Shrinkage-proof device for casting large castings
By setting up heat dissipation components and vibration components in the casting device, and using the combination of heat dissipation rods and vibration components, the directional solidification of the center of large castings and the rapid flow of liquid metal is achieved, which solves the problem of shrinkage defects in the casting process of large castings and improves product quality.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202422332706.X
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-09-24
- Publication Date
- 2025-07-22
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-09-24
AI Technical Summary
During the casting process of large castings, the cooling rate of the central part is slower than that of the peripheral part, which makes it difficult to avoid shrinkage defects, especially the lower part of the central part, which is difficult to effectively prevent in the prior art.
The heat dissipation assembly and a vibration assembly are arranged in the sand box of the casting device, and the heat dissipation rod is used for directional solidification. The cold air is sent into the central part to accelerate the cooling of the central part through the inner tube of the heat dissipation rod, and the vibration assembly and elastic seat assembly are combined to promote the flow of liquid metal to exhaust and compact.
Through directional solidification and vibration treatment, the cooling rate of the center of large castings is significantly improved, the shrinkage defects are prevented, and the product quality is improved.
Smart Images
Figure CN223129273U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model relates to the field of casting equipment, in particular to a shrinkage porosity prevention device for casting large castings. Background Art
[0002] Shrinkage porosity defect is one of the casting defects. The shrinkage porosity defect generated during the casting process is likely to reduce the effective area of the casting and lower its density, thereby affecting the mechanical properties of the casting. In severe cases, it may even cause the casting to be scrapped. The main reason for the generation of shrinkage porosity is that during the casting and molding process, the cooling rate of the liquid metal near the surface of the cavity wall is higher than that of the central part, so that the outer layer solidifies first. When the outer layer solidifies into a shell shape and the central part is still in a liquid state, the gas inside is not easily discharged. When the central part gradually solidifies, the liquid level drops and the volume shrinks, forming internal shrinkage porosity or pores and other defects. For small castings, shrinkage porosity defects can be prevented by setting risers. However, for large castings, due to their large volume, the cooling rate of the central part is significantly slower than that of the peripheral part, and most of the risers are set above the casting. Although the shrinkage porosity in the upper half of the central part can be prevented by using the method of feeding slurry and exhausting gas through the riser, the shrinkage porosity defect in the lower half of the central part is difficult to avoid. In view of this, it is necessary to design a shrinkage porosity prevention device for large castings. How to make the cooling rate of the bottom of the central part of the large casting significantly higher than that of the peripheral part, and reduce the generation of shrinkage porosity defects by preferentially solidifying and exhausting gas in the lower half of the central part through directional solidification is the problem to be solved in this case. Summary of the Utility Model
[0003] To overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, the utility model discloses a shrinkage porosity prevention device for casting large castings, which includes a heat dissipation component, an elastic seat component and a vibration component. The heat dissipation component is provided with a number of heat dissipation rods that can conduct ventilation and heat exchange. The number of heat dissipation rods are dispersedly placed at the lower part of the central part in the sand box and buried in the molding sand for casting. The elastic seat component with an elastic sliding seat is placed at the bottom of the sand box. The vibration component is placed on the top of the sand box and can vibrate the sand box. In the shrinkage porosity prevention device for large castings of the utility model, a number of heat dissipation rods of the heat dissipation component are arranged at the lower part of the central part in the sand box, and the heat dissipation rods are buried in the molding sand for casting. The vibration component and the elastic seat component are respectively arranged on the top and bottom of the sand box. After cold air is sent into the inner tube of the heat dissipation rod, the heat of the molding sand at the bottom of the central part of the casting is quickly exchanged and discharged by the outer tube sleeved outside the inner tube, so that the cooling rate of the bottom of the central part of the large casting is significantly higher than that of the peripheral part, and the lower half of the central part solidifies and exhausts gas preferentially. By using the vibration component and the elastic seat component to vibrate the sand box, the flow of liquid metal is accelerated, which is beneficial to exhaust gas and tissue densification, thereby preventing shrinkage porosity defects during the casting of large castings and improving product quality.
[0004] To achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present utility model is as follows:
[0005] A shrinkage prevention device for casting large castings, characterized in that: it includes a heat dissipation component, an elastic seat component and a vibration component. The heat dissipation component is provided with a number of double-layer columnar heat dissipation members that can ventilate and exchange heat. The number of double-layer columnar heat dissipation members are dispersed at the lower part of the central part in the sand box and buried in the molding sand for casting, and can quickly dissipate heat from the bottom molding sand at the central part of the casting poured in the sand box. The elastic seat component is provided with a number of support members that can elastically slide, and is placed at the bottom of the sand box. The vibration component is placed at the top of the sand box and can vibrate the sand box.
