Hydrogen energy power supply system and unmanned aerial vehicle

Abstract

The utility model relates to the field of hydrogen fuel cells, in particular to a hydrogen energy power supply system and an unmanned aerial vehicle. The hydrogen energy power supply system comprises a hydrogen fuel cabin, a storage battery cabin, a solid hydrogen fuel rod, a storage battery, a hydrogen fuel pile and a control module; the hydrogen energy power supply system is at least provided with a storage battery cabin and a matched storage battery, and the gravity centers of the storage battery cabin and the matched storage battery are always kept on the axis of the unmanned aerial vehicle; the hydrogen energy power supply system is provided with two hydrogen fuel cabins and matched solid hydrogen fuel rods, and the hydrogen fuel cabins and the solid hydrogen fuel rods are symmetrically arranged along the storage battery when being arranged; the hydrogen energy power supply system is provided with at least one hydrogen fuel electric pile; the hydrogen fuel electric pile is positioned above the hydrogen fuel cabin; and the control module is positioned below the hydrogen fuel cabin. The hydrogen energy power supply system has the advantages of being high in energy density and compact in structure.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of hydrogen fuel cells, and particularly to a hydrogen energy power supply system and a drone. Background Art

[0002] Most drones in the prior art are mainly powered by lithium batteries. However, lithium batteries have obvious short - comings such as low energy density, short endurance time, fast battery aging, and narrow applicable temperature range. As a result, during actual operations, lithium - battery drones need to return frequently for charging, seriously affecting the operation efficiency.

[0003] In recent years, with the development of hydrogen - energy related technologies, hydrogen - energy alternative solutions for drones have emerged. At present, most hydrogen - energy drones still use high - pressure hydrogen cylinders for hydrogen supply. However, high - pressure hydrogen cylinders occupy a large space and are not suitable for small drones with high space requirements. Small drones are highly sensitive to both volume and weight. Therefore, this application provides a hydrogen - energy power supply system with high energy density and compact structure to increase the endurance of drones. Utility Model Content

[0004] To overcome the deficiencies of lithium batteries and high - pressure hydrogen cylinders in related technologies, this application provides a hydrogen - energy power supply system and a drone.

[0005] In a first aspect, a hydrogen - energy power supply system provided by this application adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] A hydrogen - energy power supply system includes a hydrogen fuel tank, a battery compartment, a solid - hydrogen fuel rod, a battery, a hydrogen fuel cell stack, and a control module;

[0007] The hydrogen - energy power supply system is provided with at least one battery compartment and a supporting battery, and the center of gravity of the battery compartment and the supporting battery always remains on the axis of the hydrogen - energy power supply system; the hydrogen - energy power supply system is provided with two hydrogen fuel tanks and supporting solid - hydrogen fuel rods, and the hydrogen fuel tanks and the solid - hydrogen fuel rods are symmetrically arranged along the battery, keeping the center of gravity of the hydrogen - energy power supply system on the axis of the hydrogen - energy power supply system; the hydrogen - energy power supply system is provided with at least one hydrogen fuel cell stack, and the center of gravity of the hydrogen fuel cell stack always remains above the axis of the hydrogen - energy power supply system; the hydrogen fuel cell stack is located above the hydrogen fuel tank; the control module is located below the hydrogen fuel tank, and the center of gravity of the control module always remains below the axis of the hydrogen - energy power supply system.

[0008] Furthermore, a gas - path interface is provided at the center point of the bottom of the hydrogen fuel tank. The gas - path interface is connected to a hydrogen pipeline, and a hydrogen flow meter is provided on the hydrogen pipeline. The hydrogen flow meter is connected to the control module to monitor the hydrogen flow rate and the hydrogen release amount of the solid - hydrogen fuel rod during operation;

[0009] On both sides of the gas path interface, second connection contacts of the temperature sensor are symmetrically arranged. The first signal transmission line arranged on the second connection contacts of the temperature sensor passes through the cabin body to form an integrated interface and is connected to the control module;

[0010] An electric heating layer is arranged on the inner wall of the hydrogen fuel tank. The power supply line of the electric heating layer passes through the wall of the hydrogen fuel tank and is connected to the storage battery. During operation, the storage battery supplies power to the electric heating layer to heat the solid hydrogen fuel rod to release hydrogen. The heating power of the storage battery is adjusted by the control module according to the monitored operating parameters;

[0011] The outer shell material of the hydrogen fuel tank is set as heat-insulating plastic.

