Adjustable weft knitting mechanism of rapier loom

Abstract

The utility model discloses an adjustable weft knitting mechanism of a rapier loom, which comprises a first crankshaft driven by a transfer case of the rapier loom, two ends of the first crankshaft are rotatably connected with a frame through bearings, crankshaft mechanisms are arranged on two sides of the first crankshaft in the frame, and the crankshaft mechanisms are connected with the first crankshaft through bearings. The crankshaft component comprises a crank, a shaft rod, a bearing component and a connecting rod component, the connecting rod component comprises a first connecting rod, a second connecting rod and a third connecting rod, the rear end of the first connecting rod is rotationally connected with the shaft rod, the front end of the first connecting rod is rotationally connected with the rear end of the second connecting rod through a rotating shaft, and the front end of the second connecting rod is connected with the weft knitting mechanism through a rocker arm; the upper end of the third connecting rod is rotationally connected with the rotating shaft, the third connecting rod is arranged below the first connecting rod and the second connecting rod, and a position adjusting mechanism is arranged at the lower end of the third connecting rod.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of intelligent manufacturing of rapier looms, in particular to an adjustable weft knitting mechanism of a rapier loom. Background Art

[0002] The rapier loom is the most widely used shuttleless loom. In addition to the characteristics of high speed, high degree of automation and high efficiency of shuttleless loom, its active weft insertion method has strong adaptability to variety and can adapt to the weft insertion of various types of yarns. In addition, the rapier loom also has obvious advantages in multi-color weft weaving and can produce yarn-dyed products with up to multi-color weft yarns.

[0003] The rapier heads of most rapier looms are highly versatile, adapting to weft yarns of varying raw materials, thicknesses, and cross-sectional shapes. Therefore, rapier weft insertion is ideal for processing coarse-density fancy yarns in the weft direction (such as loop yarn, knot yarn, and slub yarn), or for creating decorative fabrics by alternating fine and coarse yarns to form thick and thin strips, combined with warp jacquard patterns. This creates high-end fabrics with varying textures and undulating patterns, something difficult to achieve with other shuttleless weft insertion methods.

[0004] By using different materials or different thicknesses of weft for specific weaving, the texture or feel of the fabric can be improved. This type of fabric can be used in applications such as high-end fabrics, high-end wall coverings, high-end home textile fabrics or high-end luggage fabrics. It has a fluctuating feel and can meet the different needs of users.

[0005] Traditional rapier looms usually use a fixed gear ratio transmission box structure. During the weft knitting operation, it uses a fixed force and stroke operation. During the weaving process, it is difficult to make targeted real-time adjustments. Therefore, when weaving weft threads of different materials and thicknesses, the weft knitting force and stroke are the same, which can easily cause these weft threads to be over-compressed during weaving, resulting in deficiencies in the three-dimensional sense and artistic effect of the finished product. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The utility model aims to provide a rapier loom and a differential weft knitting process, which can improve the three-dimensional sense and artistic effect of finished fabrics by performing differential weft knitting stroke operations on different weft yarn structures.

[0007] In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical solution of the utility model is as follows:

[0008] The cam is connected to the frame via bearings at both ends of the first crankshaft, and the crankshaft mechanism is arranged on both sides of the frame. The crankshaft component includes a crank, a shaft, a bearing component and a connecting rod component. The connecting rod component includes a first connecting rod, a second connecting rod and a third connecting rod. The rear end of the first connecting rod is rotatably connected to the shaft, the front end of the first connecting rod is rotatably connected to the rear end of the second connecting rod via a rotating shaft, the front end of the second connecting rod is connected to the weft knitting mechanism via a rocker arm, and realizes the synchronous reciprocating swing operation of the weft knitting mechanism. The upper end of the third connecting rod is rotatably connected to the rotating shaft, and the third connecting rod is arranged below the first connecting rod and the second connecting rod. The lower end of the third connecting rod is provided with a position adjustment mechanism.

[0009] Furthermore, a balancing block is arranged on the crank on the side opposite to the shaft.

[0010] Furthermore, the third connecting rod is arranged below the first connecting rod and the second connecting rod.

[0011] Furthermore, the position adjustment mechanism includes a screw and a servo motor, the servo motor is used to drive the screw to rotate forward or reverse, a nut block is arranged on the screw, and the lower end of the third connecting rod is in a rotationally connected state with the nut block.

[0012] Furthermore, the screw rod is arranged horizontally.

