Amphibious engine

Abstract

The amphibious engine comprises an engine body, a piston assembly, a valve assembly, an oil-gas mixing component, a fuel oil supply assembly and an oxygen supply assembly, the engine body is provided with a combustion chamber, a piston opening and an oil-gas space, and the piston assembly does piston motion in the combustion chamber through the piston opening; the air valve assembly can open or block the communication position of the combustion chamber and the oil-gas space, the engine is provided with a feeding pipeline communicating with the oil-gas space, and the oil-gas mixing component comprises a mixing body, an oxygen inlet pipeline, an oil inlet pipeline and an oxygen inlet valve. The fuel oil supply assembly and the oxygen supply assembly provide oil and oxygen for the mixing main body through the oil inlet pipeline and the oxygen inlet pipeline correspondingly, and the mixing main body can mix the oxygen and the oil and send the mixed oxygen and the oil into the combustion chamber through the feeding pipeline. The oxygen inlet valve is installed on the oxygen inlet pipeline so as to prevent fluid from entering the mixing body.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of automobile engines, in particular to an amphibious engine. Background Art

[0002] Cars generally only travel on land, but there is an amphibious car that can travel on both land and water.

[0003] In the prior art, the engine of an amphibious vehicle is typically installed on a land vehicle after being waterproofed to prevent water from entering the engine's combustion chamber through the engine's oxygen inlet when the vehicle is traveling on water. However, when the vehicle is traveling on water, the engine's oxygen inlet may be covered by water, reducing the amount of oxygen entering the engine, or even preventing oxygen from entering the engine. As a result, the engine may stop running, rendering the vehicle inoperable. Utility Model Content

[0004] In order to achieve at least one of the above advantages of the present invention, the present invention provides an amphibious engine, the amphibious engine comprising:

[0005] An engine body, the engine body comprising a combustion chamber, a piston port, and an oil-gas space, wherein the piston port and the oil-gas space are both in communication with the combustion chamber, and the engine further comprising a feed pipe in communication with the oil-gas space;

[0006] a piston assembly, the piston assembly being mounted at the piston port and performing piston motion in the combustion chamber through the piston port;

[0007] a valve assembly installed at the connection between the combustion chamber and the oil-gas space, and capable of opening or blocking the connection between the combustion chamber and the oil-gas space during piston movement of the piston assembly, so that the fuel transported by the feed pipe enters the combustion chamber when the combustion chamber and the oil-gas space are connected;

[0008] An oil-gas mixing component, comprising a mixing body, an oxygen inlet pipe, an oil inlet pipe, and an oxygen inlet valve, wherein the oxygen inlet pipe connects the outside and the mixing body, the oxygen inlet valve is mounted on the oxygen inlet pipe, the oil inlet pipe connects to the mixing body to transport oil, the mixing body connects to the feed pipe, and the mixing body is capable of mixing oxygen and oil and transporting the oxygen and oil into the combustion chamber through the feed pipe;

[0009] a fuel supply assembly, the fuel supply assembly being connected to the oil inlet pipe;

[0010] An oxygen supply assembly is communicated with the oxygen inlet pipe, and the oxygen supply assembly is connected to the pipe between the oxygen inlet valve and the mixing body.

[0011] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the oil-gas mixing component further includes an oil inlet valve, and the oil inlet valve is installed on the oil inlet pipeline.

[0012] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the oxygen supply assembly has an oxygen valve, and the oxygen valve is provided on a pipe connecting the oxygen supply assembly to the oxygen inlet pipe.

[0013] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the fuel supply assembly includes a fuel container, a fuel pump and a fuel spraying component, wherein the fuel container is used to store fuel, the fuel pump is connected to the fuel container and the fuel spraying component, the fuel pump can transport the fuel in the fuel container to the fuel spraying component, the fuel spraying component is connected to the oil inlet pipe, and the fuel spraying component can spray the fuel in a mist state.