[0012] Further, a hydrogen outlet and a first connection contact of the temperature sensor are arranged at the center point of the front end of the solid hydrogen fuel rod. The hydrogen outlet and the first connection contact of the temperature sensor cooperate with the gas path interface at the bottom of the hydrogen fuel tank and the second connection contact of the temperature sensor; The inside of the solid hydrogen fuel rod is filled with a solid hydrogen material with a high hydrogen density. The first connection contact of the temperature sensor is connected to the first temperature sensor. The first temperature sensor is built into the solid hydrogen fuel rod and inserted into the solid hydrogen material with a high hydrogen density to monitor the temperature change of the material; A bursting disc or a safety valve is also arranged on the end cover of the solid hydrogen fuel rod.

[0013] Further, a battery socket is arranged at the bottom of the storage battery compartment. The second signal transmission line connected thereto passes through the storage battery compartment and is connected to the control module. The electric output line is connected to the port of the electric heating layer of the hydrogen fuel tank; A plug connector matching the battery socket at the bottom of the storage battery compartment is arranged at the front end of the storage battery. The size of the end cover of the storage battery is slightly larger than the hatch of the storage battery compartment, which is convenient for plugging and unplugging operations.

[0014] Further, the hydrogen fuel cell stack is set as an open cathode fuel cell stack. The hydrogen energy power supply system is also provided with a hydrogen gas flow channel and a heat dissipation and drainage fan. The heat dissipation and drainage fan draws air to the cathode of the bipolar plate and reacts with the hydrogen gas diffused to the anode of the bipolar plate through the hydrogen gas flow channel to generate electricity; While the heat dissipation and drainage fan conducts air diversion, it can dissipate heat from the fuel cell stack and purge the water vapor generated by the reaction. The remaining hydrogen gas after the reaction can be discharged from the outlet of the hydrogen gas flow channel; The inlet of the hydrogen gas flow channel is connected to the outlet of the hydrogen fuel tank through a hydrogen gas pipeline. A pressure sensor is arranged on the hydrogen gas pipeline to monitor the hydrogen gas pressure in the system. At the same time, a solenoid valve is arranged on the hydrogen gas pipeline and is opened when the hydrogen gas pressure in the system reaches the requirement of the hydrogen fuel cell stack; A second temperature sensor and a humidity sensor are arranged on the hydrogen fuel cell stack to monitor the operating condition of the fuel cell stack.

[0015] Further, the control module receives various operating parameters from the hydrogen fuel module, the storage battery module and the hydrogen fuel cell stack, monitors and records the operating states of each module, and makes a logical calculation and judgment to issue an instruction to adjust the operating state to match the energy consumption demand.

[0016] Further, the control module integrates a hydrogen fuel cell control module, a DC / DC conversion module, and a flight control module.

[0017] Further, after the hydrogen energy power supply system is started, the storage battery heats the electric heating layer on the inner wall of the hydrogen fuel tank. When the temperature reaches a certain level, the solid hydrogen fuel rod starts to release hydrogen. When the control module monitors that the pressure in the system accumulates to the requirement of the hydrogen fuel cell stack, the solenoid valve on the hydrogen pipeline is opened, and hydrogen enters the hydrogen fuel cell stack for power generation. The output power of the hydrogen fuel cell is the main power source for the operation of each component. The storage battery is used to accelerate the response of the power supply system to the power demand. When it is necessary to quickly increase the output power, it outputs electric energy together with the hydrogen fuel cell. When it is necessary to quickly reduce the power, it can absorb the excess power of the hydrogen fuel cell for self-charging. During operation, the storage battery receives instructions from the control module and adjusts the heating power of the solid hydrogen fuel rod in real time, thereby adjusting the hydrogen release rate of the high-hydrogen-density solid hydrogen material.

