Battery monomer, battery device and electric equipment

Abstract

The embodiment of the utility model discloses a battery monomer, a battery device and electric equipment, and the battery monomer comprises a shell which is provided with a containing cavity and comprises a first wall and at least one second wall, and the first wall is connected with the second wall; the electrode assembly is accommodated in the accommodating cavity; the pressure relief mechanism is arranged on the first wall, and the pressure relief mechanism is used for discharging emissions of the battery monomers; wherein the surface, close to the containing cavity, of the second wall is provided with a first coating, the surface of the first coating is provided with a first groove, the first groove is used for containing emissions, the distance between the first end of the first groove and the first wall is smaller than the distance between the second end of the first groove and the first wall, and the first end is close to the pressure relief mechanism so that the emissions can be guided to be discharged to the pressure relief mechanism. According to the battery monomer, the battery device and the electric equipment provided by the embodiment of the invention, the discharge efficiency of emissions in the battery monomer can be improved, the shell of the battery monomer is effectively protected, and the safety performance of the battery device is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of battery devices, and more specifically, to a battery cell, a battery device, and an electrical device. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of battery device technology, battery devices are increasingly used in various fields. From mobile devices to electric vehicles, battery devices have become an indispensable part.

[0003] However, the safety issues of battery devices are becoming increasingly prominent. Under conditions of abuse of battery devices, such as overcharging, over-discharging, short circuit or mechanical damage, thermal runaway is very likely to occur inside the battery cells, causing the internal air pressure to rise suddenly. At this time, the pressure relief mechanism needs to be activated to release the internal air pressure to the outside. However, if the emissions generated by thermal runaway are blocked inside the battery cell casing and cannot or have difficulty reaching the pressure relief mechanism, it is easy to cause thermal damage to the casing, or even ablation or burn-through of the casing, affecting adjacent battery cells, thereby seriously affecting the safety performance of the battery device.

[0004] Therefore, how to improve the emission efficiency of emissions and protect the outer shell when thermal runaway occurs inside the battery cell has become an urgent problem to be solved. Utility Model Content

[0005] The embodiments of the present application provide a battery cell, a battery device, and an electrical device, which can improve the discharge efficiency of internal emissions of the battery cell, effectively protect the outer shell of the battery cell, and improve the safety performance of the battery device.

[0006] In a first aspect, a battery cell is provided, comprising: a shell having a accommodating cavity, the shell comprising a first wall and at least one second wall, the first wall and the second wall being connected; an electrode assembly, the electrode assembly being accommodated in the accommodating cavity; a pressure relief mechanism, the pressure relief mechanism being arranged on the first wall, the pressure relief mechanism being used to discharge emissions from the battery cell; wherein a surface of the second wall close to the accommodating cavity is provided with a first coating, a surface of the first coating is provided with a first groove, the first groove is used to accommodate the emissions, a distance from a first end of the first groove to the first wall is smaller than a distance from a second end of the first groove to the first wall, and the first end is close to the pressure relief mechanism so as to guide the emissions to be discharged toward the pressure relief mechanism.

[0007] The battery cell provided in the embodiment of the present application has a first coating provided on the surface of the shell near the accommodating cavity to prevent the electrode assembly from burning through the shell after thermal runaway. The first groove provided on the first coating can guide the emissions generated after thermal runaway occurs in the electrode assembly, guiding the emissions to be discharged from the path provided by the first groove to the pressure relief mechanism, and then discharged out of the shell from the pressure relief mechanism, thereby improving the discharge efficiency of the emissions in the shell, avoiding the rupture of the shell caused by the inability to discharge the emissions in time, and playing a good protective role on the shell, effectively delaying or blocking heat diffusion, thereby protecting other adjacent or close battery cells, and further improving the safety performance of the battery device.

[0008] In some embodiments, the first end is located at a junction of the first wall and the second wall.

[0009] The battery cell provided in the embodiment of the present application can better guide the discharge of emissions by having the first end close to the pressure relief mechanism.

[0010] In some embodiments, there are a plurality of first grooves, and the plurality of first grooves spread radially outward from the first end to the second end.

[0011] The embodiment of the present application arranges the first groove in a radial shape, and the second end of the first groove is dispersed on the surface of the shell, which can promptly respond to and guide the emissions when the battery cell undergoes thermal runaway. The first end of the first groove is close to the pressure relief mechanism, and can guide the emissions to the pressure relief mechanism, which is then discharged to the outside of the battery cell, so that the emissions flow through a fixed channel to achieve the purpose of directional pressure relief.

[0012] In some embodiments, a depth of the first groove gradually increases from the second end to the first end.

[0013] The embodiment of the present application provides a larger depth of the first groove near the pressure relief mechanism, thereby providing a larger space near the pressure relief mechanism and preventing the discharge from clogging near the pressure relief mechanism, thereby causing the shell to swell or even rupture.

[0014] In some embodiments, the depth of the first groove ranges from [0.01 mm, 0.2 mm].

[0015] In some embodiments, a width of the first groove gradually increases from the second end to the first end.

