Seed-metering device of air-blowing and electrically-driven compound seeder

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the field of seed-metering devices, particularly relates to an air-blowing and electric-driven seed-metering device of a compound seeding machine, and aims to solve the problems that an existing spoon-type seed-metering device finger clamp seed-metering device cannot adapt to high-speed seeding, an air-blowing seed-metering device cannot be developed in China at present, all seeding machines corresponding to the first three seed-metering devices adopt a land wheel transmission technology, and the seeding efficiency is low. In order to solve the problem that land wheels are easy to slip if running at a high speed under high load or working land is wet and slippery, the utility model provides the following scheme that the seeding device comprises a seed box, a seeding wheel and a display mounted in a tractor cab, the seeding wheel can be mounted through a mounting mechanism, and the seed landing speed can be increased through an air blowing mechanism; according to the invention, a good seeding effect is achieved, the complexity, failure rate, cost and weight of a transmission system are reduced through centralized driving, the continuity of operation and the purchase cost of agricultural implements are ensured under the requirement of high-strength operation, all seeding trays can be replaced once, and the working efficiency is high when crops are switched.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of seed metering devices, in particular to a seed metering device for an air-blowing and electric-driven combined seeder. Background Art

[0002] The seed metering device of a seeder is a key component in a seeder, mainly used for arranging and planting seeds into the soil at a certain spacing and depth. The existing seed metering devices are divided into four types. One is a spoon-type seed metering device, one is a finger-clamp seed metering device, one is a suction-type seed metering device, and one is an air-blowing seed metering device. The four different technologies have been gradually developed. Currently, the above four types of seed metering devices all belong to single-row sowing or double-row sowing. The more rows there are, the more seed metering devices are needed, resulting in a high manufacturing cost of the seeder. By replacing the seed metering disc, the above four types of seed metering devices can often be compatible with 2-3 types of seeds, and currently, they can only be used for hill-drop sowing operations. For more complex drill seeders, a structure with the same principle as a fertilizer box is more commonly used at present, and this structure usually also has one mechanism for each row.

[0003] The existing seed metering devices have the following deficiencies when in use:

[0004] The spoon-type seed metering device and the finger-clamp seed metering device cannot adapt to high-speed sowing. When the sowing operation speed exceeds a certain speed, under the action of centrifugal force, the situation of missing seeds and skipping sowing is serious, which seriously affects the sowing operation efficiency; the suction-type seed metering device has very high processing requirements for the structure body, requiring extremely high processing flatness accuracy, high position tolerance of the rotating body, and high wear resistance of the material. Currently, domestic products with high precision and durability cannot be developed; the air-blowing seed metering device cannot be developed in China at present. The technology is generally mastered by foreign advanced agricultural machinery countries or foreign companies, and the selling price is high. Only large farms and agricultural reclamation areas can purchase and use it. The seeders corresponding to the first three types of seed metering devices all adopt ground wheel drive technology. If the ground wheel runs at a high speed or the operating land is wet and slippery under high load, it is easy to slip, resulting in a lack of driving power for the seed metering device and thus affecting the sowing quality. Summary of the Utility Model

[0005] The object of the present utility model is to solve the problems existing in the prior art that the spoon-type seed metering device and the finger-type seed metering device cannot adapt to high-speed seeding. When the seeding operation speed exceeds a certain speed, under the action of centrifugal force, the situation of missing seeds and skipping seeding is serious, which seriously affects the seeding operation efficiency. The air-suction seed metering device has very high processing requirements for the structural body, requiring extremely high processing plane accuracy, high position tolerance of the rotating body, and high wear resistance of the material. At present, domestic enterprises are still unable to develop products with high precision and durability. The air-blowing seed metering device cannot be developed in China at present. The technology is generally mastered by foreign advanced agricultural machinery countries or foreign companies, and the selling price is high. Only large farms and state farms can purchase and use it. The seeding machines corresponding to the first three types of seed metering devices all adopt ground wheel drive technology. If the ground wheel runs at high speed or the operating land is wet and slippery under high load, it is easy to slip, resulting in a lack of power for the seed metering device to rotate and thus affecting the seeding quality. Therefore, the air-blowing and electric-driven composite seeding machine seed metering device is proposed.

