Fire-fighting fabric with high moisture permeability
By using highly moisture-permeable fabrics in the fire suit, including the base layer, reflective layer and hydrophobic layer structure, the problem of poor breathability is solved and the wear comfort and safety of firefighters are improved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202422113835.X
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-08-29
- Publication Date
- 2025-08-01
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-08-29
AI Technical Summary
The existing fire protection clothing has poor breathability, resulting in high-temperature and high humidity environments, and there is a risk of thermal convulsions, heat stroke and even sudden cardiac death.
A high moisture permeable fire-fighting fabric design is adopted, including a base layer, a connecting layer, a first reflective layer, a resin layer and a second reflective layer, a hydrophobic layer and a hydrophilic layer are provided, and the distance between the hydrophobic layer and the hydrophilic layer is increased to enhance the liquid conduction ability, and a heat-resistant fiber and a porous structure are used to improve breathability.
It improves the moisture permeability and sweating performance of fire garments and improves the user's comfort and safety.
Smart Images
Figure CN223173726U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present application relates to the field of fire protection clothing, and in particular to a highly moisture-permeable fire-fighting fabric. Background Art
[0002] Firefighters need to wear fire protective clothing when entering a fire scene. Fire protective clothing plays a protective role in firefighting. Existing firefighting clothing is generally thick and heavy, with poor breathability, which poses a great safety hazard to personal safety.
[0003] Prior art discloses a metal reflective fabric (publication number: GB924636A), which comprises an adhesive layer, an inner metal layer, a resin layer, and an outer metal layer sequentially deposited on a fabric base. The two metal layers are vacuum-deposited aluminum or silver layers, and the thickness of the outer metal layer is preferably 5-10 times that of the inner metal layer. However, this metal reflective fabric lacks a moisture-permeable and breathable structure, resulting in a high-temperature and high-humidity microenvironment between the human body and the fabric, posing a risk of heat convulsions, heatstroke, and even sudden cardiac death. Utility Model Content
[0004] In order to solve the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art, the present application provides a highly moisture-permeable fire-fighting fabric with good moisture permeability and perspiration wicking properties.
[0005] The present application discloses a highly moisture-permeable fire-fighting fabric, comprising a base layer, a connecting layer, a first reflective layer, a resin layer, and a second reflective layer arranged from bottom to top; the base layer is a heat-resistant fiber layer; the connecting layer is an adhesive layer; the resin layer is a heat-resistant resin layer; the first reflective layer and the second reflective layer are single-element metal layers; a hydrophobic layer is provided on the first reflective layer; a hydrophilic layer is provided on the second reflective layer; the hydrophobic layer is provided on the side of the first reflective layer close to the resin layer, or the hydrophobic layer is provided on the side of the first reflective layer away from the resin layer; the hydrophilic layer is provided on the side of the second reflective layer close to the resin layer, or the hydrophilic layer is provided on the side of the second reflective layer away from the resin layer.
[0006] Preferably, the hydrophobic layer is arranged on the side of the first reflective layer away from the resin layer, and the hydrophilic layer is arranged on the side of the second reflective layer away from the resin layer. Increasing the distance between the hydrophobic layer and the hydrophilic layer can improve the conductivity of the liquid.
[0007] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the base layer is an aramid fiber layer, and the thickness of the base layer is 5-500 nm.
[0008] Preferably, the base layer has a thickness of 50-200 μm.
[0009] According to an embodiment of the present utility model, the connecting layer is selected from any one of a polyimide layer, an acrylate layer, a polychloroprene layer, and a phenolic resin layer, and the thickness of the connecting layer is 1-100 μm.
[0010] Preferably, the thickness of the connecting layer is 50-80 μm.
[0011] According to an embodiment of the present utility model, the first reflective layer and the second reflective layer are both selected from any one of an Au layer, an Ag layer, a Cu layer, an Al layer, a Ti layer, and a Ni layer; the thicknesses of the first reflective layer and the second reflective layer are both 5-500 nm.
[0012] According to an embodiment of the present utility model, among the first reflective layer and the second reflective layer, at least one layer has a thickness of 200-500 nm.
[0013] According to an embodiment of the present utility model, the first reflective layer and the second reflective layer are both Al layers.
