Pulse type rapid cleaning device for ceramic membrane of anaerobic membrane bioreactor

Abstract

The utility model discloses a pulse type rapid cleaning device for a ceramic membrane of an anaerobic membrane bioreactor. The pulse type rapid cleaning device comprises a water inlet assembly, the anaerobic bioreactor, an anaerobic membrane separation assembly, a biogas separation and purification assembly, a sludge backflow assembly, a pulse backwashing assembly and a water outlet assembly. According to the utility model, a pulse-type rapid cleaning mode is adopted, when the front and rear pressures of the ceramic membrane exceed a certain numerical value to influence solid-liquid separation, online pulse-type backwashing is carried out, a corresponding pneumatic valve and a biogas compressor are opened during backwashing, biogas is injected into the pulse backwashing buffer, and when the water level of the pulse backwashing buffer reaches the water level required by backwashing, the pulse backwashing is stopped; and when the methane reaches a certain pressure, a pneumatic valve on a membrane backwashing water pipeline is opened, and the ceramic membrane is rapidly backwashed under the impulse formed by the gas pressure, so that the ceramic membrane can be rapidly washed by backwashing water, and the membrane flux is recovered.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of sewage treatment equipment, in particular to a device for pulse-type rapid cleaning of ceramic membranes of anaerobic membrane bioreactors. Background Art

[0002] High-concentration, refractory organic wastewater is widely recognized by water treatment experts both domestically and internationally as difficult to treat due to its high organic matter concentration, high chroma, and difficulty in degradation. Anaerobic biological treatment technology, with its advantages of low sludge production, high load, low investment, and methane recovery, is widely used in the treatment of high-concentration organic wastewater. However, traditional anaerobic biological treatment technology suffers from long startup cycles, easy loss of active microorganisms, and difficulty separating sludge age from hydraulic retention time, limiting its application in the treatment of high-concentration organic wastewater.

[0003] Anaerobic membrane bioreactors combine membrane modules with anaerobic bioreactors. Their most significant feature is the use of membrane filtration to achieve mud-water separation and sludge concentration, effectively overcoming the drawbacks of anaerobic biological treatment technology. Membrane bioreactors are categorized as external and integrated depending on the location of the membrane module. Compared to integrated membrane bioreactors, external membrane bioreactors offer relatively stable operation. Because the reactor and membrane module are separated into two treatment units, membrane module cleaning and replacement are easy to achieve without disrupting the stable operation of the anaerobic system.

[0004] Currently, traditional anaerobic membrane bioreactors primarily utilize polymeric organic membranes. However, these membranes and the seals on both ends suffer from poor mechanical strength, a short lifespan, and are prone to breakage, leading to secondary contamination. Ceramic membranes, a recently emerging separation material for water and wastewater treatment, offer advantages over organic membranes, including high mechanical strength, rigidity, uniform pore size, corrosion resistance, high temperature resistance, and chemically stable membrane materials. Combining ceramic membranes with anaerobic processes can effectively improve the performance of anaerobic treatment. However, in actual operation, membrane fouling remains a key factor limiting the widespread application of anaerobic ceramic membrane bioreactors.

[0005] There are many common methods for cleaning ceramic membranes, including physical cleaning, chemical cleaning, biological cleaning, and a combination of cleaning technologies. However, the actual cleaning process using these methods has problems such as slow cleaning speed, low efficiency, and high water consumption. Utility Model Content

[0006] In view of the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a device for rapid pulse cleaning of ceramic membranes in anaerobic membrane bioreactors, which solves the problems of slow cleaning speed, low efficiency and high water consumption in the existing ceramic membrane cleaning methods.

