Equipment for assembling swing bolster, wedge and control spring

Abstract

The utility model discloses equipment for assembling a swing bolster, a wedge and a control spring. The equipment comprises two first supporting surfaces, a limiting structure, four base plates, four second supporting surfaces, four air cylinders and four pressing heads.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to a device for assembling a bolster, a wedge and a control spring. Background Art

[0002] A control type bogie of a railway freight car needs to assemble a bolster, a wedge and a control spring together. At present, there is a lack of a time-saving, efficient and batch-production capable assembling device. Content of the Utility Model

[0003] The utility model provides a device for assembling a bolster, a wedge and a control spring.

[0004] The technical solution of the utility model is as follows: A device for assembling a bolster, a wedge and a control spring, comprising:

[0005] 2 first support surfaces, horizontally arranged, respectively used for supporting both ends of the bolster;

[0006] A limiting structure, fixedly arranged relative to the first support surface and protruding upward beyond the support surface, used for horizontally limiting the bolster;

[0007] 4 pads, arranged on the first support surface in a rectangular array, used for respectively supporting the parts of 4 control springs that exceed the bolster during the assembling process;

[0008] 4 second support surfaces, fixedly arranged relative to the first support surface and arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the 4 pads. The orthographic projection of the second support surface on the plane where the device is located is located on the extension line of the short side of the corresponding pad in the orthographic projection of the rectangular array on the plane where the device is located and is located outside the corresponding pad. The extension direction of the intersection line of the plane where the second support surface is located and the plane where the first support surface is located is the long side direction of the rectangular array. The boundary of the second support surface close to the corresponding pad along the horizontal direction is lower than the boundary of the second support surface far from the corresponding pad along the horizontal direction. The second support surface is higher than the corresponding pad;

[0009] 4 cylinders, arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the 4 second support surfaces, respectively fixed on the corresponding second support surfaces, and the output end of the cylinder points to the short side of the corresponding pad in the rectangular array;

[0010] 4 pressure heads, arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the 4 cylinders, respectively fixed on the output ends of the corresponding cylinders, and the surface of the pressure head pointing to the short side of the corresponding pad in the rectangular array is recessed inward, used for cooperating with the end of the wedge.

[0011] Optionally, the device further includes a base and two support plates. The two support plates are fixed on the base, and the base is used to support the two support plates. The upper surfaces of the two support plates form the first support surface, and the two support plates are respectively used to support two pads on the short sides of the rectangular array.

[0012] Optionally, the base includes two I-beams and one base cross beam. The two I-beams are respectively used to support the two support plates. The I-beam includes a support side beam and a base side beam extending along the extension direction of the short side of the rectangular array. The support side beam is located above the base side beam. The I-beam further includes a base vertical beam connecting the support side beam and the base side beam and extending in the vertical direction. The base cross beam extends along the long side direction of the rectangular array and connects the base side beams of the two I-beams.

[0013] Optionally, the limiting structure includes a plurality of limiting blocks. The plurality of limiting blocks form a rectangular limiting space. The rectangular array is located inside the rectangular limiting space. The long side direction of the rectangular limiting space is parallel to the long side direction of the rectangular array.

[0014] Optionally, the number of the plurality of limiting blocks is six. Four of the limiting blocks are used for limiting the corners of the bolster, and the other two limiting blocks are used for limiting the end faces of the bolster.

[0015] Optionally, the device further includes four columns and four cylinder fixing plates. The four columns are arranged corresponding to the four cylinders one by one. The columns extend vertically and the top surfaces are inclined planes. The four cylinder fixing plates are arranged corresponding to the four columns one by one. The cylinder fixing plates are fixed on the top surfaces of the corresponding columns and are used to fix the corresponding cylinders.

[0016] Optionally, it further includes four joints, which are arranged corresponding to the four cylinders one by one. The pressing head is fixed on the output end of the corresponding cylinder through the corresponding joint.