[0014] According to an embodiment of the present utility model, the resin layer is selected from any one of a polyimide layer and a polytetrafluoroethylene layer, and the thickness of the resin layer is 1-100 μm.
[0015] Preferably, the thickness of the resin layer is 40-70 μm.
[0016] According to an embodiment of the present utility model, the resin layer is provided with a porous structure.
[0017] According to an embodiment of the present utility model, the porous structure is randomly distributed on the resin layer.
[0018] According to an embodiment of the present utility model, the aperture of any pore in the porous structure is selected from 10 nm-10 μm; the porosity of the resin layer is 40%-70%.
[0019] The beneficial effect of this application is that the fire-fighting fabric of this application has good one-way moisture conductivity and air permeability, improving the comfort and safety of the user when wearing. Description of the Drawings
[0020] The following will further describe this application in detail in conjunction with the drawings and preferred embodiments. However, those skilled in the art will understand that these drawings are only drawn for the purpose of explaining the preferred embodiments and should not be used as a limitation to the scope of this application. In addition, unless otherwise specified, the drawings only schematically show the composition or structure of the described object and may include exaggerated displays, and the drawings are not necessarily drawn to scale.
[0021] Figure 1It is one of the structural schematic diagrams of the highly moisture-permeable fire-fighting fabric disclosed in the present application.
[0022] Figure 2 It is the second structural schematic diagram of the highly moisture-permeable fire-fighting fabric disclosed in the present application.
[0023] Figure 3 It is the third structural schematic diagram of the highly moisture-permeable fire-fighting fabric disclosed in the present application.
[0024] Figure 4 It is the fourth structural schematic diagram of the highly moisture-permeable fire-fighting fabric disclosed in the present application.
[0025] In the figure: 1. Base layer; 2. Connection layer; 3. First reflection layer; 4. Resin layer; 5. Second reflection layer; 6. Hydrophobic layer; 7. Hydrophilic layer. Detailed implementation manners
[0026] In the description of the present utility model, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the present utility model and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation to the present utility model. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the quantity of the indicated technical features. Thus, the features defined with "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the described features. In the description of the present utility model, "a plurality" means two or more, unless otherwise specifically defined.
[0027] In the description of the present utility model, it should be noted that unless otherwise clearly specified and defined, the terms "installation", "connection", and "connection" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or a connection that can communicate with each other; it can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be the internal communication of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present utility model can be understood according to specific circumstances.
[0028] In the present utility model, unless otherwise clearly specified and defined, the first feature being "above" or "below" the second feature may include direct contact between the first and second features, or may include the situation where the first and second features are not in direct contact but in contact through additional features therebetween. Moreover, the first feature being "above", "over" and "on top of" the second feature includes the first feature being directly above and obliquely above the second feature, or merely indicating that the horizontal height of the first feature is higher than that of the second feature. The first feature being "below", "beneath" and "underneath" the second feature includes the first feature being directly below and obliquely below the second feature, or merely indicating that the horizontal height of the first feature is lower than that of the second feature.
[0029] The following disclosure provides many different embodiments or examples for implementing different structures of the present utility model. To simplify the disclosure of the present utility model, components and settings of specific examples are described hereinafter. Of course, they are merely examples and are not intended to limit the present utility model. In addition, the present utility model may repeat reference numerals and / or reference letters in different examples. Such repetition is for the purpose of simplification and clarity, and in itself does not indicate the relationship between various embodiments and / or settings discussed. In addition, the present utility model provides examples of various specific processes and materials, but those of ordinary skill in the art may be aware of the application of other processes and / or the use of other materials.
[0030] The present application discloses a sweat-permeable and breathable fire-fighting fabric, which includes a base layer 1, a connection layer 2, a first reflective layer 3, a resin layer 4, and a second reflective layer 5 arranged from bottom to top.
[0031] A hydrophobic layer 6 is provided on the first reflective layer 3, and a hydrophilic layer 7 is provided on the second reflective layer 5. Specifically, the hydrophobic layer 6 is provided on the side of the first reflective layer 3 facing away from the resin layer 4, or on the side of the first reflective layer 3 close to the resin layer 4; the hydrophilic layer 7 is provided on the side of the second reflective layer 5 facing away from the resin layer 4, or on the side of the second reflective layer 5 close to the resin layer 4. Therefore, the present application includes four ways of arranging the film layers.
