Self-adaptive steel arch indoor test device

Abstract

The utility model discloses a self-adaptive steel arch indoor test device, which relates to the technical field of tunnel construction and comprises a pressure simulation device, speckle observation points, a simulation surrounding rock layer, a strain acquisition instrument and a PLC (programmable logic controller). The simulation surrounding rock layer is arranged on the inner side of the pressure simulation device, a plurality of stress sensors of the strain acquisition instrument are arranged in the simulation surrounding rock layer, a plurality of speckle observation points are arranged on the front face of the simulation surrounding rock layer, and three simulation roadways are formed in the simulation surrounding rock layer. The simulation roadways are arranged to be a self-adaptive steel arch roadway, a common steel arch roadway and a support-free roadway. The device is simple in structure and convenient to operate, can simulate various stress conditions, and improves the accuracy of simulated data; a self-adaptive steel arch roadway, an ordinary steel arch roadway and a support-free roadway can be simultaneously experimented, so that the result is more obvious; a speckle strain measurement technology is combined with a strain acquisition instrument, so that the strain change in an experiment can be monitored in real time with high precision.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of tunnel construction, in particular to an indoor test device for an adaptive steel arch. Background Technique

[0002] The large deformation of the broken soft rock chamber has always been a safety factor affecting engineering construction. In order to improve the integrity of the surrounding rock, ensure the stability of the roadway, and be able to perform adaptive coordinated deformation during the subsequent deformation of the surrounding rock, a variety of adaptive steel arches have emerged. However, when designing the structure of the steel arch, it is necessary to analyze the bearing capacity of the support structure. The existing experimental devices have problems such as complex structure, cumbersome operation, and difficulty in directly observing the deformation of the surrounding rock.

[0003] Therefore, how to provide an indoor test device for an adaptive steel arch, which has the characteristics of simple structure and convenient operation, and can also intuitively observe the deformation of the surrounding rock; has become a technical problem that needs to be solved urgently by those skilled in the art. Content of the Utility Model

[0004] The purpose of the utility model is to provide an indoor test device for an adaptive steel arch to solve the problem that it is difficult to observe the deformation of the surrounding rock of the existing device.

[0005] To solve the above technical problems, the utility model adopts the following technical scheme:

[0006] An indoor test device for an adaptive steel arch of the utility model includes a pressure simulation device, speckle observation points, a simulated surrounding rock layer, a strain collector and a PLC controller; the simulated surrounding rock layer is arranged inside the pressure simulation device, multiple stress sensors of the strain collector are arranged inside the simulated surrounding rock layer, multiple speckle observation points are arranged on the front of the simulated surrounding rock layer, three simulated roadways are arranged on the simulated surrounding rock layer, and the simulated roadways are respectively set as an adaptive steel arch roadway, a common steel arch roadway and a non-support roadway; the strain collector, the pressure simulation device and the PLC controller are electrically connected.

[0007] Specifically, the pressure simulation device includes a frame, a bottom plate, a left side plate, a right side plate, a lateral pressure device and a vertical pressure device;

[0008] The bottom inside the frame is equipped with the bottom plate, and the right side inside the frame is equipped with the right side plate; the left side of the simulated surrounding rock layer contacts the left side plate, and the left side inside the frame is equipped with the lateral pressure device, and the lateral pressure device is provided with a lateral pressure head; under the action of the lateral pressure device, the lateral pressure head extrudes the left side plate; the top inside the frame is provided with the vertical pressure device, and the vertical pressure device is evenly provided with a plurality of vertical pressure heads, and the vertical pressure heads extrude the pressing plate in the simulated surrounding rock layer under the action of the vertical pressure device; both the lateral pressure device and the vertical pressure device are electrically connected to the PLC controller.

[0009] Specifically, the simulated surrounding rock layer is arranged above the bottom plate, the right side of the simulated surrounding rock layer contacts the right side plate, the left side of the simulated surrounding rock layer contacts the left side plate, and the top of the simulated surrounding rock layer is provided with multiple pressing plates.

[0010] Specifically, a plurality of speckle observation points are evenly distributed on the front surface of the simulated surrounding rock layer. When evenly distributed, the distance between adjacent speckle observation points is 0.5 cm - 1 cm; the speckle observation points near the simulated roadway are densely distributed.

