Hydraulic drive type automatic dynamic penetration testing machine

Abstract

The utility model discloses a hydraulic drive type automatic dynamic penetration testing machine which comprises a base, a console and a lifting mechanism are arranged on the base, an automatic hammering device is arranged on the lifting mechanism, and the lifting mechanism and the automatic hammering device are both connected with the console through hydraulic pipelines. According to the utility model, the operating platform is adopted to regulate and control the working state of the lifting mechanism through pressure oil, so that the automatic hammering device can automatically lift and drop a hammer, the purpose of automatic hammering is achieved, the tedious process of manual operation is avoided, each hammering penetration depth can be recorded through the operating platform, the test time is effectively saved, the test efficiency is improved, and the test cost is reduced. And moreover, recording errors caused by manual counting of testers are prevented, the authenticity and accuracy of the test are ensured, the test efficiency is improved, and the device has the characteristics of convenience in installation, convenience in operation and the like.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of geotechnical engineering investigation equipment, and designs an automatic dynamic penetration testing machine, specifically a hydraulic-driven automatic dynamic penetration testing machine. Background Art

[0002] The dynamic penetration test is a in-situ testing method for geotechnical engineering investigation that uses a certain hammering energy to drive a probe and a sounding rod of a certain specification into the soil, and discriminates the soil layer changes according to the ease of penetration, conducts mechanical analysis, and evaluates the engineering properties of the soil.

[0003] Currently, the traditional dynamic penetration test equipment consists of a winch, a drill tower, a penetration probe, a sounding rod, and a drop hammer. Before the test, the penetration probe is connected to the sounding rod and placed on the ground at the test point. Then, the guide rod of the drop hammer is connected to the sounding rod. Finally, the automatic drop hammer mechanism of the drop hammer is connected through the winch steel wire rope passing through the pulley of the drill tower. When conducting the dynamic penetration test, the test personnel lift the drop hammer to a set height by operating the winch, and then trigger the automatic drop hammer mechanism to make the drop hammer fall off and freely fall along the guide rod to apply an impact force to the sounding rod. This cycle is repeated until the sounding rod is penetrated. However, after each hammering, the test personnel need to operate the winch again to lift the drop hammer for another hammering. And when the sounding rod penetrates a certain depth, the test personnel need to record the number of hammer blows by counting manually. The operation process is cumbersome and laborious, and the test takes a long time, resulting in low test efficiency. During a long-term test, the manual counting method is prone to errors in recording the number of hammer blows by the experimenter, affecting the accuracy of the test, and even causing errors in the test results. Summary of the Utility Model

[0004] The utility model provides a hydraulic-driven automatic dynamic penetration testing machine in view of the deficiencies of the prior art. The control console is used to regulate the working state of the lifting mechanism through pressure oil, enabling the automatic hammering device to automatically lift and drop the hammer, achieving the purpose of automatic hammering, avoiding the cumbersome process of manual operation, and recording the penetration depth of each hammering through the control console, effectively saving the test time, improving the test efficiency, preventing the situation of recording errors in manual counting by test personnel, ensuring the authenticity and accuracy of the test, improving the test efficiency, and having the characteristics of convenient installation and easy operation.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by the utility model is as follows:

[0006] A hydraulic-driven automatic dynamic penetration testing machine, comprising a base, on which a control console and a lifting mechanism are arranged, and an automatic hammering device is arranged on the lifting mechanism. Both the lifting mechanism and the automatic hammering device are connected to the control console through hydraulic pipelines, so that the control console can control the lifting mechanism and the automatic hammering device to conduct dynamic penetration tests through the hydraulic pipelines and record the test data, thereby achieving the purpose of automatically conducting dynamic penetration tests while recording the test data;

[0007] The control console is composed of a main inlet oil pipe, a main return oil pipe, a pressure gauge, an overflow valve, a three-position three-way conversion valve, a pressure sensor, a recorder and a switch; a pressure gauge, an overflow valve, a three-position three-way conversion valve and a pressure sensor are arranged on the main inlet oil pipe;

[0008] The lifting mechanism consists of a first lifting oil cylinder, a second lifting oil cylinder and a cross beam. The first lifting oil cylinder rod and the second lifting oil cylinder rod are connected through the cross beam, and both the first lifting oil cylinder rod and the second lifting oil rod are designed as hollow structures and are connected through a limit return oil pipe. A first limit valve is arranged on the limit return oil pipe; a lifting return oil conduit is arranged inside the first lifting oil cylinder rod, and the lifting return oil conduit is sequentially connected to the switch and the main return oil pipe through a lifting return oil pipe; the upper parts of the first lifting oil cylinder pipe and the second lifting oil cylinder pipe are rigidly connected through a communicating pipe, and a lifting compressed gas filling joint is arranged on the communicating pipe, which can fill compressed gas into the return stroke cavities of the first lifting oil cylinder and the second lifting oil cylinder. The lower parts of the first lifting oil cylinder and the second lifting oil cylinder are connected through a lifting inlet oil pipe to the jacking cavity; a pull rope displacement sensor, a limit guide rod, a limit guide rod spring and a second limit valve are arranged on the first lifting oil cylinder pipe, and the pull rope of the pull rope displacement sensor is connected to the top of the first lifting oil cylinder rod;