[0032] As Figure 1 shown, the fabric disclosed in this embodiment includes a base layer 1, a connection layer 2, a hydrophobic layer 6, a first reflective layer 3, a resin layer 4, a second reflective layer 5, and a hydrophilic layer 7 arranged in sequence from bottom to top.
[0033] As Figure 2 shown, the fabric disclosed in this embodiment includes a base layer 1, a connection layer 2, a first reflective layer 3, a hydrophobic layer 6, a resin layer 4, a hydrophilic layer 7, and a second reflective layer 5 arranged in sequence from bottom to top.
[0034] As Figure 3As shown, the fabric disclosed in this embodiment includes a base layer 1, a connection layer 2, a hydrophobic layer 6, a first reflection layer 3, a resin layer 4, a hydrophilic layer 7, and a second reflection layer 5 arranged in sequence from bottom to top.
[0035] As Figure 4 shown, the fabric disclosed in this embodiment includes a base layer 1, a connection layer 2, a first reflection layer 3, a hydrophobic layer 6, a resin layer 4, a second reflection layer 5, and a hydrophilic layer 7 arranged in sequence from bottom to top.
[0036] Among them, Figure 1 the disclosed film layer structure is the most preferred. Increasing the distance between the hydrophobic layer 6 and the hydrophilic layer 7 can improve the osmotic difference inside the fabric and enhance the speed of moisture permeability and sweat conduction.
[0037] The thickness of the base layer 1 is 5 - 500 μm, preferably 50 - 200 μm. An overly thick base layer 1 will increase the weight of the fabric, reducing its portability and wearing comfort. An overly thin base layer 1 will also affect the thermal protection performance of the fabric and reduce its abrasion resistance and service life. The base layer is made of heat-resistant flexible fiber materials, preferably aramid fibers, more preferably aramid blended fibers. The aramid blended fibers include 30 - 40 wt% of PVA fibers, 20 - 30 wt% of PBO fibers, 15 - 40 wt% of meta-aramid fibers, and 2 - 8 wt% of para-aramid fibers. Preferably, the aramid blended fibers also contain 1 - 4 wt% of antistatic synthetic fibers to eliminate the static electricity generated by yarn friction during blending. Preferably, the mass ratio of the para-aramid fibers to the meta-aramid fibers is 0.1 - 0.2, more preferably 0.1 - 0.13. By regulating the components and proportions of the base layer 1, the tensile and strength properties of the base layer 1 can be improved without affecting the thermal protection performance, enabling the fabric to have good elasticity, anti-fracture performance, air permeability and moisture permeability, wearing comfort, and excellent thermal protection performance at the same time.
[0038] The thickness of the resin layer 4 is 1 - 100 μm, more preferably 40 - 70 μm. The material of the resin layer 4 is selected from heat-resistant polymer resins such as polyimide PI or polytetrafluoroethylene PTFE, etc. On the one hand, the resin layer 4 serves as the deposition matrix for the first reflection layer 3 and the second reflection layer 5; on the other hand, the resin layer 4 is made of heat-resistant resin materials, which can balance the functions of heat insulation and moisture absorption and air permeability. As a preference, a porous structure is randomly arranged on the resin layer 4, and the pore diameter of each pore in the porous structure is also randomly distributed from 10 nm to 2 μm, and the overall porous structure accounts for 40 - 70% of the volume of the resin layer 4, that is, the porosity of the porous structure is 40 - 70%. Setting the porous structure can further improve the moisture absorption, moisture permeability, and air permeability of the resin layer 4, and further enhance the wearing comfort and safety of the fire-fighting fabric of the present application.
[0039] The first reflective layer 3 and the second reflective layer 5 are both single-element metal layers, and their materials can be selected from any one of Au, Ag, Cu, Al, Ti, and Ni; at the same time, the thickness of both reflective layers is 5 - 500 nm. Preferably, the materials of both reflective layers are Al, and the thickness of at least one of the two reflective layers is 200 - 500 nm. The two reflective layers are used to reflect infrared light, thereby improving the thermal reflection performance of the fabric. The material is preferably Al because Al has both a high mid-infrared reflectivity, a low density, and a low cost, and is currently the most suitable coating material for commercial thermal reflection fabrics. When the thickness of the thermal reflective layer is too large, it will increase the overall weight of the fabric, on the one hand increasing the production cost, and on the other hand reducing the wearing comfort and convenience; when the thickness is too small, its thermal reflection effect will decrease, and at the same time its mechanical properties such as wear resistance will be significantly reduced, affecting the use effect and service life.