[0016] In the embodiment of the present application, a larger width of the first groove near the pressure relief mechanism is provided, thereby providing a larger space near the pressure relief mechanism, thereby preventing the discharge from clogging near the pressure relief mechanism, thereby causing the shell to swell or even rupture.

[0017] In some embodiments, the width of the first groove is in the range of [1 mm, 10 mm].

[0018] In some embodiments, the cross-sectional shape of the first coating on the first surface is trapezoidal or stepped, and the first surface is perpendicular to the first wall and the surface where the first coating is located.

[0019] In some embodiments, the maximum thickness of the first coating is located on the second wall close to the first wall.

[0020] The embodiment of the present application sets a larger thickness of the first coating layer close to the pressure relief mechanism, which can cope with the situation where a large amount of high-temperature emissions are ejected from the pressure relief mechanism and effectively protect the shell.

[0021] In some embodiments, the thickness of the first coating layer is in the range of [0.01 mm, 0.2 mm].

[0022] In some embodiments, the material of the first coating layer is ceramic particles, polyimide, or an alloy.

[0023] In some embodiments, the second wall is a surface perpendicular to the thickness direction of the battery cell.

[0024] In some embodiments, the first wall is provided with a second coating, the second coating is provided with a second groove, one end of the second groove is close to the pressure relief mechanism, and the other end of the second groove is connected to the first groove.

[0025] In the embodiment of the present application, the second coating and the second groove are provided on the first wall, and the second groove is connected to the first groove, so that the discharge of the battery cell can be better guided to be discharged to the pressure relief mechanism.

[0026] In some embodiments, the housing further includes a third wall disposed opposite to the first wall, a third coating being provided on the surface of the third wall, a third groove being provided on the third coating, and at least one end of the third groove being connected to the first groove.

[0027] In the embodiment of the present application, the third coating and the third groove are provided on the third wall, and the third groove is connected to the first groove, so that the discharge of the battery cell can be better guided to be discharged to the pressure relief mechanism.

[0028] In a second aspect, a battery device is provided, comprising: a plurality of battery cells, wherein the battery cells are the battery cells as described in the first aspect and any one of the embodiments of the first aspect.

[0029] In a third aspect, an electrical device is provided, comprising: a battery device, wherein the battery device comprises a battery cell as described in the first aspect and any one embodiment of the first aspect, and the battery device is used to power the electrical device. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] Figure 1 A schematic structural diagram of a vehicle according to an embodiment of the present application is shown;

[0031] Figure 2 A schematic structural diagram of a battery device according to an embodiment of the present application is shown;

[0032] Figure 3 A schematic structural diagram of a battery cell according to an embodiment of the present application is shown;

[0033] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the exploded structure of a battery cell according to an embodiment of the present application is shown;

[0034] Figure 5 A perspective structural diagram of a battery cell according to an embodiment of the present application is shown;

[0035] Figure 6 A schematic cross-sectional view of a housing according to an embodiment of the present application is shown;

[0036] Figure 7 A schematic cross-sectional view of a first coating on a second wall according to an embodiment of the present application is shown;

[0037] Figure 8 A schematic cross-sectional view of the second wall at the first coating layer of an embodiment of the present application is shown;

[0038] Figure 9 A schematic cross-sectional view of the second wall at the first coating layer of an embodiment of the present application is shown;

[0039] Figure 10 A schematic cross-sectional view of the second wall at the first groove of an embodiment of the present application is shown;

[0040] Figure 11 A schematic cross-sectional view of a housing according to an embodiment of the present application is shown;

[0041] Figure 12 A schematic cross-sectional view of a housing according to an embodiment of the present application is shown;

[0042] Figure 13 A perspective structural diagram of a battery cell according to an embodiment of the present application is shown;

[0043] Figure 14 A perspective structural diagram of a battery cell according to an embodiment of the present application is shown;

[0044] Figure 15 A perspective structural diagram of a battery cell according to an embodiment of the present application is shown.

[0045] In the drawings, the drawings are not drawn to scale.

[0046] Reference numerals:

[0047] 1-vehicle; 10-battery device; 20-battery cell; 30-controller; 40-motor; 11-housing; 111-first housing portion; 112-second housing portion; 1000-housing; 100-shell; 200-cover; 300-accommodation chamber; 50-pressure relief mechanism; 60-electrode assembly; 70-electrode terminal; 71-positive electrode terminal; 72-negative electrode terminal; 101-first wall; 102-second wall; 103-third wall; 110-first coating; 120-first groove; 130-second coating; 140-second groove; 150-third coating; 160-third groove. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0048] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0049] To make the purpose, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this application more clear, the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application will be clearly described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of this application. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of this application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0050] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used in this application have the same meanings as commonly understood by those skilled in the art to which this application belongs. The terms used in the specification of this application are for the purpose of describing specific embodiments only and are not intended to limit this application. The terms "including" and "having" and any variations thereof in the specification and claims of this application and the above-mentioned drawings are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions. The terms "first" and "second" in the specification and claims of this application or the above-mentioned drawings are used to distinguish different objects, rather than to describe a specific order or a primary-secondary relationship.

