Distillation tower for preparing 1, 4-butanediol

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of distillation towers, in particular to a distillation tower for preparing 1, 4-butanediol, which comprises a tower body, and a plurality of separation mechanisms distributed in a staggered manner are arranged in the tower body; the separating mechanism comprises a first connecting plate, and a triggering assembly is arranged on the first connecting plate. The device has the beneficial effects that when tar substances generated in the tower body are deposited and attached at the gas-liquid interaction holes or block the gas-liquid interaction holes, the gas-liquid interaction holes blocked by the tar substances can be dredged in time, so that the situation that the flow interaction between a gas phase and a liquid phase in the tower body is influenced due to the fact that the gas-liquid interaction holes are blocked is avoided; the gas-liquid interaction holes blocked by tar substances can be dredged without stopping production, so that the production efficiency is improved, the tar substances can be discharged in time, the phenomenon that azeotrope is formed due to long-time coexistence of the tar substances and the target product 1, 4-butanediol is avoided, and the purity of the produced 1, 4-butanediol product is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of distillation columns, in particular to a distillation column for the preparation of 1,4-butanediol. Background Technique

[0002] 1,4-butanediol, abbreviated as BDO, is one of the isomers of butanediol. In the chemical industry, BDO is an important organic chemical and fine chemical raw material, used to produce chemical raw materials such as tetrahydrofuran, γ-butyrolactone and polybutylene terephthalate, and can also be used as a gelatin softener and water absorbent, widely used as a solvent, plasticizer, lubricant, etc.; in the plastics field, BDO can be used as a chain extender and polyester raw material to produce polyurethane elastomers and soft polyurethane foam plastics. The esters prepared from BDO are good plasticizers for cellulose, polyvinyl chloride, polyacrylate and polyester.

[0003] There are 4 common methods for the production and preparation of 1,4-butanediol: acetylene method, butadiene method, maleic anhydride method and biological fermentation method. When using the acetylene method and maleic anhydride method to produce and prepare 1,4-butanediol, complex mixtures are usually generated. In addition to the target product 1,4-butanediol, there are other by-products, impurities, catalysts and unreacted raw materials. The physical and chemical properties (such as boiling point, polarity) of these components vary greatly, and a distillation column is required for distillation to achieve efficient separation.

[0004] A novel distillation column for the preparation of 1,4-butanediol disclosed in Chinese Patent CN217367196U includes a distillation column body. A jacket is provided outside the distillation column body. A heat exchange jacket cavity is provided between the distillation column body and the jacket. A spiral tube is provided inside the heat exchange jacket cavity. The inner circle of the spiral tube is fixedly connected to the outer wall surface of the distillation column body, and the outer circle of the spiral tube is fixedly connected to the inner wall surface of the jacket; the top end of the spiral tube is fixedly connected to one end of a connecting pipe, and the other end of the connecting pipe is connected to a gas phase outlet, and the gas phase outlet is located at the top of the inner cavity of the distillation column body; a plurality of liquid distributors arranged longitudinally are installed in the inner cavity of the distillation column body, and the liquid distributors are all communicated with the heat exchange jacket cavity.

[0005] However, compared with the prior art and the comparison scheme, the following problems still exist in this distillation column during the preparation of 1,4-butanediol:

