Device for preparing semi-coke through integration of drying, dry distillation and dry quenching

Abstract

The utility model relates to a drying, dry distillation and dry quenching integrated semi-coke preparation device which comprises a vertical furnace, and the vertical furnace is sequentially provided with a drying section, a dry distillation section and a dry quenching section from top to bottom; the drying section is composed of a heat storage chamber and a pre-storage area, and the dry distillation section is composed of a dry distillation chamber and an annular air duct; the dry quenching section consists of a cooling chamber and an air supply device; according to the vertical furnace disclosed by the utility model, a three-section structure consisting of the preheating drying section, the dry distillation section and the dry quenching cooling section is adopted, so that continuous integrated treatment of drying, dry distillation and cooling of coal is realized; a heat source of the vertical retort adopts raw coke oven gas generated in the dry distillation process, external heating coal gas does not need to be introduced, and the heat efficiency and the energy utilization rate of the vertical retort are effectively improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of coal coking, in particular to a device for preparing blue coke by integrating drying, distillation and dry quenching. Background Art

[0002] Lignite (also known as semi-coke, dry distillation coal) is a black or gray-black solid substance obtained by medium-temperature dry distillation (generally around 600-800°C) of young coal with a low degree of coalification (including lignite, long flame coal, non-sticky coal, weakly sticky coal, etc.). It is mainly used in industrial sectors such as chemical, metallurgy, and gasification, and can also be used as a clean fuel in civilian areas.

[0003] With the continuous expansion of the application fields of lignite, lignite has high application value in improving the quality of downstream products, saving energy and reducing consumption, reducing costs and increasing production. At the same time, lignite also has great development potential in blast furnace injection, production of carbonized materials and activated carbon, as well as civil and boiler fuel.

[0004] Currently, domestic semi-coke production mostly utilizes internally heated vertical furnaces, primarily using lump bituminous coal as raw material. These furnaces consist of three sections: a drying section, a dry distillation section, and a cooling section, with the heat source typically being externally heated coal gas. For example, Chinese patent application publication number CN112442382A discloses a "method for preparing semi-coke," comprising the following steps: selecting raw coal with a lump size of 20 to 80 mm to prepare semi-coke. The raw coal is then loaded from top to bottom into the internally heated vertical furnace, and a mixture of air and coal gas is introduced to ensure thorough contact. First, the semi-coke is preheated in a carbonization chamber for 12 to 16 hours at a preheating temperature of 140 to 160°C. After preheating, the semi-coke is dry-distilled in the carbonization chamber for 5 to 7 hours at a temperature of 500 to 850°C. After dry distillation, the semi-coke is cooled in the carbonization chamber for 1 to 3 hours at a temperature of 100 to 150°C, resulting in the semi-coke. The obtained blue charcoal is quenched with clean water and then sent to a dryer for drying until the moisture content drops to 15-20%. After drying, it falls into the bottom of an internally heated vertical furnace and is cooled to 50°C. The cooled blue charcoal is then scraped out by a scraper for screening and storage.

[0005] The process of producing lignite using conventional internal hot chamber vertical furnace has problems of high energy consumption and production costs. How to improve the thermal efficiency of lignite preparation equipment and improve energy utilization is crucial to achieving efficient and low-cost production of lignite. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The utility model provides a device for preparing semi-coke by integrating drying, dry distillation and dry quenching. The vertical furnace adopts a three-section structure consisting of a preheating and drying section, a dry distillation section and a dry quenching and cooling section, thereby realizing continuous integrated processing of coal drying, dry distillation and cooling. The heat source of the vertical furnace adopts the raw coal gas generated in the dry distillation process, and there is no need to introduce external heating gas, which effectively improves the thermal efficiency and energy utilization rate of the vertical furnace.