[0051] References to "embodiments" in this application mean that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment may be included in at least one embodiment of the application. The appearance of this phrase in various places in the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor does it constitute an independent or alternative embodiment that is mutually exclusive of other embodiments. It is understood, both explicitly and implicitly, by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described in this application may be combined with other embodiments.

[0052] In the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," "connected," and "attached" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they may refer to fixed connections, detachable connections, or integral connections; they may refer to direct connections, indirect connections through an intermediate medium, or internal connections between two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in this application based on specific circumstances.

[0053] The term "and / or" in this application simply describes an association between related objects, indicating that three possible relationships exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A exists alone, A and B exist simultaneously, and B exists alone. In addition, the character " / " in this application generally indicates that the related objects are in an "or" relationship.

[0054] In the embodiments of this application, the same reference numerals represent the same components, and for the sake of brevity, detailed descriptions of the same components in different embodiments are omitted. It should be understood that the thickness, length, width, and other dimensions of the various components in the embodiments of this application, as well as the overall thickness, length, width, and other dimensions of the integrated device shown in the drawings are merely illustrative and should not constitute any limitation on this application.

[0055] The term "multiple" in this application refers to more than two (including two). Similarly, "multiple groups" refers to more than two groups (including two groups), and "multiple pieces" refers to more than two pieces (including two pieces).

[0056] In the embodiment of the present application, the battery cell may be a secondary battery device, which refers to a battery cell that can be continuously used by activating active materials by charging after the battery cell is discharged.

[0057] The battery cells can be lithium-ion batteries, sodium-ion batteries, sodium-lithium-ion batteries, lithium metal batteries, sodium metal batteries, lithium-sulfur batteries, magnesium-ion batteries, nickel-hydrogen batteries, nickel-cadmium batteries, lead-acid batteries, etc., which are not limited in the embodiments of the present application.

[0058] In some implementations, the battery cell in the embodiment of the present application may be a metal battery. Specifically, the metal battery may include a lithium metal secondary battery, a sodium metal battery, or a magnesium metal battery, etc., which is not limited in the embodiment of the present application.

[0059] A battery cell typically includes an electrode assembly. This assembly includes a positive electrode, a negative electrode, and a separator. During the charge and discharge process of a battery cell, active ions (such as lithium ions) are inserted and removed between the positive and negative electrodes. The separator, placed between the positive and negative electrodes, prevents short circuits between the positive and negative electrodes while allowing the active ions to pass through.

[0060] In some embodiments, the positive electrode may be a positive electrode sheet, which may include a positive electrode current collector and a positive electrode active material disposed on at least one surface of the positive electrode current collector.

[0061] As an example, the positive electrode current collector has two surfaces facing each other in its thickness direction, and the positive electrode active material is provided on either or both of the two facing surfaces of the positive electrode current collector.

[0062] As an example, the positive electrode current collector can be a metal foil, a foamed metal or a composite current collector. For example, as the metal foil, aluminum or stainless steel with a silver surface treatment, stainless steel, copper, aluminum, nickel, carbon electrode, carbon, nickel or titanium can be used. The foamed metal can be nickel foam, copper foam, aluminum foam, alloy foam, or carbon foam. The composite current collector may include a polymer material base and a metal layer. The composite current collector can be formed by forming a metal material (aluminum, aluminum alloy, nickel, nickel alloy, titanium, titanium alloy, silver and silver alloy, etc.) on a polymer material substrate (such as a substrate of polypropylene, polyethylene terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate, polystyrene, polyethylene, etc.).

[0063] As an example, the positive electrode active material may include at least one of the following materials: lithium-containing phosphates, lithium transition metal oxides, and their respective modified compounds. However, the present application is not limited to these materials, and other traditional materials that can be used as positive electrode active materials for battery devices may also be used. These positive electrode active materials may be used alone or in combination of two or more. Examples of lithium-containing phosphates may include, but are not limited to, at least one of lithium iron phosphate (such as LiFePO4 (also referred to as LFP)), a composite material of lithium iron phosphate and carbon, lithium manganese phosphate (such as LiMnPO4), a composite material of lithium manganese phosphate and carbon, lithium iron manganese phosphate, and a composite material of lithium iron manganese phosphate and carbon.

[0064] In some embodiments, the negative electrode may be a negative electrode sheet, which may include a negative electrode current collector and a negative electrode active material disposed on at least one surface of the negative electrode current collector.

[0065] As an example, the negative electrode current collector has two surfaces facing each other in its thickness direction, and the negative electrode active material is provided on either or both of the two facing surfaces of the negative electrode current collector.

