Mushroom residue rapid processor and fermentation system
By designing a quick processing machine for mushroom slag, the automatic crushing and fermentation of mushroom slag is achieved, which solves the problems of high manual operation costs and environmental pollution, and improves fermentation efficiency and quality control.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202422011362.2
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-08-19
- Publication Date
- 2025-07-18
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-08-19
AI Technical Summary
The existing mushroom residue treatment and fermentation method requires a lot of labor and time, resulting in high production costs, difficult to control the fermentation quality, and serious environmental pollution.
A quick processing machine for mushroom slags is designed, including crushing tools and fermentation tanks. Through automated crushing, screening and fermentation processes, the automatic processing and uniform mixing of mushroom slags is achieved, and the fermentation volume and spreading piles are used to reduce manual operations.
It reduces the cost of manual crushing and transportation, ensures consistency in fermentation quality, avoids environmental pollution, and improves fermentation efficiency and labor utilization.
Smart Images
Figure CN223112926U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field, in particular to a rapid processing machine for mushroom residue and a fermentation system. Background Art
[0002] As an additive for crop substrates, mushroom residue can increase the organic matter content of the substrate, loosen the substrate, increase the air permeability of the substrate, improve the fertility of the substrate, and thus increase crop yields. However, mushroom residue generally grows underground and is cylindrical in shape after being dug out. It needs to be ground manually before fermentation.
[0003] In the current mushroom processing and fermentation methods, after the mushroom residue is broken by a crusher, it needs to be sieved to make the mushroom residue particles reach a certain size, so that it can be fermented and transformed thoroughly within a certain period to ensure the uniformity of the quality of the fermentation product. After sieving, the mushroom residue is transferred into a fermentation tank or a fermentation barrel by manual pushing a trolley, which requires secondary transportation, wasting labor. The smell of the mushroom residue during transportation will cause environmental pollution around, and the surrounding environment will also contaminate the mushroom residue, making the fermentation quality uncontrollable. After pouring, the material is piled up in a conical shape, and it is necessary to manually use a drag to spread out the mushroom residue pile, wasting manpower.
[0004] Therefore, in the prior art, whether in laboratory tests or production, the crushing of mushroom residue requires a large amount of labor and time, which greatly increases the production cost. Summary of the Utility Model
[0005] To overcome the above deficiencies, the purpose of the utility model is to provide a rapid processing machine for mushroom residue and a fermentation system.
[0006] The technical solution adopted by the utility model to solve its technical problems is: a rapid processing machine for mushroom residue, including a housing and a crushing tool. A rotating shaft is arranged inside the housing. After both ends of the rotating shaft are assembled on the front side and the rear side of the housing through bearings, a driven wheel is arranged at one end of the bearing. A transmission belt is sleeved outside the driven wheel and the driving wheel, and the driving wheel is assembled on a crushing motor. A feeding mechanism is arranged at the front end of the housing. A water inlet pipe is arranged on the housing. A storage bin is arranged below the housing. A discharge port is arranged at the bottom of the storage bin. A discharge door is arranged at the discharge port, and the discharge door is connected to the end of the telescopic rod of a first automatic push rod. A telescopic pipe is arranged below the discharge port, and a drooping ring is arranged at the lower end of the telescopic pipe.
[0007] Specifically, a ventilation cylinder is arranged on the housing, and a filter screen is arranged inside the ventilation cylinder.
[0008] Specifically, an observation port is arranged on the housing, an observation door is arranged on the observation port, and the water inlet pipe is arranged on the observation door.
[0009] Specifically, the crushing tool includes a tool body and a sleeve. A plurality of tool bodies are evenly arranged outside the sleeve, and the sleeve is detachably installed on the rotating shaft.
[0010] Specifically, the feeding mechanism includes a feed bin and a feed pipe. Two inclined feed pipes are provided below the feed bin.
[0011] Specifically, a screen is also provided inside the housing. The screen is conical in shape. The wide-diameter end of the screen is located at the feeding mechanism, and the tail of the feed pipe of the feeding mechanism is located inside the screen. Baffles are provided on both the front side and the rear side of the screen. A discharging mechanism is provided on one side of the housing opposite to the feeding mechanism.
[0012] Specifically, an outward-turned edge is provided outside the lower side of the discharge port, and a magnetic material or a magnetic block is used on the drooping head ring.
[0013] Specifically, a slag cleaning port is provided on the outer wall of the housing, and a slag cleaning door is installed at the slag cleaning port.