[0007] In order to achieve the above-mentioned utility model purpose, the technical solution adopted by the utility model is:

[0008] Provided is a device for pulse-type rapid cleaning of ceramic membranes of an anaerobic membrane bioreactor, which comprises an inlet assembly, an anaerobic bioreactor, an anaerobic membrane separation assembly, a biogas separation and purification assembly, a sludge return assembly, a pulse backwash assembly, and an outlet assembly;

[0009] A water inlet assembly, used for supplying water to the anaerobic bioreactor;

[0010] Anaerobic bioreactor, used for performing anaerobic biological reactions;

[0011] Anaerobic membrane separation component, used to separate muddy water from anaerobic bioreactor through ceramic membrane;

[0012] Biogas separation and purification components, used to collect, purify and store biogas generated in anaerobic bioreactors;

[0013] The sludge return component is used to return the sludge separated in the anaerobic membrane separation component to the anaerobic bioreactor;

[0014] A pulse backwash component is used to perform pulse backwashing on the ceramic membrane in the anaerobic membrane separation component using the biogas stored in the biogas separation and purification component and the clean water separated by the anaerobic membrane separation component;

[0015] The water outlet component is connected to the water outlet end of the anaerobic membrane separation component and is used to collect the clean water separated by the anaerobic membrane separation component.

[0016] The beneficial effects of the utility model are:

[0017] 1. The utility model adopts a pulse-type rapid cleaning method. When the pressure before and after the ceramic membrane exceeds a certain value and affects the solid-liquid separation, online pulse backwashing is performed. During backwashing, the corresponding pneumatic valves and biogas compressor are opened, and biogas is injected into the pulse backwash buffer. When the water level of the pulse backwash buffer reaches the water level required for backwashing and the biogas reaches a certain pressure, the pneumatic valve on the membrane backwash water pipeline is opened. Under the impulse formed by the gas pressure, the ceramic membrane is quickly backwashed, so that the ceramic membrane can be quickly cleaned by the backwash water and the membrane flux is restored.

[0018] 2. The utility model returns the sludge separated in the anaerobic membrane separation component to the anaerobic bioreactor through the sludge return component, which can increase the sludge concentration of the anaerobic bioreactor. Compared with the traditional anaerobic bioreactor external circulation, it has a better treatment effect, thereby improving the treatment efficiency of the anaerobic bioreactor and improving the effluent water quality.

[0019] 3. The utility model operates the anaerobic bioreactor and the anaerobic membrane separation component separately, which can effectively reduce the adsorption and deposition of sludge on the surface of the ceramic membrane in the anaerobic bioreactor, effectively alleviate the pollution of the ceramic membrane, and improve the treatment efficiency and effluent quality of the anaerobic bioreactor.

[0020] 4. The utility model uses the momentum transfer principle to quickly transfer the gas pressure provided by the biogas compressor to the filtered clean water in the pulse backwash buffer through pneumatic valve control to enter the anaerobic membrane separator for ceramic membrane backwashing. The backwashing time is less than or equal to 5 seconds. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 This is the structural block diagram of the device;

[0022] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the local structure when two anaerobic membrane separators are provided in this device.

[0023] 1. Raw water tank; 2. Inlet pump; 3. Inlet regulating valve; 4. Inlet flowmeter; 5. Inlet pipe; 6. Water distributor; 7. Anaerobic bioreactor; 8. Outlet pipe; 9. Mud and water pneumatic valve; 10. Mud and water flowmeter; 11. Inlet check valve; 12. Anaerobic membrane separator; 13. Ceramic membrane module; 14. Membrane outlet water collection pipe; 15. Vacuum gauge; 16. Membrane module water pump; 17. Membrane module water pneumatic valve; 18. Membrane module water flowmeter; 19. Pulse backwash buffer inlet pipe; 20. Pulse backwash buffer inlet pneumatic valve; 21. Pulse backwash buffer check valve; 22. Water inlet and outlet; 23. Pulse backwash buffer; 24. Separation water storage tank; 25. Separation water storage tank outlet pipe; 26. Outlet pump; 27. Outlet regulating valve Valve; 28. Water outlet flow meter; 29. Mud discharge pipe; 30. Mud discharge return pump; 31. Mud discharge regulating valve; 32. Mud discharge flow meter; 33. Gas connecting pipe; 34. Biogas pneumatic valve; 35. Gas-water separation tank; 36. Biogas purification reactor; 37. Biogas storage tank; 38. Biogas discharge pipe; 39. Biogas compressor; 40. Compressed air pipeline; 41. Pressure reducing valve; 42. Gas pressure gauge; 43. Liquid level gauge; 44. Backwash pipe; 45. Backwash pneumatic butterfly valve; 46. Biogas straight-through pipeline; 47. Biogas recovery check valve; 48. Biogas recovery pneumatic valve; 49. Biogas recovery pipe; 50. First backwash water inlet pneumatic valve; 51. First filtered water outlet pneumatic valve; 52. Second backwash water inlet pneumatic valve; 53. Second filtered water outlet pneumatic valve. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] The specific implementation methods of the present invention are described below to facilitate understanding of the present invention by those skilled in the art. However, it should be clear that the present invention is not limited to the scope of the specific implementation methods. For those skilled in the art, as long as various changes are within the spirit and scope of the present invention as defined and determined by the appended claims, these changes are obvious, and all utility model creations using the concept of the present invention are protected.

