Freezing vacuum drying equipment

Abstract

The utility model relates to freezing vacuum drying equipment which comprises a freezing box body, a refrigerating system, a vacuum system, a heating system, an electric control system and a pulse laminar flow system. A material freeze-drying bin is arranged in the freezing box body, the pulse laminar flow system comprises a vertical air inlet pipe, the vertical air inlet pipe is arranged in the material freeze-drying bin, the vertical air inlet pipe is externally connected with a gas generator, a plurality of air holes are vertically formed in the vertical air inlet pipe, the air holes face the storage plate, and the gas generator periodically conveys gas to the material freeze-drying bin; the electric control system is used for controlling operation of the refrigerating system, the vacuum system, the heating system and the pulse laminar flow system. In the application, the gas generator of the pulse laminar flow system periodically inputs the gas into the material freeze-drying bin through the vertical gas inlet pipe to form the pulse gas flow, so as to generate a disturbance effect on the material, so that the surfaces of different areas of the material are in full contact with hot air, and the uniformity and efficiency of material drying are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the technical field of drying equipment, and particularly to a freeze-vacuum drying equipment. Background Art

[0002] Freeze-vacuum drying equipment is widely used in the drying of materials such as fruit and vegetable foods and medicinal materials.

[0003] Freeze-vacuum drying equipment utilizes the characteristics of the triple point of water. First, the freeze-vacuum dryer freezes and processes the materials (such as fruit and vegetable foods and medicinal materials) in the material freeze-drying chamber, causing the water in the materials to freeze into solids. Subsequently, the freeze-vacuum drying equipment evacuates the material freeze-drying chamber. Finally, the heating system of the freeze-vacuum drying equipment heats the frozen materials, causing the solid water in the materials to directly sublimate into gaseous water vapor, and the sublimated water vapor is pumped to the condenser for separation by means of evacuation. Thus, the materials maintain their original shape and color, and at the same time, a large amount of their nutritional components are retained.

[0004] There are several vertically arranged placement plates in the material freeze-drying chamber, and the placement plates are used to support the trays containing materials. In the prior art, most of the heating systems of freeze-vacuum drying equipment are arranged on the side walls of the material freeze-drying chamber, and the distances from the materials at different positions on the trays to the heating system are different, resulting in different drying degrees of the materials at different positions. Summary of the Utility Model

[0005] In order to improve the uniformity of material drying, this application provides a freeze-vacuum drying equipment.

[0006] A freeze-vacuum drying equipment provided by this application adopts the following technical solutions:

[0007] A freeze-vacuum drying equipment includes a freezing box body, a refrigeration system, a vacuum system, a heating system, an electric control system, and a pulse laminar flow system; a material freeze-drying chamber is provided in the freezing box body, several placement plates are provided in the material freeze-drying chamber, and the several placement plates are vertically spaced apart. The placement plates are used to support material trays, and the material trays are used to hold materials; the refrigeration system is used to freeze the materials in the material freeze-drying chamber, the vacuum system is used to evacuate the material freeze-drying chamber, and the heating system is used to heat the materials in the material freeze-drying chamber; the pulse laminar flow system includes a vertical air inlet pipe, the vertical air inlet pipe is arranged in the material freeze-drying chamber, the vertical air inlet pipe is externally connected to a gas generator, several air permeation holes are vertically opened on the vertical air inlet pipe, the air permeation holes are arranged towards the placement plates, and the gas generator periodically conveys gas into the material freeze-drying chamber; the electric control system is used to control the operation of the refrigeration system, the vacuum system, the heating system, and the pulse laminar flow system.

[0008] By adopting the above technical solution, when the heating system heats the freeze-dried material and the solid water in the material directly sublimes into gaseous water vapor, the gas generator of the pulsed laminar flow system periodically inputs high-pressure gas into the material freeze-drying chamber through the vertical intake pipe to form a pulsed air flow. The pulsed air flow is a discontinuous air flow pattern. The pulsed air flow usually has a high impact force and momentum, and can generate a disturbing effect on the material in a short time, so that the surfaces of different regions of the material are fully in contact with the hot air, improving the uniformity and efficiency of material drying.

[0009] Optionally, there are two vertical intake pipes. The two vertical intake pipes are arranged on both sides of the placement plate and are oppositely arranged; the two vertical intake pipes alternately transport gas into the material freeze-drying chamber.

[0010] By adopting the above technical solution, pulsed air flow is transported into the material freeze-drying chamber through two oppositely arranged vertical intake pipes, so that the pulsed laminar flow system can cover more regions of the material, further improving the uniformity of material drying.

