Compact phase change material coupling heat pipe energy storage battery hybrid heat management device

Abstract

The utility model discloses a compact phase change material coupling heat pipe energy storage battery hybrid heat management device which comprises a battery module, a battery box body and a heat exchange unit, the battery module comprises a plurality of energy storage battery monomers, and the battery monomers are connected in series or in parallel to form a module; the battery box body comprises a battery box shell, a battery module heat exchange chamber, an upper cooling liquid immersion chamber and a lower cooling liquid immersion chamber; an upper cooling liquid immersion chamber, a battery module heat exchange chamber and a lower cooling liquid immersion chamber are sequentially arranged in the battery box shell from top to bottom; the battery module heat exchange chamber is used for accommodating the battery module and the heat exchange unit; each heat exchange unit comprises a phase change material, a heat pipe, a fin and a liquid cooling plate; and the heat pipes are arranged among the battery monomers. According to the utility model, a plurality of cooling technologies form a compact structure and are integrated in one battery box, a complicated flow channel structure is not needed, and the heat exchange efficiency is high.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of thermal management of energy storage batteries, and particularly relates to a compact phase change material coupled with a heat pipe energy storage battery hybrid thermal management device. Background Technique

[0002] As a secondary energy source, rechargeable lithium-ion batteries are widely used in electrochemical energy storage systems due to their characteristics such as no memory effect, long cycle life, low self-discharge rate, and high energy density. However, the charge and discharge performance and safety of lithium-ion batteries are greatly affected by temperature. During the operation of lithium-ion batteries, a large amount of heat is generated, resulting in an increase in battery temperature. Excessive temperature will cause the battery working efficiency to decay, and in severe cases, it may even trigger thermal runaway and cause the battery to catch fire, leading to the spread, emission, fire or explosion of harmful substances and causing safety problems. Based on this, it is very important to design an efficient thermal management system for the safe and reliable operation of lithium-ion batteries in energy storage power stations.

[0003] At present, most energy storage batteries in the energy storage industry mainly dissipate heat from the battery module by air cooling, cold plate liquid cooling or a combination of the two, which respectively have the disadvantages of low heat dissipation efficiency, high energy consumption, complex structure, large contact thermal resistance, and poor temperature uniformity.

[0004] The phase change material of the passive cooling system has a simple structure, high latent heat, and low cost, and can absorb the heat generated by the battery, delaying the increase of the battery surface temperature, and is suitable for application in the thermal management system of energy storage batteries. However, under extreme working conditions, the phase change material has a low thermal conductivity and a slow cooling rate, and the heat generated by the battery will accumulate on the battery surface, making it difficult to meet the need for rapid control of the battery temperature. In order to effectively eliminate the heat of the battery absorbed by the phase change material, heat pipes and fins can be used as high-efficiency heat conduction devices to improve the heat dissipation ability of the phase change material. The fins can be integrated onto the battery surface to enhance heat transfer along the fin direction. A heat pipe is an efficient heat exchanger, and the working fluid inside it undergoes liquid-vapor phase change, having a very high thermal conductivity and can significantly improve the heat transfer efficiency. In addition, single-phase liquid immersion flow cooling is implemented in the condensation section of the heat pipe, which can effectively eliminate the heat absorbed by the heat pipe and avoid direct contact between the coolant and the battery. Content of the Utility Model

[0005] In view of this, the present utility model provides a compact phase change material coupled heat pipe energy storage battery hybrid thermal management device. This device conducts efficient thermal management on the energy storage battery pack through the cooling of the phase change material coupled with the heat pipe, and introduces fins to strengthen the heat transfer between the battery module and the phase change material. One end of the composite phase change material and the fins is in direct contact with the battery cell, and the other end is in direct contact with the evaporation section of the heat pipe. The heat pipes are evenly distributed among the battery cells. In order to accelerate the heat dissipation of the condensation section of the heat pipe, the condensation section of the heat pipe is immersed in a single-phase flowing coolant, transferring the heat of the battery module and the phase change material to the coolant, thereby achieving high-efficiency thermal management performance.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present utility model adopts the following technical solutions:

[0007] The present utility model provides a compact phase change material coupled heat pipe energy storage battery hybrid thermal management device, including a battery module, a battery box body, and a heat exchange unit;