[0017] Optionally, the surface of the pressing head pointing to the short side where the corresponding pad is located in the rectangular array is recessed inward to form a right dihedral angle. One surface of the right dihedral angle is a vertical surface and is perpendicular to the short side of the rectangular array.

[0018] Optionally, the device further includes four columns and four cylinder fixing plates. The four columns are arranged corresponding to the four cylinders one by one. The columns extend vertically and the top surfaces are inclined planes. The four cylinder fixing plates are arranged corresponding to the four columns one by one. The cylinder fixing plates are fixed on the top surfaces of the corresponding columns and are used to fix the corresponding cylinders;

[0019] The device further includes four stay bars, which are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the four columns. The four columns are respectively located at both ends of the two I-beams. The columns are welded to one end of the corresponding support side beam and the base side beam of the I-beam. The stay bars are connected to the corresponding columns and the corresponding support side beams to form a triangular structure.

[0020] This device can realize the assembly of bolster, inclined wedge and control spring. The assembly of 4 groups of inclined wedges can be realized by one-time positioning, which is labor-saving, efficient and can realize mass production. Description of the Drawings

[0021] Figure 1 is a top view of the bolster.

[0022] Figure 2 is a structural schematic diagram of the inclined wedge.

[0023] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the assembly relationship between the inclined wedge and the control spring.

[0024] Figure 4 is a top view of the device for assembling the bolster, inclined wedge and control spring of the present invention with some parts of the structure omitted.

[0025] Figure 5 is a right view (the same as the left view) of the device for assembling the bolster, inclined wedge and control spring of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 6 is Figure 5 the AA cross-sectional view of

[0027] The reference signs are as follows: 201, mounting plane; 202, mounting inclined plane; 301, inclined wedge inclined plane; 302, inclined wedge top corner part; 303, inclined wedge bottom surface; 400, control spring; 1, column; 2, base cross beam; 3, base side beam; 31, base vertical beam; 4, support side beam; 5, cylinder; 6, cylinder fixing plate; 7, joint; 8, pressure head; 9, support plate; 10, stay bar; 11, limit stop; 12, backing plate. Detailed Embodiments

[0028] The following further illustrates the present invention with specific embodiments, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto.

[0029] The present invention describes the spatial position relationship and shape characteristics of each component when the device is placed horizontally.

[0030] Refer to Figures 4 to 6 and in combination with Figures 1 to 3, an embodiment of the present utility model provides a device for assembling a bolster, a wedge, and a control spring 400, including: two first support surfaces, a limiting structure, four pads 12, four second support surfaces, four cylinders 5, and four pressure heads 8.

[0031] The two first support surfaces are horizontally arranged and are respectively used to support both ends of the bolster.

[0032] Optionally, referring to Figure 4 and Figure 5 , the device further includes a base and two support plates 9. The two support plates 9 are fixed on the base. The base is used to support the two support plates 9, and the upper surfaces of the two support plates 9 form two first support surfaces.

[0033] Specifically, the support plate 9 is welded to the base. The support plate 9 extends beyond the base in the horizontal direction. This is to reduce the weight of the device.

[0034] Combined with Figure 1 , when in use, the bolster is placed on the support plate 9, and the length direction of the bolster is parallel to the connection direction of the two support plates 9. Both ends of the bolster are respectively placed on the two support plates 9.

[0035] Optionally, referring to Figure 5 and Figure 6 , the base includes two I-beams and a base cross beam 2. The two I-beams are respectively used to support the two support plates 9. The I-beam includes a support side beam 4 and a base side beam 3 that extend along the width direction of the device (i.e., the width direction of the bolster, i.e., the extension direction of the short side of the rectangular array in the following text). The support side beam 4 is located above the base side beam 3. The I-beam further includes a base vertical beam 31 that connects the support side beam 4 and the base side beam 3 and extends in the vertical direction. The base cross beam 2 extends along the length direction of the device (i.e., the length direction of the bolster, i.e., the extension direction of the long side of the rectangular array in the following text) and connects the base side beams 3 of the two I-beams.

