Rotational flow water distribution fluidized bed crystallization reactor
By cyclone water distribution and multi-layer water distribution, the problem of uneven scale and supersaturation in the fluidized bed crystal reactor is solved, and efficient and stable operation and high-load operation of the crystal reactor are achieved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202421775807.8
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-07-25
- Publication Date
- 2025-07-29
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-07-25
AI Technical Summary
Traditional fluidized bed crystallization reactors are prone to scaling during the crystallization process, which affects production efficiency and stability, and the supersaturation control is uneven, resulting in low crystallization rate.
The cyclone water distribution method is adopted to form cyclone water inlet and uniform medicine distribution in the reaction zone through the cyclone water distribution device and the precipitant drug distribution device. Combined with the reflux water distributor, multi-layer water distribution and drug addition are realized, and the cross-sectional water distribution uniformity and supersaturation control are enhanced to prevent scaling accumulation.
It effectively avoids scaling of the inner wall of the crystallization reactor, improves the crystallization reaction efficiency and stability, enhances the supersaturation control of different bed heights, and improves the overall load and reaction efficiency of the crystallization bed.
Smart Images
Figure CN223163280U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of wastewater treatment, in particular to a cyclone water distribution fluidized bed crystallization reactor. Background Technique
[0002] The fluidized bed crystallization technology is widely used in the fields of chemical engineering, environmental protection sewage treatment and sewage resource utilization. Its principle is the process of precipitating crystals from a supersaturated solution through the precipitation reaction of cations and anions in the influent water and the precipitant. Therefore, controlling the supersaturation is crucial for improving the crystallization rate. The control of supersaturation in the reactor often changes with the change of the flow pattern. In the volume element with a better flow pattern, the supersaturation is relatively low, while in the volume element with a poor flow pattern, the supersaturation is very high. And in the reactor, the quality of the flow pattern directly depends on the initial water distribution method. The traditional fluidized bed water distribution method only considers the spatial distribution of water flow and ignores the uniformity of water flow distribution on the cross section, while the uniformity of water flow distribution on the cross section determines the crystallization reaction efficiency;
[0003] In the traditional crystallization fluidized bed reaction zone, scaling will occur with the crystallization. When the scale increases, it will reduce the volume of the reaction zone, and it is necessary to stop the machine for maintenance and clean the scale on the inner wall before it can be used again. Content of the Utility Model
[0004] In order to overcome the above defects, the utility model provides a cyclone water distribution fluidized bed crystallization reactor, which can effectively increase the uniformity of water distribution on the cross section of the reaction zone. The cyclone water inlet can drive the crystals in the reaction zone to continuously rub against the scale on the inner wall, effectively solving the problem that the accumulation of scale on the inner wall of the crystallization reaction shell affects production.
[0005] The technical solution adopted by the present utility model to solve its technical problems: A swirling water-distributing fluidized bed crystallization reactor, comprising a reaction shell, wherein a reaction zone and a water outlet zone are respectively formed inside the reaction shell from bottom to top. A drain port communicating with the water outlet zone is provided on the side wall at the upper end of the reaction shell. A swirling water distributor and a precipitant dosing device are also provided. At least one swirling water distributor is fixedly arranged on the reaction shell from bottom to top. The swirling water distributor includes a main distribution pipe, a circular coiled pipe, and branch jet pipes. The circular coiled pipe in the shape of a ring is fixedly installed inside the reaction zone of the reaction shell or sleeved outside the reaction zone of the reaction shell. The main distribution pipe for supplying wastewater is communicated with the circular coiled pipe to form an integral body. A number of branch jet pipes are fixedly installed on the side wall of the circular coiled pipe. The extending direction of each branch jet pipe forms an acute angle with the radial direction of the circular coiled pipe. One end of each branch jet pipe is communicated with the circular coiled pipe, and the other end of each branch jet pipe is communicated with the reaction zone inside the reaction shell. The wastewater in each circular coiled pipe is injected into the reaction zone of the reaction shell in a co-rotating manner through each branch jet pipe. The precipitant dosing device includes a dosing main pipe and dosing branch pipes. The dosing branch pipes are inserted into the reaction zone of the reaction shell along the vertical direction. The dosing branch pipes