[0006] In the production process of 1,4-butanediol (such as the acetylene method or the maleic anhydride method), side reactions may occur to the raw materials (such as acetylene, formaldehyde, maleic anhydride, etc.) under high temperature, high pressure or the action of a catalyst, generating tar substances with high boiling points and high viscosities (acetylene aldehyde method: when acetylene reacts with formaldehyde to produce BDO, tar impurities such as polymers and polyhydroxy compounds may be generated; maleic anhydride method: during the hydrogenation of maleic anhydride, over-hydrogenation or side reactions may produce tar). The generated tar substances are usually dark and viscous mixtures, containing polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, macromolecular polymers, etc. Moreover, since the boiling point of the tar substances is much higher than that of 1,4-butanediol (the boiling point of 1,4-butanediol is about 230 °C, and the boiling point of the tar substances is usually greater than 300 °C), the generated tar substances are likely to deposit and adhere or even block at the gas-liquid interaction holes on the trays in the distillation column, affecting the flow interaction between the gas phase and the liquid phase in the column, requiring frequent shutdowns for cleaning, resulting in reduced production efficiency. At the same time, when the tar substances coexist with 1,4-butanediol for a long time, an azeotrope may be formed, leading to a decrease in the purity of the 1,4-butanediol product prepared in the production. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The purpose of the present utility model is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art, solve the problems mentioned in the background art, and provide a distillation column for the preparation of 1,4-butanediol.

[0008] The purpose of the present utility model is achieved through the following technical solutions: A distillation column for the preparation of 1,4-butanediol, including a column body, and a plurality of partition mechanisms are arranged inside the column body and are distributed in an interlaced manner;

[0009] The partition mechanism includes a first connecting plate, a triggering component is arranged on the first connecting plate, and a second connecting plate is slidably connected to the first connecting plate;

[0010] A connecting ring is fixedly connected to the outside of the first connecting plate, a liquid phase baffle is fixedly connected to the top of one side of the first connecting plate, a gas phase baffle is fixedly connected to the bottom of the first connecting plate close to the liquid phase baffle, a storage groove is formed between the gas phase baffle and the liquid phase baffle, and gas-liquid interaction holes and a chute are formed on the first connecting plate;

[0011] The triggering component includes a first connecting shaft, a blade is fixedly connected to the first connecting shaft, first helical gears are fixedly connected to both ends of the first connecting shaft, the first helical gears are engaged with second helical gears, a second connecting shaft is fixedly connected to the second helical gears axially, and an eccentric wheel is fixedly connected to the second connecting shaft;

[0012] Sliding plates are fixedly connected to both sides of the second connecting plate, a contact plate is fixedly connected to the end of the sliding plate away from the second connecting plate, a dredging block is fixedly connected to the bottom of the second connecting plate, and an elastic member is arranged at the bottom of the second connecting plate.

[0013] Preferably, a residual liquid discharge pipe and a gas-phase inlet pipe are fixedly connected to the bottom of the tower body, a liquid-phase feed pipe is fixedly connected to the middle of the tower body, and a gas-phase discharge pipe and a liquid-phase reflux pipe are fixedly connected to the top of the tower body.

[0014] Preferably, the first connecting plate is fixedly connected to the inside of the tower body through a connecting ring.

[0015] Preferably, the first connecting shaft is rotatably connected to the inside of the receiving groove, and the number of blades is multiple, which are circumferentially and arrayedly distributed on the first connecting shaft.

[0016] Preferably, the second connecting shaft is rotatably connected to the connecting ring.

[0017] Preferably, the sliding plate is slidably connected to the first connecting plate through a sliding groove.

[0018] Preferably, the contact plate is in contact with the wheel surface of the eccentric wheel.

[0019] Preferably, the number of dredging blocks is the same as the number of gas-liquid interaction holes, and the positions of the dredging blocks correspond to the positions of the gas-liquid interaction holes.

[0020] Preferably, the elastic member is arranged between the second connecting plate and the first connecting plate.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the present utility model has the following beneficial effects:

[0022] During the use of the distillation tower for preparing 1,4-butanediol, when tar-like substances generated in the tower body deposit and adhere to or block the gas-liquid interaction holes, the gas-liquid interaction holes blocked by the tar-like substances can be dredged in time, avoiding the situation that the flow interaction between the gas phase and the liquid phase in the tower body is affected due to the blockage of the gas-liquid interaction holes. The gas-liquid interaction holes blocked by the tar-like substances can be dredged without stopping production, thereby improving the production efficiency. At the same time, the tar-like substances can be discharged in time, avoiding the formation of azeotropes due to the long-term coexistence of the tar-like substances and the target product 1,4-butanediol, thereby improving the purity of the 1,4-butanediol product prepared by production.