[0036] The structure of the base is not limited to this. In some other embodiments, the two I-beams can be replaced by two rectangular frames. Since the middle part of the bolster protrudes downward relative to the ends, the base supports the two support plates 9 and only needs to avoid the middle area of the bolster.

[0037] In other embodiments, the base is in a concave shape, and the base provides two first support surfaces.

[0038] The limiting structure is fixedly arranged relative to the first support surface and extends upward beyond the first support surface, and is used to horizontally limit the bolster.

[0039] Optionally, referring to Figures 4 to 6, the limiting structure includes a plurality of limiting blocks 11, and the plurality of limiting blocks 11 form a rectangular limiting space. The extending direction of the long side of the rectangular limiting space is parallel to the length direction of the device (i.e., the length direction of the bolster, i.e., the long side direction of the rectangular array hereinafter).

[0040] Optionally, the number of the plurality of limiting blocks 11 is 6. Among them, 4 limiting blocks 11 are used for limiting the long side ends of the bolster, and the other 2 limiting blocks 11 are used for limiting the end faces of the bolster.

[0041] Specifically, Figure 4 the 2 limiting blocks 11 centered in the up and down positions are used for limiting the end faces of the bolster, and the remaining 4 limiting blocks 11 are used for limiting the long side ends of the bolster.

[0042] The number and shape of the limiting blocks 11 are not limited to this.

[0043] 4 pads 12 are arranged on the support surface in a rectangular array, and are used for respectively supporting the parts of the 4 control springs 400 that extend beyond the bolster during the assembly process.

[0044] 2 support plates 9 are respectively used for supporting the 2 pads 12 on the short sides of the rectangular array. Specifically, 2 pads 12 are welded to 1 support plate 9, and the other 2 pads 12 are welded to the other support plate 9.

[0045] Refer to Figure 1 and Figure 3 , in the initial stage of assembly, the bottom part of the control spring 400 is located on the installation plane 201 of the bolster, and the bottom part of the control spring 400 is located outside the installation plane 201 of the bolster. The pad 12 is used for supporting the part of the control spring 400 that extends beyond the installation plane 201 of the bolster.

[0046] 4 second support surfaces are fixedly arranged relative to the first support surface and are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the 4 pads 12. The orthographic projection of the second support surface on the plane where the device is located is located on the extension line of the short side of the corresponding pad 12 in the orthographic projection of the rectangular array on the plane where the device is located and is located outside the corresponding pad 12. The extending direction of the intersection line of the plane where the second support surface is located and the plane where the first support surface is located is the long side direction of the rectangular array (i.e., the device length direction). The boundary of the second support surface along the horizontal direction close to the corresponding pad 12 is lower than the boundary of the second support surface along the horizontal direction far from the corresponding pad 12. The second support surface is higher than the corresponding pad 12.

[0047] 4 cylinders 5 are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the 4 second support surfaces and are respectively fixed on the corresponding second support surfaces. The output ends of the cylinders 5 point to the short side where the corresponding pad 12 is located in the rectangular array.

[0048] The second support surface is used to fix the cylinder 5. Optionally, refer to Figure 4 and Figure 5 The device further includes 4 columns 1 and 4 cylinder fixing plates 6. The 4 columns 1 are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the 4 cylinders 5. The columns 1 extend vertically and the top surface is an inclined surface. The 4 cylinder fixing plates 6 are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the 4 columns 1. The cylinder fixing plates 6 are fixed on the top surfaces of the corresponding columns 1 for fixing the corresponding cylinders 5 (the 4 cylinder fixing plates 6 provide 4 second support surfaces).

[0049] The second support surface is provided by the cylinder fixing plate 6, which is for facilitating the maintenance and replacement of the cylinder fixing plate 6.

[0050] In other embodiments, the second support surface is provided by the column 1.

[0051] The 4 punches 8 are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the 4 cylinders 5 and are respectively fixed on the output ends of the corresponding cylinders 5. The surface of the punch 8 pointing to the short side where the corresponding backing plate 12 is located in the rectangular array is recessed inward for cooperating with the end of the wedge.