[0013] Furthermore, sliding blocks are provided on both sides of the screw rod, the nut block and the sliding block are an integrated structure, and sliding grooves are arranged on the outside of the sliding blocks. The arrangement direction of the sliding grooves is consistent with the arrangement direction of the screw rod, and the sliding grooves can accommodate the sliding blocks.

[0014] Furthermore, a Hall sensor is arranged on the first connecting rod, and a permanent magnet cooperating with the Hall sensor is arranged on the crank.

[0015] Furthermore, the rear end of the first connecting rod is connected to a rear cover plate, which is integrally mounted via two upper and lower nuts. A crescent-shaped cavity is provided inside the rear cover plate, and the cavity is used to accommodate lubricating grease.

[0016] Furthermore, a through hole and a sealing nut are arranged outwardly from the cavity.

[0017] Compared with existing technologies, this solution has the following advantages:

[0018] The present invention relates to an adjustable weft knitting mechanism for a rapier loom, which realizes the function of actively adjusting the maximum stroke through a connecting rod structure composed of a first connecting rod, a second connecting rod and a third connecting rod. The purpose is to implement precise weft knitting operations for different weft threads (including the thickness of the weft threads, the strength of the elasticity, etc.) to achieve the set weft knitting requirements and the finished product effect. The core innovation of this scheme is that it can be precisely adjusted for each independent weft knitting operation. The maximum adjustment range can exceed 4 mm, and the accuracy can be controlled at the 0.01 mm level. Therefore, it has excellent accuracy and applicability. In conjunction with the corresponding weft threads, fabrics with gradual or different weft thicknesses can be woven. The thickness or sparseness of each weft thread can also be arbitrarily controlled to achieve the weaving of personalized fabrics. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a preferred embodiment.

[0020] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the rapier loom from the rear end perspective.

[0021] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a typical weft arrangement structure.

[0022] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structural decomposition of the crankshaft mechanism.

[0023] Figure 5 This is a structural diagram of the crankshaft mechanism in a working state.

[0024] Figure 6 This is another working state structural diagram of the crankshaft mechanism.

[0025] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the first connecting rod structure.

[0026] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the internal structure of the rear cover.

[0027] Figure 9 Schematic diagram of the structural decomposition of the bearing mechanism.

[0028] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the motion control structure of the weft knitting mechanism.

[0029] Figure 11 This is a simplified diagram of the weft knitting mechanism's fine-tuning stroke structure.

[0030] Figure 12 Schematic diagram of the structure of a typical finished fabric.

[0031] Figure 13 This is the arrangement structure diagram of the typical finished fabric. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] The original intention of this proposal is to provide a rapier loom that can weave fabrics with a three-dimensional feel or different weft density effects according to different weft combinations and weaving settings. Such fabrics have specific artistic effects and specific functions, such as high-end curtains, which implement different weft weft structures in the rotating part and the straight part. Such fabrics can also be widely used in home textiles, ready-made clothing fabrics, luggage fabrics, vehicle interior fabrics, etc.

[0033] refer to Figures 1 to 9 A rapier loom includes a frame 1 and a rapier mechanism 2 arranged on one side of the frame. A transfer case 3 is arranged on the frame. One side of the transfer case 3 is connected to a main motor 31 to realize power input. The transfer case 3 transmits power to multiple components according to a set ratio to realize synchronous operation of the entire rapier loom.

[0034] Generally speaking, the rear end of the rapier loom inputs the warp to be woven according to the interweaving setting through the warp feed mechanism 11, and keeps the warp at the set tension; at the front end of the warp feed mechanism 11, the warp is grouped up and down through the opening mechanism 12, that is, the upper and lower heald frames, and the stroke is staggered. The staggered warp passes through the reed of the weft braiding mechanism 13 and forms a triangular cloth fell structure at the front end. At the cloth fell, the rapier structure 2 receives the weft from the weft feed mechanism, and these wefts are transported in sequence according to the weaving structure. After the weft insertion operation of the rapier structure 2, the corresponding weft is fed into the cloth fell, and under the operation of the weft braiding mechanism 13, the weaving operation is realized. The rear winding mechanism 14 reels the woven fabric according to the stroke and realizes continuous high-speed weaving operation.