[0066] As an example, the negative electrode current collector may be a metal foil, a metal foam, or a composite current collector. For example, as the metal foil, aluminum or stainless steel treated with silver, stainless steel, copper, aluminum, nickel, carbon electrodes, carbon, nickel, or titanium, etc. may be used. The composite current collector may include a polymer material base layer and a metal layer. The metal foam may be nickel foam, copper foam, aluminum foam, alloy foam, or carbon foam, etc. The composite current collector may be formed by forming a metal material (copper, copper alloy, nickel, nickel alloy, titanium, titanium alloy, silver, and silver alloy, etc.) on a polymer material substrate (such as a substrate of polypropylene, polyethylene terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate, polystyrene, polyethylene, etc.).

[0067] In some embodiments, the electrode assembly further includes a separator disposed between the positive electrode and the negative electrode.

[0068] In some embodiments, the separator is a separator. The present application has no particular limitation on the type of separator, and any known separator with a porous structure having good chemical stability and mechanical stability can be selected.

[0069] As an example, the main material of the isolation membrane can be selected from at least one of glass fiber, non-woven fabric, polyethylene, polypropylene, polyvinylidene fluoride, and ceramics.

[0070] In some embodiments, the separator is a solid electrolyte, which is disposed between the positive electrode and the negative electrode and serves to transport ions and isolate the positive and negative electrodes.

[0071] In some embodiments, the battery cell also includes an electrolyte, which acts as a conductor of ions between the positive and negative electrodes. This application does not specifically limit the type of electrolyte, and the electrolyte can be selected based on needs. The electrolyte can be liquid, gel, or solid.

[0072] In some embodiments, the electrode assembly is provided with tabs that can conduct current from the electrode assembly. The tabs include a positive tab and a negative tab.

[0073] The battery device mentioned in the embodiments of the present application may include one or more battery cells to provide a single physical module with higher voltage and capacity. When there are multiple battery cells, the multiple battery cells are connected in series, parallel or hybrid through a busbar component. Hybrid refers to a mixture of series and parallel connections.

[0074] In some embodiments, the battery device may be a battery pack, which includes a housing and battery cells, with the battery cells or battery modules housed within the housing. For example, multiple battery cells may be connected in series, parallel, or in series combination to form a battery module, and then multiple battery modules may be connected in series, parallel, or in series combination to form a battery device. In other words, multiple battery cells may be directly assembled into a battery device, or they may be assembled into battery modules first, and then the battery modules may be assembled into a battery device.

[0075] In some embodiments, the box body can be used as a part of the chassis structure of the vehicle. For example, part of the box body can become at least a part of the floor of the vehicle, or part of the box body can become at least a part of the cross beam and longitudinal beam of the vehicle.

[0076] In some embodiments, the battery device may be located in an energy storage device, such as an energy storage container or an energy storage cabinet.

[0077] Under abuse conditions, battery cells can experience thermal runaway, which can lead to the cell casing being burned. Because battery cells are closely packed within a battery device, if the casing of a cell experiencing thermal runaway burns through, adjacent cells can also be burned, causing thermal runaway and heat diffusion. Heat propagates within the battery device or between battery packs, triggering a chain reaction that can seriously impact the device's safety.

[0078] Therefore, the embodiments of the present application provide a battery cell, a battery device, and an electrical device, which can improve the emission efficiency of thermal runaway emissions inside the battery cell, protect the outer shell from being burned through or ablated, and improve the safety performance of the battery device.

[0079] The technical solutions described in the embodiments of this application are applicable to various electrical devices that use battery cells and battery devices.

[0080] Electrical equipment can be vehicles, mobile phones, portable devices, laptops, ships, spacecraft, electric toys, and electric tools, etc. Vehicles can be fuel vehicles, gas vehicles, or new energy vehicles. New energy vehicles can be pure electric vehicles, hybrid vehicles, or extended-range vehicles, etc. Spacecraft include airplanes, rockets, space shuttles, and spacecraft, etc. Electric toys include fixed or mobile electric toys, such as game consoles, electric car toys, electric ship toys, and electric airplane toys, etc. Electric tools include metal cutting electric tools, grinding electric tools, assembly electric tools, and railway electric tools, such as electric drills, electric grinders, electric wrenches, electric screwdrivers, electric hammers, impact drills, concrete vibrators, and electric planers, etc. The embodiments of the present application do not impose any special restrictions on the above-mentioned electrical equipment.

[0081] For the convenience of description, the following embodiments are described by taking the electric device as a vehicle as an example.

[0082] Figure 1 A schematic structural diagram of a vehicle 1 according to an embodiment of the present application is shown; Figure 2 A schematic structural diagram of a battery device 10 according to an embodiment of the present application is shown; Figure 3 A schematic structural diagram of a battery cell 20 according to an embodiment of the present application is shown; Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the exploded structure of a battery cell 20 according to an embodiment of the present application is shown; Figure 5 A perspective structural diagram of a battery cell 20 according to an embodiment of the present application is shown; Figure 6 A schematic cross-sectional view of a housing 1000 according to an embodiment of the present application is shown; Figure 7 FIG2 shows a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a first coating layer 110 on a second wall 102 according to an embodiment of the present application; Figure 8 A schematic cross-sectional view of the second wall 102 at the first coating layer 110 according to one embodiment of the present application is shown;