[0040] The thicknesses of the hydrophobic layer 6 and the hydrophilic layer 7 are both preferably selected from 2 - 20 nm; the hydrophobic layer 6 is selected from a hydrophobic agent layer; the hydrophilic layer 7 is selected from a hydrophilic agent layer.
[0041] The connecting layer 2 is a thermosetting adhesive layer, and its materials can be selected from fluorine-modified polyimide, acrylate, polychloroprene, nitrile rubber-modified phenolic resin, etc. The thickness of the connecting layer 2 is 1 - 100 μm, preferably 50 - 80 μm.
[0042] The above has introduced this application in detail. Specific examples are used in this article to elaborate on the principle and implementation manner of this application. The description of the above embodiments is only used to help understand this application and its core idea. It should be pointed out that for those of ordinary skill in the art of this technology, without departing from the principle of this application, several improvements and modifications can be made to this application, and these improvements and modifications also fall within the protection scope of the claims of this application.
Claims
1. A highly moisture-permeable fire-fighting fabric, characterized in that, It includes a base layer (1), a connection layer (2), a first reflection layer (3), a resin layer (4), and a second reflection layer (5) arranged from bottom to top; the base layer (1) is a heat-resistant fiber layer; the connection layer (2) is an adhesive layer; the resin layer (4) is a heat-resistant resin layer (4); the first reflection layer (3) and the second reflection layer (5) are single-element metal layers; a hydrophobic layer (6) is provided on the first reflection layer (3); a hydrophilic layer (7) is provided on the second reflection layer (5); the hydrophobic layer (6) is provided on one side of the first reflection layer (3) close to the resin layer (4), or the hydrophobic layer (6) is provided on one side of the first reflection layer (3) away from the resin layer (4); the hydrophilic layer (7) is provided on one side of the second reflection layer (5) close to the resin layer (4), or the hydrophilic layer (7) is provided on one side of the second reflection layer (5) away from the resin layer (4); the thicknesses of the hydrophobic layer (6) and the hydrophilic layer (7) are both selected from 2 - 20 nm; the hydrophobic layer (6) is selected from a hydrophobic agent layer; the hydrophilic layer (7) is selected from a hydrophilic agent layer.
2. The highly moisture-permeable fire-fighting fabric according to claim 1, wherein, the base layer (1) is an aramid fiber layer, and the thickness of the base layer (1) is 5 - 500 nm.
3. The highly moisture-permeable fire-fighting fabric according to claim 1, wherein the connection layer (2) is selected from any one of a polyimide layer, an acrylate layer, a polychloroprene layer, and a phenolic resin layer (4), and the thickness of the connection layer (2) is 1 - 100 μm.
4. The highly moisture-permeable fire-fighting fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that, the first reflection layer (3) and the second reflection layer (5) are both selected from any one of an Au layer, an Ag layer, a Cu layer, an Al layer, a Ti layer, and a Ni layer; the thicknesses of the first reflection layer (3) and the second reflection layer (5) are both 5 - 500 nm.
5. The highly moisture-permeable fire-fighting fabric according to claim 4, wherein in the first reflection layer (3) and the second reflection layer (5), at least one layer has a thickness of 200 - 500 nm.
6. The highly moisture-permeable fire-fighting fabric according to claim 4, wherein the first reflection layer (3) and the second reflection layer (5) are both Al layers.
7. The high moisture permeability fire-fighting fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that, the resin layer (4) is selected from any one of a polyimide layer and a polytetrafluoroethylene layer, and the thickness of the resin layer (4) is 1 - 100 μm.
8. The highly moisture-permeable fire-fighting fabric according to claim 7, wherein, the resin layer (4) is provided with a porous structure.
9. The highly moisture-permeable fire-fighting fabric according to claim 8, characterized in that, the porous structure is randomly distributed on the resin layer (4).
10. The highly moisture-permeable fireproof fabric according to claim 9, characterized in that, the pore diameter of any pore in the porous structure is selected from 10 nm - 10 μm; the porosity of the resin layer (4) is 40% - 70%.