Material bed of horizontal reduction furnace

Abstract

The utility model discloses a material bed of a horizontal reduction furnace, which belongs to the technical field of powder metallurgy and comprises four layers of material trays detachably mounted from bottom to top, the side walls of the four layers of material trays are of arc-shaped structures and form different sections of the same arc, two ends of each material tray are respectively provided with an insertion groove, and the insertion grooves are communicated with the insertion grooves. A material lug is arranged on the side portion of each inserting groove, the inserting buckles of the upper layer of material disc are inserted into the inserting grooves of the lower layer of material disc, and a gap is formed between every two adjacent material discs. According to the material bed, the four layers of different material trays are arranged, so that the effective space in the furnace tube of the reduction furnace is utilized to the maximum extent under the condition of ensuring full reduction of metal powder in the material bed, and the filling amount of the metal powder in the material bed is increased; the technical problems that in the prior art, the metal powder reduction material preparation efficiency is low, the reduction effect of oxygen in the metal powder is poor, and energy is wasted are solved, the metal powder reduction material preparation efficiency and the reduction efficiency are improved, and the purposes of saving energy, reducing emission and reasonably utilizing resources are achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of powder metallurgy, and particularly relates to a material bed of a horizontal reduction furnace. Background Art

[0002] The statements in this part are only to provide background information related to the technical solution of the present application for the purpose of helping understanding, and they do not necessarily constitute the prior art for the technical solution of the present application.

[0003] As a key raw material for additive manufacturing, the quality of metal powder largely determines the final quality of the product. Among them, the oxygen content is an important index to measure the performance of metal powder. A higher oxygen content will reduce the pressing performance, green compact strength and mechanical properties of sintered products. Reducing the oxygen content is beneficial to activating the powder particle interface, reducing the sintering temperature, improving the densification degree of the sintered matrix, and improving the comprehensive service performance of sintered products. In order to reduce the oxygen content in metal powder produced by the water atomization method or the hydrometallurgy process, a horizontal reduction furnace equipment is generally used to reduce the metal powder.

[0004] The horizontal reduction furnace has the characteristics of simple operation steps, high temperature control accuracy, good temperature uniformity of heating tubes, multi-section temperature zones, adjustable temperature, etc. It is a commonly used equipment for laboratories of major universities, research institutes, and industrial and mining enterprises to sinter, melt, analyze, research and develop, and produce small batches of metal, non-metal and other compound materials.

[0005] The traditional reduction furnace uses a single-layer quartz boat as the material boat. When conducting material reduction firing, first, a reducing gas is introduced into the reduction furnace, and the metal powder is loaded into the material boat. The reduction furnace sends the material boat into the furnace tube of the reduction furnace in a push-boat transmission mode, and the oxygen in the metal powder is reduced in a high-temperature environment. Since the quartz boat is single-layer and placed at the bottom of the heating furnace tube, the upper space of the heating furnace tube is not effectively utilized, which limits the reduction and material preparation efficiency of the reduction furnace, and at the same time fails to effectively utilize the heat energy of the reduction furnace, resulting in energy waste. If the loading amount of metal powder in the single-layer material boat is increased, the thickness of the metal powder packing layer in the single-layer material boat increases, which affects the air permeability of the metal powder in the material boat. The reducing gas cannot penetrate into the metal powder at the bottom layer of the material boat, resulting in caking of the metal powder and incomplete reduction, or even color stratification, that is, the reduction effect of the powder in the upper layer of the material boat is better, and the metal powder in the lower layer of the material boat is not completely reduced, thus affecting the overall reduction effect of the metal powder. Content of the Utility Model

[0006] Aiming at the deficiencies of the prior art, the utility model provides a material bed of a horizontal reduction furnace to solve the technical problems of low reduction and material preparation efficiency of metal powder, poor reduction effect of oxygen in metal powder, and energy waste in the prior art.