[0083] Figure 9 A schematic cross-sectional view of the second wall 102 at the first coating layer 110 according to an embodiment of the present application is shown; Figure 10 A schematic cross-sectional view of the second wall 102 at the first groove 120 according to an embodiment of the present application is shown; Figure 11 FIG2 shows a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a housing 1000 in one embodiment of the present application; Figure 12 FIG2 shows a schematic cross-sectional view of a housing 100 in one embodiment of the present application; Figure 13 A perspective structural diagram of a battery cell 20 in one embodiment of the present application is shown; Figure 14 A perspective structural diagram of a battery cell 20 according to an embodiment of the present application is shown; Figure 15 A perspective structural diagram of a battery cell 20 according to an embodiment of the present application is shown.

[0084] For example, Figure 1 As shown, the vehicle 1 can be a fuel vehicle, a gas vehicle or a new energy vehicle, and the new energy vehicle can be a pure electric vehicle, a hybrid vehicle or an extended-range vehicle, etc. A motor 40, a controller 30 and a battery device 10 can be provided inside the vehicle 1, and the controller 30 is used to control the battery device 10 to power the motor 40. For example, a battery device 10 can be provided at the bottom, front or rear of the vehicle 1. The battery device 10 can be used to power the vehicle 1, for example, the battery device 10 can be used as an operating power source for the vehicle 1, for the circuit system of the vehicle 1, for example, for the working power requirements of the vehicle 1 during startup, navigation and operation. In another embodiment of the present application, the battery device 10 can not only serve as an operating power source for the vehicle 1, but also as a driving power source for the vehicle 1, replacing or partially replacing fuel or natural gas to provide driving power for the vehicle 1.

[0085] like Figure 2 As shown, the battery device 10 of the embodiment of the present application may include a plurality of battery cells 20 to meet different power requirements. The shape of the battery cell 20 of the embodiment of the present application can be set according to the actual application. For example, the battery cell 20 can be as follows Figure 2 The rectangular parallelepiped shown, or it can be different from Figure 2 The cylindrical or other shapes shown are not limited to these embodiments of the present application.

[0086] It should be understood that Figure 2 As shown, the battery device 10 of the embodiment of the present application may further include a box body 11, which may be used to accommodate a plurality of battery cells 20. The interior of the box body 11 of the embodiment of the present application is a hollow structure, and a plurality of battery cells 20 are accommodated in the box body 11. The box body 11 may include two parts, which are respectively referred to as a first box body part 111 and a second box body part 112, and the first box body part 111 and the second box body part 112 are buckled together. The shapes of the first box body part 111 and the second box body part 112 may be determined according to the shapes of the components accommodated therein. For example, they may be determined according to the shape of the combination of the plurality of battery cells 20 accommodated therein, and at least one of the first box body part 111 and the second box body part 112 may have an opening. For example, as Figure 2 As shown, the first box portion 111 and the second box portion 112 can both be hollow rectangular parallelepipeds, each with one open face. The opening of the first box portion 111 and the opening of the second box portion 112 are arranged opposite each other, and the first box portion 111 and the second box portion 112 are interlocked to form a box 11 having a closed chamber, which can be used to accommodate multiple battery cells 20. The multiple battery cells 20 are connected in parallel, series, or mixed and then placed in the box 11 formed by the interlocking of the first box portion 111 and the second box portion 112.

[0087] For example, unlike Figure 2 As shown, only one of the first and second housing portions 111, 112 may be a hollow rectangular parallelepiped with an opening, while the other may be a plate-shaped structure to cover the opening. For example, if the second housing portion 112 is a hollow rectangular parallelepiped structure with an opening and the first housing portion 111 is a plate-shaped structure, the first housing portion 111 covers the opening of the second housing portion 112 to form the housing 11 with a closed chamber, which can be used to accommodate multiple battery cells 20.

[0088] In some embodiments, the battery device 10 may further include other components. For example, the battery device 10 may further include a busbar component (not shown in the figure), which may be used to achieve electrical connection between multiple battery cells 20, such as parallel connection, series connection, or mixed connection. Specifically, the busbar component may achieve electrical connection between the battery cells 20 by connecting the electrode terminals 70 of the battery cells 20; alternatively, the busbar component may also achieve electrical connection between the battery cells 20 by connecting other components of the battery cells 20. The busbar component may be fixed to the corresponding component of the battery cell 20 by welding, for example, it may be fixed to the electrode terminal 70 or the housing 1000 by welding, etc. The embodiments of the present application are not limited thereto.

[0089] Combine Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the battery cell 20 includes a housing 1000, which is used to encapsulate the electrode assembly 60 and other components such as the electrolyte. The housing 1000 has a receiving cavity 300, so that one or more electrode assemblies 60 can be placed in the receiving cavity 300. In the battery cell 20, depending on actual use requirements, the electrode assembly 60 can be provided as a single or multiple electrode assemblies. The electrode assembly 60 can have a wound structure or a laminated structure, but the embodiments of the present application are not limited to this.