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the present utility model adopts the following technical solutions:

[0007] The air-blowing and electric-driven composite seeding machine seed metering device includes a seed box, a seed metering wheel, and a display installed in the cab of the tractor. One side of the seed box is fixed with a cover body by bolts. One side of the seed box is fixedly provided with a mounting frame. One side of the mounting frame is fixedly provided with a motor. The output end of the motor is fixedly provided with a first synchronous pulley. One side of the seed box is fixed with a seed wheel bin by bolts. The seed wheel bin is communicated with the seed box. One side of the seed box is fixedly provided with a motor controller and a main controller. One side of the seed box is fixedly provided with a speed measurement radar for measuring speed.

[0008] The installation mechanism is arranged on the seed box for installing the seed metering wheel.

[0009] The blowing mechanism is arranged on the seed wheel bin for blowing the seeds discharged by the seed metering wheel to accelerate the seed landing speed.

[0010] In a possible design, the installation mechanism includes a first mounting seat, a second mounting seat, and a third synchronous pulley. One side of the seed box is provided with a through hole for facilitating the insertion of the seed metering wheel into the seed wheel bin. The first mounting seat is fixed on the seed box by bolts. One end of the seed metering wheel is rotatably connected to one side of the first mounting seat. The other side of the second mounting seat is fixed on the other side of the seed box by bolts. One side of the seed box is provided with a round hole for facilitating the passing through of the other end of the seed metering wheel. A rotating rod is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the second mounting seat. Both ends of the seed metering wheel are of a square structure. One end of the rotating rod is provided with a square groove. One end of the seed metering wheel is inserted into the square groove. The third synchronous pulley is fixedly sleeved on the rotating rod.

[0011] In a possible design, the blowing mechanism includes two blowers and a wind guide chamber. One side of the wind guide chamber is fixedly connected and communicated with one side of the seed wheel chamber. The air outlets of the two blowers are fixedly connected and communicated with one side of the wind guide chamber.

[0012] In a possible design, a screw conveyor for agitating seeds is rotatably connected to the inner wall of one side of the seed box. The other end of the screw conveyor penetrates through one side of the seed box. A second synchronous wheel is fixedly sleeved on one end of the screw conveyor. The second synchronous wheel, the first synchronous wheel and the third synchronous wheel are connected by the same synchronous belt.

[0013] In a possible design, a monitoring sensor for monitoring the seeds in the seed box is fixedly arranged on one side of the bottom of the seed box. The detection end of the monitoring sensor penetrates into the seed box.

[0014] In a possible design, a monitoring probe for monitoring the discharge of seeds is fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the discharging end of the seed wheel chamber.

[0015] In this application, when installing the seed metering wheel, one end of the seed metering wheel is inserted into the seed wheel bin through a through hole, and the end of the square structure of the seed metering wheel is inserted into the square groove of the rotating rod. Then, the first mounting seat is installed in the seed box through bolts. Then, seeds are added to the seed box. The motor is started, and the rotation of the output end of the motor drives the first synchronous wheel to start rotating. The second synchronous wheel and the third synchronous wheel are driven to rotate synchronously through the synchronous belt. The rotation of the second synchronous wheel drives the auger to rotate in the seed box to agitate the seeds, so as to facilitate the seeds to enter the seed wheel bin. The third synchronous wheel drives the rotation of the rotating rod and the seed metering wheel. When the hole of the seed metering wheel rotates to the seed filling area, the seeds are automatically filled into the holes. Subsequently, the seed metering wheel continues to rotate, and the holes carry the seeds to the seed discharging area. At this time, the blower is started to blow air into the air guiding bin and blow it to the seeds below the seed metering wheel through the air guiding bin to accelerate the seed landing speed. The seeds are continuously sown in a certain quantity (one by one or several or a certain quantity) through the drive of the seed metering wheel, and enter the seed discharging end of the seed wheel bin through the high-pressure air (the blower is a high-pressure blower) blown by the air guiding bin. The high-intensity wind energy forces the seeds to move quickly and regularly in the seed guiding pipe, and the seeds fall into the soil in an accelerated form under the transportation of the strong wind, so as to obtain a good sowing effect. The seed metering wheel is composed of multiple sowing disks to form a seed metering wheel, which reduces the complexity, failure rate, cost and weight of the transmission system through centralized drive, ensures the continuity of operation and the purchase cost of agricultural machinery under high-intensity operation requirements. The speed is collected by a radar (speed measuring radar) (the ground wheel can also be used for low-end requirements). The collected speed signal is converted into a speed signal by the main control system and then becomes an electric signal of the drive motor through the processing of the main control system software. This speed collection and drive method can greatly improve the accuracy of operation speed collection, greatly reduce the path and structure of the transmission system, and achieve the purpose of increasing reliability. The centralized seed supply reduces the need for the operator to add seeds over a long distance during operation. The seed box can be isolated by a partition. The manufacturing cost of the split type is reduced by combining the seed boxes. At the same time, by cloning the same seed metering structure, one seed box can sow more than two kinds of seeds or a form of one fertilizer and one kind of seed at the same time, so as to achieve the combined use of seed and fertilizer. By replacing the seed metering wheels with different functions, it can meet the operation requirements of different sizes of seeds and crops, and can meet the requirements of hill dropping and drilling. By installing a monitoring sensor in the seed box, the quantity of seeds in the seed box can be monitored in real time. By combining agronomic requirements, the time for the next addition of seeds or fertilizer can be predicted, reducing the sudden lack of seeds and fertilizer during operation by the operator and improving the operation efficiency. By installing a monitoring probe on the inner wall of the seed discharging end of the seed wheel bin, it can meet the three situations of missing sowing, re-sowing and blockage. The monitoring probe will output the collected signal to the controller, and the main controller will inform the operator through the human-machine interface (display) through graphics (vision) and sound (hearing), so that the operator can master the sowing operation situation in real time and eliminate abnormalities in time to improve the operation quality. All the sowing disks can be replaced at one time,High working efficiency when switching crops. The monitoring probe is an infrared scanning probe for monitoring the seeder. The monitoring infrared scanning probe is divided into a UV emitter and a UV receiver (the UV emitter and the UV receiver are installed on the inner walls on both sides at one end of the seed metering of the seed wheel bin). The monitoring infrared scanning probe has a certain light intensity. If there is something in the middle and it passes through, it is the light field between the two lights, and the signal in contact with it will change. This change will be converted into a voltage signal, and it will generate a voltage signal of 0-5 volts.