[0018] In a second aspect, a drone provided by the present application adopts the following technical solutions:

[0019] A drone, the drone includes the hydrogen energy power supply system.

[0020] Further, the drone includes: a cavity, a rotor, a rotor motor, and an arm. The hydrogen energy power supply system supplies power to the drone rotor. The rotor is connected to the flight control module integrated in the control module, and the flight state of the drone during flight is adjusted by combining the power regulation of the hydrogen energy power supply system. The hydrogen energy power supply system supplies power to the energy-consuming components equipped on the drone. Ventilation and heat dissipation holes are provided on the drone cavity to ensure that the hydrogen fuel cell stack is in a relatively open environment, so that air can smoothly enter the hydrogen fuel cell stack for reaction, and the gas after reaction can be discharged in time. Combined with the operation of the heat dissipation and drainage fan, the heat generated by the system can be dissipated in time. The axis of the hydrogen energy power supply system and the axis of the drone are located in the same vertical plane.

[0021] In summary, the present application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:

[0022] 1. The solid hydrogen fuel rod of the hydrogen energy power supply system uses a high-hydrogen-density solid hydrogen material, which has the advantage of high energy density. Carrying the same amount of energy, it is lighter and smaller in volume than lithium-ion batteries and high-pressure gas cylinders, or can carry more energy under the same weight or volume conditions, effectively enhancing the endurance of the power supply system.

[0023] 2. Thanks to the relatively high energy density of the power supply system, the hydrogen energy power supply system of the present application is structurally compact, small in volume, and light in weight. It can be built into the drone cavity, effectively controlling the volume of the drone assembly and reducing the flight wind resistance of the drone, improving the energy utilization efficiency.

[0024] 3. The signal transmission line and the power supply line are both arranged on the battery compartment and the hydrogen fuel compartment and connected to the rest of the system components. When installing the battery and the solid hydrogen fuel rod, they only need to be simply inserted into the compartment to achieve contact and interface connection.

[0025] 4. The signal lines and power supply lines between the units of the system adopt integrated interfaces and can be flexibly configured according to the characteristics of the internal space of the UAV, which is simple and convenient to deploy and has strong adaptability.

[0026] 5. The control module also integrates the hydrogen fuel cell control module and the DC / DC conversion module supporting the hydrogen fuel cell, as well as the flight control module of the UAV. Physically, it is manifested as a control module, thus reducing the system components, improving the space utilization efficiency, and facilitating flexible deployment. Description of the Drawings

[0027] Figure 1 It is an exploded schematic diagram of the overall structure of the hydrogen energy power supply system described in the embodiment of the present application.

[0028] Figure 2 It is a side schematic diagram of the overall structure of the hydrogen energy power supply system described in the embodiment of the present application.

[0029] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the hydrogen fuel module described in the embodiment of the present application.

[0030] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the hydrogen fuel module described in the embodiment of the present application.

[0031] Figure 5 It is a rear view of the UAV described in the embodiment of the present application.

[0032] Figure 6 It is Figure 5 A partial enlarged schematic diagram of part A in where the energy supply unit is not installed.

[0033] Figure 7 It is Figure 5 A partial enlarged schematic diagram of part A in where the energy supply unit is installed.

[0034] Reference numerals: 1, hydrogen fuel tank; 2, hydrogen fuel cell stack; 3, control module; 4, solid hydrogen fuel rod; 5, storage battery; 6, heat dissipation and drainage fan; 7, rupture disc or safety valve; 8, pressure sensor; 9, solenoid valve; 10, hydrogen flow meter; 11, hydrogen pipeline; 13, first connection contact of temperature sensor; 14, hydrogen outlet; 15, connection point of hydrogen pipeline; 16, integrated interface; 17, heat insulation housing; 18, first temperature sensor; 19, gas path interface; 20, first signal transmission line; 21, electric heating layer; 22, storage battery compartment; 23, battery socket; 24, rotor; 25, rotor motor; 26, ventilation and heat dissipation holes; 27, cavity; 28, arm; 29, tail cover of solid hydrogen fuel rod; 30, second connection contact of temperature sensor. Detailed implementation manners