[0014] Specifically, the front side of the housing is fixed to the front vertical plate, and the rear side of the housing is fixed to the rear vertical plate. The front vertical plate and the rear vertical plate are fixed to the chassis. Support feet are respectively provided below the four corners of the chassis.
[0015] Specifically, screw-lifting feet and rollers are respectively provided below the four corners of the chassis.
[0016] A rapid processing machine and fermentation system for mushroom residue, including the above-mentioned processing machine, further includes a fermentation tank. The fermentation tank is located below the processing machine. A top cover is provided above the fermentation tank. An inlet is provided on the top cover. A sliding door is provided at the inlet. One end of the sliding door is connected to the end of the telescopic rod of the second automatic push rod. A vertical connecting frame is provided below the sliding door. A horizontal connecting frame is provided below the vertical connecting frame. A plurality of dial rods are provided below the horizontal connecting frame.
[0017] Specifically, a horizontal plate is provided above or below one side of the inlet of the top cover. A vertical plate is provided between the horizontal plate and the top cover to form an equipment bin. The side of the equipment bin facing the inlet is open. The second automatic push rod is installed in the equipment bin.
[0018] Specifically, a sealing plate is provided between the sliding door and the telescopic rod of the second automatic push rod. The sealing plate is located in the equipment bin and contacts the inner wall of the equipment bin.
[0019] The beneficial effects of the present utility model are as follows: The processor in this application can reduce the labor and time costs of manually crushing mushroom residues; auxiliary materials such as biochar can be added, and while crushing the mushroom blocks, they can be evenly mixed; the sizes of the mushroom residues after passing through the sieve are uniform, which is conducive to controlling the fermentation time and avoiding the situation of incomplete fermentation; by closing the switch of the discharge door, the amount of mushroom residues entering the fermentation tank can be controlled, so that the mushroom residues and fermentation microorganisms (EM bacteria) are mixed and fermented in the most appropriate proportion; the stirring rod above the fermentation tank can also spread out the mushroom residue pile, saving labor. Brief Description of the Drawings
[0020] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of Embodiment 1 of the present utility model.
[0021] Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram of another direction of Embodiment 1 of the present utility model.
[0022] Figure 3 It is a schematic structural diagram of the processor of Embodiment 1 of the present utility model.
[0023] Figure 4 It is a schematic structural diagram of the feeding mechanism of Embodiment 1 of the present utility model.
[0024] Figure 5 It is a schematic structural diagram when the discharge port of Embodiment 2 of the present utility model is connected to the notch of the fermentation tank.
[0025] Figure 6 It is a schematic structural diagram of another embodiment of Embodiment 3 of the present utility model.
[0026] In the figure, 1 is the housing, 101 is the front vertical plate, 102 is the rear vertical plate, 103 is the observation door, 104 is the water inlet pipe, 105 is the storage bin, 2 is the feeding mechanism, 201 is the bin, 202 is the feeding pipe, 3 is the air outlet cylinder, 301 is the filter screen, 4 is the discharging mechanism, 5 is the slag cleaning door, 6 is the chassis, 601 is the support foot, 602 is the lifting support foot, 603 is the roller, 7 is the discharge port, 701 is the telescopic pipe, 702 is the hanging ring, 703 is the discharge door, 704 is the first automatic push rod, 8 is the fermentation tank, 9 is the rotating shaft, 901 is the driven wheel, 902 is the driving wheel, 903 is the crushing motor, 10 is the sieve, 11 is the crushing tool, 1101 is the tool body. Detailed Description of the Specific Embodiment
[0027] Now, the present utility model will be further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
[0028] Embodiment 1
[0029] As Figure 1 、 2, a mushroom residue rapid processor shown in Figures 3 and 4, includes a housing 1 and a crushing cutter 11. A rotating shaft 9 is inserted into the housing 1. After both ends of the rotating shaft 9 are assembled to the front side and the rear side of the housing 1 through bearings, one end of the bearing 9 is provided with a driven wheel 901. A transmission belt 9 is sleeved outside the driven wheel 901 and the driving wheel 902. The driving wheel 902 is assembled on a crushing motor 903. A feeding mechanism 2 is provided at the front end of the housing 1. A water inlet pipe 104 is provided on the housing 1. A storage bin 105 is provided below the housing 1. The storage bin 105 is conical. A discharge port 7 is provided at the bottom of the storage bin 105. A discharge door 703 is provided at the discharge port 7. The discharge door 703 is connected to the end of the telescopic rod of a first automatic push rod 702. The first automatic push rod 703 is pushed and pulled by a hydraulic push rod or an electric push rod to realize opening and closing. A telescopic pipe 701 is provided below the discharge port 7. A drooping ring 702 is provided at the lower end of the telescopic pipe 701.