[0016] The beneficial effects in the present utility model are as follows:

[0017] In the present utility model, for the seed metering device of the air-blowing and electric-driven combined seeder, through the installation mechanism, one end of the seed metering wheel is inserted into the seed wheel bin through the through hole, and the end with a square structure of the seed metering wheel is inserted into the square groove of the rotating rod, and then the first mounting seat is installed in the seed box through bolts, so as to install the seed metering wheel.

[0018] In the present utility model, for the seed metering device of the air-blowing and electric-driven combined seeder, through the air-blowing mechanism, start the fan, blow the air into the air guiding bin, and blow the air through the air guiding bin to the seeds below the seed metering wheel to accelerate the seed landing speed. The seeds are continuously sown in a certain quantity (one by one, several, or a certain quantity) by the drive of the seed metering wheel, and are blown into the seed metering end of the seed wheel bin through the high-pressure air in the air guiding bin (the fan is a high-pressure fan). The high-intensity wind energy forces the seeds to move quickly and regularly in the seed guiding pipe, and the seeds fall into the soil in an accelerated form under the transportation of the strong wind, so as to obtain a good sowing effect.

[0019] In the present utility model, the seed metering wheel can be installed through the installation mechanism, the seed landing speed can be accelerated through the air-blowing mechanism to obtain a good sowing effect, and the complexity, failure rate, cost, and weight of the transmission system can be reduced through centralized drive. Under the high-intensity operation requirements, the continuity of the operation and the purchase cost of the agricultural machinery are guaranteed. All the sowing disks can be replaced at one time, and the working efficiency is high when switching crops. Description of the Drawings

[0020] Figure 1 It is the front view structural schematic diagram of the seed metering device of the air-blowing and electric-driven combined seeder proposed by the present utility model;

[0021] Figure 2 It is the side view structural schematic diagram of the seed metering device of the air-blowing and electric-driven combined seeder proposed by the present utility model;

[0022] Figure 3 It is the structural schematic diagram of the seed metering device of the air-blowing and electric-driven combined seeder proposed by the present utility model without the installed cover body;

[0023] Figure 4Schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of the mounting frame of the seed metering device of the pneumatic-electric drive compound seeder proposed by the present utility model;

[0024] Figure 5 Schematic top view structure diagram of the seed metering device of the pneumatic-electric drive compound seeder proposed by the present utility model;

[0025] Figure 6 Schematic first part structure diagram of the seed metering device of the pneumatic-electric drive compound seeder proposed by the present utility model;

[0026] Figure 7 Schematic second part structure diagram of the seed metering device of the pneumatic-electric drive compound seeder proposed by the present utility model.

