Aircraft information recorder with multilayer protection and phase change energy absorption

Abstract

The utility model relates to the related technical field of aircraft information acquisition equipment, and provides an aircraft information recorder with multi-layer protection and phase change energy absorption, which comprises a protection recording device and an electric appliance box which are detachably connected, the protection recording device is sequentially provided with an outer shell, a heat insulation layer, an inner shell and a data storage unit of a flexible circuit storage module from outside to inside. A phase-change material is arranged in the inner shell, and a data storage unit of the flexible circuit storage module is encapsulated in the phase-change material; and a flexible circuit storage module in the protection recording device is electrically connected with the electric appliance box through a flexible circuit so as to realize data and electric energy transmission. The thermal insulation layer and the phase change material are adopted for composite protection, the detachable module design is adopted, high-reliability data and electric energy transmission is achieved through flexible circuit connection, and the integrity and function stability of the storage module can be effectively protected in extreme environments such as high temperature, impact and vibration.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of aircraft information acquisition equipment, and specifically, to an aircraft information recorder with multi-layer protection and phase change energy absorption. Background Technique

[0002] The statements in this part only provide background technical information related to the utility model, and do not necessarily constitute prior art.

[0003] With the gradual opening of the low-altitude airspace and the rapid growth of the number of general aviation aircraft, the risk of flight accidents has increased accordingly, and higher requirements are put forward for the complete recording and high-protection storage of various information such as flight data, audio, video, and data link communication. Especially in extreme environments such as aircraft crashing, strong impact, or high temperature, the recorder must have excellent mechanical strength, heat insulation ability, and multiple protection performances to ensure the integrity and readability of key data. However, at present, most general aviation aircraft are not equipped with comprehensive information recording devices that meet the high-protection requirements.

[0004] For current flight parameter recorders, the structure mostly uses the method of filling the box body with semi-rigid and semi-fluid materials to protect the storage chip. The information acquisition board is fixed through a baffle and a plug cover structure, and the function is mainly limited to flight data recording. Although the anti-impact ability of the storage chip is improved to a certain extent and the size of the device is reduced, there are still the following deficiencies: (1) The protection means is single, mainly relying on the mechanical buffering of materials, lacking a thermal control function, and it is difficult to effectively cope with extreme high-temperature environments; (2) The existing recorders usually adopt a design scheme in which the storage component and the data acquisition component are integrally arranged, and all functional modules are centrally installed inside the same housing. In order to realize data interaction with external devices, a variety of interfaces are provided on the outer wall of the recorder, such as data transmission interfaces, power supply interfaces, antenna interfaces, etc. Since multiple external interfaces are centrally arranged on the outer wall of the recorder, the interface area becomes a weak link in the structural strength. Under the action of long-term vibration or external impact, these interfaces and their internal connection points are prone to looseness, fracture, or poor electrical contact, reducing the protection level of the storage component and the overall reliability of the system. Summary of the Utility Model

[0005] In order to solve the above problems, the utility model proposes an aircraft information recorder with multi-layer protection and phase change energy absorption, which adopts a heat insulation layer and a phase change material to form multi-layer protection, and a detachable module design, and realizes high-reliability data and power transmission through flexible circuit connection, and can effectively protect the integrity and functional stability of the storage module in extreme environments such as high temperature, impact, and vibration.

[0006] To achieve the above purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical scheme:

[0007] One or more embodiments provide an aircraft information recorder with multi-layer protection and phase change energy absorption, including a protective recording device and an electrical box detachably connected;

[0008] The protective recording device is sequentially provided with an outer housing, a heat insulation layer, an inner housing, and a data storage unit of a flexible circuit storage module from outside to inside; a phase change material is arranged in the inner housing, and the data storage unit of the flexible circuit storage module is encapsulated in the phase change material;

[0009] The flexible circuit storage module in the protective recording device is electrically connected to the electrical box through a flexible circuit to realize data and power transmission.

[0010] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present utility model are as follows:

[0011] The protective recording device of the present utility model adopts a multi-layer protection structure: the outer housing provides physical protection and impact resistance, the heat insulation layer plays a role in slowing down external heat conduction, and the inner housing further isolates heat and mechanical impact. The phase change material in the inner housing absorbs a large amount of latent heat through the phase change process when the environmental temperature rises, effectively suppressing the internal temperature rise and preventing the core data storage unit of the flexible circuit storage module from overheating. The data storage unit of the flexible circuit storage module is encapsulated in the phase change material to improve its viability under high temperature or impact conditions. Adopting a multi-layer heat insulation and phase change energy absorption design can resist extreme mechanical damages such as aircraft crash, strong impact, penetration, and extrusion, ensuring the integrity of the internal storage module.

