Automatic molding sand mold positioning structure
Through the combined structure of guide pin and positioning pin, the problem of dimensional deviation during sand positioning is solved, high-precision positioning is achieved, and the service life of positioning pins is extended, and casting efficiency and product quality are improved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202421408242.X
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-06-19
- Publication Date
- 2025-07-18
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-06-19
AI Technical Summary
In the existing casting technology, there are deviations in the positioning process of sand molds and sand cores, resulting in inconsistent product dimensional accuracy and affecting assembly and service life.
The combined structure of guide pin and positioning pin is adopted. The guide pin is a rotary body. The positioning pin has multiple sets of positioning surfaces of the same size. The guide hole and positioning hole are designed in a non-rotating form to ensure the reference uniformity of the upper and lower sand boxes, and allow the positioning pin to be adjusted to other sets of positioning surfaces after wear.
It improves the positioning accuracy of the sand box, reduces dimensional differences, extends the service life of the positioning pins, and improves manufacturing efficiency and product quality.
Smart Images
Figure CN223114113U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of casting, in particular to a sand mold positioning structure for automatic forming. Background Art
[0002] The blank of a 6-cylinder cylinder block is processed by a machining center with the center of the 3 / 4 cylinders positioned in the length direction and the center of the 2 / 5 cylinders positioned in the width direction. However, when preparing the blank, it consists of multiple sand cores and sand molds. The sand cores play a positioning role, and the sand molds form the left and right side structures of the cylinder block. Most of the assembly bosses on the left and right sides need to drill threaded holes for installation. If there is a large deviation between the sand cores and the sand molds, it will seriously affect the dimensional accuracy of the product and cause problems such as assembly interference.
[0003] There are certain limitations in the positioning process of the sand box for manufacturing casting sand molds and sand cores in the prior art. For example: ① For universality, the positioning pins / holes are distributed on different sides. If the positioning pins / holes of the lower sand box are on the right side, then the right side is the coordinate 0 point and extends to the left in sequence; if the positioning pins / holes of the upper sand box are on the left side, then the left side is the coordinate 0 point and extends to the right in sequence. In this way, there will be a deviation in the left-right direction between the centers of the upper and lower sand boxes, resulting in inconsistent centers of the left and right sides of the casting and thus dimensional differences. ② The round positioning pins are worn during long-term use and can only be replaced, with a short service life. These limitations restrict the improvement of manufacturing efficiency and product quality. Summary of the Utility Model
[0004] Aiming at the deficiencies of the prior art, the purpose of the embodiments of the present utility model is to provide a sand mold positioning structure for automatic forming to improve the positioning accuracy of the sand box and extend the service life.
[0005] To achieve the above purpose, the embodiments of the present utility model provide the following technical solutions:
[0006] A sand mold positioning structure for automatic forming is used to position the upper sand box and the lower sand box. A guiding pin is arranged on the first side of the bottom surface of the upper sand box, and a positioning pin is arranged on the second side of the bottom surface. The guiding pin is a rotating body, and the positioning pin has multiple groups of positioning surfaces with the same size. Each group of positioning surfaces is symmetrically arranged on both sides of the positioning pin; on the side of the top surface of the lower sand box corresponding to the first side of the upper sand box, a guiding hole is arranged, and on the side corresponding to the second side of the upper sand box, a positioning hole is arranged. The first direction of the positioning hole is a positioning groove for cooperating with the positioning surface of the positioning pin, and the length in the second direction is greater than the length in the first direction.
[0007] Optionally, the guiding pin is inserted into the guiding hole. The guiding pin includes a cylindrical section and a conical section. One end of the cylindrical section is installed on the bottom surface of the upper sand box, and the large end of the conical section is connected to the other end of the cylindrical section.
[0008] Optionally, the positioning pin is inserted into the positioning hole. The positioning pin includes a positioning section and a conical section. One end of the positioning section is mounted on the bottom surface of the upper sand box, and the large end of the conical section is connected to the other end of the cylindrical section.
[0009] Optionally, the cross-section of the positioning section is a four-sided square, and the cross-section of the positioning hole is a keyway type, including two straight edges and two arc edges. The straight edges and the arc edges are arranged alternately. The distance between the two straight edges matches the width of the opposite sides of the four-sided square, and the distance between the two arc edges is greater than the distance between the two straight edges.
[0010] Optionally, the clearance between the guiding pin and the guiding hole is greater than the clearance between the positioning pin and the positioning hole.