[0006] The heat dissipation component includes heat dissipation rods, air ducts and a fan. The number of heat dissipation rods is several, and the several heat dissipation rods are dispersed and arranged at the lower part of the central part in the sand box. The several heat dissipation rods are all communicated with the air duct. The fan is communicated with the air duct by a flexible connecting pipe, and the fan can send air into the air duct.
[0007] The heat dissipation rod includes an outer tube and an inner tube. The outer tube is a hollow tube that can conduct heat, with the upper end closed and the lower end open. The outer tube is fixedly connected to the bottom wall of the sand box, and the open end at its lower end is exposed. The inner tube is a hollow tube with a flared upper end, and a number of ventilation holes are densely arranged on the wall of the flare. The inner tube is placed in the inner cavity of the outer tube, and the upper edge of the flare of the inner tube is fixedly connected to the inner cavity wall of the upper part of the outer tube. There are ventilation spaces between the flare of the inner tube and the top wall of the outer tube, and between the outer wall of the inner tube and the inner wall of the outer tube. The lower part of the inner tube extends beyond the open end of the outer tube to form an extended pipe section, and the lower end of the extended pipe section of the inner tube is fixedly connected to the air duct and communicated with the air duct.
[0008] The heat dissipation rod further includes a valve, and the valve is connected to the extended pipe section at the lower part of the inner tube.
[0009] Furthermore, the fan is a cold air fan.
[0010] The elastic seat component includes a seat plate and elastic sliding seats. The number of elastic sliding seats is several, and the several elastic sliding seats are dispersed above the seat plate.
[0011] The elastic sliding seat includes a sliding column, a sliding sleeve and a spring. The outer diameter of the sliding column matches the inner diameter of the sliding sleeve. The lower part of the sliding column is inserted into the sliding sleeve and can slide up and down in the sliding sleeve. The upper end of the sliding column is fixedly connected to the bottom of the sand box, the bottom of the sliding sleeve is fixedly connected to the seat plate, the spring is sleeved on the sliding column, the upper end of the spring abuts against the bottom of the sand box, and the lower end of the spring abuts against the upper end of the sliding sleeve.
[0012] Furthermore, the spring is a compression spring.
[0013] The described vibration assembly includes several vibration motors, and the several vibration motors are dispersedly and fixedly connected to the top of the sand box.
[0014] As can be seen from the above description, the advantages of a shrinkage porosity prevention device for casting large castings provided by the present utility model are as follows: several heat dissipation rods of a heat dissipation assembly are arranged at the lower part of the central part inside the sand box, the heat dissipation rods are buried in the molding sand for casting, and a vibration assembly and an elastic seat assembly are respectively arranged at the top and bottom of the sand box. First, cold air is sent into the inner tube of the heat dissipation rod, and then the outer tube sleeved outside the inner tube quickly exchanges heat with the heat of the molding sand at the bottom of the central part of the casting and discharges it, so that the cooling speed of the bottom of the central part of the large casting is significantly higher than that of the peripheral part, and the lower half of the central part solidifies and exhausts preferentially; second, the vibration assembly and the elastic seat assembly are used to vibrate the sand box, so that the flow of liquid metal is accelerated to facilitate exhaust and tissue densification. The shrinkage porosity prevention device for large castings described in the present utility model can prevent the risk of shrinkage porosity defects during the casting of large castings through directional solidification and vibration, and can improve the product quality. The present utility model is reasonably designed, has a simple structure, a low cost, and is convenient for popularization. Brief Description of the Drawings
[0015] Figure 1 is a general schematic diagram of a shrinkage porosity prevention device for casting large castings according to the present utility model;
[0016] Figure 2 is an enlarged schematic diagram of the heat dissipation assembly;
[0017] Figure 3 is an enlarged schematic diagram of the heat dissipation rod;
[0018] Figure 4 is an enlarged schematic diagram of the elastic seat assembly;
[0019] Figure 5 is Figure 4 an enlarged schematic diagram of part A in
[0020] Reference Signs:
[0021] 1 Heat dissipation assembly; 11 Heat dissipation rod; 111 Outer tube; 112 Inner tube; 1121 Ventilation hole; 113 Valve; 12 Air duct; 13 Fan; 2 Elastic seat assembly; 21 Seat plate; 22 Elastic sliding seat; 221 Slide column; 222 Slide sleeve; 223 Spring; 3 Vibration assembly; 900 Sand box. Detailed Description of the Embodiment
[0022] The following further describes the present utility model through specific embodiments.