[0009] The automatic hammering device consists of a jacking mechanism, a falling hammer mechanism and a core hammer. The falling hammer mechanism is arranged on the jacking mechanism. The falling hammer mechanism is a sliding pin type automatic falling hammer mechanism. The core hammer is arranged on the falling hammer mechanism. The jacking mechanism drives the falling hammer mechanism to lift the core hammer. After lifting to a set height, the falling hammer mechanism is triggered to separate from the core hammer, so that the core hammer freely falls to complete the hammering;

[0010] The jacking mechanism is composed of a limit plate, a jacking sleeve and a hammer oil cylinder. The top of the jacking sleeve passes through the cross beam and is connected to the limit plate. The hammer oil cylinder is arranged in the jacking sleeve. The hammer oil cylinder is composed of a hammer oil cylinder rod, a hammer oil cylinder piston and a hammer oil cylinder tube. The hammer oil cylinder rod is arranged in the hammer oil cylinder tube and is designed as a hollow structure. The top of the hammer oil cylinder rod passes through the hammer oil cylinder tube, the jacking sleeve and the limit plate in sequence. A hammer compressed gas filling joint is arranged at the top of the hammer oil cylinder rod, and a connecting hole is arranged at the lower part of the hammer oil cylinder rod. Compressed gas can be injected into the hammer oil cylinder rod through the hammer compressed gas filling joint. The compressed gas can enter the return cavity of the hammer oil cylinder through the connecting hole, that is, the cavity between the hammer oil cylinder rod and the hammer oil cylinder tube, so that compressed gas exists in the inside of the hammer oil cylinder rod and the return cavity of the hammer oil cylinder. A sealing cover is arranged at the top of the hammer oil cylinder tube, and the sealing cover can prevent the hammer oil cylinder tube from contacting the hammer oil cylinder tube. The compressed gas in the cavity between the cylinder rods leaks; a drop hammer mechanism is arranged at the bottom of the jacking sleeve, and a piercing hammer is arranged on the drop hammer mechanism, and the jacking sleeve is driven to rise by hammering the cylinder rod, so that the drop hammer mechanism drives the piercing hammer to rise, and the bottom of the hammering cylinder tube sequentially penetrates the jacking sleeve, the drop hammer mechanism and the piercing hammer, so that the drop hammer mechanism drives the piercing hammer to rise along the hammering cylinder tube; the hammering cylinder piston is arranged in the hammering cylinder tube, and the bottom of the hammering cylinder rod is connected to the hammering cylinder piston, and a hydraulic drive mechanism is arranged at the bottom of the hammering cylinder tube, and the hammering cylinder piston is connected to the hydraulic drive mechanism, and the hammering cylinder piston is lifted by the hydraulic drive mechanism, so that the hammering cylinder piston drives the hammering cylinder rod to rise, so that the jacking sleeve lifts the piercing hammer through the drop hammer mechanism, and when it is lifted to the set height, the drop hammer mechanism is triggered to loosen, so that the piercing hammer falls freely, completing the hammering, thereby achieving the purpose of automatic dropping of the piercing hammer;

[0011] A limit plunger is provided in the hammer oil cylinder piston, and a sealing ring is provided on the top of the limit plunger so that it is sealed with the inside of the hammer oil cylinder piston and can slide up and down; a limit plunger limit groove is provided at the lower part of the limit plunger, and a limit plunger positioning pin is provided at the lower part of the hammer oil cylinder piston corresponding to the limit plunger limit groove, and the limit plunger positioning pin penetrates the limit plunger limit groove and is fixedly connected with the hammer oil cylinder piston, and the limit plunger positioning pin can prevent the limit plunger from falling off from the hammer oil cylinder piston, and an opening is provided in the center of the limit plunger;

[0012] The hydraulic drive mechanism includes an oil distribution joint, which is connected to the hammer oil cylinder pipe. An oil inlet and an oil return port are arranged on the side of the oil distribution joint. The oil inlet is connected to the hammer oil inlet pipe, and the oil return port is connected to the hammer oil return pipe.

