Improved biliary tract lithotripsy mesh basket

Abstract

The utility model provides an improved biliary tract lithotripsy mesh basket which comprises a catheter and a mesh basket body, the mesh basket body is composed of three or four guide wires, the guide wires are arranged in the catheter in a penetrating mode, the mesh basket body comprises an end mechanism, and the end mechanism comprises an end, a lithotripsy column and a fixing sleeve; the gravel column is sleeved with the fixing sleeve, and the gravel column and the fixing sleeve are coaxially fixed to the rear end of the end; guide wire grooves are formed in the outer side wall of the gravel column, each guide wire corresponds to one guide wire groove, and the front end of any guide wire penetrates through the corresponding guide wire groove in the axial direction and then is fixedly connected with the end head. The mesh baskets comprise a first mesh basket and a second mesh basket; the end mechanism is arranged at the front end of the first mesh basket, and the second mesh basket is arranged behind the first mesh basket; and the gravel column is arranged in the first mesh basket. Hard stones can be broken more easily, meanwhile, a gravel column is protected and isolated, so that the gravel column is more difficult to make contact with the inner wall of the biliary tract, the gravel column is prevented from scratching or hooking the inner wall of the biliary tract, and safety is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the field of human necessities of life, in particular to medical auxiliary equipment, and particularly to an improved biliary lithotripsy basket. Background Art

[0002] Intrahepatic and extrahepatic bile duct stones are common and frequently-occurring diseases. Stones in the common bile duct can cause biliary obstruction, secondary jaundice, cholangitis or even pancreatitis, endangering life. Laparoscopic minimally invasive biliary surgery is a common solution, which uses a laparoscope in cooperation with a biliary lithotripsy basket to penetrate deep into the bile duct for stone removal. The biliary lithotripsy basket consists of a catheter and several guide wires threaded through the catheter. The front part of the guide wire has been pre-bent. After the guide wire leaves the catheter, the guide wire will elastically deform according to the pre-bent shape, causing several guide wires to expand into a basket shape to capture the stones in the bile duct and remove the stones from the bile duct.

[0003] However, about 10 - 15% of bile duct stones cannot be successfully removed by traditional surgery and are considered difficult bile duct stones, including situations such as the stone being too large, the stone being incarcerated, located in a special position, residual after surgery, and stenosis of the distal bile duct of the stone. In such cases, a special lithotripsy basket (such as the Boston Scientific Trapezoid RX series and supporting devices) can be used to mechanically crush the stone by tightening the stone and then remove it.

[0004] However, this kind of lithotripsy basket still has the following defects:

[0005] 1. After the stone enters the basket, the guide wire is retracted to contract the basket, and the guide wire tightens the stone, and the stone is crushed by mechanical extrusion. However, it is difficult to crush harder stones; to crush such harder stones, an additional greater force often needs to be applied, and the catheter is likely to shake during the process, which may cause damage to the bile duct wall.

[0006] 2. When the lithotripsy basket is squeezing, it is sleeved around the stone and squeezes inward evenly. The stones crushed by extrusion will form a large number of small particles or powders, and these small particles or powders cannot be completely removed through the basket. Clinically, diuretic and stranguria-relieving drugs are usually selected to be excreted together with the urine of the human body. However, during the excretion process of small particle stones, the bile duct may be blocked, causing severe cholangitis or pancreatitis. Content of the Utility Model

[0007] The purpose of the utility model is to provide an improved biliary lithotripsy basket, and the improved biliary lithotripsy basket is to solve the technical problems in the prior art that it is difficult to crush harder stones and the volume of the stones crushed by extrusion is too small.

[0008] An improved biliary lithotripsy basket, comprising a catheter and a basket. The basket is composed of three or four guide wires, and the guide wires are arranged inside the catheter. It includes an end mechanism, and the end mechanism includes a tip, a lithotripsy column, and a fixing sleeve; the fixing sleeve is sleeved outside the lithotripsy column, and both the lithotripsy column and the fixing sleeve are coaxially fixed at the rear end of the tip. The length of the lithotripsy column is greater than the length of the fixing sleeve; guide wire grooves corresponding to the number of guide wires and extending axially are formed on the outer side wall of the lithotripsy column. Each guide wire corresponds to one of the guide wire grooves, and the front end of any one of the guide wires passes through the corresponding guide wire groove axially and is fixedly connected to the tip; the basket includes a first basket and a second basket. Each of the guide wires includes a first guide wire segment and a second guide wire segment respectively. The second guide wire segment is located behind the first guide wire segment. The first basket is formed by bending the first guide wire segment, and the second basket is formed by bending the second guide wire segment. The first guide wire segment and the second guide wire segment are connected to each other through a bending part; the end mechanism is arranged at the front end of the first basket, and the second basket is arranged behind the first basket; the lithotripsy column is arranged inside the first basket.