[0023] As Figure 1As shown in the figure, a shrinkage prevention device for casting large castings according to the present utility model includes a heat dissipation component 1, an elastic seat component 2, and a vibration component 3. The heat dissipation component 1 is provided with a number of double-layer columnar heat dissipation elements that can conduct ventilation and heat exchange. The number of double-layer columnar heat dissipation elements are dispersed at the lower part of the central part inside the sand box 900 and buried in the molding sand for casting, and can quickly dissipate heat from the bottom molding sand at the central part of the casting poured in the sand box 900. The elastic seat component 2 is provided with a number of support elements that can elastically slide, and is placed at the bottom of the sand box 900. The vibration component 3 includes a number of vibration motors, and the number of vibration motors are dispersedly fixed on the top of the sand box 900, and can vibrate the sand box 900.
[0024] As Figures 1 to 3 shown in the figure, the heat dissipation component 1 of the present utility model includes heat dissipation rods 11, air ducts 12, and a fan 13. There are a number of heat dissipation rods 11, and the number of heat dissipation rods 11 are dispersedly arranged at the lower part of the central part inside the sand box 900. The number of heat dissipation rods 11 are all communicated with the air duct 12. The fan 13 is communicated with the air duct 12 by a flexible connecting pipe. The fan 13 is a cold air fan, and the fan 13 can send air into the air duct 12. The heat dissipation rod 11 includes an outer pipe 111, an inner pipe 112, and a valve 113. The outer pipe 111 is a hollow pipe that can conduct heat, with the upper end closed and the lower end open. The outer pipe 111 is fixed on the bottom wall of the sand box 900, and the open end of its lower end is exposed. The inner pipe 112 is a hollow pipe with a flared upper end, and a number of ventilation holes 1121 are densely arranged on the wall of its flare. The inner pipe 112 is placed in the inner cavity of the outer pipe 111, and the upper edge of the flare of the inner pipe 112 is fixed on the inner cavity wall of the upper part of the outer pipe 111. There are ventilation spaces between the flare of the inner pipe 112 and the top wall of the outer pipe 111, and between the outer wall of the inner pipe 112 and the inner wall of the outer pipe 111. The lower part of the inner pipe 112 extends beyond the open end of the outer pipe 111 to form an extended pipe section. The lower end of the extended pipe section of the inner pipe 112 is fixed on the air duct 12 and communicated with the air duct 12. The valve 113 is connected to the extended pipe section at the lower part of the inner pipe 112.
[0025] As Figure 1 、 Figure 4 and Figure 5As shown in the figure, the elastic seat assembly 2 of the present utility model includes a seat plate 21 and a plurality of elastic sliding seats 22. The plurality of elastic sliding seats 22 are dispersedly arranged above the seat plate 21. Each elastic sliding seat 22 includes a sliding column 221, a sliding sleeve 222 and a spring 223. The outer diameter of the sliding column 221 matches the inner diameter of the sliding sleeve 222. The lower part of the sliding column 221 is inserted into the sliding sleeve 222 and can slide up and down in the sliding sleeve 222. The upper end of the sliding column 221 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the sand box 900, the bottom of the sliding sleeve 222 is fixedly connected to the seat plate 21, the spring 223 is sleeved on the sliding column 221, the upper end of the spring 223 abuts against the bottom of the sand box 900, and the lower end of the spring 223 abuts against the upper end of the sliding sleeve 222. The spring 223 is a compression spring.
[0026] For the anti-shrinkage and porosity prevention device of large castings of the present utility model, a plurality of heat dissipation rods 11 of the heat dissipation assembly 1 are arranged at the lower part of the central part inside the sand box 900. The heat dissipation rods 11 are buried in the molding sand for casting. A vibration assembly 3 and an elastic seat assembly 2 are respectively arranged at the top and bottom of the sand box 900. After cold air is sent into the inner tube 112 of the heat dissipation rod 11, the outer tube 111 sleeved outside the inner tube 112 quickly exchanges heat with the heat of the molding sand at the bottom of the central part of the casting and discharges it, so that the cooling rate of the bottom of the central part of the large casting is significantly higher than that of the peripheral part, and the lower half of the central part solidifies and exhausts first; the vibration assembly 3 and the elastic seat assembly 2 are used to vibrate the sand box 900, so that the flow of liquid metal is accelerated to facilitate exhaust and tissue densification, thereby preventing shrinkage and porosity defects during the casting of large castings and improving the product quality.