[0012] The flexible circuit storage module in the protective recording device is electrically connected to the electrical box through a flexible circuit. The flexible circuit has good flexibility and fatigue resistance in an impact and vibration environment, ensuring stable data and power transmission under complex mechanical vibrations and impacts, and avoiding failures caused by the fracture of rigid connections.

[0013] The advantages of the present utility model and the advantages of additional aspects will be described in detail in the following specific embodiments. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] The attached drawings forming a part of the present utility model are used to provide a further understanding of the present utility model. The schematic embodiments of the present utility model and their descriptions are used to explain the present utility model and do not constitute a limitation to the present utility model.

[0015] Figure 1 is the first structural schematic diagram of the aircraft information recorder according to the embodiment of the present utility model;

[0016] Figure 2 is the second structural schematic diagram of the aircraft information recorder according to the embodiment of the present utility model;

[0017] Figure 3 is a front - view sectional structure schematic diagram of the aircraft information recorder according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0018] Figure 4 is a left - view sectional structure schematic diagram of the aircraft information recorder according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0019] Figure 5 is a structure schematic diagram of the protection recording device according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0020] Figure 6 is a front - view structural sectional view of the electrical box according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0021] Figure 7 is a bottom - view of the electrical box according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0022] Figure 8 is a top - view of the electrical box according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0023] Figure 9 is a block diagram of the main control board according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0024] Figure 10 is a block diagram of the interface bottom board according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0025] Figure 11 is a principle block diagram of the PCIE interface unit according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0026] Figure 12 is a principle block diagram of the Ethernet communication unit according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0027] Figure 13 is a principle block diagram of the ARINC429 unit according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0028] Figure 14 is a principle block diagram of the RTC real - time clock unit according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0029] Figure 15 is a principle block diagram of the serial communication unit according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0030] Figure 16 is a principle block diagram of the USB communication unit according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0031] Figure 17 is a principle block diagram of the audio acquisition unit according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0032] Figure 18 is a principle block diagram of the CAN bus communication unit according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0033] Wherein: 1. Protection recording device; 2. Electrical box; 3. Flexible circuit storage module; 4. Main control board; 5. Interface base plate; 6. Positioning module; 7. Card-reading interface board; 8. Card-reading board;

[0034] 1-1. Protection housing; 1-2. Protection end cover; 1-3. First screw; 1-4. End cover heat insulation layer; 1-5. Housing heat insulation layer; 1-6. Inner housing body; 1-7. Inner end cover; 1-8. Phase change material;

[0035] 2-1. Electrical box housing; 2-2. Electrical box bottom cover; 2-3. Electrical box top cover; 2-4. SIM card slot cover; 2-5. First sealing ring; 2-6. Second countersunk head screw; 2-7. Third cylindrical head screw; 2-8. X1 connector; 2-9. X2 connector; 2-10. X3 connector; 2-11. SMA radio frequency connector; 2-12. Signal lamp; 2-13. Sign; 2-14. Sign rivet. Detailed implementation mode

[0036] The present utility model will be further described below in conjunction with the drawings and embodiments.

[0037] It should be noted that the following detailed description is exemplary and is intended to provide further description of the present utility model. Unless otherwise specified, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by those of ordinary skill in the technical field to which the present utility model belongs.

[0038] It should be noted that the terms used herein are only for describing specific implementation modes and are not intended to limit the exemplary implementation modes according to the present utility model. As used herein, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular form is also intended to include the plural form. In addition, it should be understood that when the terms "comprise" and / or "include" are used in this specification, they indicate the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components, and / or combinations thereof. It should be noted that, without conflict, the various embodiments and features in the embodiments of the present utility model can be combined with each other. The embodiments will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings.