are communicated with the dosing main pipe. A number of groups of dosing holes are arranged at intervals from bottom to top on the dosing branch pipes. The wastewater enters the circular coiled pipe from the main distribution pipe of the swirling water distributor, and then flows to the reaction zone inside the reaction shell through the branch jet pipes. The wastewater enters the reaction zone from a circle of branch jet pipes, which can effectively increase the water distribution uniformity on the cross-section of the reaction zone. The flow pattern of the influent is a clockwise swirling mode (or counterclockwise swirling mode). This kind of swirl can drive the crystals in the reaction zone to continuously rub against the scale formed on the inner wall of the reaction shell, removing the scale formed on the inner side wall of the reaction shell, avoiding the accumulation of scale on the inner side wall of the crystallization reaction shell, and thus avoiding the problem that the scale accumulation on the inner side wall of the reaction shell affects production. The precipitant is evenly dosed through a number of groups of dosing holes arranged at intervals from bottom to top on the vertically extending dosing branch pipes, thereby realizing the effective control and allocation of supersaturation at different bed heights in the crystallization reactor, and further improving the stability of the crystallization bed and the overall reaction load.
[0006] As a further improvement of the present utility model, three swirling water distributors are provided at intervals from bottom to top on the side wall of the reaction shell. The circular coiled pipes of each swirling water distributor are concentrically arranged with the reaction shell. The height of the lower end of the dosing branch pipe of the precipitant dosing device is lower than the lowest swirling water distributor, and the height of the upper end of the dosing branch pipe of the precipitant dosing device is higher than the highest swirling water distributor.
[0007] Three swirling water distributors are set to achieve three-stage swirling water distribution. The three swirling water distributors evenly divide the reaction zone in the height direction, realizing the effective distribution of supersaturation at different bed heights in the crystallization reactor, and further improving the stability of the high load of the crystallization bed. Of course, two swirling water distributors or more can also be set, which can be selected according to actual needs. This is an equivalent replacement that can be easily thought of by those skilled in the art according to this application and all fall within the protection scope of this application.
[0008] As a further improvement of the present utility model, the circular coiled pipe is fixedly sleeved outside the reaction shell. At least one circle of inclined holes evenly spaced along the circumferential direction of the reaction shell is provided on the side wall of the reaction shell from bottom to top. The branch jet pipes are respectively fixedly installed outside the reaction shell and communicate with the inclined holes on the side wall of the reaction shell. The inlet water first flows to the main distribution pipe, then to the circular coiled pipe, then to the branch jet pipes, and finally flows into the reaction shell through the inclined holes on the reaction shell. Each layer of swirling water distribution makes the water flow distribution on the cross section very uniform, improving the uniformity of the water flow distribution on the cross section, thereby greatly improving the crystallization efficiency. The above installation method can install the circular coiled pipe and the main distribution pipe outside the reactor, which is convenient for installation and maintenance.
[0009] As a further improvement of the present utility model, the port surface of the end face of the branch jet pipe communicating with the reactor shell is an inclined port and is tangent to the inner side surface of the reaction shell. This ensures smooth water inlet and avoids the occurrence of water inlet turbulence.
[0010] As a further improvement of the present utility model, both the main distribution pipe and the circular coiled pipe extend in the horizontal direction, and the main distribution pipe is vertically and cross-connected with the circular coiled pipe. A number of branch jet pipes are in the same horizontal plane as the circular coiled pipe, and the branch jet pipes are spaced apart on the inner ring side surface of the circular coiled pipe.
[0011] As a further improvement of the present utility model, a return water temporary storage area is also provided in the reaction shell. The return water temporary storage area is located below the reaction zone. A return water outlet is provided on the upper side wall of the reaction shell, and a return water inlet is provided on the lower side wall of the reaction shell. The return water outlet communicates with the water outlet area in the reaction shell, and the return water inlet communicates with the return water temporary storage area in the reaction shell. A return pipeline is also provided, and both ends of the return pipeline are respectively connected with the return water outlet and the return water inlet. When the return water enters the reaction shell, it will have an upward impact effect on the crystals, thereby improving the crystallization efficiency and avoiding the accumulation of small particle crystals at the lower end of the reactor.