[0023] Parts not involved in the device are the same as those in the prior art or can be realized by using the prior art. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present utility model or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present utility model. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative efforts.

[0025] Figure 1 Schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of the present utility model;

[0026] Figure 2 Schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of the front view of the present utility model;

[0027] Figure 3 For the present utility model Figure 2 Enlarged schematic diagram of the structure at position A in the present utility model;

[0028] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the structure of the tower body of the present utility model;

[0029] Figure 5 Partial cross-sectional structure diagram of the first perspective of the partition mechanism of the present utility model;

[0030] Figure 6 For the present utility model Figure 5 Enlarged schematic diagram of the structure at position B in the present utility model;

[0031] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the structure of the second perspective of the partition mechanism of the present utility model;

[0032] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the structure of the first connecting plate of the present utility model;

[0033] Figure 9 Schematic diagram of the structure of the trigger assembly of the present utility model;

[0034] Figure 10 For the present utility model Figure 9 Enlarged schematic diagram of the structure at position C in the present utility model;

[0035] Figure 11 Schematic diagram of the structure of the second connecting plate of the present utility model.

[0036] In the figure: 1. Tower body; 101. Residual liquid discharge pipe; 102. Gas phase inlet pipe; 103. Liquid phase feed pipe; 104. Gas phase discharge pipe; 105. Liquid phase reflux pipe; 2. Partition mechanism; 21. First connecting plate; 211. Connecting ring; 212. Liquid phase baffle; 213. Gas phase baffle; 214. Storage groove; 215. Gas-liquid interaction hole; 216. Slide groove; 22. Trigger assembly; 221. First connecting shaft; 222. Blade; 223. First helical gear; 224. Second helical gear; 225. Second connecting shaft; 226. Eccentric wheel; 23. Second connecting plate; 231. Slide plate; 232. Contact plate; 233. Blocking clearance; 234. Elastic member. Detailed implementation manners

[0037] In the description of the present utility model, it should be noted that unless otherwise clearly specified and defined, the terms "installation", "connection", and "coupling" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be the communication inside two components. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present utility model can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0038] Additional aspects and advantages of the present utility model will be further given in the following description in conjunction with the drawings, and some will become obvious from the following description or be understood through the practice of the present utility model.

[0039] As Figure 1 and Figure 2 shown, a distillation column for the preparation of 1,4-butanediol includes a column body 1, and a plurality of partition mechanisms 2 are arranged inside the column body 1 and are distributed in an alternating manner;

[0040] As Figure 4 shown, a residue discharge pipe 101 and a gas-phase inlet pipe 102 are fixedly connected to the bottom of the column body 1, a liquid-phase feed pipe 103 is fixedly connected to the middle of the column body 1, and a gas-phase discharge pipe 104 and a liquid-phase reflux pipe 105 are fixedly connected to the top of the column body 1;

[0041] As Figure 3 , Figure 5 and Figure 7 shown, the partition mechanism 2 includes a first connecting plate 21, a triggering assembly 22, and a second connecting plate 23. The triggering assembly 22 is arranged on the first connecting plate 21, and the second connecting plate 23 is slidably connected to the first connecting plate 21;

[0042] As Figure 3 , Figure 6 and Figure 8 shown, a connecting ring 211 is fixedly connected to the outside of the first connecting plate 21. The first connecting plate 21 is fixedly connected to the inside of the column body 1 through the connecting ring 211. A liquid-phase baffle 212 is fixedly connected to the top of one side of the first connecting plate 21, and a gas-phase baffle 213 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the first connecting plate 21 close to the liquid-phase baffle 212. A storage groove 214 is formed between the gas-phase baffle 213 and the liquid-phase baffle 212. A gas-liquid interaction hole 215 and a chute 216 are formed on the first connecting plate 21;