[0013] An oil distribution chamber is arranged in the oil distribution joint, and the interior of the oil distribution chamber is designed from top to bottom as a main valve chamber, an oil return chamber and a force storage chamber. The main valve chamber is connected with the oil inlet, and the oil return chamber is connected with the oil return port. A stop screw is arranged at the bottom of the force storage chamber, a force storage spring is arranged on the stop screw, a force storage plunger is arranged on the top of the force storage spring, and a main valve plunger is arranged in the oil return chamber above the force storage plunger. The main valve plunger is designed to be a hollow structure, and a main valve core is arranged in the main valve chamber above the main valve plunger. The main valve core is designed to be a hollow structure, and the main valve core is sleeved on the main valve plunger. A force storage one-way valve core corresponding to the opening of the limit plunger is arranged in the main valve core at the top of the main valve plunger. The force storage one-way valve core is connected to the main valve plunger through the force storage one-way valve core spring. In the initial state, the force storage one-way valve core passes through the top of the main valve core and is inserted When the jacking pin is in contact with the limit plunger, the force storage chamber is connected with the lifting chamber of the hammer oil cylinder, and the bottom of the limit plunger presses the main valve core to separate the main valve chamber from the oil return chamber. After the hydraulic oil enters the main valve chamber through the oil inlet, the hammer oil cylinder piston is lifted upward under the action of the hydraulic oil pressure, and drives the hammer oil cylinder rod to rise. At this time, the limit plunger still presses against the main valve core to keep the main valve chamber closed, so that the hydraulic oil pressure in the lifting chamber of the hammer oil cylinder gradually increases with the load-bearing of the test hammer, so as to achieve the purpose of keeping the main valve core closed before the lifting sleeve bears the full weight of the core hammer, until the limit plunger locating pin contacts the top of the limit plunger limiting groove, driving the limit plunger to rise together with the hammer oil cylinder piston. During the rising process of the hammer oil cylinder piston, the force storage one-way valve core is in When the throttle body is in a state of collapse, ... When the piston of the hammer cylinder is lowered, the limit plunger stops descending and the hammer cylinder piston continues to descend until the limit plunger positioning pin presses down the force-accumulating one-way valve core to force it to open. At this time, the pressure oil in the force-accumulating chamber is released and flows into the lifting chamber of the hammer cylinder. The limit plunger descends again, driving the main valve core and the main valve plunger to descend, so that the main valve chamber returns to the initial cut-off state. At the same time, the hammer drop mechanism is connected with the through hammer, and the hammer cylinder piston is lifted upward again under the action of the hydraulic oil pressure, and drives the hammer cylinder rod to rise. The above process is repeated to achieve the purpose of automatic hammering.

[0014] Furthermore, the recorder is a paperless recorder.

[0015] Furthermore, the drop hammer mechanism includes a chuck group, which consists of an inner chuck and an outer chuck. The inner chuck is in the shape of a truncated cone with a larger lower portion and a slightly smaller upper portion. The inner hole of the outer chuck is in the shape of a truncated cone with a larger lower portion and a slightly smaller upper portion, so that it can fit with the outer portion of the inner chuck. A vertical slot is arranged on the inner chuck. The outer chuck is movably connected to the inner chuck through a positioning pin matching the slot, so that the outer chuck can be vertically displaced on the inner chuck along the vertical slot. The inner chuck is connected to the lifting sleeve through a connecting thread. A number of slots are evenly arranged around the corresponding positions of the inner chuck and the outer chuck, and a slotting ball is arranged in each slot. The inner chuck The clamping hole of the chuck is designed to be small inside and large outside, so that the clamping ball on the inner chuck will not fall off inward, and the clamping hole of the outer chuck is designed to be small outside and large inside, so that the clamping ball on the outer chuck will not fall off outward; in the initial state, the clamping ball on the inner chuck and the clamping ball on the outer chuck are in a vertical misalignment state, with the clamping ball on the inner chuck at the bottom and the clamping ball on the outer chuck at the top, and the clamping ball on the inner chuck pushes part of the clamping ball on the outer chuck out of the clamping hole when the cylinder tube is hammered, and it is clamped by the clamping hole of the outer chuck with a large inside and small outside structure, and the part pushed out of the clamping hole is clamped on the core hammer, so as to achieve clamping and penetration. The function of the core hammer is that when the lifting sleeve drives the drop hammer mechanism to lift the core hammer, after the drop hammer mechanism is lifted higher than the hammer cylinder tube, the card ball on the inner chuck loses the card position of the hammer cylinder tube and slides inward and pushes out of the card hole and is stuck by the card hole. At this time, the card ball on the outer chuck also slides inward after losing the card position of the inner card ball. At the same time, the core hammer falls downward after losing the card position of the card ball to complete the hammering. The main valve core of the oil distribution joint opens to make the hammer cylinder rod fall back, driving the hammer cylinder piston, the lifting sleeve and the drop hammer mechanism to fall back together. The outer chuck of the chuck group loses the constraints of the inner card ball and the core hammer due to the card ball The inner chuck is pressed against the outer chuck and the ball is pushed out of the hole and the hammer is clamped again, so a new round of hammering can be carried out.

[0016] Furthermore, four outer clamping holes and inner clamping holes are evenly spaced in an annular manner at corresponding positions of the outer ball hole and the inner ball hole.

[0017] Furthermore, the compressed gas is liquefied gas.