[0011] Specifically, a steel arch is arranged inside the ordinary steel arch roadway, and the outer side and the bottom of the steel arch are directly in contact with the simulated surrounding rock layer.

[0012] Specifically, no support structure is arranged inside the unsupported roadway.

[0013] Specifically, an adaptive steel arch and supports are arranged inside the adaptive steel arch roadway; the outer side of the adaptive steel arch is directly in contact with the simulated surrounding rock layer, and a plurality of supports are arranged at the bottom of the adaptive steel arch.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial technical effects of the present utility model are:

[0015] An indoor test device for an adaptive steel arch of the present utility model includes a pressure simulation device, speckle observation points, a simulated surrounding rock layer, a strain collector and a PLC controller; the pressure simulation device includes a frame, a bottom plate, a left side plate, a right side plate, a lateral pressure device, a lateral pressure head, a vertical pressure device and a vertical pressure head; an adaptive steel arch roadway, an ordinary steel arch roadway and an unsupported roadway are excavated on the simulated surrounding rock layer, a steel arch is arranged inside the ordinary steel arch roadway, and an adaptive steel arch and supports are arranged inside the adaptive steel arch roadway;

[0016] 1) Simple structure and convenient operation. Through the pressure simulation device, various stress conditions can be simulated, improving the accuracy of the simulation data;

[0017] 2) It can conduct experiments on self - adaptive steel arch roadway, ordinary steel arch roadway and unsupported roadway simultaneously, compare the test results, and make the conclusion more obvious;

[0018] 3) By combining the speckle strain measurement technology with a strain acquisition instrument, it can accurately and real - time monitor the strain changes occurring in the experiment.

[0019] The indoor test device for self - adaptive steel arch of the present utility model has a simple structure and is easy to operate. Through the pressure simulation device, it can simulate various stress conditions, improving the accuracy of the simulation data; it can conduct experiments on self - adaptive steel arch roadway, ordinary steel arch roadway and unsupported roadway simultaneously, making the results more obvious; it applies the speckle strain measurement technology and can accurately and real - time monitor the strain changes occurring in the experiment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] The following further describes the present utility model in conjunction with the drawings.

[0021] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the indoor test device for self - adaptive steel arch of the present utility model;

[0022] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the self - adaptive steel arch roadway of the present utility model;

[0023] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the exploded structure of the support of the present utility model;

[0024] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the ordinary steel arch roadway of the present utility model.

[0025] Description of reference numerals: 1. Pressure simulation device; 2. Speckle observation point; 3. Simulated surrounding rock layer; 4. Self - adaptive steel arch roadway; 5. Ordinary steel arch roadway; 6. Unsupported roadway;

[0026] 101. Frame; 102. Bottom plate; 103. Left side plate; 104. Right side plate; 105. Lateral pressure device; 106. Lateral pressure head; 107. Vertical pressure device; 108. Vertical pressure head;

[0027] 301. Pressing plate;

[0028] 401. Self - adaptive steel arch; 402. Support;

[0029] 501. Steel arch. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0030] In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and beneficial effects to be solved by the present utility model clearer and more understandable, the present utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present utility model and are not used to limit the present utility model.

[0031] As Figures 1-4 shown, an indoor test device for an adaptive steel arch includes a pressure simulation device 1, speckle observation points 2, a simulated surrounding rock layer 3, a strain collector and a PLC controller; the simulated surrounding rock layer 3 is arranged inside the pressure simulation device 1, and a plurality of stress sensors of the strain collector are arranged inside the simulated surrounding rock layer 3. A plurality of speckle observation points 2 are arranged on the front surface of the simulated surrounding rock layer 3, and three simulated roadways are provided on the simulated surrounding rock layer 3, which are respectively set as an adaptive steel arch roadway 4, a common steel arch roadway 5 and an unsupported roadway 6; the strain collector, the pressure simulation device 1 and the PLC controller are electrically connected.