[0012] As a further improvement of the present utility model, a return water distributor is fixedly installed in the reaction shell. The return water distributor includes a distribution plate in a disc-shaped structure, and the distribution plate is fixedly installed on the inner side wall of the reaction shell. The distribution plate extends horizontally in the reaction shell. The reaction zone and the return water temporary storage zone in the reaction shell are respectively located on the upper and lower sides of the distribution plate. A number of water passing distribution holes are provided on the distribution plate, and the return water in the return water temporary storage zone can enter the reaction zone through the water passing distribution holes on the return water distributor. The return water in the return water temporary storage zone does not rush into the reaction zone all at once, but is evenly distributed to the reaction zone through the water passing distribution holes on the distribution plate, preventing the uneven distribution of the return water in the reaction zone and being beneficial to improving the reaction efficiency.
[0013] As a further improvement of the present utility model, the return water distributor further includes a T-shaped water distribution head. The T-shaped water distribution head includes a long neck in a hollow cylindrical shape and a flat head. The diameter of the flat head is larger than that of the long neck. Both the upper and lower bottom surfaces of the long neck of the T-shaped water distribution head are open, the bottom surface at the lower end where the flat head is connected to the long neck is open, the upper bottom surface of the flat head is sealed, and holes are evenly vertically opened downward on the annular step surface where the flat head is connected to the long neck. The return water in the return water temporary storage zone can be evenly distributed to the reaction zone through each hole on the flat head of the T-shaped water distribution head. The return water flow in the return water temporary storage zone first enters the hollow long neck of the T-shaped water distribution head, then enters the hollow flat head, and finally flows into the reaction zone from the openings evenly vertically downward at the outer edge of the connection surface between the flat head and the long neck. The water is dispersed through the vertically downward openings, effectively preventing the crystals from infiltrating into the water distribution head and minimizing the risk of blockage of the water distribution head to the greatest extent.
[0014] As a further improvement of the present utility model, the water passing distribution holes on the distribution plate are arranged at even intervals in a radial state from the center of the distribution plate to the edge of the distribution plate. The water passing distribution holes are arranged in a way that forms circles from the middle to the periphery. Distributing the water passing distribution holes in this way is beneficial for the return water to evenly enter the reaction zone.
[0015] As a further improvement of the present utility model, a number of medicine distribution holes in each group on the medicine distribution branch pipe are arranged at even intervals along the circumferential direction of the medicine distribution branch pipe. Each group of medicine distribution holes is in the same horizontal plane, and the medicine distribution holes extend horizontally outward for medicine distribution. The above structure realizes the even spraying of the precipitant into the space of the reaction zone and realizes the even mixing with the wastewater distributed by each layer of the swirl water distributor in the horizontal cross-section.