[0018] The hydraulically driven automatic dynamic penetration test machine provided by the utility model has the following features:

[0019] Beneficial effects:

[0020] 1. The utility model controls hydraulic oil through the console via the oil inlet and outlet pipelines, thereby controlling the working state of the lifting mechanism, enabling it to cooperate with the automatic hammering device to automatically lift and lower the test hammer, achieving the purpose of automatic hammering, avoiding the cumbersome process of manual operation, reducing the work intensity of test personnel, saving test time, and improving test efficiency.

[0021] 2. The utility model records the conversion times of the high and low pressures of hydraulic oil through a paperless recorder via a pressure sensor, thereby recording the number of hammer blows of the test hammer. Then, the change amount during each low pressure is recorded via a rope displacement sensor, so as to record the penetration amount of each hammer blow, achieving the purpose of recording the penetration depth of each hammer blow. There is no need for test personnel to count and measure the penetration amount by manual recording method, effectively avoiding the situation of recording errors and confusion caused by long-term manual recording by test personnel, and ensuring the authenticity and accuracy of the test. Brief description of the drawings

[0022] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of the utility model.

[0023] Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram of part A of the utility model.

[0024] Figure 3 It is a longitudinal sectional view of the lifting mechanism of the utility model.

[0025] Figure 4 It is a schematic structural diagram of the automatic hammering device of the utility model.

[0026] Figure 5 It is a longitudinal sectional view of the automatic hammering device of the utility model.

[0027] Figure 6 It is a schematic structural diagram of part B of the utility model.

[0028] Figure 7 It is a schematic structural diagram of part C of the utility model.

[0029] Figure 8 It is a schematic structural diagram of the drop hammer mechanism of the utility model.

[0030] Figure 9 It is a schematic structural diagram of part D of the utility model.

[0031] Figure 10 It is a schematic structural diagram of part E of the utility model.

[0032] In the figure: 1. Base; 2. Second lifting oil cylinder pipe; 3. Oil distribution joint; 4. Percussion hammer; 5. Connecting pipe; 6. Second lifting oil cylinder rod; 7. Jacking sleeve; 8. Limit oil return pipe; 9. First limit valve; 10. Limit disc; 11. Cross beam; 12. First lifting oil cylinder rod; 13. Limit guide rod; 14. Pull rope displacement sensor; 15. Lifting compressed gas filling joint; 16. Limit guide rod spring; 17. Second limit valve; 18. First lifting oil cylinder pipe; 19. Relief valve; 20. Total inlet pipe; 21. Pressure gauge; 22. Three-position three-way conversion valve; 23. Pressure sensor; 24. Percussion inlet pipe; 25. Percussion oil return pipe; 26. Recorder; 27. Lifting inlet pipe; 28. Lifting oil return pipe; 29. Switch; 30. Total oil return pipe; 31. Lifting oil return duct; 32. Inlet port; 33. Oil return port; 34. Percussion oil cylinder pipe; 35. Percussion oil cylinder rod; 36. Percussion compressed gas filling joint; 37. Sealing cover; 38. Outer chuck; 39. Inner chuck; 40. Ball; 41. Percussion oil cylinder piston; 42. Limit plunger; 43. Limit plunger limit groove; 44. Main valve plunger; 45. Energy storage plunger; 46. Energy storage spring; 47. Locking screw; 48. Energy storage chamber; 49. Limit plunger positioning pin; 50. Energy storage check valve core; 51. Energy storage check valve core spring; 52. Main valve chamber; 53. Main valve core; 54. Oil return chamber. Detailed implementation mode

[0033] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention.

[0034] As Figure 1 In the structure shown, the hydraulic drive type automatic dynamic penetration testing machine provided by the present invention includes a base 1, a control console and a lifting mechanism are arranged on the base 1, an automatic hammering device is arranged on the lifting mechanism, and both the lifting mechanism and the automatic hammering device are connected to the control console through hydraulic pipelines;

[0035] As Figure 2In the structure shown, the console is composed of a main inlet oil pipe 20, a main return oil pipe 30, a pressure gauge 21, a relief valve 19, a three-position three-way switching valve 22, a pressure sensor 23, a recorder 26 and a switch 29. The pressure gauge 21, the relief valve 19, the three-position three-way switching valve 22 and the pressure sensor 23 are arranged on the main inlet oil pipe 20;

[0036] As Figure 3 In the structure shown, the lifting mechanism is composed of a first lifting oil cylinder, a second lifting oil cylinder and a cross beam. The first lifting oil cylinder rod 12 and the second lifting oil cylinder rod 6 are connected by the cross beam 11, and both the first lifting oil cylinder rod 12 and the second lifting oil rod 6 are designed as hollow structures and are connected by a limit return oil pipe 8. A first limit valve 9 is arranged on the limit return oil pipe 8; A lifting return oil conduit 31 is arranged in the first lifting oil cylinder rod 12, and the lifting return oil conduit 31 is sequentially connected to the switch 29 and the main return oil pipe 30 through a lifting return oil pipe 28; The upper parts of the first lifting oil cylinder pipe 18 and the second lifting oil cylinder pipe 2 are rigidly connected by a connecting pipe 5, and a lifting compressed gas filling joint 15 is arranged on the connecting pipe 5; The lower parts of the first lifting oil cylinder and the second lifting oil cylinder are connected to the jacking cavity through a lifting inlet oil pipe 27; A pull rope displacement sensor 14, a limit guide rod 13, a limit guide rod spring 16 and a second limit valve 17 are arranged on the first lifting oil cylinder pipe 18;