[0007] To solve the above technical problems, the present utility model is implemented by adopting the following technical solutions:

[0008] A material bed of a horizontal reduction furnace includes four layers of trays detachably installed from bottom to top, namely a bottom tray, a second-layer tray, a third-layer tray, and a fourth-layer tray. The side walls of the bottom tray, the second-layer tray, the third-layer tray, and the fourth-layer tray are arc-shaped structures and form different segments of the same arc. The top of the bottom tray is wider than the bottom and narrower than the bottom of the second-layer tray. The top of the second-layer tray is wider than the bottom and wider than the bottom of the third-layer tray. The top of the third-layer tray is narrower than the bottom and wider than the bottom of the fourth-layer tray. The top of the fourth-layer tray is narrower than the bottom. At each end of each tray, a slot is provided, and a material ear is provided on the side of each slot. An insertion buckle is provided below the slots of the second-layer tray, the third-layer tray, and the fourth-layer tray. The insertion buckle of the upper-layer tray is inserted into the slot of the lower-layer tray, and a gap is formed between adjacent trays. Pulleys are provided at the bottom of the bottom tray.

[0009] In one embodiment, the end face of the tray is perpendicular to its bottom face.

[0010] In one embodiment, the material ear is provided with an opening.

[0011] In one embodiment, the lower end of the insertion buckle is provided with a rounded corner.

[0012] In one embodiment, there are 4 pulleys, which are arranged in pairs at both ends of the bottom of the bottom tray.

[0013] In one embodiment, the sum of the heights of the bottom tray, the second-layer tray, the third-layer tray, and the fourth-layer tray is less than or equal to 80% of the diameter of the furnace tube of the horizontal reduction furnace.

[0014] In one embodiment, the heights of the bottom tray, the second-layer tray, the third-layer tray, and the fourth-layer tray respectively account for 20% of the diameter of the furnace tube of the horizontal reduction furnace.

[0015] In one embodiment, the gap heights between adjacent trays respectively account for 2.5% of the diameter of the furnace tube of the horizontal reduction furnace.

[0016] In one embodiment, first slots are provided at both ends of the bottom tray; second slots are provided at both ends of the second-layer tray, and a first insertion buckle matching the first slot is provided below the second slot; third slots are provided at both ends of the third-layer tray, and a second insertion buckle matching the second slot is provided below the third slot; fourth slots are provided at both ends of the fourth-layer tray, and a third insertion buckle matching the third slot is provided below the fourth slot.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial technical effects of the present utility model are as follows:

[0018] (1) In the material bed of the present utility model, there are four different trays. The side walls of the trays are arc-shaped structures, and the arc degrees of the side walls of the four trays are different segments of the same circular arc, maximizing the filling amount of metal powder in the trays, improving the powder making efficiency of metal powder, and effectively utilizing the heat energy of the reduction furnace, achieving the purpose of energy conservation, emission reduction and rational utilization of resources.

[0019] (2) In the material bed of the present utility model, there are four different trays, and slots and buckles are arranged at both ends of each tray. The gap height between each tray is realized by the height of the buckle, maximizing the utilization of the effective space in the furnace tube of the reduction furnace. At the same time, the connection method of slot and buckle cooperation is adopted between each tray. The lower part of the buckle is rounded, making the structure of the material bed stable and reliable and convenient for installation and disassembly.

[0020] (3) In the material bed of the present utility model, pulleys are arranged at the bottom of the bottom tray, facilitating the movement of the material bed in the furnace tube; material ears are provided at both ends of each tray, and there are openings on the material ears, facilitating hooking the material ears with a material hook to push the material bed filled with metal powder to be reduced to the heating area position in the furnace tube or pull the reduced material bed out of the furnace tube, and effectively preventing operators from being scalded by the heated furnace tube and material bed.

[0021] (4) In the material bed of the present utility model, the effective space in the furnace tube of the reduction furnace is maximally utilized. There are four different trays, and the sum of the heights of the four trays is less than or equal to 80% of the diameter of the horizontal reduction furnace tube. The height of each tray accounts for 20% of the diameter of the horizontal reduction furnace tube, and the gap height between each tray accounts for 2.5% of the diameter of the horizontal reduction furnace tube, realizing a moderate thickness of the metal powder filling layer of each tray. There are certain gaps between each tray and the furnace tube and between adjacent trays, enabling the reducing gas to fully enter and fill the surroundings of each tray, ensuring the full reduction of the metal powder in each tray, improving the reduction efficiency of the metal powder, and solving the technical problem of low reduction efficiency of oxygen in the metal powder produced by the water atomization method or the hydrometallurgy process in the prior art. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] The embodiments of the present utility model will be further described below with reference to the drawings, where:

[0023] Figure 1 is the overall structural schematic diagram of the present utility model;

[0024] Figure 2 is the front view structural schematic diagram of the present utility model;

[0025] Figure 3Schematic side view structure of the present utility model;

[0026] Figure 4 Schematic structure diagram of each layer of the material tray of the present utility model;

[0027] Figure 5 Schematic structure diagram of the slot, buckle, and material ear of the present utility model.

[0028] In the figure, 1 - material tray, 101 - bottom layer material tray, 102 - second layer material tray, 103 - third layer material tray, 104 - fourth layer material tray, 2 - slot, 201 - first slot, 202 - second slot, 203 - third slot, 204 - fourth slot, 3 - buckle, 301 - first buckle, 302 - second buckle, 303 - third buckle, 4 - material ear, 5 - pulley. Specific implementation mode

[0029] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present utility model clearer, the present utility model will be further described in detail below through specific embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present utility model and are not used to limit the present utility model.

[0030] As Figures 1 to 5 shown, the present utility model provides a material bed for a horizontal reduction furnace, and the material bed includes a material tray 1, a slot 2, a buckle 3, a material ear 4, and a pulley 5.

[0031] The loading amount of the metal powder is realized through the material tray 1. The material tray 1 is composed of four layers that can be detachably installed from bottom to top, including the bottom layer material tray 101, the second layer material tray 102, the third layer material tray 103, and the fourth layer material tray 104; the connection method of matching the slot 2 and the buckle 3 is adopted between each layer of the material tray 1 to connect the material bed into a whole, and the gap height between each layer of the material tray 1 is realized through the height of the buckle 3. The slot 2 is arranged at both ends of the material tray 1, and the buckle 3 is arranged at the lower part of the slot 2; the material ear 4 is arranged at the end side of the slot 2; the pulley 5 is arranged at the bottom of the bottom layer material tray 101. The buckle may not be provided at the lower part of the slot of the bottom layer material tray 101.

[0032] Specifically, the side wall of the material tray 1 is of an arc-shaped structure, and the end face of the material tray 1 is perpendicular to the bottom surface. The side wall arcs of the bottom layer material tray 101, the second layer material tray 102, the third layer material tray 103, and the fourth layer material tray 104 are different segments of the same circular arc. The top of the bottom layer material tray 101 is wider than the bottom and narrower than the bottom of the second layer material tray 102; the top of the second layer material tray 102 is wider than the bottom and wider than the bottom of the third layer material tray 103; the top of the third layer material tray 103 is narrower than the bottom and wider than the bottom of the fourth layer material tray 104; the top opening of the fourth layer material tray 104 is narrower than the bottom.

[0033] In one embodiment, the sum of the heights of the bottom tray 101, the second-layer tray 102, the third-layer tray 103, and the fourth-layer tray 104 is less than or equal to 80% of the diameter of the horizontal reduction furnace tube.

[0034] In one embodiment, the heights of the bottom tray 101, the second-layer tray 102, the third-layer tray 103, and the fourth-layer tray 104 respectively account for 20% of the diameter of the horizontal reduction furnace tube.

[0035] In one embodiment, the clearance heights between the bottom tray 101, the second-layer tray 102, the third-layer tray 103, and the fourth-layer tray 104 respectively account for 2.5% of the diameter of the horizontal reduction furnace tube.

[0036] In one embodiment, first slots 201 are provided at both ends of the bottom tray 101; second slots 202 are provided at both ends of the second-layer tray 102, and a first buckle 301 that mates with the first slot 101 is provided at the lower part of the second slot 202; third slots 203 are provided at both ends of the third-layer tray 103, and a second buckle 302 that mates with the second slot 202 is provided at the lower part of the third slot 203; fourth slots 204 are provided at both ends of the fourth-layer tray 104, and a third buckle 303 that mates with the third slot 203 is provided at the lower part of the fourth slot 204.