[0011] Optionally, the bottom surface of the lower sand box is also provided with guiding holes and positioning holes. The guiding holes on the bottom surface of the lower sand box and the guiding holes on the top surface are on the same side of the lower sand box, and the positioning holes on the bottom surface of the lower sand box and the positioning holes on the top surface are on the same side of the lower sand box.
[0012] Optionally, the sand mold positioning structure is also used to position the upper sand box and the upper mold plate, and the lower sand box and the lower mold plate. The upper mold plate is provided with the same guiding holes and positioning holes as the lower sand box, and the lower mold plate is provided with the same guiding pins and positioning pins as the upper sand box.
[0013] Optionally, the top surface of the upper mold plate is a product mold plate, and the bottom surface is an exhaust plate. An exhaust channel is provided on the product mold plate, and exhaust holes are provided on the exhaust plate. The exhaust holes are communicated with the exhaust channel.
[0014] Optionally, upper guide sleeves are provided on both sides of the upper sand box, and lower guide sleeves are provided on both sides of the lower sand box. The upper guide sleeves and the lower guide sleeves are connected in series by a guiding rod.
[0015] Optionally, the upper guide sleeves on both sides of the upper sand box are symmetrically distributed along the center of the sand box and are respectively located on both sides of the guiding pin and the positioning pin. The lower guide sleeves on both sides of the lower sand box are symmetrically distributed along the center of the sand box and are respectively located on both sides of the guiding hole and the positioning hole.
[0016] One or more technical solutions provided in the embodiments of the present invention have at least the following technical effects or advantages:
[0017] In this positioning structure, the positioning pins and positioning holes for precise positioning are arranged on the same side of the upper sand box and the lower sand box. When the two are matched, the unity of the reference is ensured, so that the relative positions of the upper sand mold, the lower sand mold, and the sand core are within the allowable tolerance range, reducing the dimensional difference. Moreover, the cooperation between the positioning pin and the positioning hole adopts a non-rotary form. When a set of positioning surfaces are severely worn during long-term use of the positioning pin, it can be adjusted to other sets of positioning surfaces to continuously realize the positioning function, extending the service life of the positioning pin.
[0018] Advantages of additional aspects of the present utility model will be given in the following description, some of which will become obvious from the following description, or can be learned through the practice of the present utility model. Description of the Drawings
[0019] The accompanying drawings forming a part of this specification are used to provide a further understanding of the present utility model. The schematic embodiments and descriptions thereof of the present utility model are used to explain the present utility model and do not constitute an improper limitation to the present utility model.
[0020] Figure 1 are schematic diagrams of the upper sand box and the lower sand box provided by an embodiment of the present utility model;
[0021] Figure 2 are schematic diagrams of the upper sand box and the upper mold plate provided by an embodiment of the present utility model;
[0022] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the top surface of the upper mold plate provided by an embodiment of the present utility model;
[0023] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the bottom surface of the upper mold plate provided by an embodiment of the present utility model;
[0024] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the upper and lower sand boxes guided by guide rods provided by an embodiment of the present utility model;
[0025] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the relative positions of the guide rod and the positioning pin provided by an embodiment of the present utility model;
[0026] In the figures: 1, upper sand box; 11, upper guide sleeve; 12, guide pin; 13, positioning pin; 2, lower sand box; 21, lower guide sleeve; 22, guide hole; 23, positioning hole; 3, upper mold plate; 31, product mold plate; 32, exhaust passage; 33, exhaust plate; 4, guide rod.
[0027] The distances or dimensions between each part are exaggerated for showing the positions of each part, and the schematic diagrams are only for illustration. Detailed Description of the Embodiments
[0028] It should be noted that the following detailed descriptions are all exemplary and are intended to provide further explanations for the present utility model. Unless otherwise specified, all technical and scientific terms used in the present utility model have the same meanings as those commonly understood by those of ordinary skill in the technical field to which the present utility model belongs. In addition, it should also be understood that when the terms "comprising" and / or "including" are used in this specification, they indicate the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components, and / or combinations thereof.
[0029] Term Explanation:
[0030] Core: The material used to make the core in foundry production, which is composed of foundry sand, resin, triethylamine, etc.
[0031] Sand mold: A mold used in the casting process, mainly used to form the shape and size of the casting. The materials for making the sand mold usually include raw sand (such as quartz sand, silica sand, etc.), binders (such as clay, resin, etc.), and other auxiliary materials. These materials are mixed in a certain proportion to ensure that the sand mold has sufficient strength and permeability.
