Grinding spindle device of grinding machine tool

Abstract

The utility model discloses a grinding spindle device of a grinding machine tool, and belongs to the technical field of grinding machine tools. A grinding main shaft device of a grinding machine tool comprises a grinding wheel, a broach mechanism, a main shaft bearing, a grinding main shaft, a broach oil cylinder, a servo motor and a box body, the grinding main shaft is directly installed on the box body through the main shaft bearing, the grinding wheel is connected with the grinding main shaft through a taper shank, and the broach mechanism is embedded in an inner cavity of the grinding main shaft. An oil cylinder sliding sleeve of the broach oil cylinder is arranged outside the rear portion of the grinding spindle in a sleeved mode, the broach oil cylinder is connected with the rear end of the broach mechanism through a push block and fixedly embedded in the box body, the rear end of the grinding spindle is connected with the constant-speed coupling through a connecting shaft seat, and the rear end of the constant-speed coupling is connected with an output shaft of the servo motor. According to the utility model, the utilization rate of the grinding wheel is improved, the transmission path is reduced, the transmission structure is simplified, the operation is convenient, the grinding efficiency is improved, the production cost is saved, and the maintenance cost is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to a grinding machine tool, in particular to a grinding spindle device of a grinding machine tool. It is an executing part of the grinding machine tool and an important component for realizing the precision and stability of the grinding machine tool. Background Art

[0002] The grinding spindle device is a key component of a grinding machine. It drives the grinding wheel to complete the forming movement of the workpiece surface, transmits motion and power. The grinding spindle device is also a support for the grinding wheel, bears cutting force, feed force, driving force and the weight of the grinding wheel, and ensures the accurate relative position between the workpiece and other related parts of the machine tool. It is necessary to ensure that the axis position of its rotating shaft is accurate and stable to achieve the expected machining accuracy and surface roughness. And it is required that the grinding spindle device has rotational accuracy, stiffness, vibration resistance and wear resistance consistent with the working performance of the machine tool. Reasonably arrange the positioning of the spindle and spindle bearings, adjust the bearing clearance, and seal to adapt to the high speed and high precision of the grinding spindle, and meet the common problems such as manufacturing, assembly and maintenance.

[0003] The grinding spindle device is divided into two categories: grinding mechanical spindle and grinding electric spindle. The grinding mechanical spindle has advantages such as large power and large grinding force compared with the electric spindle. Therefore, it is still very difficult to popularize the grinding electric spindle in some cases with high processing difficulty and high power requirements. The grinding mechanical spindle plays an irreplaceable role. At the same time, when replacing the grinding wheel of the mechanical spindle, it is necessary to ensure accurate radial positioning and axial positioning of the spindle to ensure that the tool change position remains unchanged. The existing grinding spindle device has a large radial dimension, resulting in a small radial dimension wear amount of the grinding wheel and low utilization rate of the grinding wheel. If the grinding wheel is increased, the manufacturing cost of the grinding wheel will increase significantly. The main drive is a two-stage drive, usually driven by a synchronous belt, which results in inaccurate radial positioning, complex structure and increased probability of failure.

[0004] With the increasingly fine social division of labor, many special machine tools are playing an increasingly important role, especially in processing materials of special materials such as titanium alloy and nickel alloy. The spindles for processing materials such as nickel alloy require high power, speed, rotational accuracy, stiffness, vibration resistance, thermal stability, wear resistance, etc. In order to reduce production costs, it is required to have a high utilization rate of grinding wheel consumables. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the utility model provides a grinding spindle device of a grinding machine tool, aiming to improve the utilization rate of the grinding wheel, reduce the transmission path, simplify the transmission structure, facilitate operation, improve the grinding efficiency, save production costs and reduce maintenance costs.

[0006] In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model is realized through the following technical solutions:

[0007] A grinding spindle device of a grinding machine tool, which includes a grinding wheel, a broaching mechanism, a spindle bearing, a grinding spindle, a broaching oil cylinder, a servo motor, and a box body. The grinding spindle is directly installed on the box body through the spindle bearing. The grinding wheel is connected to the grinding spindle through a taper shank. The broaching mechanism is embedded in the inner cavity of the grinding spindle. The cylinder sleeve of the broaching oil cylinder is sleeved outside the rear of the grinding spindle. The broaching oil cylinder is connected to the rear end of the broaching mechanism through a push block. The broaching oil cylinder is fixedly embedded and installed in the box body. The rear end of the grinding spindle is connected to a constant velocity joint through a connecting shaft seat. The rear end of the constant velocity joint is connected to the output shaft of the servo motor.