[0035] The following further elaborates on this application Figures 1-7 in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0036] This application provides a hydrogen energy power supply system and a drone, including a hydrogen energy power supply system and a multi-rotor drone;

[0037] Referring to Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 , the hydrogen energy power supply system includes a hydrogen fuel tank 1, a storage battery compartment 22, a solid hydrogen fuel rod 4, a storage battery 5, a hydrogen fuel cell stack 2, and a control module 3.

[0038] In the embodiments of this application, two hydrogen fuel tanks 1 and two supporting solid hydrogen fuel rods 4 are provided. The hydrogen fuel tanks 1 and the solid hydrogen fuel rods 4 are arranged axially symmetrically to keep the center of gravity of the hydrogen energy power supply system on the axis of the hydrogen energy power supply system; a storage battery compartment 22 and a supporting storage battery 5 are arranged in the middle of the two hydrogen fuel tanks 1; the hydrogen fuel cell stack 2 is located above the hydrogen fuel tank 1, and two heat dissipation and drainage fans 6 are arranged axially symmetrically on the left and right at the tail; the control module 3 is located below the hydrogen fuel tank 1 and forms a signal transmission with each unit through an interface.

[0039] A quick-connect and pluggable gas path interface 19 is provided at the center point of the bottom of the hydrogen fuel tank 1, preferably a connector with a check valve function to prevent hydrogen from flowing back into the solid hydrogen fuel rod 4. The gas path interface 19 is subsequently connected to a hydrogen pipeline 11, and a hydrogen flow meter 10 is arranged on the hydrogen pipeline 11. The hydrogen flow meter 10 is connected to the control module 3 to monitor the hydrogen flow rate during operation and the hydrogen release amount of the solid hydrogen fuel rod 4.

[0040] Second connection contacts 30 of the temperature sensor are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the gas path interface 19. The first signal transmission line 20 arranged on the second connection contacts 30 of the temperature sensor penetrates through the housing of the hydrogen fuel tank 1 to form an integrated interface 16 and is connected to the control module 3.

[0041] An electric heating layer 21 is provided on the inner wall of the hydrogen fuel tank 1. The power supply line of the electric heating layer 21 passes through the wall of the hydrogen fuel tank 1 and is connected to the storage battery 5. During operation, the storage battery 5 supplies power to the electric heating layer 21 to heat the solid hydrogen fuel rod 4 to release hydrogen, and the heating power of the storage battery 5 is adjusted by the control module 3 according to the monitored operating parameters.

[0042] The outer shell material of the hydrogen fuel tank 1 is set as heat-insulating plastic, which can prevent the relatively high temperature of the solid hydrogen fuel rod 4 from interfering with the surrounding components and play a heat preservation role at the same time to improve the heating efficiency.

[0043] A hydrogen outlet 14 is provided at the center point of the front end of the solid hydrogen fuel rod 4, and temperature sensor first connection contacts 13 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the hydrogen outlet 14. The hydrogen outlet 14 and the temperature sensor first connection contacts 13 cooperate with the gas path interface 19 at the bottom of the hydrogen fuel tank 1 and the temperature sensor second connection contacts 30; high-hydrogen-density solid hydrogen material is filled inside the solid hydrogen fuel rod 4, and the temperature sensor first connection contacts 13 are connected to the first temperature sensor 18. The first temperature sensor 18 is built into the solid hydrogen fuel rod and inserted into the high-hydrogen-density solid hydrogen material to monitor the temperature change of the material; a bursting disc or safety valve 7 is provided on the tail cover 29 of the solid hydrogen fuel rod, which can release pressure in time under overpressure conditions to ensure system safety; the size of the tail cover 29 of the solid hydrogen fuel rod is slightly larger than the hatch, which is convenient for plugging and unplugging operations.