[0025] like Figure 1 As shown, the device for pulse-type rapid cleaning of ceramic membranes of anaerobic membrane bioreactors includes a water inlet component, an anaerobic bioreactor 7, an anaerobic membrane separation component, a biogas separation and purification component, a sludge return component, a pulse backwash component and a water outlet component;

[0026] A water inlet assembly, used to supply water to the anaerobic bioreactor 7;

[0027] an anaerobic bioreactor 7, for performing anaerobic biological reactions;

[0028] an anaerobic membrane separation component for separating muddy water from the anaerobic bioreactor 7 through a ceramic membrane;

[0029] A biogas separation and purification component is used to collect, purify and store the biogas generated in the anaerobic bioreactor 7;

[0030] A sludge return component is used to return the sludge separated in the anaerobic membrane separation component to the anaerobic bioreactor 7;

[0031] A pulse backwash component is used to perform pulse backwashing on the ceramic membrane in the anaerobic membrane separation component using the biogas stored in the biogas separation and purification component and the clean water separated by the anaerobic membrane separation component;

[0032] The water outlet component is connected to the water outlet end of the anaerobic membrane separation component and is used to collect the clean water separated by the anaerobic membrane separation component.

[0033] In this embodiment, the water inlet assembly includes a raw water tank 1, an inlet pump 2, an inlet regulating valve 3, an inlet flowmeter 4, an inlet pipe 5, and a water distributor 6. The water distributor 6 is located at the bottom of the anaerobic bioreactor 7. The two ends of the inlet pipe 5 are connected to the raw water tank 1 and the water distributor 6, respectively. The inlet pump 2, the inlet regulating valve 3, and the inlet flowmeter 4 are all located on the inlet pipe 5. The inlet pump 2 is used to pump water from the raw water tank 1 into the bottom of the anaerobic bioreactor 7 and evenly distribute the water through the water distributor 6. The water pumping volume is regulated by the inlet regulating valve 3 and the inlet flowmeter 4 to facilitate the normal operation of the anaerobic bioreactor 7.

[0034] In this embodiment, the anaerobic membrane separation assembly includes an outlet pipe 8 and an anaerobic membrane separator 12. The outlet pipe 8 is connected at both ends to the upper overflow port of the anaerobic bioreactor 7 and the upper water inlet of the anaerobic membrane separator 12, respectively. The outlet pipe 8 is equipped with a pneumatic mud and water valve 9, a mud and water flowmeter 10, and an inlet check valve 11. A ceramic membrane assembly 13 is housed within the anaerobic membrane separator 12. The pneumatic mud and water valve 9 controls the opening and closing of the outlet pipe 8, while the mud and water flowmeter 10 measures the amount of mud and water flowing into the anaerobic membrane separator 12. The inlet check valve 11 prevents liquid or gas in the anaerobic membrane separator 12 from flowing back into the anaerobic bioreactor 7. The ceramic membrane assembly 13 uses external pressure and separates mud and water through the ceramic membrane pores.