[0039] In the technical solutions disclosed in one or more embodiments, as Figures 1 to 18 shown, an aircraft information recorder with multi-layer protection and phase change energy absorption includes a protection recording device 1 and an electrical box 2 that are detachably connected;

[0040] The protection recording device 1 is sequentially provided with an outer housing, a heat insulation layer, an inner housing, and a data storage unit of the flexible circuit storage module 3 from the outside to the inside; a phase change material is arranged inside the inner housing, and the data storage unit of the flexible circuit storage module 3 is encapsulated in the phase change material;

[0041] The flexible circuit storage module 3 inside the protection recording device 1 is electrically connected to the electrical box 2 through a flexible circuit to achieve data and power transmission.

[0042] In this embodiment, through the detachable connection between the protection recording device 1 and the electrical box 2, the storage component storing information is separated from other components, improving the protection performance of the storage component storing information. The protection recording device 1 adopts a multi-layer protection structure: the outer shell provides physical protection and impact resistance, the heat insulation layer plays a role in slowing down external heat conduction, and the inner shell further isolates heat and mechanical impact. The phase change material inside the inner shell absorbs a large amount of latent heat through the phase change process when the ambient temperature rises, effectively suppressing the internal temperature rise and preventing the flexible circuit storage module 3 from overheating. The data storage unit of the flexible circuit storage module 3 is potted in the phase change material to improve its survivability under high temperature or impact conditions. The design of using multi-layer shells, heat insulation and phase change energy absorption can resist extreme mechanical damages such as strong impact, penetration and extrusion after the aircraft crashes and the high temperature after the aircraft fuel burns, ensuring the integrity of the internal storage module.

[0043] At the same time, the flexible circuit storage module 3 inside the protection recording device 1 is electrically connected to the electrical box 2 through a flexible circuit. The flexible circuit connection has good flexibility and fatigue resistance in an impact and vibration environment, ensuring stable data and power transmission under complex mechanical vibrations and impacts, and avoiding failures caused by the breakage of rigid connections.

[0044] In some embodiments, the structure of the protection recording device 1 can be as Figure 5 shown. For the convenience of taking out and placing the flexible circuit storage module 3, the outer shell and the inner shell can be set as a split structure. The outer shell includes a detachable protection shell 1-1 and a protection end cover 1-2, and the inner shell includes a detachable inner shell body 1-6 and an inner end cover 1-7;

[0045] Furthermore, the heat insulation layer of the protection recording device 1 includes an end cover heat insulation layer 1-4 and a shell heat insulation layer 1-5; a first spacer is formed between the protection shell 1-1 and the inner shell body 1-6, and the outer shape of the shell heat insulation layer 1-5 is adapted to the inner wall shape of the first spacer; the protection end cover 1-2 and the inner end cover 1-7 form a second spacer, and the outer shape of the end cover heat insulation layer 1-4 is adapted to the inner wall shape of the second spacer; after the end cover heat insulation layer 1-4 and the shell heat insulation layer 1-5 are installed, they are fitted to form a unified heat insulation layer;

[0046] Optionally, the materials of the outer shell and the inner shell can be selected from alloys, stainless steels or high-strength composite materials, and the heat insulation layer can be realized by combining a variety of heat insulation materials such as multi-layer ceramic fibers, glass fibers, rock wool, aerogels, etc.

[0047] In the above embodiments, the protection recording device 1 adopts a modular design. Both the outer housing and the inner housing are composed of two parts (the housing and the end cover), and are combined by a detachable connection method. This design not only facilitates the removal, maintenance, and replacement of the flexible circuit storage module 3, but also improves the flexibility of overall assembly and the maintenance efficiency.

[0048] Correspondingly, the heat insulation material is filled in the spaced space formed by the housing and the end cover respectively, so that the heat insulation layer can completely cover the entire inner housing, reducing the heat transfer from the housing and the end cover to the inside. The geometric shapes of the housing heat insulation layer 1-5 and the end cover heat insulation layer 1-4 are both adapted to the inner wall shape of the corresponding spaced space, meeting the assembly requirements and reducing the pores after assembly, ensuring that the heat insulation material is stably positioned in the designated area and avoiding displacement due to vibration or impact. The heat insulation material between the outer housing and the inner housing can reflect, refract, or absorb the radiant heat under high external temperature conditions, delaying its transfer to the low-temperature area inside, and can provide high-temperature protection for the flexible circuit storage module 3.

[0049] Optionally, the protection end cover 1-2 and the protection housing 1-1 are nested and connected, and a threaded connection can be used; specifically, the outer edge of the protection housing 1-1 wraps the outer wall of the protection end cover 1-2, and the first screw 1-3 is used for locking and fixing;

[0050] Furthermore, the top of the protection housing 1-1 is set as a sphere, the middle part is a cylinder, and the bottom is a plane.