[0009] Further, the guide wire grooves are evenly distributed around the axis of the lithotripsy column.

[0010] Further, the end face of the lithotripsy column away from the tip is an arc surface.

[0011] Further, the outer diameter of the fixing sleeve is smaller than the inner diameter of the catheter.

[0012] Further, the volume of the first basket is smaller than the volume of the second basket.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the effects of the present utility model are positive and obvious:

[0014] 1. After the basket shrinks, the lithotripsy column of the present utility model contacts the front end of the stone. The lithotripsy column focuses on one point of the stone and applies force in a single direction to break it, so that harder stones can be broken more easily.

[0015] 2. The way the lithotripsy column of the present utility model breaks the stone is to apply force to a single point of the stone to break it. Compared with the way of wrapping and squeezing the stone by the guide wire in the prior art, larger pieces of fragments are more likely to be retained after the stone is broken. Compared with the way of squeezing and crushing, it is less likely to produce small particles or powdery stones, thereby reducing the probability of these small particle stones blocking the bile duct and causing cholangitis or pancreatitis.

[0016] 3. The basket of the present utility model includes a first basket and a second basket. The lithotripsy column is protected and isolated by the first basket, making it more difficult to contact the inner wall of the bile duct, avoiding scratching or hooking the inner wall of the bile duct by the lithotripsy column, and further improving safety. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0017] Figure 1 . Schematic structural diagram of an embodiment in the present utility model.

[0018] Figure 2 . Schematic diagram of the expanded state of the wire basket in an embodiment of the present utility model.

[0019] Figure 3 . Schematic diagram of the semi-expanded state of the wire basket in an embodiment of the present utility model.

[0020] Figure 4 . Schematic diagram of the retracted state of the wire basket in an embodiment of the present utility model.

[0021] Figure 5 . Partially enlarged schematic diagram of the end mechanism in an embodiment of the present utility model.

[0022] Figure 6 . Schematic sectional structure diagram of the end mechanism in an embodiment of the present utility model.

[0023] Figure 7 . Schematic diagram of the use of the retracted state of the wire basket in an embodiment of the present utility model.

[0024] Figure 8 . Schematic diagram of the use of the expanded state of the wire basket in an embodiment of the present utility model.

[0025] In the figure: 1. End mechanism; 101. End head; 102. Gravel column; 103. Wire guide groove; 104. Fixed sleeve; 2. Wire guide; 201. First wire basket; 202. Second wire basket; 203. Bending part; 3. Catheter; 4. Gallstone; 5. Control handle; 501. Fixed ring; 502. Handle body; 503. Traction rod; 504. Traction ring. Detailed Description of the Preferred Embodiments

[0026] The following embodiments will further illustrate the present utility model, but do not limit the present utility model thereby.

[0027] As Figures 1 to 4 shown, the biliary lithotripsy wire basket of this embodiment includes a catheter 3 and a wire basket. The wire basket in this embodiment is composed of three or four wire guides 2 evenly distributed around the axis of the catheter 3. Four wire guides 2 are preferably used in this embodiment, so that the gap between adjacent wire guides 2 is smaller and it is easier to capture stones; the wire guides 2 constituting the wire basket are arranged in the catheter 3.

[0028] The guide wires 2 that make up the wire basket are usually made of metal. During processing, multiple guide wires 2 are pre-bent and then combined with each other to form a cage-shaped wire basket, and the front ends of these guide wires 2 are bundled and fixed. Any one of the guide wires 2 has its own pre-bending direction, so that the guide wires 2 enclose the required wire basket shape.