[0008] The battery module includes a plurality of energy storage battery cells, and the battery cells are connected in series or in parallel to form a module;

[0009] The battery box body includes a battery box housing, a battery module heat exchange chamber, an upper coolant immersion chamber, and a lower coolant immersion chamber; the interior of the battery box housing is successively an upper coolant immersion chamber, a battery module heat exchange chamber, and a lower coolant immersion chamber from top to bottom; the battery module heat exchange chamber is used to accommodate the battery module and the heat exchange unit;

[0010] The heat exchange unit includes a phase change material, a heat pipe, a fin, and a liquid cooling plate; the heat pipe is arranged between the battery cells, the fin is connected to the heat pipe, the liquid cooling plate is arranged at both ends of the battery box body and is connected to the end of the fin; the phase change material is evenly filled in the gaps between the battery module, the fin, and the heat pipe.

[0011] The battery box body includes a battery box housing, a battery module heat exchange chamber, an upper coolant immersion chamber, and a lower coolant immersion chamber. The battery box housing includes a liquid inlet and a liquid outlet communicating with the coolant immersion chamber. The coolant enters the lower coolant immersion chamber from the liquid inlet and flows out from the liquid outlet through the upper coolant immersion chamber;

[0012] The battery module heat exchange chamber is used to accommodate the battery module and the heat exchange unit. The battery module heat exchange chamber can move up and down along the height direction of the battery module and is fixed in the battery box body by two detachable fixing brackets on the upper and lower sides of the battery module heat exchange chamber; the battery module heat exchange chamber is separated from the upper coolant immersion chamber and the lower coolant immersion chamber by an upper heat conduction partition and a lower heat conduction partition respectively;

[0013] The heat exchange unit includes heat pipes, phase change materials, fins, and liquid cooling plates. The heat pipes are evenly distributed among the battery cells, and each heat pipe has one evaporation section and two condensation sections. The evaporation section of the heat pipe and the battery cells are located in the heat exchange chamber of the battery module. The two condensation sections of the heat pipe respectively penetrate through the upper heat conduction partition and the lower heat conduction partition and extend into the upper coolant immersion chamber and the lower coolant immersion chamber. The fins are connected to the battery cells and the evaporation section of the heat pipe. The phase change materials are evenly filled in the gaps between the battery module, the fins, and the heat pipes. The liquid cooling plates are located on both sides of the heat exchange chamber of the battery module and are used to connect the upper coolant immersion chamber and the lower coolant immersion chamber.

[0014] Optionally, the heat exchange chamber of the battery module is fixed in the battery box by two detachable fixing brackets, upper and lower, and can move up and down along the height direction of the battery module. The heat exchange chamber of the battery module is separated from the upper coolant immersion chamber and the lower coolant immersion chamber by the upper heat conduction partition and the lower heat conduction partition respectively.

[0015] Optionally, the heat pipes are evenly distributed between two battery cells, and each heat pipe has one evaporation section and two condensation sections. The evaporation section of the heat pipe and the battery module are located in the heat exchange chamber of the battery module. The two condensation sections of the heat pipe respectively penetrate through the upper heat conduction partition and the lower heat conduction partition and extend into the upper coolant immersion chamber and the lower coolant immersion chamber.

[0016] Optionally, the heat pipes are flat heat pipes. The structural forms of the evaporation section and the condensation section of the heat pipe are planar. The materials of the heat pipe shell and the internal working fluid are aluminum and acetone respectively.

[0017] Optionally, the heat exchange chamber of the battery module, the upper heat conduction partition, and the lower heat conduction partition are provided with heat pipe limiting holes and liquid cooling plate limiting holes. The liquid cooling plates are fixed on both sides of the heat exchange chamber of the battery module through the liquid cooling plate limiting holes. The heat pipes are fixed through the corresponding heat pipe limiting holes, so that the evaporation section of the heat pipe is located in the heat exchange chamber of the battery module, and the condensation sections of the heat pipe respectively extend into the upper coolant immersion chamber and the lower coolant immersion chamber through the corresponding heat pipe limiting holes.