[0037] In one embodiment, rounded corners are provided at the lower ends of the buckles 3.

[0038] In one embodiment, there are multiple material ears 4, all of which are provided with openings and are provided at the end side parts at both ends of the first slot 201, the second slot 202, the third slot 203, and the fourth slot 204.

[0039] In one embodiment, there are 4 pulleys 5, which are arranged in pairs at both ends of the bottom of the bottom tray 101.

[0040] In the above technical solution, the effective space inside the furnace tube of the reduction furnace is maximally utilized. The tray 1 is provided with four layers, and more metal powder can be loaded. The sum of the heights of the four layers of the tray 1 is less than or equal to 80% of the diameter of the horizontal reduction furnace tube. The height of each layer of the tray 1 respectively accounts for 20% of the diameter of the horizontal reduction furnace tube. The clearance height between each layer of the tray 1 respectively accounts for 2.5% of the diameter of the horizontal reduction furnace tube. This realizes that the thickness of the metal powder packing layer of each layer of the tray 1 is moderate. There are certain clearances between each layer of the tray 1 and the furnace tube and between adjacent layers of the tray 1, enabling the reducing gas to fully enter and fill the surroundings of each layer of the tray 1, ensuring the full reduction of the metal powder in each layer of the tray 1, improving the reduction efficiency of the metal powder, and solving the technical problem of the low reduction efficiency of oxygen in the metal powder produced by the existing water atomization method or hydrometallurgy process.

[0041] In the above technical solution, the side wall of the material tray 1 is of an arc-shaped structure, and the radian of the side wall of each layer of the material tray 1 is different segments of the same circular arc, so as to maximize the filling amount of metal powder in each layer of the material tray 1, improve the powder-making efficiency of metal powder, and effectively utilize the heat energy of the reduction furnace, achieving the purpose of energy conservation, emission reduction and reasonable utilization of resources.

[0042] In the above technical solution, the slot 2 and the buckle 3 are arranged at both ends of each layer of the material tray 1. The lower part of the buckle 3 is a rounded corner. The connection method of the slot 2 and the buckle 3 is adopted between each layer of the material tray 1 to connect the material beds into a whole. The gap height between each layer of the material tray 1 is realized by the height of the buckle 3, maximizing the utilization of the effective space in the reduction furnace tube. The structure of the material bed is stable and reliable and convenient for installation and disassembly.

[0043] In the above technical solution, pulleys are arranged at the bottom of the bottom layer material tray 101, facilitating the movement of the material bed in the furnace tube; material ears 4 with openings are provided at both ends of each layer of the material tray 1, facilitating hooking the material ears 4 with a material hook to push the material bed filled with metal powder to be reduced into the heating area position in the furnace tube or pull the reduced material bed out of the furnace tube, and effectively preventing operators from being scalded by the hot furnace tube and material bed at the same time.

[0044] Example:

[0045] In this example, a single-layer material boat and the material bed of the present utility model are respectively used to reduce CoCrMo alloy powder. The diameter of the furnace tube of the horizontal reduction furnace is 120 mm with two temperature zones, and the length of each heating zone is 300 mm, and the total length of the heating zone is 600 mm. The reduction process and specific parameters are shown in Table 1:

[0046] Among them, the filling amount of CoCrMo alloy powder in each single-layer material boat is 200 g, with a total of 400 g. The filling amount of the bottom layer material tray in the material bed of the present utility model is 100 g, the filling amount of the second layer material tray is 105 g, the filling amount of the third layer material tray is 110 g, the filling amount of the fourth layer material tray is 100 g, with a subtotal of 415 g and a total of 830 g; the average height of the CoCrMo alloy powder loaded in each layer of the material tray of the material bed is 20 mm, and the gap height between each layer of the material tray of the material bed is 3.0 mm. After filling the metal powder in each layer of the material tray of the material bed, in the order from the bottom layer material tray, the second layer material tray, the third layer material tray, and the fourth layer material tray from bottom to top, insert the buckle of each layer of the material tray into the slot of the lower layer material tray to complete the filling and installation of the material bed. Then, hook the opening of the material ear of the bottom layer material tray or the second layer material tray with a material hook, and gently push the material bed to the heating area position in the furnace tube.

