Large-area perovskite photovoltaic packaging assembly

Abstract

The utility model discloses a large-area perovskite photovoltaic packaging assembly, which comprises a photovoltaic assembly formed by connecting a plurality of sub-cells in series, and the photovoltaic assembly comprises metal electrodes and leads. The adjacent sub-cells are separated and independent by laser etching seams arranged on the metal electrodes; the surface, close to the metal electrode, of the photovoltaic module is coated with a buffer layer, and the bottom of the buffer layer permeates and fills the laser etching seam; a protective layer is arranged on the buffer layer and is a POE (Polyolefin Elastomer) film layer or a butyl rubber layer; the end of the wire is wrapped and fixed by the protective layer. Damage caused by deformation of the cover plate glass can be effectively avoided, an integrated sealing body can be better formed, and the overall stability is better.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of perovskite batteries, in particular to a large-area perovskite photovoltaic encapsulation component. Background Technique

[0002] Perovskite batteries are new types of photovoltaic devices. Stability is a major problem that needs to be overcome in the development of perovskite batteries. Among them, the influence of water vapor erosion on perovskite batteries is the greatest, and encapsulation is considered the most effective method to solve water vapor erosion. In the prior art, the commonly used battery encapsulation process includes: placing a layer of POE film on the back electrode of the photovoltaic module, placing an edge sealant on the substrate and on the outer peripheral side of the photovoltaic module, and then covering the cover glass on the edge sealant to form an overall to be encapsulated. The above overall to be encapsulated is placed in a laminator for vacuum pumping and heating, pumping out excess air and water vapor and heating to make the film and butyl rubber melt, and applying pressure through the laminator to bond the substrate and the cover glass as a whole to wrap the module, so as to isolate external water and oxygen.

[0003] However, in actual operation, as the size of the module changes, the size of the cover glass also continuously increases, and the resulting deformation is also greater. When the overall encapsulation is evacuated, the cover glass is prone to deformation. The central part of the glass cover will sink first. During the lamination process, the force is uneven, and the molten film in the center will be squeezed to the periphery. The flow of the film will cause the metal electrodes to overlap and short-circuit, ultimately affecting the performance of the perovskite photovoltaic module.

[0004] Therefore, the utility model aims to develop a large-area perovskite photovoltaic encapsulation component to solve the problems that the cover glass of the large-area perovskite photovoltaic encapsulation component in the prior art is prone to deformation under high temperature and high pressure, the photovoltaic module is easily damaged and its performance deteriorates, and further improve the overall sealing performance and stability. Content of the Utility Model

[0005] The technical problem solved by the utility model is to provide a large-area perovskite photovoltaic encapsulation component to solve the above-mentioned disadvantages in the background technique.

[0006] The technical problem solved by the utility model is realized by adopting the following technical solutions:

[0007] A large-area perovskite photovoltaic encapsulation component,

[0008] including a photovoltaic module composed of multiple sub-cells connected in series, the photovoltaic module includes metal electrodes and wires;

[0009] Adjacent sub-cells are separated independently by laser etching seams provided on the metal electrodes;

[0010] A buffer layer is coated on the surface of the photovoltaic module close to the metal electrodes, and the bottom of the buffer layer penetrates and fills the laser etching seams;

[0011] A protective layer is provided on the buffer layer, and the protective layer is a POE film layer or a butyl rubber layer;

[0012] The end of the wire is wrapped and fixed by the protective layer.

[0013] Further, the buffer layer is a silicone-based elastic layer including a polymer and a crosslinking agent.

[0014] Further, the buffer layer is a PDMS material layer, and the PDMS material layer is a Dow Corning DC184 silicone layer.

[0015] Further, the thickness of the PDMS material layer is 200 μm to 500 μm.

[0016] Further, the photovoltaic module includes a wire, and further includes a glass substrate layer, an FTO layer, a hole transport layer, an active layer, an electron transport layer, a metal electrode, a protective layer, and a capping glass layer arranged in sequence; the wire is welded and fixed to the metal electrode.

[0017] Further, the FTO layer is a rigid fluorine-doped tin oxide conductive glass layer.

[0018] Further, the active layer is a perovskite layer.

[0019] Beneficial effects: The large-area perovskite photovoltaic encapsulation module of the present invention has a simple structure and low preparation cost, can effectively avoid the damage caused by the deformation of the cover glass, form an integrated sealing body, and further improve the overall stability of the large-area perovskite photovoltaic encapsulation module. Description of the Drawings

[0020] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the encapsulation structure of a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of a laser etching seam in a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the distribution of the wire and the protective layer in a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 4 It is a diagram of the photoelectric conversion efficiency before and after encapsulation of a photovoltaic module containing a PDMS material layer in the present invention.

[0024] Figure 5 It is a decay curve diagram of the photovoltaic module in the present invention after aging for 2000 hours.

[0025] Wherein: 1. Glass base layer; 2. FTO layer; 3. Hole transport layer; 4. Active layer; 5. Electron transport layer; 6. Metal electrode; 7. Buffer layer; 8. Protective layer; 9. Capping glass layer; 10. Lead wire; 11. Laser etching seam. Detailed implementation mode

[0026] In order to make the technical means, creative features, achieved purposes and effects realized by the present utility model easy to understand, the present utility model will be further described below in conjunction with specific illustrations.

[0027] See Figures 1 to 5 as shown.