[0014] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the valve assembly includes a valve stem, a valve head and an elastic member, wherein the valve head is adapted to and slidably installed at the connection between the oil and gas space and the combustion chamber, one end of the valve stem can slidably pass through the inner wall forming the oil and gas space and be connected to the valve head, the sliding direction of the valve stem and the valve head is the same, and when the valve head blocks the connection between the oil and gas space and the combustion chamber, the valve stem can only slide in the direction close to the valve head, the valve stem expands in the radial direction to form a mounting portion, the elastic member is sleeved on the valve stem, one end of the elastic member is connected to the mounting portion, and the other end of the elastic member is connected to the side wall forming the oil and gas space.

[0015] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the mounting portion is located in the oil-gas space, one end of the elastic member is connected to the mounting portion, and the other end of the elastic member is connected to the inner wall forming the oil-gas space, and when the valve stem is driven to move toward the combustion chamber, the elastic member is driven and stretched.

[0016] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the mounting portion is outside the oil and gas space, one end of the elastic member is pressed against the mounting portion, and the other end of the elastic member is pressed against the side wall forming the oil and gas space. When the valve stem is driven to move toward the combustion chamber, the elastic member is driven and compressed.

[0017] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the piston assembly includes a piston member, a connecting rod and a crankshaft, wherein the piston member is slidably mounted in the combustion chamber through the piston port, and the side wall of the piston member is tightly attached to form the inner wall of the combustion chamber, the piston port faces the crankshaft and the crankshaft can be driven to rotate by the starter or the piston member, the crankshaft has at least one curved portion, the curved portion deviates from the rotation axis of the crankshaft, the piston member has a piston groove with an opening facing the crankshaft, the piston groove is arranged to be annular, the two end portions of the connecting rod are annular, one end of the connecting rod is rotatably mounted on the curved portion, and the other end of the connecting rod is rotatably mounted in the piston groove.

[0018] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the piston component includes a piston and a piston pin, the piston pin is installed on the piston in a manner that both ends pass through the side walls of the piston, and the piston groove is formed by the piston and the piston pin, one end of the connecting rod is rotatably mounted on the bent portion, and the other end of the connecting rod is passed through by the piston pin and can rotate on the piston pin.

[0019] According to one embodiment of the present utility model, a delivery channel is formed inside the crankshaft, one end of the delivery channel is connected to an oil delivery and oil suction device, the delivery channel is used for bidirectional oil delivery, an annular channel is formed between the connecting rod and the bent portion extending along the rotation direction of the connecting rod, the delivery channel is connected to the annular channel, a connecting channel is formed inside the connecting rod, a closed space is formed inside the piston pin, one end of the connecting channel is connected to the annular channel, and the other end is connected to the closed space. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 The figure shows a schematic structural diagram of the amphibious engine of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 2 A schematic cross-sectional view of the amphibious engine of the present invention in one direction is shown.

[0022] Figure 3 for Figure 2 A partial enlarged view of point A in the middle.

[0023] Figure 4 A cross-sectional schematic diagram of the amphibious engine of the present invention in another direction is shown. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] The following description is intended to disclose the present invention and enable those skilled in the art to implement the present invention. The preferred embodiments described below are provided for illustrative purposes only, and those skilled in the art will readily appreciate other obvious variations. The basic principles of the present invention as defined in the following description may be applied to other embodiments, variations, improvements, equivalents, and other technical solutions that do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention.

[0025] Those skilled in the art should understand that, in the disclosure of the present invention, the terms "longitudinal", "transverse", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside" and the like indicating the orientation or position relationship are based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, which are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, the above terms cannot be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0026] It is to be understood that the term "one" should be understood as "at least one" or "one or more", that is, in one embodiment, the number of an element may be one, while in another embodiment, the number of the elements may be multiple, and the term "one" should not be understood as a limitation on the quantity.

[0027] refer to Figures 1 to 4 An amphibious engine according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail below. The amphibious engine includes an engine body 10, a piston assembly 20, an oil-gas mixing component 30, a fuel supply assembly 40, an oxygen supply assembly 50 and a valve assembly 60.

[0028] The engine body 10 has a combustion chamber 101, a piston port 102 connected to the combustion chamber 101, and an oil-gas space 103 connected to the combustion chamber 101, wherein the piston assembly 20 is installed at the piston port 102 and performs piston motion in the combustion chamber 101 through the piston port 102.