[0043] As Figure 3 , Figure 6 , Figure 9 and Figure 10As shown, the triggering component 22 includes a first connecting shaft 221, vanes 222, a first helical gear 223, a second helical gear 224, a second connecting shaft 225, and an eccentric wheel 226. The first connecting shaft 221 is rotatably connected inside the receiving groove 214. A vane 222 is fixedly connected to the first connecting shaft 221. The number of vanes 222 is multiple, and they are circumferentially arrayed on the first connecting shaft 221. The vanes 222 protrude from the receiving groove 214. Both ends of the first connecting shaft 221 are fixedly connected with a first helical gear 223. The first helical gear 223 meshes with a second helical gear 224. The second helical gear 224 is axially fixedly connected with a second connecting shaft 225. The second connecting shaft 225 is rotatably connected to the connecting ring 211. An eccentric wheel 226 is fixedly connected to the second connecting shaft 225;

[0044] As Figure 6 and Figure 11 shown, sliding plates 231 are fixedly connected to both sides of the second connecting plate 23. The sliding plates 231 are slidably connected to the first connecting plate 21 through the sliding grooves 216. A contact plate 232 is fixedly connected to the end of the sliding plate 231 away from the second connecting plate 23. The contact plate 232 is in contact with the wheel surface of the eccentric wheel 226. A dredging block 233 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the second connecting plate 23. The number of dredging blocks 233 is the same as the number of gas-liquid interaction holes 215. The position of the dredging block 233 corresponds to the position of the gas-liquid interaction hole 215. An elastic member 234 is provided at the bottom of the second connecting plate 23. The elastic member 234 is provided between the second connecting plate 23 and the first connecting plate 21.

[0045] The working process is as follows:

[0046] S1. During use, the raw material liquid enters the tower body 1 from the liquid-phase feed pipe 103, and the steam enters the tower body 1 from the gas-phase inlet pipe 102. The raw material liquid flows downward along the separation mechanism 2 that is alternately distributed in the tower body 1. The steam flows upward through the gas-liquid interaction holes 215 on the first connecting plate 21. The target product distilled by interacting with the raw material liquid flows upward together with the steam and is discharged from the gas-phase discharge pipe 104. The condensed target product is collected, and the excess condensed raw material liquid flows back to the tower body 1 through the liquid-phase return pipe 105 for distillation again (this step is the prior art);

[0047] S2. When the tar-like substances generated in the tower body 1 deposit and adhere to or block the gas-liquid interaction holes 215, the raw material liquid can no longer flow downward from the gas-liquid interaction holes 215 and accumulates on the first connecting plate 21;

[0048] S3. When the liquid level of the raw material liquid on the first connecting plate 21 is higher than the liquid-phase baffle 212, the raw material liquid flows downward along the liquid-phase baffle 212 and the gas-phase baffle 213;

[0049] S4. The flowing raw material liquid drives the first connecting shaft 221 to rotate through the blade 222. The first connecting shaft 221 drives the second helical gear 224 to rotate through the first helical gear 223. The second helical gear 224 drives the eccentric wheel 226 to rotate through the second connecting shaft 225. During the rotation of the eccentric wheel 226, the contact plate 232 is pushed downward. The contact plate 232 drives the second connecting plate 23 to move downward through the sliding plate 231. The elastic member 234 contracts, and the dredging block 233 is inserted into the gas-liquid interaction hole 215 to dredge the gas-liquid interaction hole 215 blocked by tar substances, avoiding the situation that the flow interaction between the gas phase and the liquid phase in the tower body 1 is affected due to the blockage of the gas-liquid interaction hole 215. The gas-liquid interaction hole 215 blocked by tar substances can be dredged without stopping production, thus improving the production efficiency.