[0008] Preferably, the broaching mechanism, the broaching oil cylinder, the constant velocity joint, and the output shaft of the servo motor are on the same axis.

[0009] Preferably, the diameter of the above-mentioned grinding spindle is 90 - 98 millimeters.

[0010] Preferably, a push block is fixedly installed at the rear end of the broaching mechanism, and the push block is connected to the cylinder sleeve in a plug-in manner.

[0011] Preferably, the structure of the broaching oil cylinder is as follows: a cylinder sleeve sleeved outside the rear end of the grinding spindle, an inner push ring of the oil cylinder is sleeved outside the rear of the cylinder sleeve, an outer seat of the oil cylinder and an outer push ring of the oil cylinder are hermetically sleeved outside the inner push ring of the oil cylinder to form a sealed oil storage cavity, and a clamping tool oil inlet and a tool loosening oil inlet are communicated with the sealed oil storage cavity.

[0012] Preferably, combined sealing rings are provided on the inner push ring of the oil cylinder and the outer push ring of the oil cylinder.

[0013] Preferably, a compression spring is fixedly installed at the rear end of the outer push ring of the oil cylinder.

[0014] Preferably, three series-connected spindle bearings are provided outside the front end of the grinding spindle, two series-connected spindle bearings are provided outside the rear end, an inner and outer spacer ring is provided between the two groups of spindle bearings at the front and rear ends, and a spindle front cover seat for fixing the spindle bearing is provided at the front end of the grinding spindle.

[0015] Preferably, the spindle bearing is a angular contact ball bearing.

[0016] Preferably, the bearing clearance adjustment and pre-tightening between adjacent spindle bearings are achieved by tightening the locknut 8.

[0017] Due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the present utility model has the following beneficial effects:

[0018] The utility model improves the utilization rate of the grinding wheel by reducing the radial space size of the grinding spindle device, thereby increasing the usable size of the grinding wheel, and greatly reducing the consumption cost of the grinding wheel. The diameter of the grinding wheel is increased from φ300 to φ130, enabling stable processing of special materials such as nickel-based alloys. The compact arrangement of the broach cylinder ensures stable tool loosening and better cooperation with the broaching mechanism. The constant velocity coupling connects the servo motor to the grinding spindle, transmitting the power speed of the servo motor to the spindle in real time and compensating for the angular error during the installation and processing. The utility model is easy to install, improves the grinding efficiency, reduces the transmission path, simplifies the transmission structure, is convenient to operate, saves production costs, and reduces maintenance costs. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0019] Figure 1 is the overall sectional structure schematic diagram of the utility model.

[0020] Figure 2 is the sectional structure schematic diagram of the position of the grinding spindle of the utility model.

[0021] Figure 3 is the sectional structure schematic diagram of the broach cylinder of the utility model.

[0022] Figure 4 is the axonometric drawing of the broach cylinder of the utility model.

[0023] In the figure: 1, grinding wheel; 2, broaching mechanism; 3, spindle bearing; 4, grinding spindle; 5, broach cylinder; 6, constant velocity coupling; 7, servo motor; 8, back cap; 9, connecting shaft seat; 10, front spindle cover seat; 11, inner and outer spacer rings; 12, outer cylinder seat; 13, cylinder sliding sleeve; 14, outer cylinder push ring; 15, compression spring; 16, inner cylinder push ring; 17, push block; 18, combined sealing ring; 19, tool clamping oil inlet; 20, tool loosening oil inlet; 21, box body. Detailed Description of the Preferred Embodiment

[0024] The following embodiments are only specific embodiments of the utility model. For the purpose of making the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the utility model clear at a glance, the utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. The protection scope of the utility model is not limited by the embodiments.