[0032] As Figure 1 As shown, in this embodiment, an automatic forming sand mold positioning structure is proposed. This structure is used to accurately position the upper sand box 1, the lower sand box 2, and the mold plate, etc. A guide pin 12 is provided on the first side of the bottom surface of the upper sand box 1, and a positioning pin 13 is provided on the second side. The guide pin 12 is designed as a rotating body to facilitate insertion into the guide hole 22 to achieve guiding and preliminary positioning. The positioning pin 13 has multiple groups of positioning surfaces of the same size, and these positioning surfaces are symmetrically arranged, providing a stable positioning effect in cooperation with the guide pin 12. Corresponding positions on the top surface of the lower sand box 2 are provided with a guide hole 22 and a positioning hole 23. Among them, the first direction of the positioning hole 23 is a positioning groove, which cooperates with the positioning surface of the positioning pin 13, and the length in the second direction is greater than the first direction.
[0033] In this positioning structure, the positioning pin 13 and the positioning hole 23 for accurate positioning are arranged on the same side of the upper sand box 1 and the lower sand box 2. When the two cooperate, the unity of the reference is ensured, so that the relative positions of the upper sand mold, the lower sand mold, and the core are within the allowable tolerance range, reducing the dimensional difference. Moreover, the cooperation between the positioning pin 13 and the positioning hole 23 adopts a non-rotating form. If a set of positioning surfaces of the positioning pin 13 is severely worn during long-term use, it can be adjusted to other sets of positioning surfaces to continuously realize the positioning function, extending the service life of the positioning pin 13.
[0034] As Figure 2 As shown, the guide pin 12 includes a cylindrical section and a conical section. The cylindrical section is installed on the bottom surface of the upper sand box 1, and the large end of the conical section is connected to the cylindrical section. This design helps the guide pin 12 to achieve self-positioning in the guide hole 22, complete the guiding function in the early stage of the movement of the upper sand box 1, and helps the smooth docking of the guide pin 12 during insertion, reducing wear.
[0035] As Figure 3 As shown, the positioning pin 13 includes a positioning section and a conical section. The positioning section is installed on the bottom surface of the upper sand box 1, and the large end of the conical section is connected to the positioning section, ensuring that the positioning pin 13 can be smoothly inserted into the positioning hole 23. The cross-section of the positioning section is a four-sided square (i.e., a square), and the cross-section of the positioning hole 23 is a keyway type (such as Figure 3As shown in the figure, it includes two straight edges and two arc edges. The straight edges match the width of the opposite sides of the four-sided square, ensuring accurate positioning. The distance between the arc edges is greater than that of the straight edges, providing a certain adjustment space to ensure smooth insertion and accurate positioning.
[0036] The clearance between the guide pin 12 and the guide hole 22 is greater than that between the positioning pin 13 and the positioning hole 23, ensuring that the guide pin 12 provides rough positioning and the positioning pin 13 provides fine positioning. After the guide pin 12 is inserted into the guide hole 22, the positioning plane touches the positioning hole 23, so that rough positioning can be achieved first and then fine positioning. This design allows for a certain margin of adjustment during the preliminary positioning stage, while achieving a higher-precision fit during the final positioning, thus ensuring the stability and accuracy of the entire forming process.
[0037] Guide holes 22 and positioning holes 23 are also provided on the bottom surface of the lower sand box 2, corresponding to the upper sand box 1 respectively. The guide holes 22 on the bottom surface of the lower sand box 2 and those on the top surface are on the same side, and the positioning holes 23 on the bottom surface and those on the top surface are on the same side, that is, the guide holes 22 and positioning holes 23 on the bottom and top surfaces of the lower sand box 2 are symmetric along the transverse center plane of the lower sand box 2, ensuring the consistency of positioning during the flipping process and guaranteeing that the relative positions of the upper and lower sand molds during mold closing are within the allowable tolerance range.
[0038] As Figure 3 shown, the upper mold plate 3 is provided with the same guide holes 22 and positioning holes 23 as the lower sand box 2. And the lower mold plate is provided with the same guide pins 12 and positioning pins 13 as the upper sand box 1, realizing the precise positioning of the mold plate and the sand box and ensuring the molding quality.
[0039] By setting the corresponding pins / holes for guiding and pins / holes for positioning on the mold plate, the precise fit between the sand box and the mold plate is achieved, further improving the stability and efficiency of the forming process and ensuring that the relative positions of the mold plate and the sand mold during molding are within the allowable tolerance range.