[0052] Optionally, refer to Figure 5 , and further includes 4 connectors 7 (which can be standard Y-shaped connectors), arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the 4 cylinders 5. The punch 8 is fixed on the output end of the corresponding cylinder 5 through the corresponding connector 7. In this way, it is convenient to replace the punch 8, so that the device is applicable to wedges of different models.

[0053] Optionally, refer to Figure 5 , the surface of the punch 8 pointing to the short side where the corresponding backing plate is located in the rectangular array is recessed inward to form a right dihedral angle, and one surface of the right dihedral angle is a vertical surface and perpendicular to the short side of the rectangular array.

[0054] Combined with Figure 3 , during use, the end face of the right dihedral angle type of the punch 8 presses on the apex 302 of the wedge.

[0055] Optionally, the device further includes 4 tension bars 10, arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the 4 columns 1. The 4 columns 1 are respectively located at both ends of 2 I-beams. The columns 1 are welded to one ends of the corresponding support side beams 4 and base side beams 3 of the I-beams. The tension bars 10 are welded to the corresponding columns 1 and support side beams 4 to form a triangular shape. The tension bars 10 are used for auxiliary fixing of the columns 1 and the base.

[0056] Refer to Figures 1 to 6, the working process of the device is as follows. The two ends of the bolster are placed on two first support surfaces (specifically, the upper surfaces of two support plates 9). The limiting structure limits the bolster horizontally (specifically, limited by six limiting blocks 11) to prevent the bolster from moving. At this time, the four pads 12 are respectively located outside the four mounting planes 201, flush with the mounting planes 201 in height and basically seamlessly butted.

[0057] Reference Figure 2 and Figure 3 , the wedge is hollow and has an opening formed at the bottom surface 303 of the wedge. The control spring 400 is inserted into the inner cavity of the wedge from the opening at the bottom surface 303 of the wedge, and the lower end of the control spring 400 is exposed. Two flat structures are respectively arranged on two sides of the middle cavity of the wedge to form two wedge inclined surfaces 301 ( Figure 2 Another wedge inclined surface 301 in is blocked and not shown). The two wedge inclined surfaces 301 correspond one by one to the two mounting inclined surfaces 202 at the corresponding positions on the bolster. The mounting plane 201 on the bolster and the two mounting inclined surfaces 202 at the corresponding positions form a dihedral angle with an acute angle. During assembly, the wedge inclined surface 301 on the wedge contacts the mounting inclined surface 202 on the bolster.

[0058] Subsequently, the supporting air source (not shown) is opened, and the end of the pressing head 8 presses against the wedge apex 302 of the wedge, and presses the wedge downward and inward along the width direction of the bolster. During this process, the control spring 400 is compressed and moves horizontally towards the inner side of the bolster. After the pressing head 8 moves into place, the staff fixes the bolster and the wedge together through a fixing pin (not shown). Note: Holes (not shown) for inserting the fixing pin are provided on both the bolster and the wedge.

[0059] During design, note that the angle between the wedge inclined surface 301 of the wedge and the plane where the wedge is located should be equal to the angle between the mounting plane 201 of the bolster and the mounting inclined surface 202. Design the required pressure according to the air source pressure and the spring compression amount, and select the appropriate cylinder diameter and stroke of the cylinder 5. The maximum horizontal distance between the pressing head 8 and the pad 12 is large enough to have sufficient space to place the bolster, the wedge, and the uncompressed control spring 400.

[0060] This device can assemble one group, two groups, three groups or four groups of control springs 400 and wedges simultaneously.

[0061] Each embodiment in the present utility model is described in a progressive manner. The same or similar parts among the embodiments can be referred to each other, and the key points of each embodiment are the differences from other embodiments.

[0062] The protection scope of the present utility model is not limited to the above embodiments. Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various changes and deformations to the present utility model without departing from the scope and spirit of the present utility model. If these changes and deformations fall within the scope of the claims of the present utility model and its equivalent technologies, the intention of the present utility model also includes these changes and deformations.