[0018] Optionally, the contact surfaces of the heat exchange chamber of the battery module, the upper heat conduction partition, the lower heat conduction partition, the heat pipes, and the liquid cooling plates form sealing surfaces through sealing structures such as setting sealing strips or sealing layers, and the inside of the heat exchange chamber of the battery module is a sealed space.

[0019] Optionally, the fins are longitudinal rectangular heat dissipation fins perpendicular to the surface of the battery cells, with one end attached to the surface of the battery cells and extending around, and the other end in contact with the evaporation section of the heat pipe or the liquid cooling plate.

[0020] Optionally, the liquid cooling plates are located on both sides of the heat exchange chamber of the battery module and are used to connect the upper coolant immersion chamber and the lower coolant immersion chamber;

[0021] One end of the liquid cooling plate has a liquid inlet, and the other end has a liquid outlet. The liquid inlet is connected to the lower coolant immersion chamber, and the liquid outlet is connected to the upper coolant immersion chamber.

[0022] The coolant in the liquid cooling plate is the same as the coolant in the upper and lower coolant immersion chambers.

[0023] Optionally, battery installation grooves and fin grooves are provided at the top and bottom of the housing of the battery module heat exchange chamber. The battery module and the fins are fixed in the battery module heat exchange chamber through the battery installation grooves and the fin grooves.

[0024] Optionally, the phase change material is a flexible composite phase change material.

[0025] The battery box housing includes a liquid inlet and a liquid outlet that communicate with the upper coolant immersion chamber and the lower coolant immersion chamber. The coolant flows into the lower coolant immersion chamber from the liquid inlet and flows out from the liquid outlet through the upper coolant immersion chamber.

[0026] Furthermore, battery installation grooves and fin grooves are provided at the top and bottom of the housing of the battery module heat exchange chamber. The battery module and the fins can be fixed in the battery module heat exchange chamber through the battery installation grooves and the fin grooves, avoiding changes in the position and attitude of the battery cells and the fins after the phase change material melts, which helps the normal operation of the thermal management system.

[0027] Furthermore, heat pipe limiting holes and liquid cooling plate limiting holes are provided between the battery module heat exchange chamber, the upper heat conduction partition, and the lower heat conduction partition. The heat pipes are fixed through the corresponding heat pipe limiting holes, so that the evaporation section of the heat pipe is located in the battery module heat exchange chamber, and the condensation sections of the heat pipes extend into the upper coolant immersion chamber and the lower coolant immersion chamber respectively through the corresponding heat pipe limiting holes. The liquid cooling plate is fixed on both sides of the battery module heat exchange chamber through the liquid cooling plate limiting holes, so that the coolant flows through the liquid cooling plate in the upper and lower coolant immersion chambers.

[0028] Furthermore, sealing surfaces are formed on the contact surfaces of the battery module heat exchange chamber, the upper heat conduction partition, the lower heat conduction partition, the heat pipes, and the liquid cooling plate. The inside of the battery module heat exchange chamber is a sealed space, preventing the phase change material from leaking from the battery module heat exchange chamber and also preventing the coolant from leaking from the upper coolant immersion chamber and the lower coolant immersion chamber into the battery module heat exchange chamber.

[0029] Furthermore, the phase change material is a flexible composite phase change material. The specific material composition can be the existing ones, and this application does not make specific limitations. For example, to reduce the contact thermal resistance between the phase change material and the battery, its composition includes paraffin, styrene-ethylene-propylene-styrene, and expanded graphite.

[0030] Furthermore, the fins are longitudinal rectangular fins perpendicular to the surface of the battery cell, attached to the surface of the battery cell and extending into the surrounding phase change material; the fin material is aluminum, which has low cost, light weight, and good thermal conductivity.

[0031] Furthermore, the heat pipe is a flat heat pipe, and the structural forms of its evaporation section and condensation section are planar.

[0032] Furthermore, one end of the liquid cooling plate has a liquid inlet, and the other end has a liquid outlet. The liquid inlet is connected to the lower coolant immersion chamber, and the liquid outlet is connected to the upper coolant immersion chamber; the flow channel in the liquid cooling plate is a direct-current circular groove channel. Compared with other flow channel structures, the direct-current circular groove channel structure can reduce the pressure drop, improve the heat transfer coefficient, and facilitate the design and processing of the flow channel in the liquid cooling plate.