[0035] In this solution, the transfer case 3 is connected to a first crankshaft 15, and both ends of the first crankshaft 15 are rotationally connected to the frame 1 through bearings. Crankshaft mechanisms 4 of the same structure are arranged on both sides of the first crankshaft 15 inside the frame 1. The crankshaft mechanism 4 includes a crank 41, a shaft 42, a bearing component 5 and a connecting rod component 6, wherein one end of the connecting rod component 6 is rotationally connected to the shaft 42 through the bearing component 5, and the other end of the connecting rod component 6 is connected to the weft knitting mechanism 13 through the rocker arm 16, and realizes the synchronous reciprocating swing operation of the weft knitting mechanism 13.

[0036] A balancing block 43 is arranged on the side of the crank 41 opposite to the shaft 42 to improve the dynamic balance performance during rotation and reduce wear.

[0037] The connecting rod component 6 includes a first connecting rod 61, a second connecting rod 62 and a third connecting rod 63. The rear end of the first connecting rod 61 is rotatably connected to the crankshaft mechanism 4, and the bearing component 5 and the shaft 42 are clamped and arranged inside it, so as to realize the conversion of the rotation of the first crankshaft 15 driven by the transfer case 3 into a forward and backward swinging operation, and its reciprocating stroke matches the effective length of the crank 41.

[0038] The front end of the first link 61 is rotatably connected to the rear end of the second link 62 via a rotating shaft, the front end of the second link 62 is rotatably connected to the rocker arm 16, the upper end of the third link 63 is rotatably connected to the rotating shaft, and the third link 63 is arranged below the first link 61 and the second link 62, and a position adjustment mechanism is provided at the lower end of the third link 63.

[0039] Specifically, the position adjustment mechanism includes a screw rod 64 and a servo motor 65. The servo motor 65 is used to drive the screw rod 64 to rotate forward or reverse. A nut block 66 is arranged on the screw rod 64. The lower end of the third connecting rod 63 is rotationally connected to the nut block 66, and the screw rod 64 is in a horizontal arrangement state.

[0040] In order to improve the structural stability when the position of the third connecting rod 63 is adjusted and reduce the impact force of the reciprocating swing on the screw rod 64, sliding blocks 67 are provided on both sides of the screw rod 64. The nut block 66 and the sliding block 67 are an integrated structure. A sliding groove 68 is arranged on the outer side of the sliding block 67. The arrangement direction of the sliding groove 68 is consistent with the arrangement direction of the screw rod 64. The sliding groove 68 can accommodate the sliding block 67, so it will not interfere with the horizontal displacement operation of the nut block 66, and bear the reciprocating impact force of the third connecting rod 63, making its structure more stable and reducing deformation.

[0041] In order to improve the precise adjustment of the connecting rod component 6, a Hall sensor 45 is arranged on one side of the first connecting rod 61, and a permanent magnet 44 cooperating with the Hall sensor 45 is arranged on the crank 41. When the crankshaft mechanism 4 rotates one circle, specifically, when the first connecting rod 61 is in the rear end stroke position, the Hall sensor 45 and the permanent magnet 44 are in the closest contact state, so the rotation position of the crankshaft mechanism 4 can be sensed by the Hall sensor 45, so that the front end position of the third connecting rod 63 can be precisely adjusted and controlled by controlling the horizontal position of the lower end of the third connecting rod 63 under the constant speed of the first crankshaft 15, thereby realizing the differential weft knitting operation function.

[0042] The bearing component 5 is clamped and arranged at the rear end of the first connecting rod 61. The rear end of the first connecting rod 61 is connected to the rear cover plate 69. The rear cover plate 69 is installed as a whole through two upper and lower nuts 691. A crescent-shaped cavity 692 is provided inside the rear cover plate 69. The cavity is used to accommodate lubricating grease. A through hole 693 and a sealing nut 694 are arranged outward from the cavity 692 to realize the filling operation of the lubricating grease inside the cavity 692.

[0043] The bearing component 5 comprises an inner ring 51, a retainer 52, and an outer ring 53. Rollers are evenly distributed within the retainer 52, converting sliding friction into rolling friction. To facilitate installation, replacement, and maintenance, the inner ring 51, retainer 52, and outer ring 53 are each split into two parts. To further enhance the structural strength and precision of the bearing component 5, the ends of the single-lobe outer ring 53 feature mating protrusions 54 and grooves 55, forming a single, integrated outer ring structure. The outer ring 53 also features a stepped structure 56, enhancing its structural strength. This structure, located on the inner wall of the first connecting rod 61 and aligning with the outer ring 53's external structure, ensures a more secure and reliable installation.