[0044] One storage battery 5 is provided in the hydrogen energy power supply system of the embodiment of the present application, and the center of gravity of the storage battery 5 is kept on the axis of the hydrogen energy power supply system; the storage battery 5 is located between two solid hydrogen fuel rods 4, and the two solid hydrogen fuel rods 4 are symmetric about the storage battery 5. A battery socket 23 is provided at the bottom of the storage battery compartment 22, and the second signal transmission line connected thereto passes through the storage battery compartment 22 and is connected to the control module 3. The electric output line is connected to the port of the electric heating layer 21 of the hydrogen fuel tank 1; a plug connector matching the battery socket 23 at the bottom of the storage battery compartment 22 is provided at the front end of the storage battery 5, and the size of the tail cover of the storage battery is slightly larger than the hatch, which is convenient for plugging and unplugging operations.

[0045] The signal transmission line and the power supply line are both provided on the storage battery compartment 22 and the hydrogen fuel tank 1 and are connected to the rest of the system components. When the storage battery 5 and the solid hydrogen fuel rod 4 are installed, they only need to be simply inserted into the cabin body to realize contact and interface connection.

[0046] In the embodiment of the present application, the hydrogen energy power supply system is provided with a hydrogen fuel cell stack 2, and the center of gravity of the hydrogen fuel cell stack 2 is maintained above the axis of the hydrogen energy power supply system; the hydrogen fuel cell stack 2 is set as an open cathode fuel cell stack, and the hydrogen energy power supply system is further provided with a hydrogen gas flow channel and a heat dissipation and drainage fan 6. The heat dissipation and drainage fan 6 draws air to the cathode of the bipolar plate and reacts with the hydrogen gas diffused to the anode of the bipolar plate through the hydrogen gas flow channel to generate electricity; while the heat dissipation and drainage fan 6 conducts air diversion, it can dissipate heat from the fuel cell stack and purge the water vapor generated by the reaction. The remaining hydrogen gas after the reaction can be discharged from the outlet of the hydrogen gas flow channel; the inlet of the hydrogen gas flow channel is connected to the outlet of the hydrogen fuel tank 1 through a pipeline, and a pressure sensor 8 is arranged on the hydrogen gas pipeline 11 to monitor the hydrogen gas pressure in the system. At the same time, a solenoid valve 9 is arranged on the hydrogen gas pipeline 11 and is opened when the hydrogen gas pressure in the system reaches the requirement of the hydrogen fuel cell stack 2.

[0047] A second temperature sensor and a humidity sensor are arranged on the hydrogen fuel cell stack 2 to monitor the operating conditions of the fuel cell stack.

[0048] The gas path interfaces 19 at the bottoms of the left and right hydrogen fuel tanks 1 are connected to the external hydrogen gas pipeline 11. After passing through their respective hydrogen gas flow meters 10, they are connected and merged into one path through a three-way valve and enter the hydrogen fuel cell stack 2. A solenoid valve 9 and a pressure sensor 8 are arranged on the merged hydrogen gas pipeline 11. The solenoid valve 9 is used to control the opening and closing of the gas path, and the pressure sensor 8 is used to monitor the pressure in the system.

[0049] The control module 3 receives various operating parameters from the hydrogen fuel module, the battery module, and the hydrogen fuel cell stack 2, monitors and records the operating states of each module, and issues instructions to adjust the operating states through logical calculation and judgment. When the hydrogen energy power supply system is applied to an unmanned aerial vehicle, it can match the flight energy consumption requirements of the unmanned aerial vehicle through power adjustment. The control module 3 also integrates a hydrogen fuel cell control module, a DC / DC conversion module, and a flight control module, which physically presents as a control module, reducing system components, improving space utilization efficiency, and facilitating flexible deployment; it has the effect of providing a hydrogen energy power supply system with high energy density and compact structure.

[0050] The signal lines and power lines between the system units are connected using an integrated interface and can be flexibly configured according to the internal space characteristics of the unmanned aerial vehicle, with simple and convenient deployment and strong adaptability.

[0051] In another embodiment, the present application further provides an unmanned aerial vehicle, and the unmanned aerial vehicle includes the hydrogen energy power supply system, and the axis of the hydrogen energy power supply system and the axis of the unmanned aerial vehicle are located in the same vertical plane.