[0032] Specifically, the pressure simulation device 1 includes a frame 101, a bottom plate 102, a left side plate 103, a right side plate 104, a lateral pressure device 105 and a vertical pressure device 107;

[0033] The bottom plate 102 is installed at the inner bottom of the frame 101, and the right side plate 104 is installed inside the frame 101; the left side of the simulated surrounding rock layer 3 is in contact with the left side plate 103, the lateral pressure device 105 is installed inside the frame 101, and the lateral pressure device 105 is provided with a lateral pressure head 106; under the action of the lateral pressure device 105, the lateral pressure head 106 presses the left side plate 103; the vertical pressure device 107 is arranged at the inner top of the frame 101, and the vertical pressure device 107 is evenly provided with a plurality of vertical pressure heads 108, and the vertical pressure heads 108 press the pressing plate 302 in the simulated surrounding rock layer 3 under the action of the vertical pressure device 107; both the lateral pressure device 105 and the vertical pressure device 107 are electrically connected to the PLC controller; the lateral pressure device 105 is used to simulate lateral pressure, and the vertical pressure device 107 is used to simulate vertical pressure. The two can simulate various stress conditions in combination to improve the accuracy of experimental data; by adjusting the number of the vertical pressure heads 108, it can adapt to the simulated surrounding rock layer 3 of different lengths.

[0034] Specifically, the simulated surrounding rock layer 3 is arranged above the bottom plate 102. The right side of the simulated surrounding rock layer 3 is in contact with the right side plate 104, and the left side of the simulated surrounding rock layer 3 is in contact with the left side plate 103. A plurality of pressing plates 301 are arranged on the top of the simulated surrounding rock layer 3; the arrangement of the pressing plates 301 can make the top of the simulated surrounding rock layer 3 receive more uniform force, avoiding excessive local force from affecting the test results.

[0035] Specifically, a plurality of the speckle observation points 2 are evenly distributed on the front surface of the simulated surrounding rock layer 3. When evenly distributed, the distance between adjacent speckle observation points 2 is 0.5 cm - 1 cm; the speckle observation points 2 near the simulated roadway are densely distributed; the setting of the speckle observation points 2 is beneficial to subsequent deformation observation.

[0036] Specifically, as Figure 4 shown, inside the ordinary steel arch roadway 5, there is a steel arch 501. The outer side and the bottom of the steel arch 501 are directly in contact with the simulated surrounding rock layer 3; it is used to simulate the deformation condition and stability of the roadway when only the steel arch is set.

[0037] Specifically, no support structure is arranged inside the unsupported roadway 6; it is used to simulate the deformation condition and stability of the roadway without support.

[0038] Specifically, as Figure 2 shown, in a specific embodiment, an adaptive steel arch 401 and supports 402 are arranged inside the adaptive steel arch roadway 4; the outer side of the adaptive steel arch 401 is directly in contact with the simulated surrounding rock layer 3, and a plurality of the supports 402 are arranged at the bottom of the adaptive steel arch 401; it is used to simulate the deformation condition and stability of the roadway when the adaptive steel arch 401 and the supports 402 are set.

[0039] The using process of the present utility model is as follows:

[0040] Preparation work: Use 3D printing technology to prepare the steel arch 501, the adaptive steel arch 401 and the supports 402; use adhesive materials and aggregates to prepare materials similar to the surrounding rock layer in reality, clean the experimental device, and add baffles on both sides of the pressure simulation device 1, and layer by layer add materials to the inside of the baffles; when adding materials, bury the stress sensors of the strain collector at the positions to be detected; after the materials are added, carry out static curing work according to the specified time, and remove the baffles after curing to form the simulated surrounding rock layer 3;

[0041] Excavate roadways. Three simulated roadways are excavated in the simulated surrounding rock layer 3. The first simulated roadway is not lined with a steel arch structure to form an unprotected roadway; the steel arch 501 is lined in the second simulated roadway to form a common steel arch roadway 5; the adaptive steel arch 401 is lined in the third simulated roadway, and a plurality of supports 402 are arranged at the bottom of the adaptive steel arch 401 to form an adaptive steel arch roadway 4; speckle observation points 2 are arranged on the front of the simulated surrounding rock layer 3 in an equally spaced distribution manner, and the distance between adjacent speckle observation points 2 is 0.5 cm - 1 cm; while the speckle observation points 2 near the simulated roadway are densely distributed, and it should be noted that the speckle observation points 2 cannot be overlapped when setting them;

[0042] Experimental test. The lateral pressure is simulated by squeezing the left plate 103 with the lateral pressure head 106 in the lateral pressure device 105, the vertical pressure is simulated by squeezing the pressure plate 302 with the vertical pressure head 108, and various stress conditions are simulated through different combinations to improve the accuracy of experimental data; the deformation is observed through the speckle imaging system, and the deformation of the simulated surrounding rock layer 3 is detected by the strain collector.