[0029] The valve assembly 60 is installed at the connection between the combustion chamber 101 and the oil-gas space 103, and can open or close the connection between the combustion chamber 101 and the oil-gas space 103 during the piston movement of the piston assembly 20. The engine body 10 also has a feed pipe 11, which is connected to the oil-gas space 103, so as to deliver fuel to the combustion chamber 101 when the oil-gas space 103 and the combustion chamber 101 are connected.

[0030] The oil-gas mixing component 30 includes a mixing body 31, an oxygen inlet pipe 32, an oil inlet pipe 33, and an oxygen inlet valve 34. The oxygen inlet pipe 32 connects the outside world to the mixing body 31. The oxygen inlet valve 34 is installed on the oxygen inlet pipe 32 to control the entry of external fluid into the mixing body 31. The oil inlet pipe 33 connects to the mixing body 31 to transport oil. The mixing body 31 connects to the feed pipe 11. The mixing body 31 can mix and decompose oxygen and oil, and then transport the mixed oxygen and oil into the combustion chamber 101 through the feed pipe 11.

[0031] As an example, the mixing body 31 is implemented to include an oil-gas separator.

[0032] The fuel supply assembly 40 is connected to the oil inlet pipe 32 to provide oil to the mixing body 31 .

[0033] Preferably, the oil-gas mixing component 30 further includes an oil inlet valve 35 , which is installed on the oil inlet pipe 33 to control the oil delivery from the fuel supply assembly 40 to the mixing body 31 .

[0034] The oxygen supply assembly 50 is communicated with the oxygen inlet pipe 32 and is connected to the pipe between the oxygen inlet valve 34 and the mixing body 31 , thereby providing oxygen to the mixing body 31 without being controlled by the oxygen inlet valve 34 .

[0035] Preferably, the oxygen supply assembly 50 includes an oxygen valve 51, which is disposed on the pipe connecting the oxygen supply assembly 50 to the oxygen inlet pipe 32. When the outside world is supplying oxygen to the mixing body 31, the oxygen valve 51 is closed, and the oxygen supply assembly 50 does not supply oxygen, thereby conserving oxygen in the oxygen supply assembly 50. When the oxygen inlet pipe 32 is blocked by the oxygen inlet valve 34 to prevent outside air from entering the oil-gas mixing component 30, the oxygen supply assembly 50 supplies oxygen to the mixing body 31.

[0036] As an example, the oxygen supply assembly 50 is implemented to include a liquid oxygen cylinder.

[0037] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the fuel supply assembly 50 supplies fuel to the mixing body 31 through the fuel inlet pipe 32. When external air supplies oxygen to the mixing body 31 through the oxygen inlet pipe 32, the mixing body 31 mixes the external oxygen with the fuel and delivers the oxygen to the combustion chamber 101 through the feed pipe 11. When the vehicle is traveling on water, the oxygen inlet valve 34 is closed to prevent external water from entering the oxygen inlet pipe 32. At this time, the oxygen valve 51 is opened, and the oxygen supply assembly 50 supplies oxygen to the mixing body 31 through the oxygen inlet pipe 32. The mixing body 31 mixes the oxygen provided by the oxygen supply assembly 50 with the fuel and delivers the oxygen to the fuel and gas space 103 through the feed pipe 11. When the piston assembly 20 moves and the internal pressure of the combustion chamber 101 decreases, the valve assembly 60 slides to connect the oil-gas space 103 and the combustion chamber 101, allowing the oil-gas mixture in the oil-gas space 103 to enter the combustion chamber 101. As the internal pressure of the combustion chamber 101 increases with the movement of the piston assembly 20, it is ignited, thereby providing mechanical energy for the piston movement of the piston assembly 20. This prevents water from entering the combustion chamber 101 and affecting the operation of the amphibious engine.

[0038] Preferably, the fuel supply assembly 40 includes a fuel container 41, a fuel pump 42, and a fuel spraying member 43. The fuel container 41 is used to store fuel. The fuel pump 41 is connected to the fuel container 41 and the fuel spraying member 43, and can deliver fuel from the fuel container 41 to the fuel spraying member 43. The fuel spraying member 43 is connected to the oil inlet pipe 33 and can spray the fuel in a mist state, allowing the mixing body 31 to easily mix the oil and oxygen.