[0035] In this embodiment, the sludge return assembly includes a sludge discharge pipe 29, a sludge return pump 30, a sludge discharge regulating valve 31, and a sludge discharge flowmeter 32. The sludge discharge pipe 29 is used to connect the bottom of the anaerobic bioreactor 7 with the bottom of the anaerobic membrane separator 12. The sludge return pump 30, the sludge discharge regulating valve 31, and the sludge discharge flowmeter 32 are all disposed on the sludge discharge pipe 29. The sludge return pump 30 pumps sludge from the bottom of the anaerobic membrane separator 12 into the bottom of the anaerobic bioreactor 7. The sludge discharge regulating valve 31 and the sludge discharge flowmeter 32 are used to control the sludge discharge rate and monitor the sludge discharge volume, respectively.

[0036] In this embodiment, the water outlet assembly includes a membrane outlet water collecting pipe 14, a separation water storage tank 24, and a separation water storage tank outlet pipe 25; the membrane outlet water collecting pipe 14 is used to discharge the clean water obtained by filtering the ceramic membrane group 13 out of the anaerobic membrane separator 12; a vacuum gauge 15, a membrane group water production pump 16, a membrane group water production pneumatic valve 17, and a membrane group water production flow meter 18 are sequentially provided on the membrane outlet water collecting pipe 14 from the anaerobic membrane separator 12 end to the separation water storage tank 24 end; a water outlet pump 26, a water outlet regulating valve 27, and a water outlet flow meter 28 are provided on the separation water storage tank outlet pipe 25; the membrane flux of the ceramic membrane group 13 is controlled at 15 to 80 L / m 2 h range. The end of the membrane water outlet collection pipe 14 is located inside the ceramic membrane module 13; the vacuum gauge 15 is used to detect the internal pressure of the anaerobic membrane separator 12; the membrane module water production pump 16 is used to extract the clean water filtered by the ceramic membrane module 13. Part of the extracted clean water flows through the membrane module water production pneumatic valve 17 and the membrane module water production flowmeter 18 to enter the separation water storage tank 24 for storage, and part of the water flows through the pulse backwash buffer inlet pipe 19 to enter the pulse backwash buffer 23 for pulse backwashing.

[0037] In this embodiment, the biogas separation and purification assembly includes a gas connecting pipe 33, a gas-water separator tank 35, a biogas purification reactor 36, and a biogas storage tank 37. The two ends of the gas connecting pipe 33 are connected to the top of the anaerobic bioreactor 7 and the inlet of the gas-water separator tank 35, respectively. The gas-water separator tank 35, the biogas purification reactor 36, and the biogas storage tank 37 are connected in sequence. Biogas pneumatic valves 34 are installed on the pipelines between the anaerobic bioreactor 7 and the gas-water separator tank 35, between the gas-water separator tank 35 and the biogas purification reactor 36, and between the biogas purification reactor 36 and the biogas storage tank 37. The gas-water separator tank 35 is used to separate gas and water. The separated gas (biogas) enters the biogas purification reactor 36 for desulfurization, and the desulfurized biogas enters the biogas storage tank 37 for storage. A biogas discharge pipe 38 is also installed at the outlet of the biogas storage tank 37, and a biogas pneumatic valve 34 is also installed on the biogas discharge pipe 38.

[0038] In this embodiment, the pulse backwash component includes a biogas compressor 39 and a pulse backwash buffer 23; the inlet end of the biogas compressor 39 is connected to the biogas storage tank 37; the biogas compressor 39 is connected to the pulse backwash buffer 23 through a compressed air pipe 40, and a pressure reducing valve 41 and two biogas pneumatic valves 34 are sequentially provided on the compressed air pipe 40 from the end of the biogas compressor 39 to the end of the pulse backwash buffer 23; a gas pressure gauge 42 is provided between the two biogas pneumatic valves 34 on the compressed air pipe 40; a biogas direct pipe 46 leading to the top of the anaerobic membrane separator 12 is provided between the gas pressure gauge 42 and the biogas pneumatic valve 34 at its downstream end, and the biogas direct pipe 46 is provided with a biogas pneumatic valve 34; a liquid level gauge 43 is provided on the pulse backwash buffer 23;