[0016] The beneficial effects of the present utility model are as follows: The present utility model distributes water through a circular coiled pipe, which can effectively increase the water distribution uniformity on the cross-section of the reaction zone. By adopting an inclined extended branch jet pipe for water inlet, the flow pattern of the inlet water is in a clockwise swirl mode. The swirling water inlet can drive the crystals in the reaction zone to continuously rub against the scale on the inner wall of the reaction shell, avoiding the accumulation of scale on the inner wall of the crystallization reaction shell, and thus preventing the impact on production. Moreover, the present utility model adopts the method of multi-layer water distribution and multi-layer chemical dosing, which can effectively control and allocate the supersaturation at different bed heights in the crystallization reactor, further improving the stability of the crystallization bed and the overall reaction load. The present utility model also evenly distributes the return water into the reaction zone through a return water distributor, which is beneficial to improving the water distribution uniformity of the return water in the reaction zone, thereby ensuring sufficient reaction. And the return water can increase the convection in the reaction zone and improve the crystallization reaction efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0017] Figure 1 is a three-dimensional structural principle diagram of the present utility model;
[0018] Figure 2 is a front view of the structural principle of the present utility model;
[0019] Figure 3 is a top view of the structural principle of the present utility model;
[0020] Figure 4 is a three-dimensional diagram of the reaction shell of the present utility model;
[0021] Figure 5 is a three-dimensional diagram of the swirl water distributor of the present utility model;
[0022] Figure 6 is a top view of the swirl water distributor of the present utility model;
[0023] Figure 7 is a three-dimensional diagram of the precipitant chemical dosing device of the present utility model;
[0024] Figure 8 is a diagram showing the distribution state of a group of chemical dosing holes on the chemical dosing branch pipe of the present utility model;
[0025] Figure 9 is an exploded three-dimensional diagram of the return water distributor of the present utility model;
[0026] Figure 10 is a three-dimensional diagram of the T-shaped water head of the present utility model. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS
[0027] Embodiment: A swirling flow water distribution fluidized bed crystallization reactor, comprising a reaction housing 10, a swirling flow water distributor 20, a precipitant dosing device 30, and a return water distributor 40. Inside the reaction housing, a return water temporary storage area, a reaction area, and an effluent area are sequentially formed from bottom to top. The upper end of the reaction housing is provided with a drain port 14 and a return water outlet 15. The three-stage swirling flow water distributor 20 and the precipitant dosing device 30 are respectively communicated with the inner space of the reaction housing. The three-stage swirling flow water distributor 20 is arranged on the reaction housing at uniformly spaced intervals from bottom to top. The three-stage swirling flow water distributor 20 distributes and supplies wastewater to the reaction area inside the reaction housing. The precipitant dosing device 30 can supply precipitant to the inside of the reaction housing. The return water distributor 40 is fixedly installed inside the reaction housing, and the distribution plate 43 with a disc-shaped structure is concentrically tangent to the inner wall of the reaction housing. The reaction area inside the reaction housing is located above the return water distributor 40, and the return water temporary storage area is below the return water distributor 40. A return water inlet 16 is opened on the side wall of the reactor housing at the bottom of the return water temporary storage area, and the return water inlet 16 is communicated with the return water outlet 15 through a return pipeline.
[0028] The single-stage swirling flow water distributor 20 includes a main distribution pipe 21, a circular coiled pipe 22 in a circular ring shape, and branch jet pipes 23. The branch jet pipes 23 are respectively fixedly installed on the outside of the reaction housing and communicated with the inclined holes 12 on the side wall of the reaction housing. The main distribution pipe 21 and the circular coiled pipe 22 extend in the horizontal direction and are interconnected pipes. A number of branch jet pipes 23 are on the same horizontal plane as the circular coiled pipe 22, and the branch jet pipes 23 are arranged at intervals along the inner side of the circular coiled pipe 22. The included angle between the branch jet pipes 23 and the outer circle of the circular coiled pipe 22 in the horizontal direction is an acute angle. The port surface of the branch jet pipe 23 communicated with the reaction housing is an inclined port, and the port of the branch jet pipe 23 communicated with the reaction housing is tangent to the inner side surface of the reaction housing. The water inlet first flows to the main distribution pipe 21, then to the circular coiled pipe 22, then to the branch jet pipes 23, and finally flows into the reaction housing. Each layer of swirling flow water distribution makes the water flow distribution on the cross-section very uniform, improving the uniformity of the water flow distribution on the cross-section inside the reaction housing, thereby greatly enhancing the crystallization efficiency. In addition, the crystals swept clockwise on the cross-section rub against the inner wall of the crystallization tower reaction housing, effectively and automatically removing the scale on the inner wall of the cylindrical reactor.
[0029] The swirling flow water distribution fluidized bed crystallization reactor has three-stage swirling flow water distribution. The three-stage swirling flow water distributor 20 evenly divides the reaction area in the height direction, realizing the effective distribution of the supersaturation at different bed heights of the crystallization reactor, and further improving the stability of the high load of the crystallization bed.