[0044] Two straight holes 57 are provided on the upper and lower sides of the outer ring 53 near the cavity 692. During the reciprocating motion of the crankshaft mechanism 4, the internal grease will enter the retaining frame 52 from the lower straight hole 57 under the squeeze of gravity and inertia, thereby realizing the lubrication operation of the outer wall of the inner ring 51, the roller and the inner wall of the outer ring 53, and realizing long-term lubrication maintenance operation.

[0045] refer to Figure 10 , wherein the first connecting rod 61, the second connecting rod 62 and the third connecting rod 63 represented by black are in the rear end running position state, and the red ones represent the first connecting rod 61, the second connecting rod 62 and the third connecting rod 63 in the front end running state position. The front end stroke position is the working point of the weft knitting mechanism 13 for weft knitting operation. In this solution, through the star-shaped arrangement structure of the first connecting rod 61, the second connecting rod 62 and the third connecting rod 63, and ensuring that the first connecting rod 61 and the second connecting rod 62 are at a large angle and in a state close to a straight line at the weft knitting working point (front end running position), the force transmission is more direct, which improves the transmission efficiency of the structure and provides a basis for subsequent precise fine-tuning.

[0046] refer to Figure 11 , at the weft knitting working point, by fine-tuning the position of the lower end of the third link 63 backward, the first link 61 and the second link 62 can be in a more straight state, so the weft knitting mechanism 13 can rotate forward very slightly. Conversely, by fine-tuning the position of the lower end of the third link 63 forward, the weft knitting mechanism 13 can rotate successively very slightly, thereby realizing fine-tuning control of the weft knitting stroke, and finally realizing precise fine-tuning for the different weft yarn structures. The outstanding advantage of this solution is that, under the synchronous control of the controller, the position of the lower end of the third link 63 is precisely fine-tuned by the lead screw 64 and the servo motor 65, so that more precise adjustment of the weft knitting mechanism 13 can be achieved. Since its adjustment is a deceleration adjustment, the adjustment can be made more precise, especially the lead screw 64 and the servo motor 65 adopt a lead screw structure, so the position of the lower end of the third link 63 is adjusted more accurately by the servo motor 65, thereby achieving more precise and accurate weft knitting operation, ensuring that the finished fabric accurately reflects the design requirements.

[0047] Another solution of this solution is a differential weft knitting process for a rapier loom, which is applied to the above-mentioned rapier loom, comprising:

[0048] The warp threads to be woven are supplied by the warp let-off mechanism according to the interweaving setting and the warp threads are kept at the set tension;

[0049] The shedding mechanism separates the warp threads up and down according to the fabric structure to form a shed for weft insertion.

[0050] The weft selection mechanism arranges the corresponding wefts to the warp and weft mechanisms according to the set weft sequence;

[0051] The corresponding weft thread is introduced into the shed through the rapier structure;

[0052] When the corresponding weft thread is introduced into the shed, the servo motor of the connecting rod component adjusts the maximum stroke of the connecting rod according to the weft knitting setting, and pushes the weft thread introduced into the shed toward the cloth fell with the stroke to form the fabric;

[0053] The take-up mechanism leads the woven fabric away from the fabric forming area and rolls it into a certain package;

[0054] Repeat the above steps to achieve differential weft knitting and weaving operations according to fabric requirements and weft knitting settings.

[0055] When the weft knitting stroke needs to be changed, during the operation of the servo motor of the connecting rod component adjusting the maximum stroke of the connecting rod mechanism, the rotation cycle of the crankshaft mechanism is sensed by the Hall sensor, and during the forward rotation of the connecting rod mechanism, the servo motor implements the maximum stroke operation of the connecting rod mechanism.

[0056] refer to Figure 12 Figure 13 The purpose of this solution is to implement accurate weft knitting operation for different weft types or thickness structures. The finished fabric has Figure 13 The weaving operation of the nine weft threads shown is completed, among which (from left to right) the fourth and sixth weft threads are 1.5 times the standard weft thread diameter, and the fifth is 2 times the standard weft thread diameter. If traditional weaving equipment is used, the four, five, and six weft threads will be over-squeezed when weaving, and the fluffy texture of the fabric application will not be achieved. However, through this solution, when weaving the four, five, and six weft threads, the weft weaving stroke is precisely controlled to achieve orderly arrangement and weaving of the fabric. Therefore, it is possible to accurately meet the production design requirements and realize precise weaving control of each weft thread under the control of the controller, greatly improving the texture of the finished product and the flexibility of weaving.