[0051] In the above solution, after the protection end cover 1-2 and the protection housing 1-1 are nested and assembled, a closed bell-shaped structure with a sphere at the top, a cylinder in the middle, and a plane at the bottom is formed. The curved surface structures at the top and inside reduce the stress concentration points, can disperse the external destructive force, and enhance the anti-penetration and anti-impact capabilities.

[0052] In the above embodiments, the protection housing 1-1 and the protection end cover 1-2 are nested and connected by threads and the first screw 1-3. This connection method provides excellent anti-vibration and anti-loosening performance while ensuring the detachable of the components. The top of the protection housing 1-1 adopts a spherical design, effectively avoiding the stress concentration phenomenon caused by sharp structures; the middle cylinder provides stable structural support; the bottom plane is convenient for equipment installation and fixing. The curved surface designs at the top and inside of the bell-shaped closed structure help to evenly disperse the external destructive force and reduce the direct impact on the internal components, thereby protecting the internal flexible circuit storage module 3 and other key components.

[0053] The phase change material 1-8 is potted and formed in the inner housing body 1-6. Optionally, the phase change material 1-8 can adopt various types of phase change materials, such as paraffin-based phase change materials, fatty acid-based phase change materials, etc.

[0054] The phase change materials 1-8 are mainly used for high-temperature protection and isolation protection, and achieve the high-temperature protection of the flexible circuit storage module 3 through the ways of latent heat energy storage and phase change heat dissipation. When reaching the phase change temperature point, the phase change materials 1-8 can absorb a large amount of heat energy, thereby controlling the internal temperature and preventing the flexible circuit storage module 3 from failing due to the increase in temperature. At the same time, the potting and molding method of the phase change materials 1-8 can completely isolate the flexible circuit storage module 3 from the external gas or liquid, providing effective physical isolation protection.

[0055] In some embodiments, the structure of the electrical box 2 can be as Figures 5 to 7 shown, and the overall is set as an L-shaped structure. The electrical box 2 includes an electrical box housing 2-1, a main control board 4, an interface bottom board 5, a positioning module 6 and a card reading board 8 arranged in the electrical box housing 2-1; the main control board 4 is electrically connected to the positioning module 6 and the card reading board 8 respectively through the interface bottom board 5; the main control board 4 is communicatively connected to the flexible circuit storage module 3 through the interface bottom board 5;

[0056] It is achievable that the outer shell of the electrical box 2 adopts a split structure, including the electrical box housing 2-1 with openings at both ends; the lower end face opening of the electrical box housing 2-1 is detachably connected to the electrical box bottom cover 2-2, and an electrical box top cover 2-3 is connected and arranged at the upper end face opening of the electrical box housing 2-1;

[0057] An achievable connection method is that the bottom surface of the electrical box housing 2-1 is provided with a groove, and a conductive first sealing ring 2-5 is installed in the groove. The end face of the lower end face opening of the electrical box housing 2-1 is attached to and fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the electrical box bottom cover 2-2, and the first sealing ring 2-5 is flattened and compacted; specifically, the bottom surface of the electrical box bottom cover 2-2 is locked to the electrical box housing 2-1 with 6 second countersunk head screws 2-6 to form the cavity of the electrical box 2 for protecting and isolating the main control board 4, the interface bottom board 5, the positioning module 6 and the card reading board 8 arranged in the electrical box housing 2-1;

[0058] Optionally, the electrical box top cover 2-3 is fixedly connected to the electrical box housing 2-1 through the second countersunk head screws 2-6;

[0059] The inner side wall at the top of the electrical box housing 2-1 is provided with a card reading interface board installation groove for setting the card reading interface board 7; a SIM card slot is connected and arranged on the inner wall at the top end of the electrical box housing 2-1 for setting the SIM card, and the SIM card slot is communicatively connected to the card reading interface board 7;

[0060] Specifically, the main control board 4 is connected to the card reading board 8 through the interface bottom board 5. The card reading board 8 is connected and provided with a card reading interface board 7. The card reading interface board 7 is provided with an SD card slot and a SIM card slot for realizing the installation of the SIM card and the SD card, and the card reading interface board 7 is communicatively connected to the card reading board 8.