[0030] In the described cyclone-flow water-bed crystallization reactor, the precipitant dosing device 30 includes a main dosing pipe 31 and dosing branch pipes 32. The dosing branch pipes 32 are inserted vertically into the reaction zone of the reaction shell. The dosing branch pipes 32 are communicated with the main dosing pipe 31. A number of groups of dosing holes 321 are arranged at intervals from bottom to top on the dosing branch pipes 32. Each group of dosing holes 321 is on the same horizontal plane, and the dosing holes 321 distribute medicine outward in the horizontal direction. The dosing branch pipes 32 extend vertically in the reaction shell. The main dosing pipe 31 extends out of the reaction shell and can be communicated with the precipitant dosing device. The number of groups of dosing holes 321 are evenly spaced in the vertical direction on the dosing branch pipes 32. The dosing branch pipes 32 are located on the central axis of the cylinder of the reaction shell, realizing the uniform spraying of the precipitant into the internal space of the reaction shell, and achieving uniform mixing with the wastewater distributed by each layer of the cyclone water distributor 20 in the horizontal cross-section.
[0031] In the described cyclone-flow water-bed crystallization reactor, the return water distributor 40 includes a disc-shaped distribution plate 43 and a T-shaped water head 41. The disc-shaped distribution plate 43 is evenly provided with opening holes 411 as distribution holes 42. The T-shaped water head 41 includes a long neck and a flat-headed cylinder. The outer side of the long neck of the T-shaped water head 41 is sealed with the inner side of the distribution hole. Both the long neck and the flat-headed cylinder of the T-shaped water head 41 are hollow cylinders. The bottom surface of the flat-headed cylinder communicated with the long neck is open, and the upper end surface of the flat-headed cylinder is sealed. Uniform vertical downward opening holes 411 are provided along the outer edge of the connection surface between the flat-headed cylinder and the long neck. The bottom diameter of the flat-headed cylinder is larger than the bottom diameter of the long neck cylinder. The return water flow in the return water storage area first enters the hollow long neck of the T-shaped water head 41, then enters the hollow flat-headed cylinder, and finally flows into the reaction zone from the uniform vertical downward opening holes 411 on the outer edge of the connection surface between the flat-headed cylinder and the long neck. The vertically downward water-dispersing holes effectively prevent the infiltration of crystals into the water head, minimizing the risk of clogging of the water head.
Claims
1. A swirl-flow water-distributing fluidized bed crystallization reactor, comprising a reaction housing (10). A reaction zone and a water outlet zone are respectively formed inside the reaction housing from bottom to top. A drain port (14) communicating with the water outlet zone is provided on the side wall at the upper end of the reaction housing. It is characterized in that: A swirl water distributor (20) and a precipitant dosing device (30) are also provided. At least one swirl water distributor is fixedly arranged on the reaction shell from bottom to top. The swirl water distributor includes a main distribution pipe (21), a circular coiled pipe (22) and branch jet pipes (23). The circular coiled pipe in the shape of a ring is fixedly installed in the reaction area of the reaction shell or sleeved outside the reaction area of the reaction shell. The main distribution pipe for supplying wastewater is communicated with the circular coiled pipe to form an integral body. A number of branch jet pipes are fixedly installed on the side wall of the circular coiled pipe. The extending direction of each branch jet pipe has an acute angle with the radial direction of the circular coiled pipe. One end of each branch jet pipe is communicated with the circular coiled pipe, and the other end of each branch jet pipe is communicated with the reaction area in the reaction shell. The wastewater in each circular coiled pipe is injected into the reaction area of the reaction shell in a co-rotating manner through each branch jet pipe. The precipitant dosing device includes a dosing main pipe (31) and dosing branch pipes (32). The dosing branch pipes are inserted into the reaction area of the reaction shell along the vertical direction. The dosing branch pipes are communicated with the dosing main pipe. A number of groups of dosing holes (321) are arranged at intervals from bottom to top on the dosing branch pipes.