[0052] Refer to Figure 5 、 Figure 6 、 Figure 7, The multi-rotor 24 unmanned aerial vehicle includes: a cavity 27, rotors 24, rotor motors 25, and arm 28. Thanks to its high energy density, the hydrogen energy power supply system is arranged axially symmetrically inside the cavity 27 of the unmanned aerial vehicle. The hydrogen energy power supply system powers the rotors 24 of the unmanned aerial vehicle to drive the unmanned aerial vehicle to fly. The rotors 24 are connected to and integrated with the flight control module of the control module 3, and the flight state of the unmanned aerial vehicle during flight is adjusted by combining the power regulation of the hydrogen energy power supply system. The multi-rotor 24 unmanned aerial vehicle in the embodiment of the present application is set as a small multi-rotor 24 unmanned aerial vehicle.

[0053] The hydrogen energy power supply system powers energy-consuming components such as cameras and sensors equipped on the unmanned aerial vehicle; ventilation and heat dissipation holes 26 are provided on the cavity 27 of the unmanned aerial vehicle to ensure that the hydrogen fuel cell stack 2 is in a relatively open environment, enabling air to smoothly enter the hydrogen fuel cell stack 2 to react, and the gas after the reaction can be discharged in a timely manner. At the same time, combined with the operation of the heat dissipation and drainage fan 6, the heat generated by the system can be dissipated in a timely manner.

[0054] The connection method between the hydrogen energy power supply system and the multi-rotor 24 unmanned aerial vehicle is: The hydrogen energy power supply system except for the energy supply unit is fixedly installed inside the cavity 27 of the multi-rotor 24 unmanned aerial vehicle. The energy supply unit refers to the storage battery 5 and the solid hydrogen fuel rod 4. The storage battery 5 and the solid hydrogen fuel rod 4 are respectively matched with the storage battery compartment 22 and the hydrogen fuel compartment 1 and can be disassembled and assembled in a pluggable manner. Refer to Figure 6 , The cavity 27 is not equipped with an energy supply unit for the hydrogen energy power supply system. Refer to Figure 7 , The cavity 27 is equipped with an energy supply unit for the hydrogen energy power supply system.

[0055] The working principle of the embodiment of the present application is: After the hydrogen energy power supply system is started, the storage battery 5 heats the inner wall heating layer of the hydrogen fuel compartment 1. When it reaches a certain temperature, the solid hydrogen fuel rod 4 starts to release hydrogen; when the control module 3 monitors that the pressure in the system accumulates to the requirement of the hydrogen fuel cell stack 2, the solenoid valve 9 on the hydrogen gas pipeline 11 is opened, and hydrogen enters the hydrogen fuel cell stack 2 for power generation; during the operation of the unmanned aerial vehicle, the output electric energy of the hydrogen fuel cell is the main electric energy source for the operation of each component of the unmanned aerial vehicle. Since the response of the hydrogen fuel cell to power changes has a certain lag, the storage battery 5 is used to accelerate the response of the power supply system to power requirements. When it is necessary to quickly increase the output power, it outputs electric energy together with the hydrogen fuel cell. When it is necessary to quickly reduce the power, it can absorb the excess power of the hydrogen fuel cell for self-charging; at the same time, during the operation, the storage battery 5 receives the instruction of the control module 3 and adjusts the heating power of the solid hydrogen fuel rod 4 in real time, and then adjusts the hydrogen release rate of the high-hydrogen-density solid hydrogen material.

[0056] The solid hydrogen fuel rod of the hydrogen energy power supply system uses a solid hydrogen material with a high hydrogen density, having the advantage of a high energy density. When carrying the same amount of energy, it is lighter and smaller in volume than lithium-ion batteries and high-pressure gas cylinders, or can carry more energy under the condition of the same weight or volume, effectively enhancing the endurance of the power supply system; thanks to the relatively high energy density of the power supply system, the hydrogen energy power supply system of this application is structurally compact, small in volume and light in weight, and can be built into the cavity 27 of the drone, effectively controlling the volume of the drone assembly and reducing the flight wind resistance of the drone, thereby improving the energy utilization efficiency.