[0039] As an example, the fuel injection member 43 is implemented to include a nozzle.

[0040] Preferably, the valve assembly 60 includes a valve stem 61, a valve head 62, and an elastic member 63, wherein the valve head 62 is adapted to be slidably mounted at the connection between the oil-gas space 103 and the combustion chamber 101. One end of the valve stem 61 slidably passes through the inner wall forming the oil-gas space 103 and is connected to the valve head 62. The valve stem 61 and the valve head 62 slide in the same direction, and when the valve head 62 blocks the connection between the oil-gas space 103 and the combustion chamber 101, the valve stem 61 can only slide in the direction of the valve head 62. The valve stem 61 expands radially to form a mounting portion 611. The elastic member 63 is sleeved on the valve stem 61, with one end of the elastic member 63 connected to the mounting portion 611 and the other end of the elastic member 63 connected to the side wall forming the oil-gas space 103.

[0041] As an example, the elastic member 63 is implemented to include a spring.

[0042] It can be understood that when the piston assembly 20 performs piston movement in the combustion chamber 101 and the pressure in the combustion chamber 101 decreases, the valve head 62 is affected by the pressure or driven by other parts of the engine to slide into the combustion chamber 101, thereby connecting the combustion chamber 101 and the oil-gas space 103 to allow the oil-gas mixture to enter the combustion chamber 101. At this time, the valve stem 61 is driven to compress or stretch the elastic member 63; before the oil-gas mixture in the combustion chamber 101 burns and provides kinetic energy to the piston assembly 20, the valve head 62 is driven by the reset elastic member 63 to reset, thereby blocking the connection between the combustion chamber 101 and the oil-gas space 103, and the valve stem 61 presses against the valve head 62 so that the valve head 62 cannot continue to slide into the oil-gas space 103, thereby avoiding ignition of the oil-gas mixture in the oil-gas space 103.

[0043] In one embodiment, the mounting portion 611 is located in the oil-gas space 103, one end of the elastic member 63 is connected to the mounting portion 611, and the other end of the elastic member 63 is connected to the inner wall forming the oil-gas space 103. When the valve stem 61 is driven to move toward the combustion chamber 101, the elastic member 63 is driven and stretched.

[0044] In another embodiment, the mounting portion 611 is outside the oil-gas space 103, one end of the elastic member 63 is pressed against the mounting portion 611, and the other end of the elastic member 63 is pressed against the side wall forming the oil-gas space 103. When the valve stem 61 is driven to move toward the combustion chamber 101, the elastic member 63 is driven and compressed.

[0045] Preferably, the piston assembly 20 includes a piston member 21, a connecting rod 22, and a crankshaft 23. The piston member 21 is slidably mounted in the combustion chamber 101 via the piston port 102. The sidewalls of the piston member 21 closely contact the inner wall of the combustion chamber 101, such that the piston port 102 is blocked when the piston member 21 slides in the combustion chamber 101. The piston port 102 faces the crankshaft 23, and the crankshaft 23 can be rotated by the starter or the piston member 21. The crankshaft 23 has at least one curved portion 231 that deviates from the rotation axis of the crankshaft 23. The piston member 21 has a piston groove 2101 that opens toward the crankshaft 23 and is annular in shape. The connecting rod 22 has two annular ends. One end of the connecting rod 22 is rotatably mounted in the curved portion 231, and the other end of the connecting rod 22 is rotatably mounted in the piston groove 2101.

[0046] Preferably, the piston member 21 includes a piston 211 and a piston pin 212. The piston pin 212 is mounted on the piston 211 with both ends extending through the sidewalls of the piston 211. The piston groove 2101 is formed by the piston 211 and the piston pin 212. One end of the connecting rod 22 is rotatably mounted on the curved portion 231, while the other end of the connecting rod 22 extends through the piston pin 212 and is rotatable thereon. This facilitates disassembly of the connecting rod 22 from the piston member 21.

