing 10 to open the upper part of the reflux channel 4; when the centrifugal pump performs hydraulic lifting, the second lifting pipe 17 rises under the impact of water flow and closes the lower part of the reflux channel 4, and when the centrifugal pump stops hydraulic lifting, it falls back into the top of the second lifting pipe 19 to open the lower part of the reflux channel 4;

[0034] The first lifting pipe 9 is installed inside the lifting channel 7, and a first limiting structure 3 is installed below it. When the centrifugal pump stops working, the first lifting pipe 9 falls back into the lifting channel 7, its lower part lands on the first limiting structure 3, and its top is exactly at the same horizontal plane as the top of the centrifugal pump housing 10. When the centrifugal pump works stably, the first lifting pipe 9 is flushed out of the lifting channel 7 by the rising fluid, and its top exactly contacts the lower end of the first lifting pipe 1.

[0035] When the centrifugal pump stops working, the second lifting pipe 17 falls back into the transition pipe 18, its bottom exactly gets stuck at the top of the inner diameter changing section in the middle of the transition pipe 18, and its top is at the same horizontal plane as the top of the transition pipe 18.

[0036] When the centrifugal pump works stably, the second lifting pipe 17 will move upward under the impact of the rising seawater and mineral particles, and finally its top contacts the bottom of the second limiting structure 16 at the lower end of the centrifugal pump housing 10.

[0037] A self - circulation prevention structure is provided in the reflux channel 4 to prevent the formation of a self - circulation loop in the reflux channel 4 during the start - up stage of the centrifugal pump.

[0038] The self - circulation prevention structure includes a vertical guide rail 5, a spring 6, a bracket 12, an outer annular baffle 13, a movable annular baffle 14, and an inner annular baffle 15;

[0039] The guide rail 5 is fixed on the outer side wall of the centrifugal pump housing 10 through the bracket 12. The outer annular baffle 13 is arranged on the inner side wall of the anti - reflux device housing 2. The inner annular baffle 15 is arranged on the outer side wall of the centrifugal pump housing 10. The inner annular baffle 15 and the outer annular baffle 13 form an annular water - permeable hole, and the guide rail 5 passes through the annular water - permeable hole;

[0040] The spring 6 is sleeved on the guide rail 5. The movable annular baffle 14 is connected with the guide rail 5 in a matching way, and the spring 6 is connected with the movable annular baffle 14 to limit the movable annular baffle 14 above the annular water - permeable hole;

[0041] When there is a relatively high - speed water flow in the reflux channel 4, the movable annular baffle 14 is impacted by the water flow and blocks the annular water - permeable hole along the guide rail 5 to prevent the formation of a self - circulation loop.

[0042] The bottom end of the anti-backflow device housing 2 is connected to the second lifting pipe 19 through a transition pipe 18. When the second lifting pipe 17 descends, it falls into the transition pipe 18. The inner diameter of the upper section of the transition pipe 18 is the same as the outer diameter of the second lifting pipe 17. The inner diameter of the middle section of the transition pipe 17 gradually decreases and finally becomes the same as the inner diameter of the second lifting pipe 19. The outer diameter of the transition pipe 18 gradually decreases from top to bottom. Its top outer diameter is the same as the bottom outer diameter of the anti-backflow device housing 2, and its bottom outer diameter is the same as the outer diameter of the second lifting pipe 19.

[0043] A first limiting structure 3 for preventing the first lifting pipe 9 from falling deep into the centrifugal pump housing 10 and a second limiting structure 16 for preventing the second lifting pipe 17 from being lifted into the centrifugal pump housing 10 are provided inside the centrifugal pump housing 10.

[0044] A corrugated pipe is sleeved outside the spring 6, and its material is a plastic material suitable for the offshore engineering field.

[0045] The centrifugal pump housing 10 and the anti-backflow device housing 2 are fixed by a connecting rod 11.

[0046] Elastic materials are provided at the positions where the top of the first lifting pipe 9 and the bottom of the first lifting pipe 1 are in contact with each other. When these two parts are in contact, through extrusion, the sealing between the first lifting pipe 9 and the first lifting pipe 1 is completed as much as possible. Elastic materials are also provided at the positions where the top of the second lifting pipe 17 and the bottom of the second limiting structure 16 are in contact with each other. When these two parts are in contact, through extrusion, the sealing between the second lifting pipe 17 and the second limiting structure 16 is completed as much as possible.