Claims

1. An apparatus for assembling a bolster, a wedge, and a control spring, characterized in that Comprising: Two first support surfaces, horizontally arranged, respectively for supporting both ends of the bolster; A limiting structure, fixedly arranged relative to the first support surface and protruding upward beyond the first support surface, for horizontally limiting the bolster; Four pads, arranged on the first support surface in a rectangular array, for respectively supporting the parts of the four control springs protruding beyond the bolster during the assembly process; Four second support surfaces, fixedly arranged relative to the first support surface, corresponding to the four pads one by one. The orthogonal projection of the second support surface on the plane where the device is located is on the extension line of the short side of the corresponding pad in the orthogonal projection of the rectangular array on the plane where the device is located and outside the corresponding pad. The extension direction of the intersection line of the plane where the second support surface is located and the plane where the first support surface is located is the long side direction of the rectangular array. The boundary of the second support surface close to the corresponding pad in the horizontal direction is lower than the boundary of the second support surface far from the corresponding pad in the horizontal direction. The second support surface is higher than the corresponding pad; Four cylinders, corresponding to the four second support surfaces one by one, respectively fixed on the corresponding second support surfaces, and the output ends of the cylinders point to the short side where the corresponding pad is located in the rectangular array; Four pressing heads, corresponding to the four cylinders one by one, respectively fixed on the output ends of the corresponding cylinders. The surface of the pressing head pointing to the short side where the corresponding pad is located in the rectangular array is recessed inward, for cooperating with the end of the wedge.

2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The device further includes a base and two support plates. The two support plates are fixed on the base. The base is used to support the two support plates. The upper surfaces of the two support plates form the two first support surfaces. The two support plates are respectively used to support the two pads on the short sides of the rectangular array.

3. The device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The base includes two I-beams and one base cross beam. The two I-beams are respectively used to support the two support plates. The I-beam includes a support side beam and a base side beam extending along the extension direction of the short side of the rectangular array. The support side beam is located above the base side beam. The I-beam further includes a base vertical beam connecting the support side beam and the base side beam and extending in the vertical direction. The base cross beam extends along the long side direction of the rectangular array and connects the base side beams of the two I-beams.

4. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The limiting structure includes a plurality of limiting blocks. The plurality of limiting blocks form a rectangular limiting space. The rectangular array is located inside the rectangular limiting space. The long side direction of the rectangular limiting space is parallel to the long side direction of the rectangular array.

5. The device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The number of the plurality of limiting blocks is six. Four of the limiting blocks are used to limit the corners of the bolster, and the other two limiting blocks are used to limit the end faces of the bolster.

6. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The device further includes four columns and four cylinder fixing plates. The four columns are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the four cylinders. The columns extend vertically and the top surfaces are inclined planes. The four cylinder fixing plates are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the four columns. The cylinder fixing plates are fixed on the top surfaces of the corresponding columns for fixing the corresponding cylinders.

7. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that, It further includes four connectors, which are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the four cylinders. The pressure head is fixed on the output end of the corresponding cylinder through the corresponding connector.

8. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The surface of the pressure head pointing to the short side of the corresponding backing plate in the rectangular array is recessed inward to form a right dihedral angle. One surface of the right dihedral angle is a vertical plane and is perpendicular to the short side of the rectangular array.

9. The device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The device further includes four columns and four cylinder fixing plates. The four columns are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the four cylinders. The columns extend vertically and the top surfaces are inclined planes. The four cylinder fixing plates are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the four columns. The cylinder fixing plates are fixed on the top surfaces of the corresponding columns for fixing the corresponding cylinders; The device further includes four tie rods, which are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the four columns. The four columns are respectively located at both ends of the two I-beams. The columns are welded to one end of the support side beam and the base side beam of the corresponding I-beam. The tie rods connect the corresponding columns and the corresponding support side beams to form a triangular structure.

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