[0039] The water inlet and outlet 22 of the pulse backwash buffer 23 are respectively connected to one end of the pulse backwash buffer water inlet pipe 19 and one end of the backwash pipe 44; the other end of the pulse backwash buffer water inlet pipe 19 is connected to the membrane water outlet water collecting pipe 14, and the connection point is located between the membrane module water production pump 16 and the membrane module water production pneumatic valve 17; the pulse backwash buffer water inlet pipe 19 is provided with a pulse backwash buffer water inlet pneumatic valve 20 and a pulse backwash buffer check valve 21;

[0040] The other end of the backwash pipe 44 is connected to the membrane outlet water collecting pipe 14, and the connection point is located between the ceramic membrane group 13 and the vacuum gauge 15; a backwash pneumatic butterfly valve 45 is provided on the backwash pipe 44 and between the connection point between the backwash pipe 44 and the membrane outlet water collecting pipe 14 and the water inlet and outlet 22;

[0041] The biogas separation and purification assembly further includes a biogas recovery pipe 49 connecting the anaerobic membrane separator 12 and the biogas storage tank 37; a biogas recovery check valve 47 and a biogas recovery pneumatic valve 48 are provided on the biogas recovery pipe 49 to prevent the biogas in the biogas storage tank 37 from entering the anaerobic membrane separator 12;

[0042] When the pulse backwash component backwashes the anaerobic membrane separator 12, the biogas pressure is 0.5MPa, the backwash time is less than or equal to 5 seconds, the backwash water consumption is less than or equal to 1%, the backwash sewage volume is less than or equal to 2%, the filtered water turbidity is less than or equal to 2NTU, and the operating transmembrane pressure difference is 15-25Kpa.

[0043] Under the pressure of the biogas compressor 39, the clean water in the pulse backwash buffer 23 enters the ceramic membrane assembly 13 in a pulsed manner through the backwash pipe 44, cleaning the ceramic membrane assembly 13 from the inside out. A biogas direct line 46 directs the biogas pressurized by the biogas compressor 39 directly to the anaerobic membrane separator 12, flushing the surface of the ceramic membrane assembly 13. Biogas from the anaerobic membrane separator 12 can be directly stored in the biogas storage tank 37 via the biogas recovery pipe 49, or it can be directed to the interior of the anaerobic bioreactor 7 through an additional pipeline, where it will be re-processed through the biogas separation and purification components and stored in the biogas storage tank 37.

[0044] In the specific implementation process, Figure 2 As shown, two anaerobic membrane separators 12 are provided, and a pneumatic valve is provided between the upper water inlet of the two anaerobic membrane separators 12 and the water inlet check valve 11;

[0045] A first backwash water inlet pneumatic valve 50 and a second backwash water inlet pneumatic valve 52 connected to the two ceramic membrane groups 13 are provided on the backwash pipe 44 and between the connection point between the backwash pipe 44 and the membrane outlet water collecting pipe 14 and the backwash pneumatic butterfly valve 45;

[0046] A first filtered water outlet pneumatic valve 51 and a second filtered water outlet pneumatic valve 53 connected to the two ceramic membrane groups 13 are provided on the membrane water outlet collecting pipe 14 and between the connection point between the backwash pipe 44 and the membrane water outlet collecting pipe 14 and the vacuum meter 15.

[0047] The provision of two backwash water inlet pneumatic valves and two filtered water outlet pneumatic valves allows the two anaerobic membrane separators 12 to operate independently. When one of the anaerobic membrane separators 12 fails or needs to be cleaned, the other anaerobic membrane separator 12 can operate normally.