[0033] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present utility model are as follows:

[0034] The present utility model provides a compact phase change material coupled heat pipe energy storage battery hybrid thermal management device. The battery module and the heat exchange unit are sealed in the battery module heat exchange chamber. The heat exchange unit is used for the thermal management of the energy storage battery. The heat exchange unit includes a phase change material, fins, heat pipes, and a liquid cooling plate. The entire battery module is immersed in the phase change material. The fins connect the battery cell and the evaporation section / liquid cooling plate of the heat pipe. The evaporation section of the heat pipe is located in the battery module heat exchange chamber. The condensation section of the heat pipe is located in the upper and lower coolant immersion chambers. The liquid cooling plate is located on both sides of the battery module heat exchange chamber.

[0035] During the cooling process of the heat exchange unit, the phase change material absorbs the heat generated by the energy storage battery, effectively controls the rise of the battery temperature and maintains a uniform distribution of the battery temperature, and transfers the heat along the fin direction to the evaporation section of the heat pipe, reducing the contact thermal resistance. The liquid inside the heat pipe absorbs the heat generated by the battery, undergoes a phase change and vaporizes to the condensation section of the heat pipe. The condensation section of the heat pipe takes out the heat through coolant immersion cooling in the coolant immersion chamber, and realizes the liquefaction of the gas in the condensation section of the heat pipe and returns to the evaporation section of the heat pipe to achieve cyclic heat dissipation.

[0036] In addition, the coolant circulates through the liquid cooling plate in the upper and lower coolant immersion chambers, accelerating the uniform and rapid heat dissipation of the condensation section of the heat pipe, and does not require a complex flow channel structure, with high heat exchange efficiency, meeting the temperature management requirements of low energy consumption. At the same time, the sealing structure of the battery module heat exchange chamber can prevent the leakage of the phase change material and the coolant, and prevent the coolant from directly contacting the battery and inducing safety problems. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0037] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a compact phase change material coupled heat pipe energy storage battery hybrid thermal management device in this embodiment;

[0038] Figure 2 is the top view of the heat exchange chamber of the battery module in this embodiment;

[0039] Figure 3 is the axonometric view of the heat exchange chamber of the battery module in this embodiment after removing the battery module, phase change material, fins and heat pipes;

[0040] List of components and reference numerals: 1. Battery module; 1-1. Battery mounting groove; 2. Battery box; 2a. Liquid inlet; 2b. Liquid outlet; 3. Heat exchange chamber of battery module; 3-1. Upper detachable fixing bracket; 3-2. Lower detachable fixing bracket; 4. Upper coolant immersion chamber; 5. Lower coolant immersion chamber; 6. Lower heat conduction partition; 7. Upper heat conduction partition; 8. Phase change material; 9. Heat pipe; 9-1. Heat pipe evaporation section; 9-2. Heat pipe condensation section (upper); 9-3. Heat pipe condensation section (lower); 9-4. Heat pipe limiting hole; 10. Liquid cooling plate; 10-1. Liquid cooling plate flow channel; 10-2. Liquid cooling plate limiting hole; 11. Fins; 11-1. Fin grooves. Detailed implementation manners

[0041] The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings and in combination with embodiments. It should be noted that, without conflict, the embodiments in this application and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other.

[0042] The following detailed descriptions are all exemplary descriptions, aiming to provide further detailed descriptions of the present invention. Unless otherwise specified, all technical terms adopted by the present invention have the same meaning as commonly understood by those of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs. The terms used in the present invention are only for describing specific implementation manners and are not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments of the present invention.

[0043] This application provides a compact phase change material coupled heat pipe energy storage battery hybrid thermal management device, as Figure 1 shown, which includes a battery module 1, a battery box 2 and a heat exchange unit.

[0044] The battery module 1 includes a plurality of energy storage battery monomers, and the battery monomers are connected in series or in parallel to form a module. The embodiments of the present invention are not limited to lithium-ion batteries, and other energy storage batteries are also applicable. The shapes of the energy storage battery monomers can be cylindrical, soft-pack type and prismatic type. To better illustrate the specific implementation process of the present invention, prismatic batteries are selected as the energy storage batteries in this embodiment.