[0027] In the figure: 1, seed box; 2, cover body; 3, first mounting seat; 4, fan; 5, air guide bin; 6, seed wheel bin; 7, main controller; 8, motor; 9, first synchronous pulley; 10, mounting frame; 11, second synchronous pulley; 12, third synchronous pulley; 13, motor controller; 14, seed metering wheel; 15, auger; 16, monitoring sensor; 17, speed measuring radar. Specific embodiments

[0028] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present utility model, rather than all the embodiments.

[0029] Embodiment 1

[0030] Refer to Figures 1-7 , the seed metering device of the pneumatic-electric drive compound seeder, which is applied in the field of seed metering devices, includes: seed box 1, seed metering wheel 14, a display installed in the cab of the tractor, cover body 2, mounting frame 10, motor 8, first synchronous pulley 9, seed wheel bin 6, motor controller 13, main controller 7, speed measuring radar 17, mounting mechanism, blowing mechanism, etc. The seed box 1 is used to store seeds, and a cover body 2 is fixed on one side of it by bolts to facilitate the maintenance and inspection of the situation inside the seed box 1. The mounting frame 10 is fixed on one side of the seed box 1 and is used to support and fix components such as the motor 8. The motor 8 is fixed on the seed box 1 through the mounting frame 10, and a first synchronous pulley 9 is fixed to its output end to drive the entire seed metering system. The seed wheel bin 6 is connected to the seed box 1 and is used to install the seed metering wheel 14 and guide the seeds into the seed metering process. The motor controller 13 and the main controller 7 are respectively used to control the start and stop of the motor and the operating state of the entire seed metering device. The speed measuring radar 17 is installed on the seed box 1 and is used to monitor the sowing speed to ensure the uniformity and accuracy of sowing.

[0031] The installation mechanism consists of a first mounting seat 3, a second mounting seat, and a third synchronous pulley 12. The first mounting seat 3 is fixed to the seed box 1 by bolts. One end of the seed metering wheel 14 is rotatably connected to one side of the first mounting seat 3 to achieve the preliminary positioning of the seed metering wheel 14. The second mounting seat is fixed to the other side of the seed box 1 by bolts on one side. A round hole is provided on one side of the seed box 1 to facilitate the other end of the seed metering wheel 14 to pass through. A rotating rod is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the second mounting seat. A square groove is provided at one end of the rotating rod. Both ends of the seed metering wheel 14 are square structures and are inserted into the square groove of the rotating rod to achieve the stable installation of the seed metering wheel 14. The third synchronous pulley 12 is fixedly sleeved on the rotating rod and is connected to the first synchronous pulley 9 by a synchronous belt to ensure the synchronous rotation of the seed metering wheel 14 and the motor.

[0032] The blowing mechanism consists of two blowers 4 and a wind guiding bin 5. One side of the wind guiding bin 5 is fixedly connected and communicated with one side of the seed wheel bin 6 for guiding the air flow of the blower 4. The air outlets of the blowers 4 are fixedly connected and communicated with one side of the wind guiding bin 5. When the blowers 4 are started, the air flow blows through the wind guiding bin 5 to the seeds below the seed metering wheel 14, accelerating the falling speed of the seeds.

[0033] Embodiment 2

[0034] Reference Figures 1-7 , improved on the basis of Embodiment 1:

[0035] A screw conveyor 15 is rotatably connected to the inner wall of one side of the seed box 1, and the other end thereof penetrates through one side of the seed box 1. A second synchronous pulley 11 is fixedly sleeved at one end of the screw conveyor 15. The second synchronous pulley 11, the first synchronous pulley 9, and the third synchronous pulley 12 are connected by the same synchronous belt. When the motor 8 rotates, the synchronous belt drives the screw conveyor 15 to rotate, agitating and conveying the seeds in the seed box 1 to make the seeds evenly enter the seed wheel bin 6.

[0036] A monitoring sensor 16 is fixedly arranged on one side of the bottom of the seed box 1, and its detection end penetrates into the seed box 1 to monitor the quantity of seeds in the seed box 1 in real time and feed back the information to the main controller 7.

[0037] A monitoring probe is fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the seed discharging end of the seed wheel bin 6 for monitoring the seed discharging process to ensure the stability and accuracy of seed discharging.

[0038] Embodiment 3

[0039] Partition boards can be installed in the seed box 1 for separation, and multiple groups of seed metering wheels 14 can be installed. When installing multiple groups of seed metering wheels 14, components such as the motor 8, the seed wheel bin 6, the blowers 4, and the wind guiding bin 5 should be the same as those of the first group. By cloning the same seed metering structure, one seed box 1 can simultaneously sow more than two kinds of seeds or in the form of one fertilizer and one kind of seed, so as to achieve the combined use of seed and fertilizer.