[0025] As Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown in the figure, a grinding spindle device of a grinding machine tool of the present utility model includes a grinding wheel 1, a broaching mechanism 2, a spindle bearing 3, a grinding spindle 4, a broaching oil cylinder 5, a servo motor 7, and a box body 21. It is characterized in that the grinding spindle 4 is directly installed on the box body 21 through the spindle bearing 3. The grinding wheel 1 is connected to the grinding spindle 4 through a taper shank. The broaching mechanism 2 is embedded in the inner cavity of the grinding spindle 4. The cylinder slide sleeve 13 of the broaching oil cylinder 5 is sleeved on the outer part of the rear end of the grinding spindle 4. A push block 17 is fixedly installed at the rear end of the broaching mechanism 2. The push block 17 is inserted and connected with the cylinder slide sleeve 13. The broaching oil cylinder 5 is fixedly embedded and installed in the box body 21. The rear end of the grinding spindle 4 is connected to a constant velocity coupling 6 through a connecting shaft seat 9. The rear end of the constant velocity coupling 6 is connected to the output shaft of the servo motor 7. The broaching mechanism 2, the broaching oil cylinder 5, the constant velocity coupling 6, and the output shaft of the servo motor 7 are on the same axis. The diameter of the grinding spindle 4 is 90 - 98 millimeters.

[0026] As Figure 3 and Figure 4 shown in the figure, the structure of the broaching oil cylinder 5 is as follows: The cylinder slide sleeve 13 sleeved on the outer part of the rear end of the grinding spindle 4. The inner cylinder push ring 16 is sleeved on the outer part of the rear end of the cylinder slide sleeve 13. The inner cylinder push ring 16 pushes the cylinder slide sleeve 13 to move forward, so that the push block 17 moves forward, and the broaching mechanism 2 releases the tool. The outer cylinder seat 12 and the outer cylinder push ring 14 are hermetically sleeved on the outer part of the inner cylinder push ring 16 to form a sealed oil storage cavity. The clamping oil inlet 19 and the tool release oil inlet 20 are communicated with the sealed oil storage cavity; The inner cylinder push ring 16 and the outer cylinder push ring 14 are provided with a combined sealing ring 18. The combined sealing ring 18 plays a role in sealing and supporting; A compression spring 15 is fixedly installed at the rear end of the outer cylinder push ring 14. The compression spring 15 is used to balance the oil pressure and make the equipment stable when replacing the grinding wheel.

[0027] As Figure 1 shown in the figure, three series-connected spindle bearings 3 are arranged on the outer part of the front end of the grinding spindle 4, and two series-connected spindle bearings 3 are arranged on the outer part of the rear end. An inner and outer spacer ring 11 is arranged between the two groups of spindle bearings 3 at the front and rear ends. A spindle front cover seat 10 for fixing the spindle bearing 3 is arranged at the front end of the grinding spindle 4. The spindle bearings 3 and the grinding spindle 4 are arranged in a back-to-back manner as a whole. This method effectively prevents the increase in preload caused by thermal expansion; The spindle bearing 3 is selected as an angular contact ball bearing. The bearing clearance adjustment and preload between adjacent spindle bearings 3 are tightened by a locknut 8. The diameter of the grinding spindle 4 is 90 - 98 millimeters.

[0028] The above-mentioned taper shank adopts the HSK B80 taper shank structure, which is a short taper surface tool system with a ratio of 1:10. The connection stiffness between the HSK taper shank and the spindle is achieved by the taper surface (radially) and the flange end face (axially) together, and the coaxiality between the tool and the spindle is achieved by the taper surface. The advantages of this structure are as follows: the combined form of over-positioning of the taper surface and the end face can effectively improve the connection stiffness; the operation of changing the grinding wheel can shorten the movement time and increase the movement speed. The flange of the taper shank is made into a stepped shape to meet the requirements of using different grinding wheel apertures.

[0029] The above-mentioned constant velocity joint 6 adopts a ball cage constant velocity universal coupling. The ball cage universal transmission structure has complete constant velocity, and can suppress the adverse effects of various vibrations and impacts generated by the changes in rotational speed and torque on related components; the ball cage universal transmission has high efficiency, small occupied space, the ability to absorb vibrations and impacts, and high dynamic balance accuracy.

[0030] The working principle of the present utility model is as follows:

[0031] When installing the grinding wheel 1, oil enters from the tool release oil inlet 20 and exits from the tool clamping oil inlet 19. The hydraulic oil drives the inner push ring 16 in the oil cylinder to move forward, pushing the oil cylinder sliding sleeve 13 forward. The oil cylinder sliding sleeve 13 drives the push block 17 forward, and the push block 17 pushes the broaching mechanism 2 forward, so that the broaching mechanism 2 moves to the position for installing the grinding wheel 1. After replacing the grinding wheel 1, oil enters from the tool clamping oil inlet 19 and exits from the tool release oil inlet 20. The above components move in the reverse direction, so that the grinding wheel 1 moves to the working position. Driven by the servo motor 7, the constant velocity joint 6 is driven to move, and the grinding spindle 4 is driven to move through the connecting shaft seat 9. The grinding spindle 4 drives the grinding wheel 1 to work.