[0037] As Figure 4 、 5 In the structures shown in FIGS. 6, 7, and 8, the automatic hammering device is composed of a jacking mechanism, a falling hammer mechanism and a core-piercing hammer 4. The falling hammer mechanism is arranged on the jacking mechanism. The falling hammer mechanism is a sliding pin type automatic falling hammer mechanism, and the core-piercing hammer 4 is arranged on the falling hammer mechanism;

[0038] The jacking mechanism is composed of a limit disc 10, a jacking sleeve 7 and a hammering oil cylinder. The top of the jacking sleeve 7 penetrates through the cross beam 11 and is connected to the limit disc 10. The hammering oil cylinder is arranged in the jacking sleeve 7. The hammering oil cylinder is composed of a hammering oil cylinder rod 35, a hammering oil cylinder piston 41, a hammering oil cylinder pipe 34 and a sealing cover 37. The hammering oil cylinder rod 35 is arranged in the hammering oil cylinder pipe 34 and is designed as a hollow structure. The top of the hammering oil cylinder rod 35 sequentially penetrates through the hammering oil cylinder pipe 34, the jacking sleeve 7 and the limit disc 10, and a hammering compressed gas filling joint 36 is arranged at the top of the hammering oil cylinder rod 35. A communication hole is arranged at the lower part of the hammering oil cylinder rod 35; A sealing cover 37 is arranged at the top of the hammering oil cylinder pipe 34; The falling hammer mechanism is arranged at the bottom of the jacking sleeve 7, and the core-piercing hammer 4 is arranged on the falling hammer mechanism. The bottom of the hammering oil cylinder pipe 34 sequentially penetrates through the jacking sleeve 7, the falling hammer mechanism and the core-piercing hammer 4; The hammering oil cylinder piston 41 is arranged in the hammering oil cylinder pipe 34. The bottom of the hammering oil cylinder rod 35 is connected to the hammering oil cylinder piston 41. A hydraulic driving mechanism is arranged at the bottom of the hammering oil cylinder pipe 34, and the hammering oil cylinder piston 41 is connected to the hydraulic driving mechanism;

[0039] The drop hammer mechanism includes a chuck group, which consists of an inner chuck 39 and an outer chuck 38. The inner chuck 39 is in the shape of a truncated cone with a larger lower portion and a slightly smaller upper portion. The inner hole of the outer chuck 38 is in the shape of a truncated cone with a larger lower portion and a slightly smaller upper portion. A vertical slot is provided on the inner chuck 39. The outer chuck is movably connected to the inner chuck 38 through a positioning pin matching the slot. The inner chuck 39 is connected to the lifting sleeve 7 through a connecting thread. Four outer slots and inner slots are evenly spaced at corresponding positions of the inner chuck 39 and the outer chuck 38. A slot ball 40 is provided in each slot. The slot of the inner chuck 39 is designed to be small inside and large outside, and the slot of the outer chuck 38 is designed to be small outside and large inside.

[0040] A limit plunger 42 is provided inside the hammer cylinder piston 41, and a sealing ring is provided on the top of the limit plunger 42 to seal it with the inside of the hammer cylinder piston 41; a limit plunger limit groove 43 is provided at the lower part of the limit plunger 42, and a limit plunger positioning pin 49 is provided at a position corresponding to the limit plunger limit groove 43 at the lower part of the hammer cylinder piston 41, and the limit plunger positioning pin 49 penetrates the limit plunger limit groove 43 and is fixedly connected to the hammer cylinder piston 41, and an opening is provided at the center of the limit plunger 42;

[0041] like Figure 9 , 10 In the structure shown, the hydraulic drive mechanism includes an oil distribution joint 3, which is connected to the hammer oil cylinder pipe. An oil inlet 32 and an oil return port 33 are arranged on the side of the oil distribution joint 3. The oil inlet 32 is connected to the hammer oil inlet pipe 24, and the oil return port 33 is connected to the hammer oil return pipe 25.

[0042] An oil distribution chamber is arranged in the oil distribution joint 3, and the interior of the oil distribution chamber is designed from top to bottom as a main valve chamber 52, an oil return chamber 54, and a force storage chamber 48. The main valve chamber 52 is communicated with the oil inlet 32, and the oil return chamber 54 is communicated with the oil return port 33. A stop screw 47 is arranged at the bottom of the force storage chamber 48, a force storage spring 46 is arranged on the stop screw 47, a force storage plunger 45 is arranged on the top of the force storage spring 46, and a main valve chamber 52 is arranged in the oil return chamber 54 above the force storage plunger 45. The valve plunger 44, the main valve plunger 44 is designed as a hollow structure, a main valve core 53 is arranged in the main valve chamber 52 above the main valve plunger 44, the main valve core 53 is designed as a hollow structure, the main valve core 53 is arranged on the main valve plunger 44, and a force storage one-way valve core 50 corresponding to the opening of the limit plunger 42 is arranged in the main valve core 53 at the top of the main valve plunger 44, and the force storage one-way valve core 50 is connected to the main valve plunger 44 through a force storage one-way valve core spring 51.