[0057] The above are all preferred embodiments of this application, and the protection scope of this application is not limited thereby. Therefore, all equivalent changes made according to the structure, shape, and principle of this application shall be covered within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A hydrogen energy power supply system, characterized in that: It includes a hydrogen fuel tank (1), a battery compartment (22), a solid hydrogen fuel rod (4), a battery (5), a hydrogen fuel cell stack (2), and a control module (3); The hydrogen energy power supply system is provided with at least one battery compartment (22) and a supporting battery (5), and the center of gravity of the battery compartment (22) and the supporting battery (5) always remains on the axis of the hydrogen energy power supply system; the hydrogen energy power supply system is provided with two hydrogen fuel tanks (1) and supporting solid hydrogen fuel rods (4), and the hydrogen fuel tanks (1) and the solid hydrogen fuel rods (4) are symmetrically arranged along the battery (5) to keep the center of gravity of the hydrogen energy power supply system on the axis of the hydrogen energy power supply system; the hydrogen energy power supply system is provided with at least one hydrogen fuel cell stack (2), and the center of gravity of the hydrogen fuel cell stack (2) always remains above the axis of the hydrogen energy power supply system; the hydrogen fuel cell stack (2) is located above the hydrogen fuel tank (1); the control module (3) is located below the hydrogen fuel tank (1), and the center of gravity of the control module (3) always remains below the axis of the hydrogen energy power supply system; A gas path interface (19) is provided at the center point of the bottom of the hydrogen fuel tank (1), the gas path interface (19) is connected to a hydrogen pipeline (11), a hydrogen flow meter (10) is provided on the hydrogen pipeline (11), and the hydrogen flow meter (10) is connected to the control module (3) to monitor the hydrogen flow rate and the hydrogen release amount of the solid hydrogen fuel rod (4) during operation; Temperature sensor second connection contacts (30) are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the gas path interface (19), and a first signal transmission line (20) provided on the temperature sensor second connection contacts (30) passes through the hull of the hydrogen fuel tank (1) to form an integrated interface (16) and is connected to the control module (3); an electric heating layer (21) is provided on the inner wall of the hydrogen fuel tank (1), and the power supply wire of the electric heating layer (21) passes through the hull of the hydrogen fuel tank (1) and is connected to the battery (5). During operation, the battery (5) supplies power to the electric heating layer (21) to heat the solid hydrogen fuel rod (4) to release hydrogen, and the heating power of the battery (5) is adjusted by the control module (3) according to the monitored operating parameters; The outer shell material of the hydrogen fuel tank (1) is set as heat-insulating plastic.

2. The hydrogen energy power supply system according to claim 1, wherein: The front end of the solid hydrogen fuel rod (4) is provided with a hydrogen outlet (14) and a temperature sensor first connection contact (13), and the hydrogen outlet (14) and the temperature sensor first connection contact (13) cooperate with the gas path interface (19) at the bottom of the hydrogen fuel tank (1) and the temperature sensor second connection contact (30); the inside of the solid hydrogen fuel rod (4) is filled with a high-hydrogen-density solid hydrogen material, the temperature sensor first connection contact (13) is connected to a first temperature sensor (18), and the first temperature sensor (18) is built into the solid hydrogen fuel rod (4) and inserted into the high-hydrogen-density solid hydrogen material to monitor the temperature change of the material; a bursting disc or a safety valve (7) is also provided on the tail cover (29) of the solid hydrogen fuel rod.

3. The hydrogen energy power supply system according to claim 2, wherein: At the bottom of the battery compartment (22), there is a battery socket (23). The second signal transmission line connected thereto passes through the battery compartment (22) and is connected to the control module (3). The electric output line is connected to the port of the electric heating layer (21) of the hydrogen fuel compartment (1). At the front end of the battery (5), there is a plug that matches the battery socket (23) at the bottom of the battery compartment (22). The size of the battery tail cover is larger than the hatch of the battery compartment (22), which facilitates the plugging and unplugging operation.