[0061] During installation, a card-reading interface board installation groove is provided at the top of the electrical box housing 2-1. After placing the card-reading interface board 7 into the card-reading interface board installation groove, use 4 M3 second countersunk head screws 2-6 to lock and fix the electrical box top plate 2-3 and the electrical box housing 2-1.

[0062] The SIM card slot cover 2-4 is locked and fixed to the electrical box housing 2-1 using two second countersunk head screws 2-6. The area on the electrical box top plate 2-3 where the SIM card slot cover 2-4 is located is set as a hollowed-out area. The detachable setting of the SIM card slot cover 2-4 facilitates users to separately disassemble, install, or replace the SIM card.

[0063] Optionally, multiple openings with set sizes and shapes are provided on the side wall of the electrical box housing 2-1. The openings are used to install various connectors or signal lights 2-12; the connectors are interface modules for obtaining data and are used to construct a data transmission path between the devices outside the recorder and the main control board 4, including the X1 connector 2-8, X2 connector 2-9, X3 connector 2-10, SMA radio frequency connector 2-11, etc.

[0064] Optionally, the X1 connector 2-8 and the X2 connector 2-9 are installed inside the electrical box housing 2-1 on the inner side wall. The X1 connector 2-8 is externally connected to the integrated avionics system, aeroengine, and voice through a dedicated cable, and is used to collect flight parameter data, data link communication message data, and audio data of the aircraft; the X2 connector 2-9 is externally connected to the on-board power supply and on-board camera through a dedicated cable, and is used to collect cockpit audio data, video data of the instrument and control panel of the aircraft, and supply power to the device; the X1 connector 2-8 and the X2 connector 2-9 are respectively connected to the interface bottom plate 5 through their respective wire-to-board connectors inside, and are used to transmit the collected data to the flexible circuit storage module 3 and the SD card.

[0065] Specifically, the audio data may include audio data of voice communication and audio data of the sound environment in the cockpit.

[0066] Specifically, the model of the X1 connector 2-8 may be EEC.2K.319.CLL, and the model of the X2 connector 2-9 may be EEL.2K.326.CLL.

[0067] Optionally, the X3 connector 2-10 is installed inside the electrical box housing 2-1 on the side wall. The X3 connector 2-10 is externally connected to a PC, an unloading device, or a test device through a dedicated test cable. The X3 connector 2-10 is connected to the interface bottom plate 5 through a wire-to-board connector, and is used to perform maintenance and inspection on the recorder, and at the same time, can directly read and download the data recorded by the device.

[0068] Among them, the wire-to-board connector is specifically a connection component for connecting wires and the interface board, with a connection socket for wire terminals provided at one end and connected to the socket or plug-in on the interface circuit board at the other end;

[0069] Specifically, the model of the X3 connector 2-10 can be EEA.2K.316.CLL;

[0070] Optionally, this embodiment is provided with two SMA RF connectors, and the two SMA RF connectors 2-11 are installed in the side wall of the electrical box housing 2-1 in an internal installation manner. One of the SMA RF connectors connects the GNSS antenna and the positioning module 6 to obtain positioning data; the other SMA RF connector connects the 5G antenna for data communication;

[0071] Optionally, this embodiment is provided with two metal signal lights 2-12, which are installed on the side wall of the electrical box housing 2-1 in an external installation manner, and are respectively used to indicate the power-on state and the working state.

[0072] It can be achieved that a nameplate 2-13 is also provided, which is fixed on the top plate 2-3 of the electrical box with two nameplate rivets 2-14 for device identification.

[0073] For a further technical solution, the flexible circuit storage module 3 adopts a rigid-flexible-rigid structure, including:

[0074] The first rigid board is the data storage unit of the flexible circuit storage module 3, which adopts a multi-layer PCB board, and a storage chip and a communication circuit for data transmission are arranged on each layer of the PCB board;

[0075] Optionally, the storage chip can adopt an eMMC (Embedded MultiMediaCard, abbreviated as eMMC) chip;

[0076] The flexible board adopts a multi-layer FPC, and a flexible circuit is arranged on each layer of the FPC, which is communicatively connected to the PCB board on the first rigid board, and the communication connection can be realized through seamless pressing of the multi-layer PCB and the multi-layer FPC by a laminator; the multi-layer FPC provided with the flexible circuit extends and connects into the electrical box 2 for realizing the electrical connection between the protection recording device 1 and the electrical box 2;