[0048] Working principle:

[0049] In a specific implementation process, the method of using the device to clean the ceramic membrane includes the following steps:

[0050] S1, collecting, purifying and storing the biogas generated in the anaerobic bioreactor 7 through a biogas separation and purification component;

[0051] S2, separating the muddy water from the anaerobic bioreactor 7 through the ceramic membrane in the anaerobic membrane separation assembly;

[0052] S3, returning the sludge separated in the anaerobic membrane separation component to the anaerobic bioreactor 7 through the sludge return component;

[0053] S4. The pulse backwash component uses the biogas stored in the biogas separation and purification component and the clean water separated by the anaerobic membrane separation component to perform pulse backwash on the ceramic membrane in the anaerobic membrane separation component.

[0054] In this embodiment, the pulse backwashing assembly utilizes the biogas stored in the biogas separation and purification assembly and the clean water separated by the anaerobic membrane separation assembly to pulse backwash the ceramic membrane in the anaerobic membrane separation assembly in the following specific methods:

[0055] Part of the clean water separated by the anaerobic membrane separator 12 is stored in the pulse backwash buffer 23 through the pulse backwash buffer inlet pipe 19 and the membrane outlet water collection pipe 14 until the required water level is reached, and the pulse backwash buffer inlet pneumatic valve 20 is closed; when the pressure difference of the ceramic membrane is greater than 40Kpa, the biogas pneumatic valve 34 on the biogas direct pipe 46 is kept closed, the biogas pneumatic valve 34 between the pressure reducing valve 41 and the gas pressure gauge 42 is opened, and the biogas pneumatic valve 34 between the gas pressure gauge 42 and the pulse backwash buffer 23 is kept closed until the gas pressure gauge 42 reaches 0.5MPa, then the biogas pneumatic valve 34, the backwash pneumatic butterfly valve 45, and the backwash water inlet pneumatic valve corresponding to the anaerobic membrane separator 12 to be backwashed are opened, and the filtered water gas corresponding to the anaerobic membrane separator 12 to be backwashed is closed. The pneumatic valve is activated to perform pulse backwashing of the ceramic membrane in the anaerobic membrane separation assembly with the clean water stored in the pulse backwash buffer 23 for a duration of less than or equal to 5 seconds; the biogas pneumatic valve 34, the backwash pneumatic butterfly valve 45, and the backwash water inlet pneumatic valve corresponding to the anaerobic membrane separator 12 to be backwashed between the gas pressure gauge 42 and the pulse backwash buffer 23 are closed, and the biogas pneumatic valve 34 on the biogas direct pipe 46 is opened to allow the biogas pressurized by the biogas compressor 39 to purge the surface of the ceramic membrane group 13, thereby cleaning the sewage and residue on the surface of the ceramic membrane group 13 and in the gaps between the ceramic membrane group 13; after completing the cleaning of the anaerobic membrane separator 12, the biogas pneumatic valve 34 on the biogas direct pipe 46, the biogas compressor 39, the biogas pneumatic valve 34 between the pressure reducing valve 41 and the gas pressure gauge 42 are closed, and the biogas recovery pneumatic valve 48 is opened to recover and store the biogas in the anaerobic membrane separator 12.

[0056] To sum up, the utility model adopts a pulse-type rapid cleaning method. When the pressure before and after the ceramic membrane exceeds a certain value and affects the solid-liquid separation, online pulse backwashing is performed. During backwashing, the corresponding pneumatic valves and biogas compressors are opened, and biogas is injected into the pulse backwash buffer. When the water level of the pulse backwash buffer reaches the water level required for backwashing and the biogas reaches a certain pressure, the pneumatic valve on the membrane backwash water pipeline is opened. Under the impulse formed by the gas pressure, the ceramic membrane is quickly backwashed, so that the ceramic membrane can be quickly cleaned by the backwash water and the membrane flux is restored.