[0045] The battery box 2 includes a battery box housing, a heat exchange chamber 3 of the battery module, an upper coolant immersion chamber 4 and a lower coolant immersion chamber 5.

[0046] The battery box housing includes a liquid inlet 2a and a liquid outlet 2b that communicate with the upper coolant immersion chamber 4 and the lower coolant immersion chamber 5. The coolant flows into the upper coolant immersion chamber 4 from the liquid inlet 2a and flows out from the liquid outlet 2b through the upper coolant immersion chamber 5.

[0047] The utility model is used for efficient and balanced thermal management of the temperature of the energy storage battery module 1. The thermal management device includes a battery box body 2 and a heat exchange unit. The battery box body 2 includes a battery box housing, a battery module heat exchange chamber 3, an upper coolant immersion chamber 4, and a lower coolant immersion chamber 5. The heat exchange unit includes a phase change material 8, a heat pipe 9, fins 11, and a liquid cooling plate 10.

[0048] The realization of the heat dissipation function of the thermal management device is as follows: The phase change material absorbs the heat generated by the battery, and transfers the heat along the fins to the evaporation section of the heat pipe or the liquid cooling plate through the phase change material and the fins. The working liquid in the heat pipe core vaporizes and flows into the condensation section of the heat pipe, and exchanges heat with the coolant in the upper and lower coolant immersion chambers to achieve heat dissipation. While the liquid cooling plate dissipates heat, it also realizes the circulation of the coolant in the upper and lower coolant immersion chambers. The utility model forms a compact structure by integrating multiple cooling technologies in a battery box, does not require a complex flow channel structure, has a high heat exchange efficiency, can meet the temperature management requirements of low energy consumption, high efficiency, and good temperature uniformity of the energy storage battery. At the same time, the sealing structure of the battery module heat exchange chamber can prevent the leakage of the phase change material and the coolant, and prevent the coolant from directly contacting the battery to induce safety problems.

[0049] In this embodiment, the liquid inlet 2a and the liquid outlet 2b are respectively arranged at the bottom and the top of the battery box housing. In this working condition, it can effectively ensure that the coolant completely fills the lower coolant immersion chamber 5 and the upper coolant immersion chamber 4, so that the condensation sections (9-1, 9-2) of the heat pipes located in the upper and lower coolant immersion chambers (4, 5) can be in full contact with the coolant to achieve efficient heat exchange.

[0050] The battery module heat exchange chamber 3 is used to accommodate the battery module 1 and the heat exchange unit. Among them, the heat exchange unit is used to exchange heat with the heat generated by the battery module 1 during operation and transfer it outside the battery module heat exchange chamber 3 to achieve heat dissipation.

[0051] The battery module heat exchange chamber 3 can move up and down along the height direction of the battery module 1, and is fixed at a suitable position in the battery box body 2 through two detachable fixing brackets (3-1, 3-2) on the upper and lower sides of the battery module heat exchange chamber 3. The battery module heat exchange chamber 3 is separated from the upper coolant immersion chamber 4 and the lower coolant immersion chamber 5 by an upper heat conduction partition 7 and a lower heat conduction partition 6 respectively.

[0052] The heat exchange unit includes a phase change material 8, a heat pipe 9, fins 11, and a liquid cooling plate 10. The specific structural descriptions of each part are as follows:

[0053] The heat pipes 9 are evenly distributed between two battery cells, and each has a heat pipe evaporation section 9-1 and two heat pipe condensation sections (9-2, 9-3). The heat pipe evaporation section 9-1 and the battery module 1 are both located in the battery module heat exchange chamber 3. The two heat pipe condensation sections (9-2, 9-3) respectively penetrate through the upper heat conduction partition 7 and the lower heat conduction partition 6 and extend into the upper coolant immersion chamber 4 and the lower coolant immersion chamber 5;

[0054] Specifically, the heat pipe 9 is a flat heat pipe. The structural forms of the heat pipe evaporation section 9-1 and the heat pipe condensation sections (9-2, 9-3) are planar. The materials of the heat pipe shell and the internal working fluid are aluminum and acetone respectively.