[0030] Specifically, a ventilation cylinder 3 is provided on the housing 1. A filter screen 301 is provided inside the ventilation cylinder 3 for filtering mushroom fine powder to make the discharged gas clean.
[0031] Specifically, an observation port is provided on the housing 1. An observation door 103 is provided on the observation port. The water inlet pipe 104 is provided on the observation door 103. In this way, the grinding situation inside the housing can be observed regularly, and it is also used for adding water for blending and adjusting the spraying direction of the end of the water inlet pipe 104.
[0032] Specifically, the crushing cutter 11 includes a cutter body 1101 and a sleeve 1102. A plurality of cutter bodies 1101 are evenly provided outside the sleeve 1102. The sleeve 1102 is detachably installed on the rotating shaft, which is convenient for replacing the crushing cutter 11.
[0033] Specifically, the feeding mechanism 2 includes a feed bin 201 and a feed pipe 202. Two inclined feed pipes 202 are provided below the feed bin 201. A gap is provided between the feed pipes 202 for avoiding the rotating shaft 9 and feeding from both sides of the rotating shaft 9, so that the feeding is dispersed and uniform, and accumulation and blockage are avoided.
[0034] Specifically, a screen 10 is further provided inside the housing 1. The screen 10 is arranged in a polyhedral cone or a conical shape. The wide-diameter end of the screen 10 is located at the feeding mechanism 2, and the tail of the feeding pipe 202 of the feeding mechanism 2 is located inside the screen 10. Baffles 1001 are provided on both the front side and the rear side of the screen 10. A discharging mechanism 4 is provided on one side of the housing 1 opposite to the feeding mechanism. The discharging port of the discharging mechanism 4 is located at the baffle 1001 at the narrow-diameter end of the screen 10, at its lowest position. The feeding pipe 202 of the feeding mechanism 2 introduces the mushroom material blocks into the screen 10, and then they are rotated and crushed by the crushing tool 11. The materials that meet the particle size pass through the screen 10 and fall into the storage bin 105. When the particle size of the crushed materials is larger than the screen holes, they move backward under the action of gravity, enter the discharging mechanism 4 through the discharging port, and are discharged. This can ensure that the particle size of the mushroom residue meets the requirements and improve the fermentation quality.
[0035] Specifically, an outward-turning edge is provided outside the lower side of the discharging port 7. The hanging head ring 702 is made of a magnetic material or is provided with magnetic blocks, so that when moving the processor, the hanging head ring 702 can be adsorbed on the outward-turning edge outside the discharging port, which is convenient for storage and use.
[0036] Specifically, a slag cleaning port is provided on the outer wall of the housing 1, and a slag cleaning door 5 is installed at the slag cleaning port for cleaning the screen holes of the screen 10 to avoid blockage.
[0037] Specifically, the front side of the housing 1 is fixed on the front vertical plate 101, and the rear side of the housing 1 is fixed on the rear vertical plate 102. The front vertical plate 101 and the rear vertical plate 102 are fixed on the chassis 6. Support feet 691 are respectively provided below the four corners of the chassis 6. The height of the support feet 601 can pass through a common forklift, which is convenient for lifting and moving the processor. Due to the limitation of the fermentation process, generally, workers dig a fermentation tank 8 of a suitable size. When the amount of mushroom residue in the fermentation tank 8 reaches the upper limit, it is sealed for fermentation. After fermentation, the fermentation product is taken out. The front and rear cycle is long. The processor can move from above the fermentation tank 8 just filled with mushroom residue to the next fermentation tank 8, discharge the excess mushroom residue in the storage bin 105 into the next fermentation tank 8, or continue to process the mushroom blocks and then discharge them into the corresponding fermentation tank 8.