[0043] The recorder 26 is a paperless recorder.

[0044] The compressed gas is a refrigerant.

[0045] Working principle of the utility model: After the equipment is installed, the switch is in the connected state, the three-way three-position switching valve is in the cut-off state, and the lifting oil cylinder is at the lower dead point; Connect a sounding rod with a probe head to the automatic hammering device. At this time, the lifting sleeve is in an inclined state under the action of the rotating seat. After the connection is completed, close the switch, operate the three-way three-position switching valve to connect the main oil inlet pipe with the lifting oil inlet pipe, and then pressurize through the overflow valve. After the pressure oil flows into the lifting oil inlet pipe through the main oil inlet pipe, it is divided into the first lifting oil cylinder jacking cavity and the second lifting oil cylinder jacking cavity, so that the first lifting oil cylinder rod and the second lifting oil cylinder rod are jacked up, thereby driving the core hammer to be lifted through the lifting sleeve, and lifting the sounding rod and the probe head completely off the ground, so that the lifting sleeve returns to the vertical state from the inclined state under the action of gravity;

[0046] Then adjust the three-way three-position switching valve to the cut-off state to cut off the oil inlet path of the lifting oil inlet pipe. At this time, straighten the sounding rod so that it is perpendicular to the ground, and the first limit valve is in the connected state under the pressing action of the limit disc, so that the limit oil return pipe connects the first lifting oil cylinder rod and the second lifting oil cylinder rod;

[0047] At this time, turn on the switch, and the pressure oil in the lifting oil cylinder jacking cavity flows through the second lifting oil cylinder rod to the first limit valve to the first lifting oil cylinder rod, the oil return guide rod, the switch and then flows out through the main oil return pipe to form a pressure relief state. Under the pressure action of the compressed gas in the first lifting oil cylinder and the second lifting oil cylinder return cavities, the first lifting oil cylinder rod and the second lifting oil cylinder rod descend in the pressure relief state, so that the lifting sleeve drives the core hammer to descend. When the probe head on the automatic drop hammer device touches the ground, the lifting sleeve stops descending, so that the limit disc stops descending, and the first lifting oil cylinder rod and the second lifting oil cylinder rod are still descending in the pressure relief state. Subsequently, the first limit valve is separated from the limit disc, the first limit valve is closed, the oil path of the limit oil return pipe is cut off, and the pressure relief is stopped. At this time, the first lifting oil cylinder and the second lifting oil cylinder stop descending;

[0048] Then adjust the three-position three-way conversion valve to connect the main oil inlet pipe with the automatic hammering device. At this time, the second limit valve is in the cut-off state. When the pressure oil flows into the main valve chamber through the oil inlet via the three-position three-way conversion valve, the main valve chamber is in a closed state under the action of the main valve core. The hammer cylinder piston rises upward under the action of the hydraulic oil pressure and drives the hammer cylinder rod to rise. After the hydraulic oil flows into the main valve chamber through the oil inlet, the main valve core closes the main valve chamber. Under the action of the hydraulic oil pressure, the hammer cylinder piston rises upward and drives the hammer cylinder rod to rise. At this time, the limit plunger still presses against the main valve core to keep the main valve chamber closed, so that the hammer When the jack is lifted up, the main valve core is kept closed and the jack is supported by the piston. When the jack is lifted up, the main valve core is kept closed and the jack is supported by the piston. When the jack is lifted up, the main valve core is kept closed and the jack is supported by the piston. When the jack is lifted up, the main valve core is kept closed and the jack is supported by the piston. When the jack is lifted up, the main valve core is kept closed and the jack is supported by the piston. When the jack is lifted up, the main valve core is kept closed and the jack is supported by the piston. The piercing hammer falls to complete the hammering. When the piercing hammer falls, the pressure of the hydraulic oil in the lifting chamber of the hammer cylinder drops sharply, causing the main valve core to be subjected to less downward pressure from the hydraulic oil and be pushed upward by the main valve plunger, thereby reducing the pressure of the pressure oil in the storage chamber. Then the storage plunger is lifted upward to release the storage spring, and the pressure oil in the lifting chamber of the hammer cylinder flows into the oil return chamber and flows out through the oil return port. At the same time, the hammer cylinder rod drives the hammer cylinder piston downward under the action of the compressed gas in the return chamber of the hammer cylinder, and the lifting sleeve also drives the drop hammer mechanism to return, and the card ball of the inner chuck slides outward under the card position of the lifting sleeve. When the limit plunger is pressed against the main valve core during the descending process of the hammer cylinder piston, the limit plunger stops descending, while the hammer cylinder piston continues to descend until the limit plunger positioning pin presses down the force-accumulating one-way valve core to force it to open. At this time, the pressure oil in the force-accumulating chamber is released and flows into the lifting chamber of the hammer cylinder. The limit plunger descends again, driving the main valve core and the main valve plunger to descend, so that the main valve chamber returns to its initial cut-off state. At the same time, the drop hammer mechanism is engaged with the through hammer, and the hammer cylinder piston is lifted upward again under the action of the hydraulic oil pressure, and drives the hammer cylinder rod to rise. The above process is repeated to achieve the purpose of automatic hammering.