4. The hydrogen energy power supply system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The hydrogen fuel cell stack (2) is set as an open cathode fuel cell stack. The hydrogen energy power supply system is also provided with a hydrogen gas flow channel and a heat dissipation and drainage fan (6). The heat dissipation and drainage fan (6) guides air to the cathode of the bipolar plate and reacts with the hydrogen gas diffused to the anode of the bipolar plate through the hydrogen gas flow channel to generate electricity. While guiding the air flow, the heat dissipation and drainage fan (6) can dissipate heat from the fuel cell stack and purge the water vapor generated by the reaction. The remaining hydrogen gas after the reaction can be discharged from the outlet of the hydrogen gas flow channel. The inlet of the hydrogen gas flow channel is connected to the outlet of the hydrogen fuel compartment (1) through a hydrogen gas pipeline (11). A pressure sensor (8) is provided on the hydrogen gas pipeline (11) to monitor the hydrogen gas pressure in the system. At the same time, a solenoid valve (9) is provided on the hydrogen gas pipeline (11), which is opened when the hydrogen gas pressure in the system reaches the requirement of the hydrogen fuel cell stack (2). A second temperature sensor and a humidity sensor are provided on the hydrogen fuel cell stack (2) to monitor the operating conditions of the fuel cell stack.

5. The hydrogen energy power supply system according to claim 4, wherein: The control module (3) receives various operating parameters from the hydrogen fuel module, the battery module, and the hydrogen fuel cell stack (2), monitors and records the operating states of each module, and issues instructions to adjust the operating states through logical calculation to match the energy consumption requirements.

6. The hydrogen energy power supply system according to claim 5, wherein: The control module (3) integrates a hydrogen fuel cell control module, a DC / DC conversion module, and a flight control module.

7. The hydrogen energy power supply system according to claim 6, characterized in that: After the hydrogen energy power supply system is started, the battery (5) heats the inner wall electric heating layer of the hydrogen fuel compartment (1). When the temperature reaches a certain level, the solid hydrogen fuel rod (4) starts to release hydrogen. When the control module (3) monitors that the pressure in the system accumulates to the requirement of the hydrogen fuel cell stack (2), the solenoid valve (9) on the hydrogen gas pipeline (11) is opened, and hydrogen gas enters the hydrogen fuel cell stack (2) to generate electricity. The electric energy output by the hydrogen fuel cell is the main power source for the operation of each component. The battery (5) is used to accelerate the response of the power supply system to the power demand. When it is necessary to quickly increase the output power, it outputs electric energy together with the hydrogen fuel cell. When it is necessary to quickly reduce the power, it can absorb the excess power of the hydrogen fuel cell for self-charging. During the operation, the battery (5) receives the instructions from the control module (3) and adjusts the heating power of the solid hydrogen fuel rod (4) in real time, thereby adjusting the hydrogen release rate of the high-hydrogen-density solid hydrogen material.

8. A drone, characterized in that: The unmanned aerial vehicle includes the hydrogen energy power supply system according to any one of claims 1-7.

9. The drone according to claim 8, characterized in that: The drone includes: a cavity (27), a rotor (24), a rotor motor (25), and an arm (28). The hydrogen energy power supply system powers the rotor (24) of the drone. The rotor (24) is connected to a flight control module integrated in the control module (3). By combining the power regulation of the hydrogen energy power supply system, the flight state of the drone is adjusted during flight. The hydrogen energy power supply system powers the energy-consuming components equipped on the drone. Ventilation and heat dissipation holes (26) are provided on the drone cavity (27) to ensure that the hydrogen fuel cell stack (2) is in a relatively open environment, enabling air to smoothly enter the hydrogen fuel cell stack (2) for reaction and the reacted gas to be discharged in a timely manner. By combining the operation of the heat dissipation and drainage fan (6), the heat generated by the system can be dissipated in a timely manner. The axis of the hydrogen energy power supply system and the axis of the drone are located in the same vertical plane.

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