[0038] Example 2
[0039] As Figure 5A mushroom residue rapid processor and fermentation system shown in the figure, including the above-mentioned processor, further includes a fermentation tank 8. The fermentation tank 8 can be a prefabricated box container or a tank dug on the ground. Above the fermentation tank 8 is provided with a top cover 801. There is an entrance on the top cover 801, and a sliding door 802 is provided at the entrance. One end of the sliding door 802 is connected to the end of the telescopic rod of the second automatic push rod 804. The second automatic push rod 804 uses a hydraulic push rod or an electric push rod to control the opening and closing of the sliding door 802. Below the sliding door 802 is provided with a vertical connecting frame 807. Below the vertical connecting frame 807 is provided with a horizontal connecting frame 808. Below the horizontal connecting frame 808 are provided a plurality of dial rods 809 for spreading the piled-up mushroom residues flat.
[0040] Specifically, a cross plate 806 is provided above or below the top cover 801 on one side of the entrance. A vertical plate is provided between the cross plate 806 and the top cover 801 to form an equipment bin 803. The side of the equipment bin 803 facing the entrance is open. The width of the equipment bin 803 is preferably such that it can accommodate the sliding door 802. The second automatic push rod 804 is installed in the equipment bin 803. The sliding door 802 can enter the equipment bin 803 under the push and pull of the second automatic push rod 804 to open the entrance for feeding mushroom residues and discharging the products after fermentation.
[0041] Specifically, a sealing plate 805 is provided between the sliding door 802 and the telescopic rod of the second automatic push rod 804. The sealing plate 805 is made of rubber material and is located in the equipment bin 803 and contacts the inner wall of the equipment bin 803, which can prevent the substances generated by fermentation from entering the equipment bin 803 to a certain extent.
[0042] Specifically, in order to avoid the top cover 801 or the cross plate 806 of the equipment bin 803, the vertical connecting frame 807 is located on the side of the lower surface of the sliding door 802 away from the second push rod 804, and the horizontal connecting frame 802 is located below the lowest position of the top cover 801 or the cross plate 804. The sliding door 802 can drive the lower dial rods 809 to spread the material pile.
[0043] Its working mode is as follows:
[0044] I. Directly crush and discharge into the fermentation tank
[0045] First, dock the telescopic tube 701 with the entrance of the fermentation tank 8, and the vertical ring 702 is used to apply gravity, which will not be easily blown or shaken, so that the crushed mushroom residue can smoothly enter the fermentation tank 8 without being mixed with other impurities; the discharge door 703 of the processor is opened, the sliding door 802 of the fermentation tank 8 is opened, and the material is put into the silo 202 of the feeding mechanism 2, and the crushing motor 903 is started. Under the action of gravity, it automatically enters the screen 10 downward. The crushing motor 903 drives the crushing tool 11 to rotate, and the mushroom blocks are crushed into mushroom residues. After crushing, the mushroom residues smaller than the sieve holes are sieved and directly enter the fermentation tank 8 through the storage bin 105 and the discharge port 7. The operator evaluates the situation and, after reaching the set amount, turns off the processor, starts the second automatic push rod 804, and closes the sliding door 802. The lever of the sliding door 802 spreads the material pile and closes the fermentation.
[0046] Second, if enough mushroom residue has been stored in the fermentation tank 8, but there are many mushroom lumps, and other fermentation tanks have not been cleared out, the pre-treatment work such as crushing can be continued after closing the discharge door 703 and the sliding door 802, and the crushed mushroom residue is stored in the storage bin 105 of the processing machine. After the fermentation is completed and the fermentation tank 8 is cleared out, the mushroom residue is directly discharged into the corresponding fermentation tank 8, or moved to the next fermentation tank 8 that can be used to discharge the mushroom residue.
[0047] Example 3
[0048] like Figure 6 The mushroom residue rapid processing machine shown includes a shell 1 and a crushing tool 11. The front side of the shell 1 is fixed on a front vertical plate 101, and the rear side of the shell 1 is fixed on a rear vertical plate 102. The front vertical plate 101 and the rear vertical plate 102 are fixed on a base frame 6. Screw lifting feet 602 and rollers 603 are respectively provided under the four corners of the base frame 6. When it is necessary to move, the lifting feet 602 can be directly lifted and pushed to a suitable position, and then the lifting feet 602 can be rotated and lowered to prop up the processing machine, which is convenient for small projects. When there is no forklift, the processing machine can be made into a small device for easy use.