2. The swirl-flow water-distributing fluidized bed crystallization reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: Three swirl water distributors are arranged at intervals from bottom to top on the side wall of the reaction shell. The circular coiled pipes of each swirl water distributor are concentric with the reaction shell. The lower end height of the dosing branch pipe of the precipitant dosing device is lower than the lowest swirl water distributor, and the upper end height of the dosing branch pipe of the precipitant dosing device is higher than the highest swirl water distributor.
3. The cyclone-flowing water fluidized bed crystallization reactor according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The circular coiled pipe is fixedly sleeved outside the reaction shell. At least one circle of inclined holes evenly arranged along the circumferential direction of the reaction shell is provided on the side wall of the reaction shell from bottom to top. The branch jet pipes are respectively fixedly installed outside the reaction shell, and the branch jet pipes are communicated with the inclined holes (12) on the side wall of the reaction shell.
4. The swirl-flow water-distributing fluidized bed crystallization reactor according to claim 3, characterized in that: The port surface of the branch jet pipe communicated with the reactor outer shell is an inclined port and is tangent to the inner side surface of the reaction shell.
5. The cyclone-distributed water fluidized bed crystallization reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: Both the main distribution pipe and the circular coiled pipe extend in the horizontal direction, and the main distribution pipe is vertically and cross-connectedly communicated with the circular coiled pipe. A number of branch jet pipes are in the same horizontal plane as the circular coiled pipe, and the branch jet pipes are arranged at intervals on the inner ring side surface of the circular coiled pipe.
6. The swirl-flow water-distributing fluidized-bed crystallization reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: A return water temporary storage area is also provided in the reaction shell. The return water temporary storage area is located below the reaction area. A return water outlet (15) is provided on the upper end side wall of the reaction shell, and a return water inlet (16) is provided on the lower end side wall of the reaction shell. The return water outlet is communicated with the water outlet area in the reaction shell, and the return water inlet is communicated with the return water temporary storage area in the reaction shell. A return pipeline is also provided. Both ends of the return pipeline are respectively communicated with the return water outlet and the return water inlet.
7. The swirl-flow water-distributing fluidized bed crystallization reactor according to claim 6, wherein: A return water distributor (40) is also fixedly installed in the reaction shell. The return water distributor includes a distribution plate (43) in the shape of a disc. The distribution plate is fixedly installed on the inner side wall of the reaction shell. The distribution plate extends horizontally in the reaction shell. The reaction area and the return water temporary storage area in the reaction shell are respectively located on the upper and lower sides of the distribution plate. A number of water passing distribution holes (42) are provided on the distribution plate. The return water in the return water temporary storage area can enter the reaction area through the water passing distribution holes on the return water distributor.
8. The cyclone-distributed water fluidized bed crystallization reactor according to claim 7, characterized in that: The reflux water distributor further includes a T-shaped water distribution head (41). The T-shaped water distribution head includes a long neck in the shape of a hollow cylinder and a flat head. The diameter of the flat head is greater than that of the long neck. Both the upper and lower bottom surfaces of the long neck of the T-shaped water distribution head are open. The bottom surface at the lower end where the flat head communicates with the long neck is open, and the upper bottom surface of the flat head is sealed. Uniformly vertically downward openings (411) are formed on the annular step surface where the flat head is connected to the long neck. The reflux water in the reflux water storage area can be evenly distributed to the reaction area through the openings on the flat head of the T-shaped water distribution head.
9. The swirl-flow water-distributing fluidized-bed crystallization reactor according to claim 7, wherein: The water passing distribution holes on the distribution plate are arranged at uniform intervals in a radial state from the center of the distribution plate to the edge of the distribution plate.
10. The swirl-flow water-distributing fluidized-bed crystallization reactor according to claim 1, wherein: On each medicine distribution branch pipe, several medicine distribution holes in each group are arranged at uniform intervals along the circumferential direction of the medicine distribution branch pipe. Each group of medicine distribution holes is in the same horizontal plane, and the medicine distribution holes extend outward in the horizontal direction for medicine distribution.