[0007] In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0008] A device for preparing semi-coke by drying, dry distillation and dry quenching, comprising a vertical furnace; the vertical furnace is provided with a drying section, a dry distillation section and a dry quenching section in order from top to bottom; the drying section is composed of a heat storage chamber and a pre-storage area, the dry distillation section is composed of a dry distillation chamber and an annular air duct; the dry quenching section is composed of a cooling chamber and an air supply device; the pre-storage area, the dry distillation chamber and the cooling chamber are connected in sequence to form a material discharge channel; the heat storage chamber is an annular structure, arranged on the periphery of the pre-storage area, the heat storage chamber is filled with checker bricks, and the top of the heat storage chamber is provided with an exhaust gas collection and discharge port connected The external exhaust gas treatment device, the bottom of the heat storage chamber is connected to the annular air duct; the annular air duct is arranged on the periphery of the distillation chamber, the bottom of the annular air duct is connected to the upper part of the cooling chamber through an inclined channel, and an air inlet is arranged on the outside of the annular air duct; the air supply device includes a central air hood, a cross air duct, a cooling air chamber and a cooling air inlet, the central air hood is arranged at the lower center of the cooling chamber, the cooling air chamber is arranged on the lower periphery of the cooling chamber, the bottom of the central air hood is connected to the cooling air chamber through a cross air duct, and the cooling air chamber is provided with a cooling air inlet.

[0009] Furthermore, the vertical furnace also includes a storage bin, a feeding device and a coke discharge device; the storage bin is arranged at the top of the vertical furnace, and the storage bin is connected to the pre-storage area of the drying section through the feeding device; the coke discharge device is arranged at the bottom of the cooling chamber.

[0010] Furthermore, a fan is provided on the exhaust gas pipeline connecting the exhaust gas collection and discharge port at the top of the heat storage chamber and the external exhaust gas treatment device.

[0011] Furthermore, two air inlets are arranged on the outside of the annular air duct along the height direction, the lower part is air inlet one, and the upper part is air inlet two.

[0012] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0013] 1) The functions of the preheating furnace, combustion furnace, carbonization furnace and cooling device are integrated into a vertical furnace, with high process integration and compact device structure;

[0014] 2) The heat source of the vertical furnace is the raw gas generated during the dry distillation process, and no external heating gas is required, which improves energy utilization and reduces energy consumption;

[0015] 3) The air in the annular air duct is introduced in sections along the height direction, which can adjust the air volume in the upper and lower areas. The staged combustion makes the heating in the distillation chamber more uniform, which is beneficial to improving the quality of semi-coke.

[0016] 4) Checker bricks are arranged in the heat storage chamber. After the exhaust gas completes heat exchange through the checker bricks, it dries and preheats the pulverized coal in the pre-storage area, which is beneficial to the utilization of waste heat and improves thermal efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the device for preparing blue charcoal by integrating drying, distillation and dry quenching according to the present invention.

[0018] In the figure: 1-Storage silo 2-Unloading device 3-Pre-storage area 4-Regenerator 5-Exhaust gas collection and discharge port 6-Retort chamber 7-Annular air duct 8-Air inlet 1 9-Air inlet 2 10-Ramp 11-Cooling chamber 12-Central air hood 13-Cross air duct 14-Cooling air inlet DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] The specific embodiments of the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings:

[0020] like Figure 1 As shown, the device for preparing semi-coke by drying, dry distillation and dry quenching described in the present invention comprises a vertical furnace; the vertical furnace is provided with a drying section, a dry distillation section and a dry quenching section in sequence from top to bottom; the drying section is composed of a heat storage chamber 4 and a pre-storage area 3, the dry distillation section is composed of a dry distillation chamber 6 and an annular air duct 7; the dry quenching section is composed of a cooling chamber 11 and an air supply device; the pre-storage area 3, the dry distillation chamber 6 and the cooling chamber 11 are connected in sequence to form a material discharge channel; the heat storage chamber 4 is an annular structure, which is arranged on the periphery of the pre-storage area 3, the heat storage chamber 4 is filled with checker bricks, and the top of the heat storage chamber 4 is provided with an exhaust gas collection and discharge port 5 connected to the outside The exhaust gas treatment device comprises: the bottom of the heat storage chamber 4 is connected to the annular air duct 7; the annular air duct 7 is arranged on the periphery of the distillation chamber 6, the bottom of the annular air duct 7 is connected to the upper part of the cooling chamber 11 through the inclined channel 10, and an air inlet is provided on the outer side of the annular air duct 7; the air supply device comprises a central air hood 12, a cross air duct 13, a cooling air chamber and a cooling air inlet 14, the central air hood 12 is arranged at the lower center of the cooling chamber 11, the cooling air chamber is arranged on the lower periphery of the cooling chamber 11, the bottom of the central air hood 12 is connected to the cooling air chamber through the cross air duct 13, and the cooling air chamber is provided with a cooling air inlet 14.