[0047] As Figure 1 shown, when the centrifugal pump stops working, at this time, the first lifting pipe 9 falls back into the lifting channel 7 under the influence of its own gravity, and its lower part is stuck on the first limiting structure 3. At the same time, the cover plate 8 closes the upper end of the lifting channel 7 under the influence of its own gravity. At this time, the mineral particles flowing back cannot enter the lifting channel 7 and can only flow back downward through the backflow channel 4. When the centrifugal pump stops working, the second lifting pipe 17 will also fall back into the transition pipe 18 under the influence of its own gravity. The inner diameter of the transition pipe 18 is larger at the top and smaller at the bottom, and the second lifting pipe 17 can just be stuck in the transition pipe 18. At this time, the top of the second lifting pipe 17 and the top of the transition pipe 18 are at the same horizontal height.

[0048] When the centrifugal pump starts to work, since the centrifugal pump blades are located in the lifting channel 7, an upward lifting force will be generated in the lifting channel 7, and seawater and mineral particles will be lifted upward through the lifting channel 7. At this time, under the action of the rising seawater and mineral particles, the cover plate 8 will be subjected to an upward impact force and thus open, and the bottom pipe wall of the first lifting pipe 9 will also be subjected to an upward impact force, causing the first lifting pipe 9 to gradually rise. At the same time, since seawater and mineral particles are continuously sucked into the lifting channel 7, seawater and mineral particles are continuously lifted in the second lifting pipe 19, causing the bottom pipe wall of the second lifting pipe 17 to be subjected to an upward impact force and gradually rise. During this process, since the first lifting pipe 9 and the second lifting pipe 17 will not come into contact with the first lifting pipe 1 and the centrifugal pump housing 10 instantaneously, a self-circulation loop may be formed between the return channel 4 and the lifting channel 7, resulting in a reduction in the system lifting efficiency. Therefore, an anti-self-circulation structure is provided in the return channel 4. Since this phenomenon mostly occurs in the initial stage after the centrifugal pump is stopped and restarted in the present utility model, the substances lifted in the lifting channel 7 and the substances circulating in the self-circulation loop are mainly seawater at this time.

[0049] When a self-circulation loop is formed between the return channel 4 and the lifting channel 7, the seawater flow direction in the return channel 4 is from top to bottom. Since the lifting amount of seawater and mineral particles in the deep-sea mining hydraulic lifting system is very large at this time, the flow rate and velocity of the seawater flowing from top to bottom in the return channel 4 are both very large, causing the movable annular baffle 14 to move downward along the guide rail 5 under the impact of the downward seawater until it moves between the outer annular baffle 13 and the inner annular baffle 15. At this time, the movable annular baffle 14, the outer annular baffle 13 and the inner annular baffle 15 completely close the return channel 4. At this time, seawater and mineral particles can only move upward through the lifting channel 7, and the first lifting pipe 9 and the second lifting pipe 17 will be subjected to an upward impact force and continuously move upward until the top of the first lifting pipe 9 is in full contact with the bottom of the first lifting pipe 1, and the second lifting pipe 17 is in full contact with the lower end of the second limiting structure 16 at the bottom of the centrifugal pump housing 10. At this time, the working state intention of the present utility model is as Figure 2 shown.

[0050] After the top of the first lifting pipe 9 is in full contact with the bottom of the first lifting pipe 1 and the second lifting pipe 17 is in full contact with the lower end of the second limiting structure 16 at the bottom of the centrifugal pump housing 10, there will be no seawater and mineral particles flowing in the return channel 4. At this time, the movable annular baffle 14 slowly rises along the guide rail 5 to its initial position under the action of the spring 6 at its top. At this time, the working state intention of the present application is as Figure 3 shown.

[0051] In the above embodiments, although the present utility model has been described in conjunction with specific embodiments thereof, many alternatives, modifications, and variations of these embodiments will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art in light of the foregoing description. The embodiments of the present utility model are intended to cover all such alternatives, modifications, and variations that fall within the broad scope of the appended claims.

[0052] The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles and effects of the present utility model and are not intended to limit the present utility model. Any person familiar with this technology may modify or change the above embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present utility model. Therefore, all equivalent modifications or changes made by those of ordinary skill in the art in the relevant technical field without departing from the spirit and technical idea disclosed by the present utility model should still be covered by the claims of the present utility model.