Claims

1. A device for rapid pulse cleaning of ceramic membranes in anaerobic membrane bioreactors, characterized in that: It includes a water inlet component, an anaerobic bioreactor (7), an anaerobic membrane separation component, a biogas separation and purification component, a sludge return component, a pulse backwash component and a water outlet component; A water inlet assembly for supplying water to the anaerobic bioreactor (7); an anaerobic bioreactor (7), for carrying out anaerobic biological reactions; An anaerobic membrane separation component for separating muddy water from an anaerobic bioreactor (7) through a ceramic membrane; A biogas separation and purification component is used to collect, purify and store the biogas generated in the anaerobic bioreactor (7); A sludge return component is used to return the sludge separated in the anaerobic membrane separation component to the anaerobic bioreactor (7); A pulse backwash component is used to perform pulse backwashing on the ceramic membrane in the anaerobic membrane separation component using the biogas stored in the biogas separation and purification component and the clean water separated by the anaerobic membrane separation component; The water outlet component is connected to the water outlet end of the anaerobic membrane separation component and is used to collect the clean water separated by the anaerobic membrane separation component.

2. The device for rapid pulse cleaning of ceramic membranes of anaerobic membrane bioreactors according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water inlet assembly comprises a raw water pool (1), a water inlet pump (2), a water inlet regulating valve (3), a water inlet flow meter (4), a water inlet pipe (5) and a water distributor (6); the water distributor (6) is arranged at the bottom of the anaerobic bioreactor (7); the two ends of the water inlet pipe (5) are respectively connected to the raw water pool (1) and the water distributor (6); the water inlet pump (2), the water inlet regulating valve (3) and the water inlet flow meter (4) are all arranged on the water inlet pipe (5).

3. The device for rapid pulse cleaning of ceramic membranes of anaerobic membrane bioreactors according to claim 1, characterized in that: The anaerobic membrane separation component comprises an outlet pipe (8) and an anaerobic membrane separator (12); the two ends of the outlet pipe (8) are respectively connected to the upper overflow port of the anaerobic bioreactor (7) and the upper water inlet of the anaerobic membrane separator (12); the outlet pipe (8) is provided with a muddy water pneumatic valve (9), a muddy water flow meter (10) and a water inlet check valve (11); and the anaerobic membrane separator (12) is provided with a ceramic membrane group (13).

4. The device for rapid pulse cleaning of ceramic membranes of anaerobic membrane bioreactors according to claim 3, characterized in that: The sludge return assembly comprises a sludge discharge pipe (29), a sludge return pump (30), a sludge discharge regulating valve (31) and a sludge discharge flow meter (32); the sludge discharge pipe (29) is used to connect the bottom of the anaerobic bioreactor (7) and the bottom of the anaerobic membrane separator (12); the sludge return pump (30), the sludge discharge regulating valve (31) and the sludge discharge flow meter (32) are all arranged on the sludge discharge pipe (29).

5. The device for rapid pulse cleaning of ceramic membranes of anaerobic membrane bioreactors according to claim 3, characterized in that: The water outlet assembly comprises a membrane water outlet collecting pipe (14), a separation water storage tank (24), and a separation water storage tank outlet pipe (25); the membrane water outlet collecting pipe (14) is used to discharge the clean water obtained by filtering the ceramic membrane group (13) out of the anaerobic membrane separator (12); a vacuum gauge (15), a membrane group water production pump (16), a membrane group water production pneumatic valve (17), and a membrane group water production flow meter (18) are sequentially arranged on the membrane water outlet collecting pipe (14) from the anaerobic membrane separator (12) end to the separation water storage tank (24) end; a water outlet pump (26), a water outlet regulating valve (27), and a water outlet flow meter (28) are arranged on the separation water storage tank outlet pipe (25); the membrane flux of the ceramic membrane group (13) is controlled to be 15 to 80 L / (m 2 h) Scope.