[0040] As Figure 3 、 Figure 4 shown, the top surface of the upper mold plate 3 is the product mold plate 31, and the bottom surface is the exhaust plate 33. Exhaust channels 32 are provided on the product mold plate 31, and exhaust holes are provided on the exhaust plate 33. The exhaust holes are communicated with the exhaust channels 32 to ensure that the gas can be discharged smoothly during the casting process and improve the quality of the casting.
[0041] As Figure 1 shown, upper guide sleeves 11 are provided on both sides of the upper sand box 1, and lower guide sleeves 21 are provided on both sides of the lower sand box 2. The upper guide sleeves 11 and the lower guide sleeves 21 are connected in series by a guide rod 4. As Figure 5 shown, it ensures the accurate docking of the upper sand box 1 and the lower sand box 2 during the mold closing process, avoids misalignment, and guarantees that the relative positions of the sand core and the lower sand mold are within the allowable tolerance range.
[0042] Furthermore, as Figure 1 , Figure 6 shown, the upper bushings 11 on both sides of the upper sand box 1 are symmetrically distributed along the center of the sand box, located on both sides of the guide pin 12 and the positioning pin 13 respectively. The lower bushings 21 on both sides of the lower sand box 2 are symmetrically distributed along the center of the sand box, located on both sides of the guide hole 22 and the positioning hole 23 respectively, ensuring the stability and symmetry of the guiding and positioning functions.
[0043] The guide rods 4 should be arranged as close as possible to the middle position. Since the middle position of the sand box is a positioning structure and the guide rods 4 cannot be installed there. For more uniform guiding, the two guide rods are symmetric about the center of the sand box. As can be seen from the right side view in Figure 6 the figure, the two guide rods 4 do not coincide.
[0044] Application of the above positioning structure in the automatic molding process:
[0045] The technological process includes: box splitting, molding, flipping, core setting, and closing the box.
[0046] S1 Box splitting: The upper sand box 1 is separated from the lower sand box 2. After the empty upper and lower sand boxes 2 are separated, the upper sand box 1 goes on the upper path and the lower sand box 2 goes on the lower path.
[0047] Molding is carried out at the lower path molding station. Before entering the molding station, the upper sand box 1 and the lower sand box 2 are sorted. They are sorted in the order of one lower sand box 2, one upper sand box 1, one lower sand box 2, one upper sand box 1, and then go to the molding station for molding in turn.
[0048] S2 Molding: The sand box is matched with the mold plate. The molding sand fills the sand box and is compacted, and a sand mold is manufactured on the side in contact with the mold plate.
[0049] The upper sand box 1 is matched with the upper mold plate 3. To better achieve the guiding function, after the 2 guide pins 12 are inserted into the guide holes 22, the positioning plane touches the positioning hole 23. In this way, rough positioning can be achieved first and then fine positioning. Therefore, the clearance of the guide pin 12 should be greater than the clearance of the positioning pin 13 to ensure that the structural position on the mold plate and the relative position of the sand mold are within the allowable tolerance range. The lower sand box 2 is matched with the lower mold plate in the same way. Only the positioning pin 13 and the guide pin 12 are on the lower mold plate, and the positioning hole 23 and the guide hole 22 are on the lower sand box 2.
[0050] To better compact the sand mold, an exhaust channel 32 (a grid exhaust plug, which is designed into exhaust channels 32 with different sizes and shapes according to different product structures) is provided on the product mold plate 31 and discharged through the exhaust plate 33.
[0051] S3 Flipping: The lower sand box 2 with the sand mold is flipped to ensure that the side with the sand mold faces upward so that it can be matched with the upper sand mold.
[0052] There is a sand mold under the upper sand box 1, and the sand boxes can be directly combined during mold closing. However, after the lower sand box 2 is molded, the sand mold with the product structure is below, and it cannot be directly combined, so it needs to be flipped. After flipping, the positioning hole 23 of the lower sand box 2 is still on the right side.
[0053] S4 Core setting: The core is placed into the prepared lower sand mold through the core setting jig and the core setting fixture. The upper and lower cooperation of the jig and fixture also uses the same structure of the positioning pin 13 hole. However, to ensure that the relative position of the core and the lower sand mold is within the allowable tolerance range, the positioning pin 13 / positioning hole 23 needs to be on the same side as the positioning pin 13 / positioning hole 23 of the sand box, such as the right side in this embodiment.
[0054] S5 Mold closing: The lower sand box 2 is transported by the track to the lower part of the upper sand box 1, and the lower sand box 2 containing the lower sand mold structure and the upper sand box 1 containing the upper sand mold structure are combined together.