[0090] The housing 1000 may include a shell 100 and a cover plate 200 . The shell 100 is a hollow structure with an opening. The cover plate 200 covers the opening and forms a sealed connection with the shell 100 . This embodiment of the present application is not limited thereto.

[0091] The shape of the housing 1000 may be determined according to the shape of one or more electrode assemblies 60 . For example, the housing 1000 may be a rectangular parallelepiped, a cube, or a cylinder.

[0092] like Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the battery cell 20 further includes two electrode terminals 70, which can be disposed on the cover plate 200. The electrode terminals 70 are located on the surface of the cover plate 200 and pass through the cover plate 200. The electrode terminals 70 include a positive electrode terminal 71 and a negative electrode terminal 72. Each electrode terminal 70 is provided with a corresponding connecting member, which can also be called a current collecting member or a copper-aluminum adapter plate, which is located between the cover plate 200 and the electrode assembly 60.

[0093] In the embodiments of this application, Figure 4As shown, the battery cell 20 also includes a pressure relief mechanism 50, which is activated to release the internal pressure of the housing 1000 when the internal pressure reaches a threshold. Under normal conditions, the pressure relief mechanism 50, as part of the battery cell 20, forms an airtight seal with the housing 1000. However, when excessive emissions from the battery cell 20 expand, causing the pressure inside the battery cell 20 to exceed a preset value, the pressure relief mechanism 50 can rupture, allowing the inside and outside of the battery cell 20 to communicate. The emissions are then released outward through the ruptured pressure relief area, thereby reducing the possibility of explosion.

[0094] Combine Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, the housing 1000 includes a first wall 101 and at least one second wall 102. For example, when the housing 1000 is a rectangular parallelepiped or a cube, the housing 1000 includes multiple second walls 102. When the housing 1000 is a cylinder, the housing 1000 includes one second wall 102. The pressure relief mechanism 50 is located on the first wall 101. For example, the first wall 101 is a surface of the cover plate 200. Figure 6 When the housing 1000 is square, the second wall 102 may be multiple, and a portion or all of the surface of the second wall 102 of the housing 1000 close to the accommodating cavity 300 is provided with a first coating 110. For example, the first coating 110 is provided on the surfaces of the multiple second walls 102 that are opposite to each other in the thickness direction of the battery cell 20. The thickness direction of the battery cell 20 may be Figure 5 The y-axis direction is shown.

[0095] The first coating 110 is provided with a first groove 120 recessed away from the accommodating cavity 300. The first groove 120 is used to accommodate emissions generated by the battery cells 20. The distance from the first end of the first groove 120 to the first wall is smaller than the distance from the second end of the first groove 120 to the first wall. The first end is closer to the pressure relief mechanism 50, so that the first groove 120 can guide the emissions from the second end to the first end toward the pressure relief mechanism 50.

[0096] The battery cell 20 provided in the embodiment of the present application is provided with a first coating 110 on the surface of the shell 1000 close to the accommodating cavity 300 to prevent the electrode assembly 60 from burning through the shell 1000 after thermal runaway. The first groove 120 provided on the first coating 110 can guide the emissions generated after thermal runaway occurs in the electrode assembly 60, guiding the emissions to be discharged from the path provided by the first groove 120 to the pressure relief mechanism 50, and then discharged from the shell 1000 from the pressure relief mechanism 50, thereby improving the discharge efficiency of the emissions in the shell 1000, avoiding the rupture of the shell 1000 caused by the inability to discharge the emissions in time, and playing a good protective role on the shell 1000, effectively delaying or blocking heat diffusion, thereby protecting other adjacent or close battery cells 20, and further improving the safety performance of the battery device 10.

[0097] In some embodiments, the housing 1000 may be a steel shell, an aluminum shell, a plastic shell (such as polypropylene), a composite metal shell (such as a copper-aluminum composite shell) or an aluminum-plastic film, etc., but the embodiments of the present application are not limited thereto.

[0098] In some embodiments, the first coating 110 is a temperature-resistant coating, and the material of the first coating 110 is ceramic particles, such as aluminum oxide Al2O3 and its modified materials. The material of the first coating 110 can also be polyimide PI, or an alloy, such as tungsten niobium tantalum zirconium cobalt titanium alloy coating, etc. The embodiments of the present application are not limited to this.

[0099] In some embodiments, the first end is located at the connection between the first wall 101 and the second wall 102 , which enables the first end to be close to the pressure relief mechanism to better guide the discharge.

[0100] Combine Figures 7 to 9 As shown, the first coating 110 has the same thickness on the same surface of the second wall 102, that is, it is evenly covered on the surface, and the cross-sectional shape of the first coating 110 on the first surface is square; alternatively, the maximum thickness of the first coating 110 is at a position of the second wall 102 close to the first wall 101. For example, the thickness of the first coating 110 can gradually increase from away from the first wall 101 to close to the first wall 101, and the cross-sectional shape of the first coating 110 on the first surface is trapezoidal or stepped, wherein the first surface is perpendicular to the first wall 101 and the surface where the first coating 110 is located, respectively. This embodiment of the present application does not specifically limit this.