[0029] When the wire basket is in the retracted state, the guide wires 2 are elastically deformed into straight lines and then bundled in the catheter 3; when the wire basket is in the deployed state, the guide wires 2 are restored to the pre-bent curved shape by elastic force to form a cage-shaped wire basket. The structure of the wire basket is the same as that of the stone extraction / lithotripsy wire basket in the prior art. Those skilled in the art should understand that the principle and technical details will not be elaborated here. Through the above-mentioned wire basket structure, the catheter 3 can enter the biliary tract through the narrow bile duct orifice, and the wire basket can be deployed in the biliary tract by pushing the guide wires 2 out from the front end of the catheter 3. The deployed wire basket can snare and capture stones. After the wire basket captures the stones, the guide wires 2 are withdrawn to make the wire basket contract and wrap the stones, and then the stones are dragged out from the biliary tract.

[0030] However, some stones cannot be directly taken out from the bile duct orifice due to reasons such as too large volume or special shape. In this case, the lithotripsy wire basket in this embodiment can be used to mechanically break the stones and then take them out.

[0031] Such as Figure 5 、 Figure 6 As shown, the lithotripsy wire basket in this embodiment includes a metal end mechanism 1. The end mechanism 1 includes a head 101, a lithotripsy column 102, and a fixing sleeve 104; the fixing sleeve 104 is sleeved outside the lithotripsy column 102. The front ends of the lithotripsy column 102 and the fixing sleeve 104 are coaxially fixed to the rear end of the head 101, and the length of the lithotripsy column 102 is greater than the length of the fixing sleeve 104.

[0032] After the wire basket contracts and wraps the stones, the rear end of the lithotripsy column 102 contacts the front end of the stones. The operator pulls the guide wires 2 to make the wire basket retract backward, and the lithotripsy column 102 retracts backward to continuously apply force to the stones until the stones are broken, achieving the effect of lithotripsy.

[0033] The way the lithotripsy column 102 breaks the stones is to concentrate the force on one point of the stones and apply force in a single direction to break them. Compared with the way of wrapping and squeezing the stones by the guide wires 2 in the prior art, the lithotripsy column 102 can more easily break harder stones. At the same time, after the lithotripsy column 102 breaks the stones, it is easier to retain relatively large stone fragments and less likely to produce small particles or powdery stones, thereby reducing the probability of these small particle stones blocking the bile duct and causing cholangitis or pancreatitis.

[0034] The rear end face of the gravel column 102 (i.e., the contact end of the gravel column 102 with the calculus) is an arc surface. The interior of the human biliary tract is soft and fragile, and the end of the gravel column 102 should not adopt a too sharp shape. The arc surface structure of the rear end face of the gravel column 102 can not only effectively break the calculus, but also avoid scratching or hooking the inner wall of the biliary tract.

[0035] On the outer side wall of the gravel column 102, wire grooves 103 corresponding to the number of guide wires 2 and extending axially are provided, and the wire grooves 103 are evenly distributed around the axis of the gravel column 102. Each guide wire 2 corresponds to one wire groove 103 respectively. The front end of any one guide wire 2 axially passes through the corresponding wire groove 103 and is welded to the end head 101. When the guide wires 2 are retracted into the catheter 3, the four guide wires 2 are respectively embedded in the four wire grooves 103, so that the gravel column 102 is located between the four guide wires 2 and is retracted into the catheter 3 together, effectively reducing the storage area. The outer diameter of the fixing sleeve 104 is smaller than the inner diameter of the catheter 3, so that the fixing sleeve 104 can also be retracted into the catheter 3. In the state of the basket being stored, the guide wires 2, the gravel column 102, and the fixing sleeve 104 are all located in the catheter 3, and the end head 101 is located outside the catheter 3. The end head 101 is a frustum of a cone, and the maximum diameter of the frustum is larger than the inner diameter of the catheter 3 to prevent the end head from retracting into the catheter 3; the front end of the catheter 3 and the end head 101 enter the bile duct orifice together.

[0036] The basket includes a first basket 201 and a second basket 202. Each guide wire 2 includes a first guide wire segment and a second guide wire segment respectively. The second guide wire segment is located behind the first guide wire segment. The first basket 201 is formed by bending the first guide wire segment, and the second basket 202 is formed by bending the second guide wire segment. The first guide wire segment and the second guide wire segment are connected to each other through a bending part 203; the first basket 201 is used to protect the gravel column 102, and the second basket 202 is used to capture the gallstone 4. The volume of the first basket cavity is smaller than the volume of the second basket cavity.