6. The device for rapid pulse cleaning of ceramic membranes of anaerobic membrane bioreactors according to claim 5, characterized in that: The biogas separation and purification component comprises a gas connecting pipe (33), a gas-water separation tank (35), a biogas purification reactor (36) and a biogas storage tank (37); the two ends of the gas connecting pipe (33) are respectively connected to the top of the anaerobic bioreactor (7) and the inlet of the gas-water separation tank (35); the gas-water separation tank (35), the biogas purification reactor (36) and the biogas storage tank (37) are connected in sequence; biogas pneumatic valves (34) are provided on the pipelines between the anaerobic bioreactor (7) and the gas-water separation tank (35), between the gas-water separation tank (35) and the biogas purification reactor (36), and between the biogas purification reactor (36) and the biogas storage tank (37); a biogas discharge pipe (38) is also provided at the outlet end of the biogas storage tank (37), and the biogas discharge pipe (38) is also provided with a biogas pneumatic valve (34).

7. The device for rapid pulse cleaning of ceramic membranes of anaerobic membrane bioreactors according to claim 6, characterized in that: The pulse backwash component includes a biogas compressor (39) and a pulse backwash buffer (23); the inlet end of the biogas compressor (39) is connected to the biogas storage tank (37); the biogas compressor (39) is connected to the pulse backwash buffer (23) through a compressed air pipe (40); a pressure reducing valve (41) and two biogas pneumatic valves (34) are sequentially arranged on the compressed air pipe (40) from the end of the biogas compressor (39) to the end of the pulse backwash buffer (23); a gas pressure gauge (42) is arranged between the two biogas pneumatic valves (34) on the compressed air pipe (40); a biogas direct pipe (46) leading to the top of the anaerobic membrane separator (12) is arranged between the gas pressure gauge (42) and the biogas pneumatic valve (34) at its downstream end, and the biogas direct pipe (46) is provided with a biogas pneumatic valve (34); a liquid level gauge (43) is arranged on the pulse backwash buffer (23); The water inlet and outlet (22) of the pulse backwash buffer (23) are respectively connected to one end of the pulse backwash buffer water inlet pipe (19) and one end of the backwash pipe (44); the other end of the pulse backwash buffer water inlet pipe (19) is connected to the membrane water outlet water collecting pipe (14), and the connection point is located between the membrane group water production pump (16) and the membrane group water production pneumatic valve (17); the pulse backwash buffer water inlet pneumatic valve (20) and the pulse backwash buffer check valve (21) are provided on the pulse backwash buffer water inlet pipe (19); The other end of the backwash pipe (44) is connected to the membrane outlet water collecting pipe (14), and the connection point is located between the ceramic membrane group (13) and the vacuum gauge (15); a backwash pneumatic butterfly valve (45) is provided on the backwash pipe (44) and between the connection point between the backwash pipe (44) and the membrane outlet water collecting pipe (14) and the water inlet and outlet (22); The biogas separation and purification component further comprises a biogas recovery pipe (49) connecting the anaerobic membrane separator (12) and the biogas storage tank (37); a biogas recovery check valve (47) and a biogas recovery pneumatic valve (48) are provided on the biogas recovery pipe (49); When the pulse backwash component backwashes the anaerobic membrane separator (12), the biogas pressure is 0.5 MPa, the backwash time is less than or equal to 5 seconds, the backwash water consumption is less than or equal to 1%, the backwash sewage volume is less than or equal to 2%, the filtered water turbidity is less than or equal to 2NTU, and the operating transmembrane pressure difference is 15-25KPa.

8. The device for rapid pulse cleaning of ceramic membranes of anaerobic membrane bioreactors according to claim 7, characterized in that: Two anaerobic membrane separators (12) are provided, and a pneumatic valve is provided between the upper water inlet of each of the two anaerobic membrane separators (12) and the water inlet check valve (11); A first backwash water inlet pneumatic valve (50) and a second backwash water inlet pneumatic valve (52) connected to the two ceramic membrane groups (13) are provided on the backwash pipe (44) and between the connection point between the backwash pipe (44) and the membrane outlet water collecting pipe (14) and the backwash pneumatic butterfly valve (45); A first filtered water outlet pneumatic valve (51) and a second filtered water outlet pneumatic valve (53) respectively connected to the two ceramic membrane groups (13) are provided on the membrane water outlet collecting pipe (14) and between the connection point between the backwash pipe (44) and the membrane water outlet collecting pipe (14) and the vacuum meter (15).

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