[0055] The fins 11 are longitudinal rectangular radiating fins perpendicular to the surface of the battery cell. One end is attached to the surface of the battery cell and extends around, and the other end is in contact with the heat pipe evaporation section 9-1 or the liquid cooling plate 10, as Figure 2 shown; the material of the fins 11 is aluminum, which has low cost, light weight and good heat conduction performance.

[0056] The phase change material 8 is evenly filled in the gap between the battery module 1, the fins 11 and the heat pipes 9 in the battery heat exchange chamber 3; the material composition of this embodiment is not limited. For example, the phase change material can be a flexible composite phase change material to reduce the contact thermal resistance between the phase change material and the battery. Its composition includes paraffin, styrene-ethylene-propylene-styrene and expanded graphite.

[0057] It should be noted that during the process of filling the phase change material, whether the phase change material 8 is in a solid state or a liquid state after absorbing heat and melting, its height should not exceed the height of the battery cells of the battery module 1, that is, it should not be in direct contact with the battery positive and negative connectors.

[0058] In this embodiment, considering that the suitable operating temperature range of the battery cell is 20°C to 40°C and the maximum temperature difference of the battery module 1 is 5°C, the phase change temperature of the phase change material is set to 40°C.

[0059] The liquid cooling plates 10 are located on both sides of the battery module heat exchange chamber 3 and are used to connect the upper coolant immersion chamber 4 and the lower coolant immersion chamber 5; one end of the liquid cooling plate 10 has an inlet, and the other end has an outlet. The inlet is connected to the lower coolant immersion chamber 5, and the outlet is connected to the upper coolant immersion chamber 4; the flow channel 10-1 in the liquid cooling plate 10 is a direct-current circular groove channel. Compared with other flow channel structures, the direct-current circular groove channel structure can reduce the pressure drop, reduce the energy consumption, improve the heat transfer coefficient, and facilitate the design and processing of the flow channels in the liquid cooling plate; the coolant in the liquid cooling plate 10 is the same as the coolant in the upper and lower coolant immersion chambers (4, 5), and is a mixture of water and ethylene glycol.

[0060] It should be noted that the working process of the heat exchange unit is as follows: During the operation of the battery module 1, a large amount of heat is generated. The phase change material 8 absorbs the heat generated by the battery module 1, controls the rise of the battery temperature and maintains a uniform temperature distribution of the battery module 1. At the same time, the heat is laterally transferred along the fin 11 to the heat pipe evaporation section 9-1 / the liquid cooling plate 10. The working liquid in the core of the heat pipe evaporation section 9-1 absorbs heat and evaporates, taking away the heat. This heat is the latent heat of vaporization of the working liquid, that is, the heat absorbed by the heat pipe evaporation section 9-1 from the fin 11 and the phase change material 8. The steam inside the heat pipe 9 flows from the heat pipe evaporation section 9-1 to the heat pipe condensation sections (9-2, 9-3), and exchanges heat with the coolant in the upper coolant immersion chamber 4 and the lower coolant immersion chamber 5 respectively, condenses into a liquid and releases the latent heat. Under the action of capillary force and gravity, the working liquid inside the heat pipe 9 flows back to the heat pipe evaporation section 9-1 to achieve cyclic heat dissipation.

[0061] It should be noted that during the process of heat dissipation by the circulating flow of the coolant, the temperature of the coolant in the upper coolant immersion chamber 4 will be higher than that of the coolant in the lower coolant immersion chamber 5, which will to a certain extent affect the heat dissipation effect of the heat pipe condensation section (upper) 9-2 in the upper coolant immersion chamber, resulting in the condensation rate of the evaporation gas inside the heat pipe condensation section (upper) 9-2 being slightly lower than that of the evaporation gas inside the heat pipe condensation section (lower) 9-3. However, considering that the process of the condensed liquid flowing back to the heat pipe evaporation section 9-1 in the heat pipe condensation section (upper) 9-2 has the assistance of gravity, while the process of the condensed liquid flowing back to the heat pipe evaporation section 9-1 in the heat pipe condensation section (lower) 9-3 needs to overcome the gravity, therefore, generally speaking, the influence caused by the temperature difference between the upper coolant immersion chamber 4 and the lower coolant immersion chamber 5 can be almost ignored.