[0050] S5. After the blocked gas-liquid interaction hole 215 is dredged, with the rotation of the eccentric wheel 226, the elastic member 234 rebounds, and the second connecting plate 23 resets, driving the dredging block 233 to be withdrawn from the gas-liquid interaction hole 215. The tar substances pushed down by the dredging block 233 flow downward along the raw material liquid and are discharged from the residual liquid discharge pipe 101, avoiding the formation of an azeotrope due to the long-term coexistence of tar substances and the target product 1,4-butanediol, thereby improving the purity of the 1,4-butanediol product prepared by production.

[0051] The above shows and describes the basic principles, main features and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art of this industry should understand that the present invention is not limited by the above embodiments. What is described in the above embodiments and the specification only illustrates the principle of the present invention. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention will have various changes and improvements, and these changes and improvements all fall within the scope of the present invention claimed.

Claims

1. A distillation column for the preparation of 1,4-butanediol, characterized in that: It includes a tower body (1), and a plurality of partition mechanisms (2) are arranged inside the tower body (1) and are distributed in a staggered manner; The partition mechanism (2) includes a first connecting plate (21), a triggering component (22) is arranged on the first connecting plate (21), and a second connecting plate (23) is slidably connected to the first connecting plate (21); A connecting ring (211) is fixedly connected to the outside of the first connecting plate (21), a liquid-phase baffle (212) is fixedly connected to the top of one side of the first connecting plate (21), a gas-phase baffle (213) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the first connecting plate (21) close to the liquid-phase baffle (212), a storage groove (214) is formed between the gas-phase baffle (213) and the liquid-phase baffle (212), and a gas-liquid interaction hole (215) and a chute (216) are formed in the first connecting plate (21); The triggering component (22) includes a first connecting shaft (221), a blade (222) is fixedly connected to the first connecting shaft (221), first helical gears (223) are fixedly connected to both ends of the first connecting shaft (221), the first helical gears (223) are engaged with second helical gears (224), a second connecting shaft (225) is fixedly connected to the second helical gears (224) in the axial direction, and an eccentric wheel (226) is fixedly connected to the second connecting shaft (225); Sliding plates (231) are fixedly connected to both sides of the second connecting plate (23), a contact plate (232) is fixedly connected to one end of the sliding plate (231) away from the second connecting plate (23), a dredging block (233) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the second connecting plate (23), and an elastic member (234) is arranged at the bottom of the second connecting plate (23).

2. The distillation column for preparing 1,4-butanediol according to claim 1, wherein: A residual liquid discharge pipe (101) and a gas-phase inlet pipe (102) are fixedly connected to the bottom of the tower body (1), a liquid-phase feed pipe (103) is fixedly connected to the middle of the tower body (1), and a gas-phase discharge pipe (104) and a liquid-phase reflux pipe (105) are fixedly connected to the top of the tower body (1).

3. The distillation column for preparing 1,4-butanediol according to claim 1, wherein: The first connecting plate (21) is fixedly connected to the inside of the tower body (1) through the connecting ring (211).

4. A distillation column for preparing 1,4-butanediol according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first connecting shaft (221) is rotatably connected to the inside of the storage groove (214), and the number of the blades (222) is multiple and is distributed in a circumferential array on the first connecting shaft (221).

5. A distillation column for the preparation of 1,4-butanediol according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second connecting shaft (225) is rotatably connected to the connecting ring (211).

6. The distillation column for preparing 1,4-butanediol according to claim 1, wherein: The sliding plate (231) is slidably connected to the first connecting plate (21) through the chute (216).

7. The distillation column for preparing 1,4-butanediol according to claim 1, characterized in that: The contact plate (232) is in contact with the wheel surface of the eccentric wheel (226).

8. A distillation column for the preparation of 1,4-butanediol according to claim 1, characterized in that: The number of the dredging blocks (233) is the same as the number of the gas-liquid interaction holes (215), and the positions of the dredging blocks (233) correspond to the positions of the gas-liquid interaction holes (215).

9. A distillation column for the preparation of 1,4-butanediol according to claim 1, characterized in that: The elastic member (234) is arranged between the second connecting plate (23) and the first connecting plate (21).

Images