[0047] It is understandable that, since the curved portion 231 of the crankshaft 23 deviates from the rotation axis, the connecting rod 22 drives the piston 211 to perform reciprocating motion in the combustion chamber 101 when the crankshaft 23 rotates. In this way, when the amphibious engine is started, the starter drives the crankshaft 23 to rotate, and the piston 211 is driven by the crankshaft 23 through the connecting rod 22 to slide in the combustion chamber 101. At this time, the piston 211 slides to reduce the pressure in the combustion chamber 101, and the valve head 62 slides together with the valve stem 61 toward the combustion chamber 101 to connect the oil-gas space 103 to the combustion chamber 101, thereby allowing the oil-gas mixture to enter the combustion chamber 101; then, the piston 211 is driven by the rotating crankshaft 23 through the connecting rod 22 to increase the pressure in the combustion chamber 101, thereby compressing the oil-gas mixture in the combustion chamber 101; the oil-gas mixture is compressed and self-ignites or is ignited by the spark plug, thereby generating high temperature and high pressure to push the piston 211 and drive the crankshaft 23 to rotate; finally, the crankshaft 23 continues to rotate due to inertia and the push of the piston 211, and the above operation is repeated.

[0048] Preferably, a delivery channel 2301 is formed within the crankshaft 23. One end of the delivery channel 2301 is connected to an oil delivery and suction device, such as a negative pressure pump, for bidirectional oil delivery. An annular channel 201 is formed between the connecting rod 22 and the curved portion 231, extending in the direction of rotation of the connecting rod 22. The delivery channel 2301 is connected to the annular channel 201. A connecting channel 2201 is formed within the connecting rod 22, and a sealed space 21201 is formed within the piston pin 212. One end of the connecting channel 2201 is connected to the annular channel 201, and the other end is connected to the sealed space 21201.

[0049] It will be appreciated that because the annular channel 201 extends along the rotational direction of the connecting rod 22, when the connecting channel 2201 inside the connecting rod 22 is connected to the annular channel 201 and the connecting rod 22 rotates, the opening of the connecting channel 2201 moves along the rotational direction of the connecting rod 22, thereby maintaining communication between the connecting channel 2201 and the annular channel 201. Oil within the delivery channel 2301 passes through the annular channel 201 and enters the connecting channel 2201, then enters the enclosed space 21201. When the piston 211 moves away from the connecting rod 22, the oil in the enclosed space 21201 increases in pressure, accelerating the piston's movement. When the piston 211 moves toward the connecting rod 22, the oil in the enclosed space 21201 decreases in pressure, further accelerating the piston's movement. This provides the amphibious engine with increased power.

[0050] Preferably, the delivery channel 2301 is arranged to be connected to the annular channel 201 through multiple channel openings, that is, the port of the delivery channel 2301 connecting to the annular channel 201 is forked into multiple ports and connected to the annular channel 201 one by one, so that the oil can flow more easily in the delivery channel 2301 and the annular channel 201.

[0051] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the embodiments of the present invention described above and shown in the accompanying drawings are provided for illustrative purposes only and do not limit the present invention. The advantages of the present invention have been fully and effectively realized. The functional and structural principles of the present invention have been demonstrated and illustrated in the embodiments. Any variations or modifications may be made to the embodiments of the present invention without departing from the principles described.

Claims

1. Amphibious engine, characterized in that, The amphibious engine comprises: An engine body, the engine body comprising a combustion chamber, a piston port, and an oil-gas space, wherein the piston port and the oil-gas space are both in communication with the combustion chamber, and the engine further comprising a feed pipe in communication with the oil-gas space; a piston assembly, the piston assembly being mounted at the piston port and performing piston motion in the combustion chamber through the piston port; a valve assembly installed at the connection between the combustion chamber and the oil-gas space, and capable of opening or blocking the connection between the combustion chamber and the oil-gas space during piston movement of the piston assembly, so that the fuel transported by the feed pipe enters the combustion chamber when the combustion chamber and the oil-gas space are connected; An oil-gas mixing component, comprising a mixing body, an oxygen inlet pipe, an oil inlet pipe, and an oxygen inlet valve, wherein the oxygen inlet pipe connects the outside and the mixing body, the oxygen inlet valve is mounted on the oxygen inlet pipe, the oil inlet pipe connects to the mixing body to transport oil, the mixing body connects to the feed pipe, and the mixing body is capable of mixing oxygen and oil and transporting the oxygen and oil into the combustion chamber through the feed pipe; a fuel supply assembly, the fuel supply assembly being connected to the oil inlet pipe; An oxygen supply assembly is communicated with the oxygen inlet pipe, and the oxygen supply assembly is connected to the pipe between the oxygen inlet valve and the mixing body.