Claims

1. An anti-backflow device for a deep-sea mining hydraulic lifting system, characterized in that, It includes a centrifugal pump housing (10) and a backflow prevention device housing (2) arranged outside the centrifugal pump housing (10), and a backflow channel (4) is formed between the centrifugal pump housing (10) and the backflow prevention device housing (2); a centrifugal pump for hydraulic lifting is arranged inside the centrifugal pump housing (10); a cover plate (8) is arranged at the top of the centrifugal pump housing (10). A first lifting pipe (1) is arranged at the top end of the backflow prevention device housing (2), and a transition pipe (18) is arranged at the bottom end of the backflow prevention device housing (2); a second lifting pipe (19) is arranged at the bottom end of the transition pipe (18). A first lifting pipe (1) and the top of the centrifugal pump housing (10) are provided with a first lifting pipe (9), and a second lifting pipe (19) and the bottom of the centrifugal pump housing (10) are provided with a second lifting pipe (17). When the centrifugal pump performs hydraulic lifting, the first lifting pipe (9) is impacted by the water flow and rises to close the upper part of the backflow channel (4), and when the centrifugal pump stops hydraulic lifting, it falls back into the top of the centrifugal pump housing (10) to open the upper part of the backflow channel (4); when the centrifugal pump performs hydraulic lifting, the second lifting pipe (17) is impacted by the water flow and rises to close the lower part of the backflow channel (4), and when the centrifugal pump stops hydraulic lifting, it falls back into the top of the second lifting pipe (19) to open the lower part of the backflow channel (4). A self-circulation prevention structure for preventing a self-circulation loop from being formed in the backflow channel (4) during the start-up stage of the centrifugal pump is arranged in the backflow channel (4).

2. The anti-backflow device for a deep-sea mining hydraulic lifting system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The self-circulation prevention structure includes a vertical guide rail (5), a spring (6), a bracket (12), an outer annular baffle (13), a movable annular baffle (14), and an inner annular baffle (15). The guide rail (5) is fixed on the outer side wall of the centrifugal pump housing (10) through the bracket (12), the outer annular baffle (13) is arranged on the inner side wall of the backflow prevention device housing (2), the inner annular baffle (15) is arranged on the outer side wall of the centrifugal pump housing (10), the inner annular baffle (15) and the outer annular baffle (13) form an annular water permeable hole, and the guide rail (5) passes through the annular water permeable hole. The spring (6) is sleeved on the guide rail (5), the movable annular baffle (14) is cooperatively connected with the guide rail (5), and the spring (6) is connected with the movable annular baffle (14) to limit the movable annular baffle (14) above the annular water permeable hole. When there is a high-speed water flow in the backflow channel (4), the movable annular baffle (14) is impacted by the water flow and blocks the annular water permeable hole along the guide rail (5) to prevent the formation of a self-circulation loop.

3. The anti-backflow device for a deep-sea mining hydraulic lifting system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bottom end of the backflow prevention device housing (2) and the second lifting pipe (19) are connected through a transition pipe (18), and when the second lifting pipe (17) falls back, it falls into the transition pipe (18).

4. The anti-backflow device for a deep-sea mining hydraulic lifting system according to claim 1, wherein, A first limiting structure (3) for preventing the first lifting pipe (9) from falling into the deep part of the centrifugal pump housing (10) and a second limiting structure (16) for preventing the second lifting pipe (17) from being lifted into the centrifugal pump housing (10) are provided inside the centrifugal pump housing (10).

5. The anti-backflow device for a deep-sea mining hydraulic lifting system according to claim 2, characterized in that, A corrugated pipe is sleeved outside the spring (6), and its material is a plastic material suitable for the offshore engineering field.

6. The anti-backflow device for a deep-sea mining hydraulic lifting system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The centrifugal pump housing (10) and the anti-backflow device housing (2) are fixed by a connecting rod (11).

7. The anti - reflux device for a deep - sea mining hydraulic lifting system according to claim 1, wherein, An elastic material layer is provided at the positions where the top of the first lifting pipe (9) and the bottom of the first lifting pipe (1) are in contact with each other, and an elastic material layer is provided at the positions where the top of the second lifting pipe (17) and the bottom of the second limiting structure (16) are in contact with each other.

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