[0037] All the guide wires 2 at the two ends of the first basket 201 and the two ends of the second basket 202 are mutually converged and gathered, and all the guide wires 2 at the middle positions of the first basket 201 and the second basket 202 are far away from each other, thus forming the shapes of the two baskets; the end mechanism 1 is arranged at the front end of the first basket 201, and the gravel column 102 is located in the first basket 201, so that the gravel column 102 is protected and isolated by the first basket 201, making it more difficult to contact the inner wall of the biliary tract, avoiding the gravel column 102 from scratching or hooking the inner wall of the biliary tract, and further improving the safety.

[0038] During normal stone removal, the second basket 202 captures the gallstone 4 and gathers it to remove the gallstone 4; when lithotripsy is required, the traction ring 504 can be pulled to further withdraw the guide wire 2, and the gallstone 4 moves from the second basket 202 to the first basket 201. When the gallstone 4 passes through the connection between the first basket 201 and the second basket 202 (i.e., the bending portion 203), the guide wire 2 at the connection is stretched to expand, and then the front end of the gallstone 4 enters the first basket 201, so that the stone crushing column 102 contacts the gallstone 4 and then crushes the stone.

[0039] like Figure 7 , Figure 8 As shown, this embodiment can be used together with the control handle 5, and the structure of the control handle 5 adopts the existing technology. In this embodiment, the control handle 5 includes a handle body 502, a traction rod 503, a traction ring 504, and two fixing rings 501. The handle body 502 includes an inner cavity that passes through the front and back, and the rear end of the catheter 3 is fixed to the front end of the handle body 502; the fixing ring 501 is fixedly connected to both sides of the handle body 502, so that it is convenient for fingers to fix the handle body 502 and apply force to the traction ring 504; the inner cavity of the handle body 502 is penetrated by a traction rod 503, and the traction rod 503 is slidably connected to the inner cavity of the handle body 502, the front end of the traction rod 503 is fixedly connected to the rear end of the guide wire 2, and the rear end of the traction rod 503 is fixedly connected to the traction ring 504, and the traction ring 504 can be pushed and pulled to drive the guide wire 2 to move in the catheter 3 through the traction rod 503, thereby achieving the effect of controlling the basket to extend and retract from the front end of the catheter 3.

[0040] Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. An improved biliary lithotripsy basket, comprising a catheter (3) and a basket. The basket is composed of three or four guide wires (2), and the guide wires (2) are arranged in the catheter (3). It is characterized in that: It includes an end mechanism (1). The end mechanism (1) includes a head (101), a lithotripsy column (102) and a fixing sleeve (104); the fixing sleeve (104) is sleeved outside the lithotripsy column (102), and both the lithotripsy column (102) and the fixing sleeve (104) are coaxially fixed at the rear end of the head (101), and the length of the lithotripsy column (102) is greater than the length of the fixing sleeve (104); On the outer side wall of the lithotripsy column (102), there are provided wire grooves (103) corresponding to the number of the guide wires (2) and extending along the axial direction. Each guide wire (2) corresponds to one wire groove (103), and the front end of any one guide wire (2) axially passes through the corresponding wire groove (103) and is fixedly connected to the head (101); The basket includes a first basket (201) and a second basket (202). Each of the guide wires (2) includes a first wire segment and a second wire segment. The second wire segment is located behind the first wire segment. The first basket (201) is formed by bending the first wire segment, and the second basket (202) is formed by bending the second wire segment. The first wire segment and the second wire segment are connected to each other through a bending part (203); The end mechanism (1) is arranged at the front end of the first basket (201), and the second basket (202) is arranged behind the first basket (201); the lithotripsy column (102) is arranged inside the first basket (201).

2. The improved biliary lithotripsy basket according to claim 1, characterized in that: The wire grooves (103) are evenly distributed around the axis of the lithotripsy column (102).

3. The improved biliary lithotripsy basket according to claim 1, characterized in that: The end face of the lithotripsy column (102) away from the head (101) is an arc surface.

4. The improved biliary lithotripsy basket according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer diameter of the fixing sleeve (104) is smaller than the inner diameter of the catheter (3).

5. The improved biliary lithotripsy basket according to claim 1, characterized in that: The volume of the first basket (201) is smaller than the volume of the second basket (202).

Images