[0011] Optionally, the pulsed laminar flow system further includes a horizontal outlet pipe. The horizontal outlet pipe is horizontally arranged, and there are several vertical horizontal outlet pipes. One end of the horizontal outlet pipe is connected to the vertical intake pipe, and the other end of the horizontal outlet pipe faces the placement plate. The gas flows through the vertical intake pipe, the horizontal outlet pipe, and the material in sequence.

[0012] By adopting the above technical solution, by arranging a horizontal outlet pipe at the air outlet of the vertical intake pipe, the gas contacts the material in the horizontal direction, improving the disturbing effect of the pulsed air flow on the material and further improving the uniformity of material drying.

[0013] Optionally, the pulsed laminar flow system further includes a nozzle. The nozzle is fixedly arranged at one end of the horizontal outlet pipe far from the vertical intake pipe. The gas flows through the vertical intake pipe, the horizontal outlet pipe, the nozzle, and the material in sequence.

[0014] By adopting the above technical solution, by arranging a nozzle on the horizontal outlet pipe, the coverage range of the pulsed air flow is increased, further improving the uniformity of material drying.

[0015] Optionally, the horizontal outlet pipe is arranged between adjacent placement plates, and there is a clearance between the horizontal outlet pipe and the placement plate.

[0016] By adopting the above technical solution, the horizontal outlet pipe is arranged between two adjacent placement plates, which can improve the disturbing effect of the pulsed air flow on the material and improve the uniformity of material drying.

[0017] Optionally, the gas delivered by the gas generator is nitrogen or clean air.

[0018] By adopting the above technical solution, the gas is nitrogen or treated clean air, and nitrogen or clean air is used to disturb the material, thereby reducing the pollution of the pulsed air flow to the material.

[0019] Optionally, the pulsed laminar flow system further includes a vibrator, and the vibrator is fixedly arranged on the vertical air inlet pipe.

[0020] By adopting the above technical solution, the vibrator will drive the vertical air inlet pipe and the horizontal air outlet pipe to vibrate slightly, thereby changing the air outlet direction and angle of the horizontal air outlet pipe, so as to further improve the disturbance effect of the pulsed air flow on the materials in different regions and improve the uniformity of material drying.

[0021] Optionally, the vertical air inlet pipe is provided with connecting ear plates, the connecting ear plates are fixedly connected with the vertical air inlet pipe, and the vibrator is fixedly connected with the connecting ear plates through bolts.

[0022] By adopting the above technical solution, by arranging connecting ear plates on the vertical air inlet pipe, it is convenient to install and fix the vibrator on the vertical air inlet pipe.

[0023] In summary, the present application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:

[0024] 1. The gas generator of the pulsed laminar flow system periodically inputs high-pressure gas into the material freeze-drying bin through the vertical air inlet pipe to form a pulsed air flow. The pulsed air flow is a discontinuous air flow mode. The pulsed air flow usually has a high impact force and momentum, and can generate a disturbance effect on the material in a short time, so that the surfaces of different regions of the material are fully in contact with the hot air, improving the uniformity and efficiency of material drying;

[0025] 2. By arranging a horizontal air outlet pipe at the air outlet of the vertical air inlet pipe, the high-pressure gas contacts the material in the horizontal direction, so as to improve the disturbance effect of the pulsed air flow on the material and further improve the uniformity of material drying;

[0026] 3. The vibrator will drive the vertical air inlet pipe and the horizontal air outlet pipe to vibrate slightly, thereby changing the air outlet direction and angle of the horizontal air outlet pipe, so as to further improve the disturbance effect of the pulsed air flow on the materials in different regions and improve the uniformity of material drying. Description of the Drawings

[0027] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram showing the structure of the freeze-vacuum drying equipment in Embodiment 1.

[0028] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram showing the structure of the freeze-vacuum drying equipment in Embodiment 2.

[0029] Figure 3 is Figure 2 The enlarged view of part A in

[0030] Description of reference numerals: 1, freezing box body; 2, refrigeration system; 3, vacuum system; 4, heating system; 5, pulsed laminar flow system; 51, gas generator; 52, vertical air inlet pipe; 53, horizontal air outlet pipe; 54, nozzle; 6, temperature detector; 7, connecting ear plate; 8, vibrator; 11, material freeze-drying bin; 12, placing plate; 13, material tray. Specific embodiments

[0031] The following will further describe the present application in detail with reference to the Figures 1-3 accompanying drawings.

[0032] An embodiment of the present application discloses a freeze-vacuum drying device. Referring to Figure 1 , the freeze-vacuum drying device includes a freezing box body 1, a refrigeration system 2, a vacuum system 3, a heating system 4, an electric control system, and a pulsed laminar flow system 5.