[0055] The guide rod 4 is controlled by the cylinder to move downward, passing through the bushings of the upper sand box 1 and the lower sand box 2, to complete the preliminary guiding function of the upper and lower sand boxes 2. The upper sand box 1 moves downward along the guide rod 4 and cooperates with the lower sand box 2. The guide rod 4 and the bushings play a further guiding role to ensure that the relative position of the core and the lower sand mold is within the allowable tolerance range.
[0056] After the sand box completes its mission, it enters the next cycle. Because the lower sand box 2 has been flipped, the bottom is facing up and the top is facing down. Both the top and bottom surfaces of the lower sand box 2 are provided with guiding, positioning and other structures to meet the subsequent mold closing operation.
[0057] Although the specific implementation manners of the present invention are described above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, it is not a limitation to the protection scope of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that based on the technical solutions of the present invention, various modifications or deformations that can be made without creative efforts by those skilled in the art are still within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims
1. An automatically formed sand mold positioning structure for positioning the upper sand box and the lower sand box, characterized in that: A guiding pin is provided on the first side of the bottom surface of the upper sand box, and a positioning pin is provided on the second side of the bottom surface. The guiding pin is a rotary body, and the positioning pin has multiple groups of positioning surfaces of the same size, and each group of positioning surfaces is symmetrically arranged on both sides of the positioning pin; On the side of the top surface of the lower sand box corresponding to the first side of the upper sand box, a guiding hole is provided, and on the side corresponding to the second side of the upper sand box, a positioning hole is provided. The first direction of the positioning hole is a positioning groove for cooperating with the positioning surface of the positioning pin, and the length in the second direction is greater than the length in the first direction.
2. The sand mold positioning structure for automatic molding according to claim 1, wherein The guiding pin is inserted into the guiding hole. The guiding pin includes a cylindrical section and a conical section. One end of the cylindrical section is installed on the bottom surface of the upper sand box, and the large end of the conical section is connected to the other end of the cylindrical section.
3. The sand mold positioning structure for automatic molding according to claim 2, characterized in that, The positioning pin is inserted into the positioning hole. The positioning pin includes a positioning section and a conical section. One end of the positioning section is installed on the bottom surface of the upper sand box, and the large end of the conical section is connected to the other end of the cylindrical section.
4. The sand mold positioning structure for automatic forming according to claim 3, characterized in that, The cross-section of the positioning section is a four-sided square, and the cross-section of the positioning hole is a keyway type, including two straight edges and two arc edges, and the straight edges and the arc edges are arranged alternately. The distance between the two straight edges matches the width of the opposite sides of the four-sided square, and the distance between the two arc edges is greater than the distance between the two straight edges.
5. The sand mold positioning structure with automatic forming according to claim 3, characterized in that, The clearance between the guiding pin and the guiding hole is greater than the clearance between the positioning pin and the positioning hole.
6. The sand mold positioning structure with automatic forming as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The bottom surface of the lower sand box is also provided with a guiding hole and a positioning hole. The guiding hole on the bottom surface of the lower sand box and the guiding hole on the top surface are on the same side of the lower sand box, and the positioning hole on the bottom surface of the lower sand box and the positioning hole on the top surface are on the same side of the lower sand box.
7. The sand mold positioning structure for automatic molding according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sand mold positioning structure is also used to position the upper sand box and the upper mold plate, and the lower sand box and the lower mold plate. The upper mold plate is provided with the same guiding hole and positioning hole as the lower sand box, and the lower mold plate is provided with the same guiding pin and positioning pin as the upper sand box.
8. The automatically formed sand mold positioning structure according to claim 7, characterized in that, The top surface of the upper mold plate is a product mold plate, and the bottom surface is an exhaust plate. An exhaust channel is provided on the product mold plate, and exhaust holes are provided on the exhaust plate. The exhaust holes are communicated with the exhaust channel.
9. The sand mold positioning structure for automatic molding according to claim 1, wherein, Upper guide sleeves are provided on both sides of the upper sand box, and lower guide sleeves are provided on both sides of the lower sand box. The upper guide sleeves and the lower guide sleeves are connected in series by a guiding rod.
10. The automatically formed sand mold positioning structure according to claim 9, characterized in that, The upper guide sleeves on both sides of the upper sand box are symmetrically distributed along the center of the sand box, and are respectively located on both sides of the guiding pin and the positioning pin. The lower guide sleeves on both sides of the lower sand box are symmetrically distributed along the center of the sand box, and are respectively located on both sides of the guiding hole and the positioning hole.