[0032] During the operation of the grinding spindle 4, the servo motor 7 drives and connects with the constant velocity joint 6 through the servo link expansion sleeve, so that the rotational speed and torque are transmitted to the grinding spindle 4. Since the servo motor 7 is directly connected to the grinding spindle 4, the radial positioning is determined by the servo motor, achieving accurate positioning and making it easy to replace the grinding wheel; there is no need to add a separate spindle quasi-stop device. The transmission between the servo motor 7 and the grinding spindle 4 is connected by the constant velocity joint 6, and the entire spindle device moves smoothly, ensuring the stability of processing.

[0033] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present utility model and are not used to limit the present utility model. Although the present utility model has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or perform equivalent replacements for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present utility model shall be included in the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A grinding spindle device of a grinding machine tool, which comprises a grinding wheel (1), a broaching mechanism (2), a spindle bearing (3), a grinding spindle (4), a broaching oil cylinder (5), a servo motor (7), and a box body (21), and is characterized in that The grinding spindle (4) is directly mounted on the housing (21) through the spindle bearing (3). The grinding wheel (1) is connected to the grinding spindle (4) through a taper shank. The broaching mechanism (2) is embedded in the inner cavity of the grinding spindle (4). The cylinder slide sleeve (13) of the broaching cylinder (5) is sleeved outside the rear end of the grinding spindle (4). The broaching cylinder (5) is connected to the rear end of the broaching mechanism (2) through a push block (17). The broaching cylinder (5) is fixedly embedded and installed in the housing (21). The rear end of the grinding spindle (4) is connected to the constant velocity coupling (6) through a connecting shaft seat (9). The rear end of the constant velocity coupling (6) is connected to the output shaft of the servo motor (7).

2. The grinding spindle device of a grinding machine tool according to claim 1, characterized in that The output shafts of the broaching mechanism (2), the broaching cylinder (5), the constant velocity coupling (6) and the servo motor (7) are on the same axis.

3. The grinding spindle device of a grinding machine tool according to claim 1, characterized in that The diameter of the grinding spindle (4) is 90 - 98 millimeters.

4. The grinding spindle device of a grinding machine tool according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that A push block (17) is fixedly installed at the rear end of the broaching mechanism (2), and the push block (17) is connected to the cylinder slide sleeve (13) in a plug-in manner.

5. The grinding spindle device of a grinding machine tool according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that The structure of the broaching cylinder (5) is as follows: The cylinder slide sleeve (13) sleeved outside the rear end of the grinding spindle (4), the inner cylinder push ring (16) is sleeved outside the rear of the cylinder slide sleeve (13), the outer cylinder seat (12) and the outer cylinder push ring (14) are hermetically sleeved outside the inner cylinder push ring (16) to form a sealed oil storage cavity, and the tool clamping oil inlet (19) and the tool releasing oil inlet (20) are communicated with the sealed oil storage cavity.

6. The grinding spindle device of a grinding machine tool according to claim 5, characterized in that Combined sealing rings (18) are arranged on the inner cylinder push ring (16) and the outer cylinder push ring (14).

7. The grinding spindle device of a grinding machine tool according to claim 5, characterized in that A compression spring (15) is fixedly installed at the rear end of the outer cylinder push ring (14).

8. The grinding spindle device of a grinding machine tool according to claim 1, characterized in that Three series-connected spindle bearings (3) are arranged outside the front end of the grinding spindle (4), and two series-connected spindle bearings (3) are arranged outside the rear end. An inner and outer spacer ring (11) is arranged between the two groups of spindle bearings (3) at the front and rear ends. A spindle front cover seat (10) for fixing the spindle bearing (3) is arranged at the front end of the grinding spindle (4).

9. The grinding spindle device of a grinding machine tool according to claim 1 or 8, characterized in that The spindle bearing (3) is selected as an angular contact ball bearing.

10. The grinding spindle device of a grinding machine tool according to claim 8, characterized in that The adjustment and preloading of the bearing clearance between adjacent spindle bearings (3) are carried out by tightening the locknut (8).

Images