[0033] Referring to Figure 1 , a material freeze-drying bin 11 is provided in the freezing box body 1, and a plurality of placing plates 12 are provided in the material freeze-drying bin 11. The plurality of placing plates 12 are vertically spaced apart. The placing plates 12 are used to support the material trays 13, and the material trays 13 are used to hold materials.

[0034] Referring to Figure 1 , the refrigeration system 2 is used to freeze the materials in the material freeze-drying bin 11, the vacuum system 3 is used to evacuate the material freeze-drying bin 11, and the heating system 4 is used to heat the air in the material freeze-drying bin 11 or the material trays 13 to heat and dry the materials in the trays. In the prior art, the refrigeration system 2, the heating system 4, and the vacuum system 3 are conventional systems of the freeze-vacuum drying device; and the refrigeration system 2, the heating system 4, and the vacuum system 3 are not the main inventive points of the present application. The specific structures of the refrigeration system 2, the heating system 4, and the vacuum system 3 will not be described in detail in this embodiment. In this embodiment, the refrigeration end of the refrigeration system 2 and the heating end of the heating system 4 are both fixedly provided on the inner side wall of the material freeze-drying bin 11; and the air extraction port of the vacuum system 3 is provided at the top of the material freeze-drying bin 11.

[0035] Referring to Figure 1, the pulsed laminar flow system 5 includes a gas generator 51, a vertical intake pipe 52, a horizontal outlet pipe 53, and a nozzle 54. In this embodiment, the gas generator 51 is disposed outside the refrigeration cabinet 1, and the vertical intake pipe 52 is disposed in the material freeze-drying chamber 11. The gas generator 51 is connected to the vertical intake pipe 52 through a pipeline. The gas generator 51 can be a gas compressor, which compresses high-pressure gas and periodically transports the high-pressure gas into the material freeze-drying chamber 11 by the quick opening and closing of the valves on the pipeline.

[0036] During the process that the heating system 4 heats the freeze-dried material and the solid water in the material directly sublimes into gaseous water vapor, the gas generator 51 of the pulsed laminar flow system 5 periodically inputs high-pressure gas into the material freeze-drying chamber 11 through the vertical intake pipe 52 to form a pulsed air flow. The pulsed air flow is a discontinuous air flow pattern. The pulsed air flow usually has a relatively high impact force and momentum, and can generate a disturbing effect on the material in a short time, so that the surfaces of different regions of the material can fully contact with the hot air, improving the uniformity and efficiency of material drying.

[0037] Refer to Figure 1 , the horizontal outlet pipe 53 is horizontally disposed, and there are several horizontal outlet pipes 53 vertically disposed. One end of the horizontal outlet pipe 53 is communicated with the vertical intake pipe 52, and the other end of the horizontal outlet pipe 53 faces the placement plate 12. The nozzle 54 is fixedly disposed at one end of the horizontal outlet pipe 53 away from the vertical intake pipe 52, and the high-pressure gas flows through the vertical intake pipe 52, the horizontal outlet pipe 53, the nozzle 54, and the material in sequence. In this embodiment, the horizontal outlet pipe 53 is disposed between adjacent placement plates 12, and there is a clearance between the horizontal outlet pipe 53 and the placement plate 12. The horizontal outlet pipe 53 is horizontally disposed, so that the high-pressure gas contacts the material in the horizontal direction to improve the disturbing effect of the pulsed air flow on the material and the uniformity of material drying. At the same time, by providing the nozzle 54 on the horizontal outlet pipe 53, the coverage range of the pulsed air flow is increased to further improve the uniformity of material drying.

[0038] In this embodiment, the gas transported by the gas generator 51 is nitrogen or clean air. Nitrogen or clean air is used to disturb the material, thereby reducing the pollution of the pulsed air flow to the material.

[0039] In this embodiment, several temperature detectors 6 are fixedly disposed on the inner side wall of the material freeze-drying chamber 11 for detecting the temperature in the freeze-drying chamber. The electric control system (not shown in this embodiment) can control the operation of the refrigeration system 2, the vacuum system 3, the heating system 4, and the pulsed laminar flow system 5 according to the temperature detected by the temperature detector 6.

[0040] Meanwhile, in this embodiment, there are two vertical air inlet pipes 52, which are arranged on both sides of the placing plate 12 and are oppositely arranged; the two vertical air inlet pipes 52 alternately transport high-pressure gas into the material freeze-drying chamber 11. That is, pulsed air flow is transported into the material freeze-drying chamber 11 through the two oppositely arranged vertical air inlet pipes 52, so that the pulsed laminar flow system 5 can cover more areas of materials, thereby further improving the uniformity of material drying.