[0047] The material boat / material bed enters the reduction furnace for metal powder reduction. The reduction furnace is filled with reducing gas hydrogen. The reduction reaction time of the metal powder in the reduction furnace is 7 h. The metal powder in the material boat / material bed is taken out from the outlet of the cooling zone of the reduction furnace.

[0048] Table 1 Reduction Process of CoCrMo Alloy Powder

[0049]

[0050]

[0051] The oxygen content of the reduced CoCrMo alloy powder was detected. The detection results showed that the oxygen content of the powder obtained by reducing with the material bed of the present utility model was lower than that of the powder obtained by reducing with a single-layer material boat. At the same time, the average difference in the oxygen content values of the metal powder reduced with the material bed of the present utility model was smaller than the average difference in the oxygen content values of the metal powder in different regions within the single-layer material boat, indicating that the reduction consistency of reducing CoCrMo alloy powder with the material bed of the present utility model is better than that of the single-layer material boat.

[0052] Obviously, the above embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present utility model, rather than all embodiments. The above embodiments are only used to explain the present utility model and do not constitute a limitation on the protection scope of the present utility model. Based on the above embodiments, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts, that is, all modifications, equivalent replacements, and improvements made within the spirit and principle of this application, all fall within the protection scope required by the present utility model.

Claims

1. A horizontal reduction furnace bed, characterized in that: The invention comprises four layers of material trays which are detachably installed from bottom to top, namely a bottom material tray (101), a second material tray (102), a third material tray (103), and a fourth material tray (104). The side walls of the bottom material tray (101), the second material tray (102), the third material tray (103), and the fourth material tray (104) are arc-shaped structures and constitute different segments of the same arc. The top of the bottom material tray (101) is wider than the bottom and narrower than the bottom of the second material tray (102). The top of the second material tray (102) is wider than the bottom and narrower than the bottom of the third material tray (103). The third material tray (103) is narrower at the top than the bottom and wider than the bottom of the fourth material tray (104). The fourth material tray (104) is narrower at the top than the bottom. A slot is provided at both ends of each material tray. A material ear is provided on the side of each slot. Buckles are provided at the lower parts of the slots of the second material tray (102), the third material tray (103) and the fourth material tray (104). The buckles of the upper material tray are inserted into the slots of the lower material tray, so that there is a gap between the two adjacent material trays. A pulley (5) is provided at the bottom of the bottom material tray (101).

2. The material bed of the horizontal reduction furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: The end surface of the material tray is perpendicular to its bottom surface.

3. The material bed of the horizontal reduction furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: The material ear is provided with an opening.

4. The material bed of the horizontal reduction furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower end of the buckle is provided with a rounded corner.

5. The material bed of the horizontal reduction furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: There are four pulleys (5), which are arranged in pairs at both ends of the bottom of the bottom material tray (101).

6. The material bed of the horizontal reduction furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sum of the heights of the bottom material tray (101), the second material tray (102), the third material tray (103) and the fourth material tray (104) is less than or equal to 80% of the diameter of the furnace tube of the horizontal reduction furnace.

7. The material bed of the horizontal reduction furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heights of the bottom material tray (101), the second material tray (102), the third material tray (103) and the fourth material tray (104) respectively account for 20% of the diameter of the furnace tube of the horizontal reduction furnace.

8. The material bed of the horizontal reduction furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: The height of the gap between two adjacent material trays accounts for 2.5% of the diameter of the horizontal reduction furnace tube.

9. The material bed of the horizontal reduction furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom material tray (101) is provided with a first slot (201) at both ends; the second material tray (102) is provided with a second slot (202) at both ends, and the lower portion of the second slot (202) is provided with a first buckle (301) that matches the first slot (201); the third material tray (103) is provided with a third slot (203) at both ends, and the lower portion of the third slot (203) is provided with a second buckle (302) that matches the second slot (202); the fourth material tray (104) is provided with a fourth slot (204) at both ends, and the lower portion of the fourth slot (204) is provided with a third buckle (303) that matches the third slot (203).

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