[0077] The second rigid board is a multi-layer PCB board, and a connection circuit is arranged on each layer of the PCB board, which is communicatively connected to the flexible circuit arranged on each layer of the FPC, and the communication connection can be realized through seamless pressing of the multi-layer PCB and the multi-layer FPC by a laminator; a board-to-board connector is arranged on the second rigid board, and is connected to the board-to-board connector on the interface bottom plate 5 in the electrical box 2 through the board-to-board connector, and realizes communication connection with the main control board 4 through the interface bottom plate 5 to receive the information and data of the collected aircraft;

[0078] Among them, the board-to-board connector is a connecting device between the circuit board ends, which can be a pin header or a female header of a connector.

[0079] The flexible circuit storage module 3 mainly realizes functions such as data storage of the protection recording device 1 and data communication between the protection recording device 1 and the electrical box. The data storage is implemented by an eMMC chip, which has a large storage capacity, a high read / write speed, and the chip can withstand baking at 260°C for a long time. The storage module can communicate with the main control board 4 through the SDIO interface to achieve data storage.

[0080] Furthermore, an opening is provided at the connection surface between the housing of the electrical box and the protection recording device 1 to provide a passing space for the flexible board. The joint surface is specifically at the protection end cover 1-2 of the protection recording device 1;

[0081] Furthermore, a conductive silicone rubber is used to seal the opening at the joint surface;

[0082] After installation, the flexible board passes through the opening of the housing 2-1 of the electrical box and is electrically connected to the interface base plate 5 installed in the electrical box 2 through the board-to-board connector on the second rigid board. The sealing ring set in this embodiment uses a conductive material, and the conductive rubber can achieve good electromagnetic shielding to reduce the radiation interference of the environment to the equipment or the equipment to the environment, enabling the recorder to adapt to the complex electromagnetic working environment of the airborne equipment cabin and ensuring that the equipment can normally achieve the designed functions and meet the requirements for electromagnetic compatibility (EMC).

[0083] Specifically, the model of the board-to-board connector on the second rigid board of the flexible circuit storage module 3 can be ZX-PZ1.27-2-10PWZ, and the model of the board-to-board connector of the interface base plate 5 can be ZX-PM1.27-2-10PU-Z;

[0084] Optionally, the protection recording device 1 and the electrical box 2 are fixed by the third socket head cap screw 2-7;

[0085] In this embodiment, the protection recording module combines an end cover heat insulation layer, a housing heat insulation layer and a phase change material, and adopts a composite multi-layer protection. It not only has mechanical buffering, but also can store latent heat and dissipate heat through phase change, effectively resisting extreme high temperatures and delaying the heat transfer to the storage module, significantly improving the survival ability of the data storage unit under high-temperature impact. Moreover, the separate modular configuration of the protection recording device 1 and the electrical box 2, and the two modules are electrically connected through a flexible circuit, are independent in structure, facilitating the separate replacement, upgrade and maintenance of each module, while improving the reliability and expandability of the overall system.

[0086] Optionally, the bottom of the housing 2-1 of the electrical box is provided with mounting holes for installation and fixation on the aircraft.

[0087] In some embodiments, the main control board 4 includes a processor, as well as a DDR chip, an eMMC chip, a QSPI chip, and a crystal oscillator connected to the processor; the block diagram of the main control board 4 is shown in Figure 9 .

[0088] Optionally, the processor selects a system-on-chip (SoC). By utilizing the rich resources and peripheral interfaces on the chip and supplementing with the flexibility of the FPGA, the constructed main control system has high reliability, good expandability, and low power consumption.

[0089] Specifically, the processor model can be Xilinx XC7Z020-2CLG400I;

[0090] The DDR chip serves as the main memory and is used for high-speed caching of data during the operation of the processor;

[0091] The eMMC serves as a large-capacity non-volatile memory and is used to store system programs, data logs, etc.;

[0092] The QSPI chip provides fast startup and configuration storage to ensure fast startup after the system is powered on;

[0093] The crystal oscillator provides the system clock source to ensure the stable operation of the entire main control board 4.

[0094] In some embodiments, the interface backplane 5 includes a circuit board and various interface circuits formed by various functional units arranged on the circuit board. Its main function is to cooperate with the main control board 4, the positioning module 6, etc., and form various protocol interfaces through the interface circuits for data acquisition, reception, and storage.