[0041] Embodiment 2

[0042] The difference between this Embodiment 2 and Embodiment 1 is that:

[0043] Referring to Figure 2 and Figure 3 , the pulsed laminar flow system 5 further includes a vibrator 8, and the vibrator 8 is fixedly arranged on the vertical air inlet pipe 52. Specifically, the vertical air inlet pipe 52 is provided with a connecting ear plate 7, the connecting ear plate 7 is fixedly connected to the vertical air inlet pipe 52, and the vibrator 8 is fixedly connected to the connecting ear plate 7 by bolts, so as to facilitate the staff to install the vibrator 8 on the vertical air inlet pipe 52. In this embodiment, the connecting ear plate 7 is fixedly welded to the air inlet pipe.

[0044] The implementation principle of a freeze-vacuum drying device according to an embodiment of the present application is that the vibrator 8 will drive the vertical air inlet pipe 52 and the horizontal air outlet pipe 53 to vibrate slightly, thereby changing the air outlet direction and angle of the horizontal air outlet pipe 53, so as to further improve the disturbance effect of the pulsed air flow on materials in different areas and improve the uniformity of material drying.

[0045] The above are all preferred embodiments of the present application. The protection scope of the present application is not limited by this. Therefore, all equivalent changes made according to the structure, shape, and principle of the present application should be covered within the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A freeze-vacuum drying device, characterized in that: It includes a freezing box body (1), a refrigeration system (2), a vacuum system (3), a heating system (4), an electric control system, and a pulsed laminar flow system (5); a material freeze-drying chamber (11) is provided inside the freezing box body (1), and a plurality of placing plates (12) are provided inside the material freeze-drying chamber (11). The plurality of placing plates (12) are vertically spaced apart. The placing plates (12) are used to support the material trays (13), and the material trays (13) are used to hold materials; the refrigeration system (2) is used to freeze the materials inside the material freeze-drying chamber (11), the vacuum system (3) is used to evacuate the material freeze-drying chamber (11), and the heating system (4) is used to heat the materials in the material freeze-drying chamber (11); the pulsed laminar flow system (5) includes a vertical air inlet pipe (52). The vertical air inlet pipe (52) is arranged inside the material freeze-drying chamber (11). The vertical air inlet pipe (52) is externally connected to a gas generator (51). A plurality of air permeation holes are vertically formed in the vertical air inlet pipe (52). The air permeation holes are arranged facing the placing plates (12). The gas generator (51) periodically conveys gas into the material freeze-drying chamber (11); the electric control system is used to control the operation of the refrigeration system (2), the vacuum system (3), the heating system (4), and the pulsed laminar flow system (5).

2. The freeze-vacuum drying equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: There are two vertical air inlet pipes (52). The two vertical air inlet pipes (52) are arranged on both sides of the placing plate (12), and the two vertical air inlet pipes (52) are arranged oppositely; the two vertical air inlet pipes (52) alternately convey gas into the material freeze-drying chamber (11).

3. The freeze-vacuum drying equipment according to claim 2, characterized in that: The pulsed laminar flow system (5) further includes a horizontal air outlet pipe (53). The horizontal air outlet pipe (53) is horizontally arranged, and a plurality of horizontal air outlet pipes (53) are vertically arranged. One end of the horizontal air outlet pipe (53) is communicated with the vertical air inlet pipe (52), and the other end of the horizontal air outlet pipe (53) is arranged facing the placing plate (12). The gas sequentially flows through the vertical air inlet pipe (52), the horizontal air outlet pipe (53), and the material.

4. The freeze-vacuum drying equipment according to claim 3, characterized in that: The pulsed laminar flow system (5) further includes a nozzle (54). The nozzle (54) is fixedly arranged at one end of the horizontal air outlet pipe (53) far from the vertical air inlet pipe (52). The gas sequentially flows through the vertical air inlet pipe (52), the horizontal air outlet pipe (53), the nozzle (54), and the material.

5. The freeze-vacuum drying equipment according to claim 3, wherein: The horizontal air outlet pipe (53) is arranged between adjacent placing plates (12), and there is an avoidance gap between the horizontal air outlet pipe (53) and the placing plate (12).

6. The freeze-vacuum drying equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gas conveyed by the gas generator (51) is nitrogen or clean air.

7. The freeze-vacuum drying equipment according to claim 3, wherein: The pulsed laminar flow system (5) further includes a vibrator (8). The vibrator (8) is fixedly arranged on the vertical air inlet pipe (52).

8. The freeze-vacuum drying equipment according to claim 7, wherein: The vertical air inlet pipe (52) is provided with a connecting ear plate (7). The connecting ear plate (7) is fixedly connected to the vertical air inlet pipe (52). The vibrator (8) is fixedly connected to the connecting ear plate (7) by bolts.

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