[0062] As Figure 3 shown, the top and bottom of the housing of the battery module heat exchange chamber 3 are provided with battery mounting grooves 1-1 and fin grooves 11-1. The battery module 1 and the fin 11 are fixed in the battery module heat exchange chamber 3 through the battery mounting grooves 1-1 and the fin grooves 11-1, avoiding the change of the position and attitude of the battery cells and the fins after the phase change material melts, which helps the normal operation of the thermal management system.

[0063] The battery module heat exchange chamber 3 and the upper heat conduction partition 7 and the lower heat conduction partition 6 are provided with heat pipe limiting holes 9-4 and liquid cooling plate limiting holes 10-2; the heat pipe 9 is fixed through the corresponding heat pipe limiting holes 9-4, so that the heat pipe evaporation section 9-1 is located inside the battery module heat exchange chamber 3, and the heat pipe condensation sections (9-2, 9-3) extend into the upper coolant immersion chamber 4 and the lower coolant immersion chamber 5 respectively through the corresponding heat pipe limiting holes 9-4; the liquid cooling plate 10 is fixed on both sides of the battery module heat exchange chamber 3 through the liquid cooling plate limiting holes 10-2, so that the coolant can freely flow through the liquid cooling plate 10 in the upper and lower coolant immersion chambers (4, 5).

[0064] The contact surfaces of the heat exchange chamber 3 of the battery module, the upper heat conduction partition 7, the lower heat conduction partition 6, the heat pipe 9, and the liquid cooling plate 10 form a sealing surface through a sealing structure such as a sealing strip or a sealing layer. The inside of the heat exchange chamber 3 of the battery module is a sealed space, preventing the phase change material 8 from leaking out of the heat exchange chamber 3 of the battery module and also preventing the coolant from leaking from the upper coolant immersion chamber 4 and the lower coolant immersion chamber 5 into the heat exchange chamber 3 of the battery module; the housing material of the heat exchange chamber 3 of the battery module is a heat-insulating material, which can limit the thermal runaway of the battery within a single module and avoid the large-scale spread of thermal runaway.

[0065] It should be noted that in some other implementation manners, the suitable operating temperature range of the battery at 20°C to 40°C and the maximum temperature difference of the battery module of 5°C can be modified to other temperature parameters according to the specific use environment and working requirements, and the type and melting temperature of the phase change material 8 and the type of the coolant are selected and replaced accordingly.

[0066] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention can have various changes and modifications. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made by those skilled in the art without creative efforts within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A compact phase change material coupled heat pipe energy storage battery hybrid thermal management device, characterized in that, It includes a battery module (1), a battery box (2) and a heat exchange unit; The battery module (1) includes a plurality of energy storage battery cells, and the battery cells are connected in series or in parallel to form a module; The battery box (2) includes a battery box housing, a battery module heat exchange chamber (3), an upper coolant immersion chamber (4) and a lower coolant immersion chamber (5); inside the battery box housing are, from top to bottom in sequence, the upper coolant immersion chamber (4), the battery module heat exchange chamber (3) and the lower coolant immersion chamber (5); the battery module heat exchange chamber (3) is used to accommodate the battery module (1) and the heat exchange unit; The heat exchange unit includes a phase change material (8), heat pipes (9), fins (11) and a liquid cooling plate (10); the heat pipes (9) are arranged between the battery cells, the fins (11) are connected to the heat pipes (9), the liquid cooling plate (10) is arranged at both ends of the battery box (2) and is connected to the ends of the fins (11); the phase change material (8) is uniformly filled in the gaps between the battery module (1), the fins (11) and the heat pipes (9).

2. The compact phase change material coupled heat pipe energy storage battery hybrid thermal management device according to claim 1, wherein The battery module heat exchange chamber (3) is fixed in the battery box (2) by two detachable fixing brackets (3-1, 3-2) at the upper and lower parts and can move up and down along the height direction of the battery module (1). The battery module heat exchange chamber (3) is separated from the upper coolant immersion chamber (4) and the battery module heat exchange chamber (3) is separated from the lower coolant immersion chamber (5) by an upper heat conduction partition (7) and a lower heat conduction partition (6) respectively.