[0043] It should be noted that in this article, relational terms such as first and second are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the term "comprising", "including" or any other variant thereof is intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device comprising a series of elements not only includes those elements, but also includes other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device.

[0044] The embodiments described above are only descriptions of the preferred modes of the present invention, and do not limit the scope of the present invention. Without departing from the design spirit of the present invention, various deformations and improvements made by those of ordinary skill in the art to the technical solutions of the present invention shall fall within the protection scope determined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. An indoor test device for an adaptive steel arch, characterized in that: It includes a pressure simulation device (1), speckle observation points (2), a simulated surrounding rock layer (3), a strain collector, and a PLC controller; the simulated surrounding rock layer (3) is arranged inside the pressure simulation device (1), multiple stress sensors of the strain collector are arranged inside the simulated surrounding rock layer (3), multiple speckle observation points (2) are arranged on the front surface of the simulated surrounding rock layer (3), and three simulated roadways are opened in the simulated surrounding rock layer (3), which are respectively set as an adaptive steel arch roadway (4), a common steel arch roadway (5), and an unsupported roadway (6); the strain collector, the pressure simulation device (1) are electrically connected to the PLC controller.

2. The adaptive steel arch indoor test device according to claim 1, wherein: The pressure simulation device (1) includes a frame (101), a bottom plate (102), a left side plate (103), a right side plate (104), a lateral pressure device (105), and a vertical pressure device (107); The bottom plate (102) is installed at the inner bottom of the frame (101), and the right side plate (104) is installed inside the frame (101); the left side of the simulated surrounding rock layer (3) is in contact with the left side plate (103), the lateral pressure device (105) is installed inside the left side of the frame (101), and the lateral pressure device (105) is provided with a lateral pressure head (106); under the action of the lateral pressure device (105), the lateral pressure head (106) squeezes the left side plate (103); the vertical pressure device (107) is arranged at the inner top of the frame (101), the vertical pressure device (107) is evenly provided with multiple vertical pressure heads (108), and the vertical pressure heads (108) squeeze the pressing plate (302) in the simulated surrounding rock layer (3) under the action of the vertical pressure device (107); both the lateral pressure device (105) and the vertical pressure device (107) are electrically connected to the PLC controller.

3. The adaptive steel arch indoor test device according to claim 2, wherein: The simulated surrounding rock layer (3) is arranged above the bottom plate (102), the right side of the simulated surrounding rock layer (3) is in contact with the right side plate (104), the left side of the simulated surrounding rock layer (3) is in contact with the left side plate (103), and multiple pressing plates (301) are arranged at the top of the simulated surrounding rock layer (3).

4. The adaptive steel arch indoor test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: Multiple speckle observation points (2) are evenly distributed on the front surface of the simulated surrounding rock layer (3). When evenly distributed, the distance between adjacent speckle observation points (2) is 0.5 cm - 1 cm; the speckle observation points (2) near the simulated roadway are densely distributed.

5. The adaptive steel arch indoor test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A steel arch (501) is arranged inside the common steel arch roadway (5), and the outer side and bottom of the steel arch (501) are directly in contact with the simulated surrounding rock layer (3).

6. The adaptive steel arch indoor test device according to claim 1, wherein: No support structure is arranged inside the unsupported roadway (6).

7. The adaptive steel arch indoor test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: An adaptive steel arch roadway (4) is provided with an adaptive steel arch (401) and supports (402); the outer side of the adaptive steel arch (401) is in direct contact with the simulated surrounding rock layer (3), and a plurality of the supports (402) are arranged at the bottom of the adaptive steel arch (401).

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