[0028] In the large-area perovskite photovoltaic encapsulation component of the present utility model, the photovoltaic component includes a photovoltaic component formed by connecting a plurality of sub-cells in series. As Figure 1 shown, the photovoltaic component includes a lead wire 10, and further includes a glass base layer 1, an FTO layer 2, a hole transport layer 3, an active layer 4, an electron transport layer 5, a metal electrode 6, a protective layer 8 and a capping glass layer 9 arranged in sequence; wherein the lead wire 10 is welded and fixed to the metal electrode 6. In a preferred embodiment, the lead wire 10 is welded to the metal electrode 6 by an ultrasonic soldering iron. During welding, the lead wire 10 should be completely attached to the electrode to form a good ohmic contact.

[0029] In the present utility model, as Figure 2 shown, adjacent sub-cells of the photovoltaic component are separated independently by a laser etching seam 11 provided on the metal electrode 6. The metal electrodes 6 of adjacent sub-cells need to be completely etched at the end by laser. If the metal electrodes 6 of two adjacent sub-cells are not completely etched or there is overlap, it will easily cause a short circuit between adjacent sub-cells.

[0030] As Figure 1As shown, a buffer layer 7 is coated on the surface of the photovoltaic module near the metal electrode 6, and the bottom of the buffer layer 7 penetrates and fills the laser etching seam 11. In a preferred embodiment, the buffer layer 7 is preferably a silicone-based elastic layer including a polymer and a crosslinking agent, so as to have certain elasticity and sealing performance and can play a good buffering effect. In a more preferred embodiment, the buffer layer 7 is a PDMS material layer. The PDMS penetrates into the P3 laser-etched seam. After heating and curing, a transparent elastic film can be formed on the surface of the metal electrode 6 and in the laser etching seam 11. On the one hand, the elastic PDMS in the laser etching seam 11 can effectively prevent the overlap of adjacent sub-cell metal electrodes 6. On the other hand, the PDMS elastic film on the surface of the metal electrode 6 has the function of buffering pressure, which can effectively solve the problems of deformation of the cover glass, the first depression in the central part, and uneven stress during the lamination process. In this embodiment, the PDMS material layer is a commercially available Dow Corning DC184 silicone layer. The thickness of the PDMS material layer on the surface of the metal electrode 6 is 200 μm to 500 μm, preferably 400 μm.

[0031] As Figure 3 shown, in the present utility model, a protective layer is provided on the buffer layer 7, and the protective layer is a POE film layer or a butyl rubber layer; preferably a butyl rubber layer, and the butyl rubber layer has stronger water blocking ability and can effectively prevent the lateral penetration of water vapor. The end of the wire 10 is first clamped and fixed with a strip-shaped butyl rubber to achieve preliminary wrapping, and then the wire 10 is further tightly wrapped by the butyl rubber layer on the surface of the buffer layer 7. The viscosity and fluidity of the butyl rubber layer can prevent the wire 10 from rigidly contacting the FTO, thereby further avoiding the occurrence of the phenomenon that the formed water vapor enters the cavity channel and damages the performance of the photovoltaic module.

[0032] The photovoltaic module containing the PDMS material layer in the present utility model is compared with the photovoltaic module without the PDMS material layer.

[0033] As Figure 4 can be seen, the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the photovoltaic module described in the present utility model before and after encapsulation remains basically unchanged, indicating that the photovoltaic module described in the present utility model has relatively stable performance and is superior to the existing ordinary photovoltaic modules.

[0034] Referring Figure 5 to, it can be seen from the attenuation curve after aging for 2000 hours under the conditions of 85% humidity and 85 °C that the photovoltaic module described in the present utility model has good stability.

[0035] In the description of the present utility model, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings. It is only for the convenience of describing the present utility model and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, it should not be construed as a limitation to the present utility model.

[0036] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the quantity of the indicated technical features. Thus, the features defined with "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of such features. In the description of the present utility model, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise specifically defined.

[0037] In the present utility model, unless otherwise clearly specified and defined, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected to", "fixed", etc. shall be understood in a broad sense. For example, it may be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it may be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it may be the communication inside two elements.

[0038] The above content is a further detailed description of the present utility model in combination with specific implementation manners, and it cannot be determined that the specific implementation of the present utility model is only limited to these descriptions. For those of ordinary skill in the technical field to which the present utility model belongs, without departing from the concept of the present utility model, several simple deductions or substitutions can still be made.

Claims

1. A large-area perovskite photovoltaic encapsulation component, characterized in that it includes a photovoltaic component composed of multiple sub-cells connected in series, and the photovoltaic component includes metal electrodes and wires; adjacent sub-cells are separated independently by laser etching seams provided on the metal electrodes; a buffer layer is coated on the surface of the photovoltaic component close to the metal electrode, and the bottom of the buffer layer penetrates and fills the laser etching seams; a protective layer is provided on the buffer layer, and the protective layer is a POE film layer or a butyl rubber layer; the ends of the wires are wrapped and fixed by the protective layer.

2. The large-area perovskite photovoltaic encapsulation component according to claim 1, wherein The buffer layer is a PDMS material layer, and the PDMS material layer is a Dow Corning DC184 silicone layer.

3. The large-area perovskite photovoltaic encapsulation component according to claim 2, wherein The thickness of the PDMS material layer is 200μm to 500μm.

4. The large-area perovskite photovoltaic encapsulation component according to claim 1, characterized in that, The photovoltaic component includes wires, and also includes a glass substrate layer, an FTO layer, a hole transport layer, an active layer, an electron transport layer, a metal electrode, a protective layer, and a capping glass layer arranged in sequence; the wires are welded and fixed to the metal electrode.

5. The large-area perovskite photovoltaic encapsulation component according to claim 4, wherein The FTO layer is a rigid fluorine-doped tin oxide conductive glass layer.

6. The large-area perovskite photovoltaic encapsulation component according to claim 4, characterized in that, The active layer is a perovskite layer.

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