[0021] Furthermore, the vertical furnace also includes a storage bin 1, a feeding device 2 and a coke removal device; the storage bin 1 is arranged at the top of the vertical furnace, and the storage bin 1 is connected to the pre-storage area 3 of the drying section through the feeding device 2; the coke removal device is arranged at the bottom of the cooling chamber 11.

[0022] Furthermore, a fan is provided on the exhaust gas pipeline connecting the exhaust gas collection and discharge port 5 at the top of the heat storage chamber 4 and the external exhaust gas treatment device.

[0023] Furthermore, two air inlets are arranged on the outer side of the annular air duct 7 along the height direction, the lower part is air inlet 1 8, and the upper part is air inlet 2 9.

[0024] The process of the device for preparing blue charcoal by integrating drying, distillation and dry quenching described in the present invention is as follows:

[0025] 1) The storage bin 1 evenly introduces the coal into the pre-storage area 3 through the feeding device 2. When the coal passes through the pre-storage area 3, the regenerator 4 dries and preheats the coal;

[0026] 2) The coal feed flows downward into the retorting chamber 6. The smoke generated by the coal retorting flows through the chute 10 into the annular air duct 7, where it mixes with the external air introduced through the air inlet 1 8 and burns. The remaining smoke flows upward and further burns with the air introduced through the air inlet 2 9. The heat generated by the combustion serves as the heat source for the retorting of the coal feed in the retorting chamber 6.

[0027] 3) The exhaust gas generated by the combustion in the annular air duct 7 flows into the regenerator 4 above, exchanges heat with the checker bricks in the regenerator 4, and the coal is dried and preheated by the checker bricks after heat storage;

[0028] 4) The fan on the exhaust gas pipeline creates negative pressure at the exhaust gas collection and discharge port 5, and the exhaust gas at the top of the heat storage chamber 4 is discharged through the exhaust gas collection and discharge port 5 and enters the subsequent exhaust gas treatment device;

[0029] 5) After the coal is dry-distilled in the dry distillation chamber 6, semi-coke with a temperature of 600-800°C is formed. The semi-coke enters the cooling chamber 11 for dry quenching and cooling. In the cooling chamber 11, external cooling air passes through the blower through the cooling air inlet 14 and enters the cooling air chamber. Then, it is sent to the central air cap 12 through the cross air duct 13. The cooling air is evenly distributed into the cooling chamber 11 through the central air cap 12. After heat exchange between the semi-coke and the cooling air, the temperature drops to below 200°C. After heat exchange, the cooling air enters the annular air duct 7 through the ramp 10 to participate in combustion.

[0030] 6) The semi-coke cooled in the cooling chamber 11 is discharged from the coke discharge device at the bottom of the cooling chamber 11.

[0031] The following embodiments are implemented based on the technical solution of the present utility model, and provide detailed implementation methods and specific operating processes, but the protection scope of the present utility model is not limited to the following embodiments.

[0032] [Example]

[0033] like Figure 1 As shown in the figure, in this embodiment, the apparatus for preparing semi-coke by integrating drying, distillation and dry quenching is a vertical furnace with a columnar structure. The apparatus is equipped with a storage bin 1, a feeding device 2, a drying section, a dry distillation section and a dry quenching section. The storage bin 1, the feeding device 2, the drying section, the dry distillation section and the dry quenching section are connected in series from top to bottom.

[0034] In this embodiment, the drying section consists of a heat storage chamber 4 and a pre-storage area 3. The heat storage chamber 4 is an annular structure and is arranged on the periphery of the pre-storage area 3. Checker bricks are arranged in the heat storage chamber 4, and an exhaust gas collection and discharge port 5 is provided on the top of the heat storage chamber 4.

[0035] In this embodiment, the retorting section consists of a retorting chamber 6 and an annular air duct 7. The annular air duct 7 is annular and disposed around the periphery of the retorting chamber 6. Air inlet 1 8 is provided at the lower portion of the outer wall of the annular air duct 7, and air inlet 2 9 is provided at the upper portion. Exhaust gases generated after combustion in the annular air duct 7 flow upward into the regenerator 4 through multiple channels evenly distributed along the annular surface, and are discharged out of the furnace through an exhaust gas collection and discharge port 5 at the top of the regenerator 4. The use of air inlet 1 8 and air inlet 2 9 achieves segmented combustion heating along the height of the annular air duct, promoting uniformity in the height direction and ensuring more complete combustion.