[0049] When the impact hammer strikes the sounding rod each time, the sounding rod will penetrate into the ground for a certain distance. As the penetration distance of the impact hammer increases, the height of the lower stop point of the hammering decreases continuously, and the lower stop point of the limit disc also decreases accordingly. Each time it decreases to press against the first limit valve and the piston of the hammering oil cylinder has not reached the lower stop point, the first limit valve will be opened under the pressure of the limit disc, causing the first lifting oil cylinder rod and the second lifting oil cylinder rod to decrease simultaneously until the piston of the hammering oil cylinder drops to the lower stop point. When the impact hammer falls and the height of the lower stop point of the hammering is lower than the position of the limit connecting rod, the impact hammer presses down the limit connecting rod after falling, connecting the second limit valve with the oil inlet pipeline and the oil return pipeline of the automatic hammering device to form a pressure relief state. At the same time, the main valve core is opened under the action of pressure, and the pressure oil flows into the oil return chamber and flows out through the oil return port. At the same time, the hammering oil cylinder rod drives the piston of the hammering oil cylinder to descend downward under the pressure of the compressed gas, causing the lifting sleeve to drive the drop hammer mechanism to descend, and keeping the limit disc pressing down the first limit valve, so that the first lifting oil cylinder rod and the second lifting oil cylinder rod descend in a state where the limit oil return pipe is connected. When the first lifting oil cylinder rod and the second lifting oil cylinder rod continue to descend, the first limit valve is released from the pressure of the limit disc, that is, it stops operating, and the drop hammer mechanism descends in a pressure relief state until the impact hammer is connected again. At this time, the automatic hammering device stops working in a pressure relief state, completing the penetration of one sounding rod.

[0050] During the hammering process, the paperless recorder records the time and the number of conversions between high pressure and low pressure feedback by the pressure sensor when the hydraulic oil is in a high pressure state during each lifting process of the hammering oil cylinder, as well as when the impact hammer freely falls and the hydraulic oil is in a low pressure state during the descending process of the hammering oil cylinder rod, so as to record the number of hammer blows; and according to the distance variable on the rope displacement sensor when the pressure sensor feedbacks low pressure, the penetration amount of each hammer blow is recorded, so as to achieve the purpose of recording the number of hammer blows and the penetration amount of the hammer blows.

[0051] For those skilled in the art, it is obvious that the present utility model is not limited to the details of the above exemplary embodiments, and several improvements and refinements can be made without departing from the spirit or basic characteristics of the present utility model. These improvements and refinements should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present utility model. Therefore, from any point of view, the embodiments should be regarded as exemplary and non-limiting. The scope of the present utility model is defined by the appended claims rather than the above description. Therefore, all changes falling within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements of the claims are intended to be included in the present utility model. Any reference signs in the claims should not be regarded as limiting the claims involved.