[0057] Compared with existing technologies, this solution has the following advantages:

[0058] The rapier loom of this solution realizes the weft knitting operation of the weft knitting mechanism through the first crankshaft and the crankshaft mechanism, wherein the bearing of the crankshaft mechanism adopts a structure arranged in two parts, which greatly reduces the difficulty of replacing or maintaining the bearing of the crankshaft mechanism. Since the bearings and related transmission parts and rotating parts work hard when the rapier loom is working, slight wear can easily cause the corresponding mechanism to reduce the accuracy, which will affect the consistency and quality of the finished fabric. Therefore, the crankshaft mechanism of this solution has excellent maintainability and ensures long-term working stability.

[0059] The connecting rod structure of this solution has the function of actively adjusting the maximum stroke. The purpose is to implement precise weft knitting operations for different weft threads (including the thickness of the weft threads, the strength of the elasticity, etc.), to achieve the set weft knitting requirements and the finished product effect. The core innovation of this solution is that it can be precisely adjusted for each independent weft knitting operation. The maximum adjustment range can exceed 4 mm, and the accuracy can be controlled at the 0.01 mm level. Therefore, it has excellent accuracy and applicability. With the corresponding weft threads, fabrics with gradual or different weft thickness can be woven. The thickness or sparseness of each weft thread can also be arbitrarily controlled to achieve the weaving of personalized fabrics.

[0060] The differential weft knitting process of the rapier loom in this scheme implements differential weft knitting operations for different weft threads according to the weaving requirements, and ensures that each weft thread can be accurately operated. Compared with the traditional mechanical stepless weft density adjustment method, it has better accuracy and operability, and can achieve precise adjustment operation under high-speed operation.

Claims

1. An adjustable weft knitting mechanism for a rapier loom, characterized in that: The cam is connected to the frame via bearings at both ends of the first crankshaft, and a crank mechanism is arranged on both sides of the frame. The crankshaft component includes a crank, a shaft, a bearing component and a connecting rod component. The connecting rod component includes a first connecting rod, a second connecting rod and a third connecting rod. The rear end of the first connecting rod is rotatably connected to the shaft, the front end of the first connecting rod is rotatably connected to the rear end of the second connecting rod through a rotating shaft, the front end of the second connecting rod is connected to the weft knitting mechanism through a rocker arm, and realizes the synchronous reciprocating swing operation of the weft knitting mechanism. The upper end of the third connecting rod is rotatably connected to the rotating shaft, and the third connecting rod is arranged below the first connecting rod and the second connecting rod. The lower end of the third connecting rod is provided with a position adjustment mechanism.

2. The adjustable weft knitting mechanism of a rapier loom according to claim 1, characterized in that: The crank is provided with a balancing weight on the side opposite to the shaft.

3. The adjustable weft knitting mechanism of a rapier loom according to claim 1, characterized in that: The third link is arranged below the first link and the second link.

4. The adjustable weft knitting mechanism of a rapier loom according to claim 1, characterized in that: The position adjustment mechanism includes a screw and a servo motor. The servo motor is used to drive the screw to rotate forward or reverse. A nut block is arranged on the screw, and the lower end of the third connecting rod is in a rotationally connected state with the nut block.

5. The adjustable weft knitting mechanism of a rapier loom according to claim 4, characterized in that: The screw rod is in a horizontal arrangement state.

6. The adjustable weft knitting mechanism of a rapier loom according to claim 4, characterized in that: Sliding blocks are provided on both sides of the screw rod. The nut block and the sliding block are an integrated structure. Sliding grooves are arranged on the outside of the sliding blocks. The arrangement direction of the sliding grooves is consistent with the arrangement direction of the screw rod, and the sliding grooves can accommodate the sliding blocks.

7. The adjustable weft knitting mechanism of a rapier loom according to claim 1, characterized in that: A Hall sensor is arranged on the first connecting rod, and a permanent magnet matched with the Hall sensor is arranged on the crank.

8. The adjustable weft knitting mechanism of a rapier loom according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rear end of the first connecting rod is connected to a rear cover plate, which is installed as a whole through two upper and lower nuts. A crescent-shaped cavity is provided inside the rear cover plate, and the cavity is used to accommodate lubricating grease.

9. The adjustable weft knitting mechanism of a rapier loom according to claim 8, characterized in that: A through hole and a sealing nut are arranged outwardly of the cavity.

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