[0049] In the present application, it has been proved through experiments that the particle size of the crushed mushroom residue is ≤1mm, and the pH is ≤6.5, which is an ideal matrix additive material. The EC (electrical conductivity) value of the biochar matrix to which the mushroom residue is finally added is within the range of 1-2DS / m, and the pH is ≤7. Biochar is added before the mushroom residue is crushed, and then enters the processing machine together. While the mushroom residue is crushed by the equipment, the biochar is mixed with the mushroom residue and fermented together in the fermentation tank. It can be used as a matrix additive to improve the structure, and can also be used as a bacterial fertilizer. Since the added biochar has an adsorption effect, the mushroom residue in the fermentation tank will not produce odor or earthy smell after fermentation, which has a good environmental protection effect.
[0050] The present utility model is not limited to the described embodiments. Any person should be aware that structural changes made under the inspiration of the present utility model, as long as the technical solutions are the same as or similar to those of the present utility model, fall within the protection scope of the present utility model.
[0051] The technologies, shapes, and structures not described in detail in the present utility model are all well-known technologies.
Claims
1. A rapid processing machine for mushroom residues, comprising a housing and a crushing cutter. A rotating shaft is disposed through the housing. After both ends of the rotating shaft are assembled to the front side and the rear side of the housing through bearings, one end of each bearing is provided with a driven wheel, and a transmission belt is sleeved outside the driven wheel and the driving wheel. The driving wheel is assembled on a crushing motor. It is characterized in that: A feeding mechanism is provided at the front end of the housing. A water inlet pipe is provided on the housing. A storage bin is provided below the housing. A discharge port is provided at the bottom of the storage bin. A discharge door is provided at the discharge port. The discharge door is connected to the end of the telescopic rod of the first automatic push rod. A telescopic pipe is provided below the discharge port. A hanging head ring is provided at the lower end of the telescopic pipe.
2. The rapid processor for mushroom residue according to claim 1, wherein: A ventilation cylinder is provided on the housing. A filter screen is provided inside the ventilation cylinder.
3. A rapid processor for mushroom residue according to claim 1, characterized in that: An observation port is provided on the housing. An observation door is provided on the observation port. The water inlet pipe is provided on the observation door. A slag cleaning port is provided on the outer wall of the housing. A slag cleaning door is installed at the slag cleaning port.
4. A mushroom residue rapid processor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The crushing tool includes a tool body and a sleeve. A plurality of tool bodies are evenly provided outside the sleeve. The sleeve is detachably installed on the rotating shaft.
5. A rapid processor for mushroom residue according to claim 1, wherein: The feeding mechanism includes a feed bin and a feed pipe. Two inclined feed pipes are provided below the feed bin.
6. The rapid processor for mushroom residue according to claim 1, wherein: A screen is further provided inside the housing. The screen is arranged in a conical shape. The wide-diameter end of the screen is located at the feeding mechanism. The tail of the feed pipe of the feeding mechanism is located inside the screen. Baffles are provided on the front side and the rear side of the screen. A discharge mechanism is provided on one side of the housing opposite to the feeding mechanism.
7. A rapid processor for mushroom residue according to claim 1, wherein: An outward turning edge is provided outside the lower side of the discharge port. The hanging head ring is made of a magnetic material or is provided with magnetic blocks.
8. A rapid processing machine for mushroom residues according to claim 1, characterized in that: The front side of the housing is fixed to the front vertical plate. The rear side of the housing is fixed to the rear vertical plate. The front vertical plate and the rear vertical plate are fixed to the bottom frame. Support feet are respectively provided below the four corners of the bottom frame, or screw lifting support feet and rollers are respectively provided below the four corners of the bottom frame.
9. A mushroom residue fermentation system, characterized in that: It includes any one of the processors described in Claims 1 to 8, and further includes a fermentation tank. A top cover is provided above the fermentation tank. An inlet is provided on the top cover. A sliding door is provided at the inlet. One end of the sliding door is connected to the end of the telescopic rod of the second automatic push rod. A vertical connecting frame is provided below the sliding door. A horizontal connecting frame is provided below the vertical connecting frame. A plurality of stirring rods are provided below the horizontal connecting frame.
10. The mushroom residue fermentation system according to claim 9, characterized in that: A horizontal plate is provided above or below one side of the inlet of the top cover. A vertical plate is provided between the horizontal plate and the top cover to form an equipment bin. The side of the equipment bin facing the inlet is an opening. The second automatic push rod is installed inside the equipment bin. A sealing plate is provided between the sliding door and the telescopic rod of the second automatic push rod. The sealing plate is located inside the equipment bin and contacts the inner wall of the equipment bin.