[0027] The above is only a specific embodiment of the present utility model, but the design concept of the present utility model is not limited thereto. Any non-substantive modification made to the present utility model using this concept shall fall within the scope of infringement of the protection scope of the present utility model.
Claims
1. A shrinkage porosity prevention device for casting large castings, characterized in that: It includes a heat dissipation component (1), an elastic seat component (2) and a vibration component (3). The heat dissipation component (1) is provided with a number of double-layer columnar heat dissipation elements that can ventilate and exchange heat. A number of these double-layer columnar heat dissipation elements are dispersed at the lower part of the central position inside the sand box (900) and buried in the molding sand for casting. The elastic seat component (2) is provided with a number of support elements that can elastically slide, and they are placed at the bottom of the sand box (900). The vibration component (3) is placed on the top of the sand box (900).
2. The anti-shrinkage porosity device for casting large castings according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heat dissipation component (1) includes heat dissipation rods (11), air ducts (12) and a fan (13). There are a number of heat dissipation rods (11), and a number of heat dissipation rods (11) are dispersed and arranged at the lower part of the central position inside the sand box (900). A number of heat dissipation rods (11) are all connected to the air duct (12). The fan (13) is connected to the air duct (12) by a flexible connecting pipe.
3. The anti-shrinkage porosity device for casting large castings according to claim 2, characterized in that: The heat dissipation rod (11) includes an outer pipe (111) and an inner pipe (112). The outer pipe (111) is a hollow pipe that can conduct heat, with its upper end closed and lower end open. The outer pipe (111) is fixedly connected to the bottom wall of the sand box (900), and the open end of its lower end is exposed. The inner pipe (112) is a hollow pipe with a flared upper end, and a number of ventilation holes (1121) are densely arranged on the wall of its flare. The inner pipe (112) is placed in the inner cavity of the outer pipe (111), and the upper edge of the flare of the inner pipe (112) is fixedly connected to the inner cavity wall of the upper part of the outer pipe (111). There are ventilation spaces both between the flare of the inner pipe (112) and the top wall of the outer pipe (111) and between the outer wall of the inner pipe (112) and the inner wall of the outer pipe (111). The lower part of the inner pipe (112) extends beyond the open end of the outer pipe (111) to form an extended pipe section, and the lower end of the extended pipe section of the inner pipe (112) is fixedly connected to the air duct (12) and is connected to the air duct (12).
4. A shrinkage porosity prevention device for casting large castings according to claim 3, characterized in that: The heat dissipation rod (11) further includes a valve (113), and the valve (113) is connected to the extended pipe section at the lower part of the inner pipe (112).
5. The anti-shrinkage porosity device for casting large castings according to claim 4, characterized in that: The elastic seat component (2) includes a seat plate (21) and elastic sliding seats (22). There are a number of elastic sliding seats (22), and a number of elastic sliding seats (22) are dispersed above the seat plate (21).
6. The anti-shrinkage porosity device for casting large castings according to claim 5, wherein: The elastic sliding seat (22) includes a sliding column (221), a sliding sleeve (222) and a spring (223). The outer diameter of the sliding column (221) matches the inner diameter of the sliding sleeve (222). The lower part of the sliding column (221) is inserted into the sliding sleeve (222) and can slide up and down in the sliding sleeve (222). The upper end of the sliding column (221) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the sand box (900). The bottom of the sliding sleeve (222) is fixedly connected to the seat plate (21). The spring (223) is sleeved on the sliding column (221), the upper end of the spring (223) abuts against the bottom of the sand box (900), and the lower end of the spring (223) abuts against the upper end of the sliding sleeve (222).
7. The anti-shrinkage porosity device for casting large castings according to claim 6, characterized in that: The spring (223) is a compression spring.
8. The anti-shrinkage porosity device for casting large castings according to claim 1, characterized in that: The described vibration assembly (3) includes a number of vibration motors, and the number of vibration motors are dispersedly and fixedly connected to the top of the sand box (900).