3. The compact phase change material coupled heat pipe energy storage battery hybrid thermal management device according to claim 2, wherein The heat pipes (9) are uniformly distributed between two battery cells and have a heat pipe evaporation section (9-1) and two heat pipe condensation sections (9-2, 9-3). The heat pipe evaporation section (9-1) and the battery module (1) are both in the battery module heat exchange chamber (3), and the two heat pipe condensation sections (9-2, 9-3) respectively penetrate through the upper heat conduction partition (7) and the lower heat conduction partition (6) and extend into the upper coolant immersion chamber (4) and the lower coolant immersion chamber (5).

4. The compact phase change material coupled heat pipe energy storage battery hybrid thermal management device according to claim 2, wherein The heat pipes (9) are flat heat pipes. The structural forms of the heat pipe evaporation section (9-1) and the heat pipe condensation sections (9-2, 9-3) are planar. The materials of the heat pipe outer shell and the internal working fluid are aluminum and acetone respectively.

5. The compact phase change material coupled heat pipe energy storage battery hybrid thermal management device according to claim 2, characterized in that The battery module heat exchange chamber (3) is provided with heat pipe limiting holes (9-4) and liquid cooling plate limiting holes (10-2) for the upper heat conduction partition (7) and the lower heat conduction partition (6). The liquid cooling plate (10) is fixed on both sides of the battery module heat exchange chamber (3) through the liquid cooling plate limiting holes (10-2), and the heat pipes (9) are fixed through the corresponding heat pipe limiting holes (9-4), so that the heat pipe evaporation section (9-1) is located in the battery module heat exchange chamber (3), and the heat pipe condensation sections (9-2, 9-3) extend into the upper coolant immersion chamber (4) and the lower coolant immersion chamber (5) respectively through the corresponding heat pipe limiting holes.

6. The compact phase change material coupled heat pipe energy storage battery hybrid thermal management device according to claim 2, wherein The contact surfaces of the heat exchange chamber (3) of the battery module, the upper heat conduction partition (7), the lower heat conduction partition (6), the heat pipe (9), and the liquid cooling plate (10) form a sealing surface through a sealing structure such as a sealing strip or a sealing layer, and the inside of the heat exchange chamber (3) of the battery module is a sealed space.

7. The compact phase change material coupled heat pipe energy storage battery hybrid thermal management device according to claim 1, wherein The fin (11) is a longitudinal rectangular heat dissipation fin perpendicular to the surface of the battery cell, one end is attached to the surface of the battery cell and extends around, and the other end is in contact with the evaporation section (9-1) of the heat pipe or the liquid cooling plate (10).

8. The compact phase change material coupled heat pipe energy storage battery hybrid thermal management device according to claim 1, wherein The liquid cooling plate (10) is located on both sides of the heat exchange chamber (3) of the battery module and is used to connect the upper coolant immersion chamber (4) and the lower coolant immersion chamber (5); One end of the liquid cooling plate (10) has a liquid inlet, and the other end has a liquid outlet. The liquid inlet is connected to the lower coolant immersion chamber (5), and the liquid outlet is connected to the upper coolant immersion chamber (4); The coolant in the liquid cooling plate (10) is the same as the coolant in the upper and lower coolant immersion chambers (5, 4).

9. The compact phase change material coupled heat pipe energy storage battery hybrid thermal management device according to claim 1, wherein The top and bottom of the housing of the heat exchange chamber (3) of the battery module are provided with a battery installation groove (1-1) and a fin groove (11-1), and the battery module (1) and the fin (11) are fixed in the heat exchange chamber (3) of the battery module through the battery installation groove (1-1) and the fin groove (11-1).

10. The compact phase change material coupled heat pipe energy storage battery hybrid thermal management device according to claim 1, wherein The phase change material (8) is a flexible composite phase change material; The battery box housing includes a liquid inlet (2a) and a liquid outlet (2b) communicating with the upper coolant immersion chamber (4) and the lower coolant immersion chamber (5). The coolant flows into the lower coolant immersion chamber (5) from the liquid inlet (2a) and flows out from the liquid outlet (2b) through the upper coolant immersion chamber (4).

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