2. The amphibious engine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The oil-gas mixing component further includes an oil inlet valve, which is installed on the oil inlet pipeline.

3. The amphibious engine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The oxygen supply assembly has an oxygen valve, which is arranged on a pipe connecting the oxygen supply assembly to the oxygen inlet pipe.

4. The amphibious engine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fuel supply assembly includes a fuel container, a fuel pump, and a fuel spraying component, wherein the fuel container is used to store fuel, the fuel pump is connected to the fuel container and the fuel spraying component, the fuel pump can transport the fuel in the fuel container to the fuel spraying component, the fuel spraying component is connected to the oil inlet pipe, and the fuel spraying component can spray the fuel in a mist state.

5. The amphibious engine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The valve assembly includes a valve stem, a valve head and an elastic member, wherein the valve head is adapted to and slidably installed at the connection between the oil and gas space and the combustion chamber, one end of the valve stem can slidably pass through the inner wall forming the oil and gas space and be connected to the valve head, the valve stem and the valve head have the same sliding direction, and when the valve head blocks the connection between the oil and gas space and the combustion chamber, the valve stem can only slide in the direction close to the valve head, the valve stem expands in the radial direction to form a mounting portion, the elastic member is sleeved on the valve stem, one end of the elastic member is connected to the mounting portion, and the other end of the elastic member is connected to the side wall forming the oil and gas space.

6. The amphibious engine according to claim 5, characterized in that: The mounting portion is located in the oil-gas space, one end of the elastic member is connected to the mounting portion, and the other end of the elastic member is connected to an inner wall forming the oil-gas space. When the valve stem is driven to move toward the combustion chamber, the elastic member is driven and stretched.

7. The amphibious engine according to claim 5, characterized in that: The mounting portion is outside the oil-gas space, one end of the elastic member presses against the mounting portion, and the other end of the elastic member presses against the side wall forming the oil-gas space. When the valve stem is driven to move toward the combustion chamber, the elastic member is driven and compressed.

8. The amphibious engine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The piston assembly includes a piston member, a connecting rod and a crankshaft, wherein the piston member is slidably mounted in the combustion chamber through the piston port, and the side wall of the piston member is tightly attached to the inner wall of the combustion chamber, the piston port faces the crankshaft and the crankshaft can be driven to rotate by the starter or the piston member, the crankshaft has at least one curved portion, the curved portion deviates from the rotation axis of the crankshaft, the piston member has a piston groove with an opening facing the crankshaft, the piston groove is arranged to be annular, the two end portions of the connecting rod are annular, one end of the connecting rod is rotatably mounted on the curved portion, and the other end of the connecting rod is rotatably mounted in the piston groove.

9. The amphibious engine according to claim 8, characterized in that: The piston component includes a piston and a piston pin. The piston pin is installed on the piston with its two ends passing through the side walls of the piston, and the piston groove is formed by the piston and the piston pin. One end of the connecting rod is rotatably mounted on the bent portion, and the other end of the connecting rod is passed through by the piston pin and can rotate on the piston pin.

10. The amphibious engine according to claim 9, characterized in that: A delivery channel is formed inside the crankshaft, one end of which is connected to an oil delivery and oil suction device. The delivery channel is used for bidirectional oil delivery. An annular channel is formed between the connecting rod and the bent portion along the rotation direction of the connecting rod. The delivery channel is connected to the annular channel. A connecting channel is formed inside the connecting rod. A closed space is formed inside the piston pin. One end of the connecting channel is connected to the annular channel, and the other end is connected to the closed space.

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