[0101] In some embodiments, the thickness range of the housing 1000 is [0.2 mm, 1 mm]. For example, the thickness of the housing 1000 is 0.2 mm, 0.3 mm, 0.5 mm, 0.8 mm or 1 mm. However, the embodiments of the present application are not limited thereto.

[0102] In some embodiments, the thickness range of the first coating 110 is [0.01 mm, 0.2 mm]. For example, the thickness of the first coating 110 is 0.01 mm, 0.05 mm, 0.08 mm, 0.1 mm, 0.15 mm or 0.2 mm, but the embodiments of the present application are not limited thereto.

[0103] The embodiment of the present application sets a thicker first coating 110 near the pressure relief mechanism 50 , which can cope with the situation where a large amount of high-temperature emissions are ejected from the pressure relief mechanism 50 and effectively protect the housing 1000 .

[0104] Combine Figure 10 As shown, the maximum depth H of the first groove 120 along the y-axis is located on the second wall 102 near the first wall 101. For example, the depth H of the first groove 120 may gradually increase from the second end to the first end. That is, by providing a greater depth of the first groove 120 near the pressure relief mechanism 50, a larger space can be provided near the pressure relief mechanism 50, thereby preventing the discharge from clogging near the pressure relief mechanism 50, thereby preventing the housing 1000 from bulging or even rupturing.

[0105] In some embodiments, the depth H of the first groove 120 ranges from [0.01 mm, 0.2 mm]. For example, the depth of the first groove 120 is 0.01 mm, 0.05 mm, 0.08 mm, 0.1 mm, 0.15 mm or 0.2 mm, but the embodiments of the present application are not limited thereto.

[0106] In some embodiments, the depth H of the first groove 120 is less than the thickness of the first coating layer 110 , or the depth H of the first groove 120 is equal to the thickness of the first coating layer 110 .

[0107] In some embodiments, there may be multiple first grooves 120, and the multiple first grooves 120 are arranged in parallel, or as shown in FIG. Figure 11 As shown, the distance between the first ends of adjacent first grooves 120 is smaller than the distance between the second ends, so that the multiple first grooves 120 are arranged radially. By arranging the first grooves 120 in a radial pattern, the second ends of the first grooves 120 are dispersed on the surface of the housing 1000, which can promptly respond to and guide the emissions from the battery cells 20 when thermal runaway occurs. The first ends of the first grooves 120 are close to the pressure relief mechanism 50, which can guide the emissions to the pressure relief mechanism 50, and then discharge them to the outside of the battery cells 20, so that the emissions flow through a fixed channel, achieving the purpose of directional pressure relief.

[0108] In some embodiments, as Figure 11As shown, the maximum width L of the first groove 120 along the x-axis is located on the second wall 102 near the first wall 101. For example, the width L of the first groove 120 gradually decreases from the first end to the second end. That is, by providing a larger width of the first groove 120 near the pressure relief mechanism 50, a larger space can be provided near the pressure relief mechanism 50, thereby preventing the discharge from clogging near the pressure relief mechanism 50, thereby preventing the housing 1000 from bulging or even rupturing.

[0109] In some embodiments, the width L of the first groove 120 is in the range of [1 mm, 10 mm]. The width of the first groove 120 can be 1 mm, 5 mm, 8 mm or 10 mm, but the embodiments of the present application are not limited thereto.

[0110] In some embodiments, a first coating 110 may be provided on part or all of the surfaces of the second walls 102 close to the accommodating cavity 300 . For example, the first coating 110 may be provided on the surface of the second wall 102 along the thickness direction of the battery cell 20 .

[0111] In some embodiments, the thickness of the first coating 110 on different surfaces may be the same or different, which is not specifically limited in this embodiment of the present application.

[0112] In some embodiments, the width L or the depth H of each first groove 120 in the plurality of first grooves 120 may be the same or different, which is not specifically limited in the embodiment of the present application.

[0113] In some embodiments, combined Figure 12 As shown, the first wall 101 can be the wall surface of the shell 100. When the first coating 110 is provided on the surface of the second wall 102 that is opposite to the thickness direction of the battery cell 20, and the first groove 120 is provided on the first coating 110, the first end of the first groove 120 is close to the pressure relief mechanism 50, and the second end is away from the pressure relief mechanism 50. The first grooves 120 are radially distributed on the surface of the second wall 102.

[0114] In the embodiment of the present application, by disposing the pressure relief mechanism 50 on the side of the battery cell 20 , the space design of the battery cell 20 can be made more reasonable and easier to implement, and the exhaust can be discharged from the side of the battery cell 20 .

[0115] In some embodiments, combined Figure 13 As shown, a second coating 130 is provided on the first wall 101, and a second groove 140 is provided on the second coating 130, wherein one end of the second groove 140 is close to the pressure relief mechanism 50, and the other end of the second groove 140 is connected to the first groove 120, so that the discharge of the battery cell 20 can be diverted from the first groove 120 to the second groove 140 and discharged from the pressure relief mechanism 50.