[0095] Optionally, the functional units on the interface backplane 5 can include a PCIE interface unit, a power supply unit, an Ethernet communication unit, a local storage unit, an ARINC429 unit, an RTC real-time clock unit, a serial communication unit, a USB communication unit, and an audio acquisition unit. The block diagram of the interface backplane 5 is as shown in Figure 10 shown below. The following describes each unit on the interface backplane 5:

[0096] 1) The PCIE interface unit is provided with a PCIE slot for installing the positioning module 6. The processor is connected to the PCIE slot through a USB interface and establishes a connection with the positioning module 6 through the PCIE slot for data transmission. The circuit principle block diagram of the PCIE interface unit is as shown in Figure 11 shown.

[0097] 2) The power supply unit is used to realize the voltage conversion of the external power supply and provide a stable voltage to supply power to the internal electrical components of the recorder. An existing power module is adopted;

[0098] 3) The Ethernet communication unit, as shown inFigure 12 As shown, a PHY chip is adopted. The PHY chip is connected to the processor of the main control board 4, and the PHY chip is connected to a network, such as Ethernet. On the FPGA side of the processor, a gigabit PHY chip is externally connected. In this embodiment, on the FPGA side of the Ethernet communication unit, it is connected to a gigabit network switch to form 4-way Ethernet.

[0099] 4) The local storage unit adopts an existing memory and is connected to the SDIO interface on the ARM side of the processor of the main control board 4 for realizing data reading, writing and storage.

[0100] 5) The ARINC429 unit includes two opto-isolation logic chips. After shaping the input ARINC429 signal, the opto-isolation logic chip inputs it to the FPGA side of the processor of the main control board 4, and the FPGA realizes the decoding and reception of the ARINC429 signal through the ARNIC429 IP core. The circuit principle block diagram of the ARINC429 unit is as Figure 13 shown.

[0101] 6) The RTC real-time clock unit adopts a CMOS real-time clock calendar chip. The processor reads and writes the registers of the real-time clock calendar chip through the I2C interface and can supply power to it through the on-board battery. The circuit principle block diagram of the RTC real-time clock unit is as Figure 14 shown.

[0102] 7) The serial communication unit includes a level conversion device and a conversion interface connected in sequence. In this embodiment, the serial communication unit includes two serial ports, one TTL to USB interface and one TTL to RS232 interface. For the two serial ports, the circuit principle block diagram of the serial communication unit is as Figure 15 shown and is connected to the processor of the main control board 4 through the level conversion device.

[0103] 8) The USB communication unit is implemented by a USB PHY chip. The UPLI interface on the ARM side of the processor is connected to the USB PHY chip to generate a USB signal, and this signal is connected to a USB hub device to generate two USB2.0 signals. The USB communication unit includes two high-speed USB2.0 interfaces. One is connected to the positioning module 6 through the PCIE interface unit for positioning and uploading data, and the other is connected to the card reading board 8 for realizing fast data acquisition. The circuit principle block diagram of the USB communication unit is as Figure 16 shown.

[0104] 9) The audio acquisition unit adopts a stereo encoder. The stereo encoder has a class D amplifier and a highly flexible input configuration with up to 3 stereo sources. After recording the sound through the I2S interface, it sends it to the processor, and the processor realizes the encoding of two voice signals through the audio encoding IP core. The circuit principle block diagram of the audio acquisition unit is as Figure 17 shown.

[0105] 10) CAN bus communication unit, using a CAN transceiver chip; after shaping the input CAN bus signal, the CAN transceiver chip inputs it to the ARM side of the processor to achieve two-way CAN bus communication. The principle block diagram of the CAN bus communication unit is as Figure 18 shown.

[0106] An implementable embodiment, the positioning module 6 may include a GNSS positioning module and a 5G module;

[0107] In some embodiments, the card reader board 8 is connected to the card reader interface board 7, and the card reader board 8 is connected to the main control board 4 through the interface bottom board 5, specifically through the USB communication unit on the interface bottom board 5; the card reader board 8 realizes data reading and writing of the SD card through the SPI interface.