Claims

1. A hydraulic-driven automatic dynamic penetration testing machine, characterized in that: It includes a base, on which a console and a lifting mechanism are arranged. An automatic hammering device is arranged on the lifting mechanism, and both the lifting mechanism and the automatic hammering device are connected to the console through hydraulic pipelines; The console consists of a main inlet oil pipe, a main return oil pipe, a pressure gauge, a relief valve, a three-position three-way conversion valve, a pressure sensor, a recorder and a switch. A pressure gauge, a relief valve, a three-position three-way conversion valve and a pressure sensor are arranged on the main inlet oil pipe; The lifting mechanism consists of a first lifting oil cylinder, a second lifting oil cylinder and a cross beam. The first lifting oil cylinder rod and the second lifting oil cylinder rod are connected through the cross beam, and both the first lifting oil cylinder rod and the second lifting oil rod are designed as hollow structures and are connected through a limit return oil pipe. A first limit valve is arranged on the limit return oil pipe; A lifting return oil conduit is arranged inside the first lifting oil cylinder rod, and the lifting return oil conduit is sequentially connected to the switch and the main return oil pipe through a lifting return oil pipe; The upper parts of the first lifting oil cylinder pipe and the second lifting oil cylinder pipe are rigidly connected through a communicating pipe, and a lifting compressed gas filling joint is arranged on the communicating pipe; The lower parts of the first lifting oil cylinder and the second lifting oil cylinder are connected through a lifting inlet oil pipe to the jacking cavity; A pull rope displacement sensor, a limit guide rod, a limit guide rod spring and a second limit valve are arranged on the first lifting oil cylinder pipe; The automatic hammering device consists of a jacking mechanism, a falling hammer mechanism and a core-piercing hammer. The falling hammer mechanism is arranged on the jacking mechanism, and the falling hammer mechanism is a sliding pin type automatic falling hammer mechanism. A core-piercing hammer is arranged on the falling hammer mechanism; The jacking mechanism consists of a limit disc, a jacking sleeve and a hammering oil cylinder. The top of the jacking sleeve penetrates through the cross beam and is connected to the limit disc. The hammering oil cylinder is arranged inside the jacking sleeve. The hammering oil cylinder consists of a hammering oil cylinder rod, a hammering oil cylinder piston and a hammering oil cylinder pipe. The hammering oil cylinder rod is arranged inside the hammering oil cylinder pipe and is designed as a hollow structure. The top of the hammering oil cylinder rod sequentially penetrates through the hammering oil cylinder pipe, the jacking sleeve and the limit disc, and a hammering compressed gas filling joint is arranged at the top of the hammering oil cylinder rod. A communication hole is arranged at the lower part of the hammering oil cylinder rod; A sealing cover is arranged at the top of the hammering oil cylinder pipe; The falling hammer mechanism is arranged at the bottom of the jacking sleeve, and a core-piercing hammer is arranged on the falling hammer mechanism. The bottom of the hammering oil cylinder pipe sequentially penetrates through the jacking sleeve, the falling hammer mechanism and the core-piercing hammer; The hammering oil cylinder piston is arranged inside the hammering oil cylinder pipe. The bottom of the hammering oil cylinder rod is connected to the hammering oil cylinder piston. A hydraulic driving mechanism is arranged at the bottom of the hammering oil cylinder pipe, and the hammering oil cylinder piston is connected to the hydraulic driving mechanism; A limit plunger is arranged inside the hammering oil cylinder piston. A sealing ring is arranged at the top of the limit plunger to seal it with the inside of the hammering oil cylinder piston; A limit plunger limit groove is arranged at the lower part of the limit plunger. A limit plunger positioning pin is arranged at the corresponding position of the lower part of the hammering oil cylinder piston and the limit plunger limit groove, and the limit plunger positioning pin penetrates through the limit plunger limit groove and is fixedly connected to the hammering oil cylinder piston. An opening is arranged at the center of the limit plunger; The hydraulic driving mechanism includes an oil distribution joint. The oil distribution joint is connected to the hammering oil cylinder pipe. An oil inlet and an oil return port are arranged on the side of the oil distribution joint. The oil inlet is connected to the hammering inlet oil pipe, and the oil return port is connected to the hammering return oil pipe; An oil distribution chamber is arranged in the oil distribution joint, and the interior of the oil distribution chamber is designed from top to bottom as a main valve chamber, an oil return chamber and a force storage chamber. The main valve chamber is connected with the oil inlet, and the oil return chamber is connected with the oil return port. A stop screw is arranged at the bottom of the force storage chamber, a force storage spring is arranged on the stop screw, a force storage plunger is arranged on the top of the force storage spring, and a main valve plunger is arranged in the oil return chamber above the force storage plunger. The main valve plunger is designed to be a hollow structure, a main valve core is arranged in the main valve chamber above the main valve plunger, the main valve core is designed to be a hollow structure, the main valve core is sleeved on the main valve plunger, and a force storage one-way valve core corresponding to the opening of the limit plunger is arranged in the main valve core at the top of the main valve plunger, and the force storage one-way valve core is connected to the main valve plunger through the force storage one-way valve core spring.

2. The hydraulic drive type automatic dynamic penetration testing machine according to claim 1, wherein: The recorder is a paperless recorder.

3. The hydraulic drive type automatic dynamic penetration testing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drop hammer mechanism includes a chuck group, which consists of an inner chuck and an outer chuck. The inner chuck is in the shape of a truncated cone with a larger lower portion and a slightly smaller upper portion. The inner hole of the outer chuck is in the shape of a truncated cone with a larger lower portion and a slightly smaller upper portion. A vertical slot is arranged on the inner chuck. The outer chuck is movably connected to the inner chuck through a positioning pin matching the clamping hole. The inner chuck is connected to a lifting sleeve through a connecting thread. Several clamping holes are evenly arranged around corresponding positions of the inner chuck and the outer chuck. Clamping balls are arranged in the clamping holes. The clamping hole of the inner chuck is designed to be a small inner and large outer structure, and the clamping hole of the outer chuck is designed to be a small outer and large inner structure.

4. The hydraulic drive type automatic dynamic penetration testing machine according to claim 3, wherein: Four outer clamping holes and inner clamping holes are respectively arranged at corresponding positions of the outer ball hole and the inner ball hole at even intervals in an annular manner.

5. The hydraulic drive type automatic dynamic penetration testing machine according to claim 1, wherein: The compressed gas is liquefied gas.

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