[0116] In some embodiments, combined Figure 14 As shown, the housing 1000 further includes a third wall 103 disposed opposite the first wall 101. A third coating 150 is provided on the surface of the third wall 103, and a third groove 160 is provided on the third coating 150. At least one end of the third groove 160 communicates with the first groove 120. For example, the first groove 120 is located on two opposing surfaces of the second wall 102 along the thickness direction of the battery cell 20. The two ends of the third groove 160 on the third wall 103 can respectively communicate with the second ends of the first groove 120 located on different surfaces of the second wall 102, so that the exhaust can be better transferred from the third groove 160 to the first groove 120 and discharged from the pressure relief mechanism 50.

[0117] In some embodiments, the material and thickness of the first coating 110, the second coating 130 or the third coating 150 may be the same, and the width and depth of the first groove 120, the second groove 140 and the third groove 160 may be the same, but the embodiments of the present application are not limited thereto.

[0118] In some embodiments, combined Figure 15 As shown, when the housing 1000 is cylindrical, the first wall 101 where the pressure relief mechanism 50 is located is the surface of the cover plate 200, and the surface of the second wall 102 close to the accommodating cavity 300 is provided with a first coating 110, and a plurality of first grooves 120 are provided on the first coating 110. The plurality of first grooves 120 are arranged parallel to each other, and the depth or width of the first grooves 120 gradually decreases from the first end to the second end, but the embodiments of the present application are not limited to this.

[0119] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, rather than to limit them. Although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some or all of the technical features therein. These modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, and they should all be included in the scope of the claims and specification of the present application. In particular, as long as there is no structural conflict, the various technical features mentioned in the various embodiments can be combined in any way. The present application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed herein, but includes all technical solutions that fall within the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A battery cell, characterized in that: include: A housing (1000), the housing (1000) having a receiving cavity (300), the housing (1000) comprising a first wall (101) and at least one second wall (102), the first wall (101) and the second wall (102) being connected; an electrode assembly (60), the electrode assembly (60) being accommodated in the accommodating cavity (300); a pressure relief mechanism (50), the pressure relief mechanism (50) being arranged on the first wall (101), the pressure relief mechanism (50) being used to discharge emissions from the battery cell; The surface of the second wall (102) close to the accommodating cavity (300) is provided with a first coating (110), and the surface of the first coating (110) is provided with a first groove (120), and the first groove (120) is used to accommodate the discharge, and the distance from the first end of the first groove (120) to the first wall (101) is smaller than the distance from the second end of the first groove (120) to the first wall (101), and the first end is close to the pressure relief mechanism (50) so as to guide the discharge to the pressure relief mechanism (50).

2. The battery cell according to claim 1, wherein: The first end is located at the connection between the first wall (101) and the second wall (102).

3. The battery cell according to claim 1, wherein: There are a plurality of first grooves (120), and the plurality of first grooves (120) spread outward radially from the first end to the second end.

4. The battery cell according to claim 1, wherein: The depth of the first groove (120) gradually increases from the second end to the first end.

5. The battery cell according to claim 1, characterized in that The depth of the first groove (120) is in the range of [0.01 mm, 0.2 mm].

6. The battery cell according to claim 1, characterized in that The width of the first groove (120) gradually increases from the second end to the first end.

7. The battery cell according to claim 1, characterized in that The width of the first groove (120) is in the range of [1 mm, 10 mm].

8. The battery cell according to claim 1, wherein: The cross-sectional shape of the first coating (110) on the first surface is trapezoidal or stepped, and the first surface is perpendicular to the first wall (101) and the surface where the first coating (110) is located.

9. The battery cell according to claim 1, characterized in that The maximum thickness of the first coating layer (110) is located at a position of the second wall (102) close to the first wall (101).

10. The battery cell according to claim 1, characterized in that The thickness of the first coating (110) is in the range of [0.01 mm, 0.2 mm].

11. The battery cell according to claim 1, wherein The material of the first coating layer (110) is ceramic particles, polyimide or alloy.

12. The battery cell according to any one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that: The second wall (102) is a surface perpendicular to the thickness direction of the battery cell.

13. The battery cell according to any one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that: The first wall (101) is provided with a second coating (130), and a second groove (140) is provided on the second coating (130), one end of the second groove (140) is close to the pressure relief mechanism (50), and the other end of the second groove (140) is connected to the first groove (120).

14. The battery cell according to any one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that: The housing (1000) further comprises a third wall (103) arranged opposite to the first wall (101); a third coating (150) is provided on the surface of the third wall (103); a third groove (160) is provided on the third coating (150); and at least one end of the third groove (160) is connected to the first groove (120).

15. A battery device, characterized in that: include: A plurality of battery cells, wherein the battery cells are the battery cells according to any one of claims 1 to 14.

16. An electrical device, characterized in that: include: A battery device comprising the battery cell according to any one of claims 1 to 14, wherein the battery device is used to supply power to the electrical device.

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