[0108] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention can have various changes and modifications. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

[0109] Although the specific implementation manners of the present invention are described above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, it is not a limitation to the protection scope of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that based on the technical solutions of the present invention, various modifications or deformations that can be made by those skilled in the art without creative efforts are still within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An aircraft information recorder with multi-layer protection and phase change energy absorption, characterized in that: It includes a protective recording device and an electrical box that are detachably connected; The protective recording device is sequentially provided with an outer shell, a heat insulation layer, an inner shell, and a data storage unit of a flexible circuit storage module from outside to inside; a phase change material is arranged inside the inner shell, and the data storage unit of the flexible circuit storage module is encapsulated in the phase change material; The flexible circuit storage module in the protective recording device is electrically connected to the electrical box through a flexible circuit to realize data and power transmission.

2. The flight vehicle information recorder with multi-layer protection and phase change energy absorption as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The outer shell and the inner shell of the protective recording device are set as a split structure. The outer shell includes a protective shell and a protective end cover that are detachably connected, and the inner shell includes an inner shell body and an inner end cover that are detachably connected.

3. The flight vehicle information recorder with multi-layer protection and phase change energy absorption according to claim 2, characterized in that: The heat insulation layer of the protective recording device includes an end cover heat insulation layer and a shell heat insulation layer; a first spacer space is formed between the protective shell and the inner shell body, and the outer shape of the shell heat insulation layer is adapted to the inner wall shape of the first spacer space; the protective end cover and the inner end cover form a second spacer space, and the outer shape of the end cover heat insulation layer is adapted to the inner wall shape of the second spacer space.

4. The aircraft information recorder with multi-layer protection and phase change energy absorption as described in claim 1, wherein: The top of the protective shell is set as a sphere, the middle part is a cylinder, and the bottom is a plane; the protective end cover is nested and assembled with the protective shell to form a closed bell-shaped structure with a sphere at the top, a cylinder in the middle, and a plane at the bottom.

5. The flight vehicle information recorder with multi-layer protection and phase change energy absorption as claimed in claim 1, wherein, The flexible circuit storage module includes: A first rigid board, which is the data storage unit of the flexible circuit storage module, uses a multi-layer PCB board, and a storage chip and a communication circuit for realizing data transmission are arranged on each layer of the PCB board; A flexible board, which uses a multi-layer FPC, and a flexible circuit is arranged on each layer of the FPC. The flexible board is communicatively connected to the PCB board on the first rigid board, and the communication connection is realized through seamless pressing of the multi-layer PCB and the multi-layer FPC by a laminator; The second rigid board is a multi-layer PCB board, and a connection circuit is arranged on each layer of the PCB board. The second rigid board is communicatively connected to the flexible circuit arranged on each layer of the FPC, and the communication connection is realized through seamless pressing of the multi-layer PCB and the multi-layer FPC by a laminator; a board-to-board connector is arranged on the second rigid board, and is connected to the board-to-board connector on the interface bottom board in the electrical box through the board-to-board connector, and the communication connection with the main control board is realized through the interface bottom board.

6. The flight vehicle information recorder with multi-layer protection and phase change energy absorption according to claim 5, characterized in that: An opening is provided at the connection surface between the shell of the electrical box and the protective recording device to provide a passing space for the flexible board.

7. The flight vehicle information recorder with multi-layer protection and phase change energy absorption according to claim 1, characterized in that: The electrical box includes an electrical box shell, a main control board, an interface bottom board, a positioning module, and a card reading board arranged in the electrical box shell; the main control board is electrically connected to the positioning module and the card reading board respectively through the interface bottom board; the main control board is communicatively connected to the flexible circuit storage module through the interface bottom board.

8. The information recorder for an aircraft with multi-layer protection and phase change energy absorption as claimed in claim 7, wherein: A card reading interface board is connected to the card reading board, and an SD card slot and a SIM card slot are arranged on the card reading interface board for installing the SIM card and the SD card, and the card reading interface board is communicatively connected to the card reading board.

9. The flight vehicle information recorder with multi-layer protection and phase change energy absorption as claimed in claim 7, wherein: A plurality of openings with set sizes and shapes are arranged on the side wall of the electrical box shell, and the openings are used for arranging each connector or signal lamp; the connector is an interface module for acquiring data and is used for constructing a data transmission path between the devices outside the recorder and the main control board.

10. A flight vehicle information recorder with multi-layer protection and phase change energy absorption as described in claim 7, characterized in that: The main control board includes a processor, and a DDR chip, an eMMC chip, a QSPI chip, and a crystal oscillator connected to the processor; The interface bottom board includes a circuit board and each interface circuit arranged on the circuit board.

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