[0040] Among them, the model of the monitoring sensor 16 is a capacitive proximity switch Hugong LJC18A3-B-Z / AX (NPN normally closed), the specification of the speed measurement radar 17 is PARKER0 brand, model 740059ECD, and the monitoring probe is a monitoring infrared scanning probe. Since the monitoring sensor 16, the speed measurement radar 17, the monitoring probe, the fan 4, the motor 8, the motor controller, the main controller and the display are all prior arts, and their working principles belong to common knowledge, they will not be elaborated here. The model specifications of the monitoring sensor 16, the speed measurement radar 17, the monitoring probe, the fan 4, the motor, the motor controller, the main controller and the display can also be selected according to needs.

[0041] However, as is well known to those skilled in the art, the working principles and wiring methods of the monitoring sensor 16, the speed measurement radar 17, the monitoring probe, the fan 4, the motor 8, the motor controller, the main controller and the display are common knowledge, and they all belong to conventional means or well-known common knowledge, so they will not be elaborated here. Those skilled in the art can make arbitrary selections according to their needs or convenience.

[0042] The above are only the preferred specific embodiments of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, according to the technical solution and the inventive concept of the present invention, makes equivalent substitutions or changes, and should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. Air-blowing and electric-driven combined seeder metering device, comprising a seed box (1), a metering wheel (14) and a display installed in the tractor cab, characterized in that, A cover body (2) is fixed to one side of the seed box (1) by bolts, a mounting frame (10) is fixedly provided on one side of the seed box (1), a motor (8) is fixedly provided on one side of the mounting frame (10), a first synchronous wheel (9) is fixedly provided at the output end of the motor (8), a seed wheel bin (6) is fixed to one side of the seed box (1) by bolts, the seed wheel bin (6) is connected to the seed box (1), a motor controller (13) and a main controller (7) are fixedly provided on one side of the seed box (1), and a speed radar (17) for speed measurement is fixedly provided on one side of the seed box (1); A mounting mechanism, the mounting mechanism being arranged on the seed box (1) and used for mounting the seed wheel (14); The blower mechanism is arranged on the seed wheel bin (6) and is used to blow air on the seeds discharged by the seed wheel (14) to accelerate the seed landing speed.

2. The metering device of the pneumatic and electric driven combined seeder according to claim 1, characterized in that, The mounting mechanism comprises a first mounting seat (3), a second mounting seat and a third synchronous wheel (12); a through hole is provided on one side of the seed box (1) for facilitating the insertion of the seed wheel (14) into the seed wheel bin (6); the first mounting seat (3) is fixed to the seed box (1) by bolts; one end of the seed wheel (14) is rotatably connected to one side of the first mounting seat (3); one side of the second mounting seat is fixed to the other side of the seed box (1) by bolts; a round hole is provided on one side of the seed box (1) for facilitating the insertion of the other end of the seed wheel (14); a rotating rod is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the second mounting seat; the two ends of the seed wheel (14) are square structures; one end of the rotating rod is provided with a square groove; one end of the seed wheel (14) is inserted into the square groove; and the third synchronous wheel (12) is fixedly sleeved on the rotating rod.

3. The seed metering device of the air-blowing electric-driven combined seeder according to claim 1, characterized in that The air blowing mechanism comprises two fans (4) and an air guide bin (5); one side of the air guide bin (5) is fixedly connected and communicated with one side of the seed wheel bin (6); and the air outlets of the two fans (4) are fixedly connected and communicated with one side of the air guide bin (5).

4. The metering device of the air-blowing and electric-driven combined seeder according to claim 1, wherein An auger (15) for stirring the seeds is rotatably connected to the inner wall of one side of the seed box (1); the other end of the auger (15) passes through one side of the seed box (1); one end of the auger (15) is fixedly sleeved with a second synchronous wheel (11); the second synchronous wheel (11), the first synchronous wheel (9) and the third synchronous wheel (12) are transmission-connected by the same synchronous belt.

5. The metering device of the pneumatic-electric driven combined seeder according to claim 1, characterized in that, A monitoring sensor (16) for monitoring the seeds in the seed box (1) is fixedly arranged on one side of the bottom of the seed box (1), and a detection end of the monitoring sensor (16) penetrates into the seed box (1).

6. The metering device of the pneumatic and electric drive combined seeder according to claim 1, characterized in that, A monitoring probe for monitoring seed discharge is fixedly arranged on the inner wall of one end of the seed wheel bin (6) for discharging seeds.

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