[0036] In this embodiment, the dry quenching section is composed of an air supply device 12 and a cooling chamber 11. The air supply device includes a central air hood 12, a cross air duct 13 and a cooling air chamber. The cooling air enters the cooling air chamber through the cooling air inlet 14 through an external blower, and is then sent into the central air hood 12 through the cross air duct 13, and is evenly supplied to the cooling chamber 11 through the central air hood 12.

[0037] In this embodiment, the annular air duct 7 and the dry distillation chamber 6 are connected by an inclined channel 10. The coal smoke generated in the dry distillation chamber 6 enters the annular air duct 7 through the inclined channel 10, is first mixed with the air entering from the air inlet 1 8 and then burns. The remaining coal smoke is further burned with the air entering from the air inlet 2 9. The heat generated by the combustion serves as a heat source for the dry distillation of the coal powder in the dry distillation chamber 6.

[0038] A fan is provided on the exhaust gas pipeline between the exhaust gas collecting and discharging port 5 provided on the top of the regenerator 4 and the external exhaust gas treatment device. The fan forms a negative pressure at the exhaust gas collecting and discharging port 5. The exhaust gas reaching the top of the regenerator 4 after heat exchange with the checker bricks is discharged out of the furnace through the exhaust gas collecting and discharging port 5 and enters the exhaust gas treatment device for purification treatment.

[0039] In this embodiment, after the coal is dry-distilled in the dry distillation chamber 6, lignite with a temperature of about 700°C is formed, and the lignite enters the cooling chamber 11 for dry quenching and cooling; after heat exchange with the cooling gas, the temperature of the lignite drops to below 200°C, and the cooling gas after heat exchange enters the annular air duct 7 through the ramp 10 to participate in combustion; the cooled lignite is discharged from the coke discharge device at the bottom of the cooling chamber 11.

[0040] The above is only a preferred specific implementation method of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to this. Any technician familiar with the technical field within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention can make equivalent replacements or changes based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, which should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for preparing semi-coke by integrating drying, distillation and dry quenching, comprising a vertical furnace; characterized in that: The vertical furnace is provided with a drying section, a dry distillation section and a dry quenching section from top to bottom; the drying section is composed of a heat storage chamber and a pre-storage area, the dry distillation section is composed of a dry distillation chamber and an annular air duct; the dry quenching section is composed of a cooling chamber and an air supply device; the pre-storage area, the dry distillation chamber and the cooling chamber are connected in sequence to form a material discharge channel; the heat storage chamber is an annular structure, arranged at the periphery of the pre-storage area, the heat storage chamber is filled with checker bricks, the top of the heat storage chamber is provided with an exhaust gas collection and discharge port connected to an external exhaust gas treatment device, and the bottom of the heat storage chamber is connected to the annular air duct; the annular air duct is arranged at the periphery of the dry distillation chamber, the bottom of the annular air duct is connected to the upper part of the cooling chamber through an inclined channel, and an air inlet is arranged on the outside of the annular air duct; the air supply device includes a central air hood, a cross air duct, a cooling air chamber and a cooling air inlet, the central air hood is arranged at the lower center of the cooling chamber, the cooling air chamber is arranged at the lower periphery of the cooling chamber, the bottom of the central air hood is connected to the cooling air chamber through a cross air duct, and the cooling air chamber is provided with a cooling air inlet.

2. The device for preparing blue carbon by integrating drying, distillation and dry quenching according to claim 1, characterized in that: The vertical furnace also includes a storage bin, a feeding device and a coke discharge device; the storage bin is arranged at the top of the vertical furnace, and the storage bin is connected to the pre-storage area of the drying section through the feeding device; the coke discharge device is arranged at the bottom of the cooling chamber.

3. The device for preparing blue carbon by integrating drying, distillation and dry quenching according to claim 1, characterized in that: A fan is provided on the exhaust gas pipeline connecting the exhaust gas collection and discharge port at the top of the heat storage chamber and the external exhaust gas treatment device.

4. The device for preparing blue carbon by integrating drying, distillation and dry quenching according to claim 1, characterized in that: Two air inlets are arranged on the outside of the annular air duct along the height direction, the lower part is air inlet one, and the upper part is air inlet two.

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