Support-free and mold-free laminated floor assembly integral type reinforced concrete frame structure

Abstract

The utility model discloses a support-free and mold-free laminated floor assembly integral type reinforced concrete frame structure, which belongs to the technical field of building frames and comprises a plurality of building frame layers, and each building frame layer comprises a frame column. The structure further comprises a stress beam, the stress beam comprises a first precast beam, and the end of the first precast beam is fixed to the top of the frame column. The floor support plate is fixed between the two first precast beams, and the floor support plate comprises a plurality of flat plates and at least one rib plate fixed on the bottom surfaces of the flat plates; the structure further comprises a second concrete layer, and the second concrete layer is filled in the frame columns and above the floor support plate. According to the frame structure disclosed by the utility model, the rib plates are directly fixed below the floor bearing plates, so that the floor bearing plates are directly arranged between the stress beams, the situation that the site pouring amount is increased due to the fact that supporting beams are additionally arranged is avoided, and the construction efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of prefabricated building frames, in particular to an assembled integral reinforced concrete frame structure of a support-free and formwork-free composite floor. Background Art

[0002] In current construction, concrete is typically mixed on-site before pouring the building. Cast-in-place frame structures require extensive on-site support and formwork, resulting in long construction cycles and difficulties in ensuring the quality of reinforced concrete. Consequently, through continuous innovation in construction technology, prefabricated frame structures have become a popular construction technique.

[0003] In prefabricated frame structures, support beams are required for support during the installation of floor decking. Additional connection structures and pouring processes are required between the floor decking and the support beams, which increases the on-site pouring volume and affects construction efficiency. Utility Model Content

[0004] The utility model provides an integral reinforced concrete frame structure for assembling a composite floor without support or formwork, aiming to solve the problem in the prior art that additional support beams are required during installation of floor decking, which affects construction efficiency.

[0005] In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following scheme:

[0006] The utility model provides a support-free and formwork-free composite floor assembly integral reinforced concrete frame structure, including a multi-layer building frame layer, the building frame layer includes frame columns; also includes load-bearing beams, the load-bearing beams include first precast beams, the ends of the first precast beams are fixed to the tops of the frame columns; also includes floor decking, the floor decking is fixed between two of the first precast beams; the floor decking includes a plurality of flat plates and at least one rib plate fixed to the bottom surfaces of the flat plates; also includes a second concrete layer, the second concrete layer is filled inside the frame columns and above the floor decking.

[0007] Furthermore, the frame columns are prefabricated frame columns or cast-in-situ frame columns.

[0008] Furthermore, a corbel is fixedly provided on the top of the frame column; the number of the corbels is two or four; when the number of the corbels is two, the corbels are relatively arranged at the top of the frame column and the top of the corbel is higher than the frame column, and the side of the frame column where the corbel is not provided extends outward to form a lap platform, and the end of the first prefabricated beam is installed on the lap platform; when the number of the corbels is four, the corbels are arranged around the top of the frame column, wherein the top of one group of relatively arranged corbels is flush with the top surface of the frame column, and the top of the other group of relatively arranged corbels is higher than the frame column, and the end of the first prefabricated beam is fixed on the corbel flush with the top surface of the frame column.

[0009] Optionally, a column cap is fixedly provided on the top of the frame column, and pads are fixedly provided on both sides of the top of the column cap; and the end of the first prefabricated beam is installed on the column cap.

[0010] Furthermore, a first vertical steel bar is provided in the frame column; the frame column is divided into an upper frame column and a lower frame column, the upper frame column and the lower frame column are connected by a mechanical connector, a first concrete layer is poured in the lower frame column, and a first grouting layer is provided at the connection between the upper frame column and the lower frame column; the mechanical connector includes a steel bar slot, the steel bar slot is located at the top of the first vertical steel bar in the upper frame column and the lower frame column, and a steel bar plug is protruding from the bottom of the first vertical steel bar of the upper frame column, and the steel bar plug is inserted into the steel bar slot located in the lower frame column; a grouting pipe is provided at the bottom of the lower frame column, and the bottom of the grouting pipe is flush with the bottom surface of the upper frame column; an injection pipe and an overflow pipe are protruding from the grouting pipe, and the injection pipe is located above the overflow pipe.

[0011] Optionally, the load-bearing beam also includes a second precast beam, the end of which is installed on the corbel that is higher than the top of the frame column; the bottom of the first precast beam has steps extending to both sides, so that the cross-sectional shape of the first precast beam is an inverted T-shape; the multiple ribs are parallel to each other; the bottom surface of the rib is fixed to the top surface of the step, and a partition layer is provided between the rib and the step, and the partition layer includes embedded parts and pads, and the multiple embedded parts are divided into two groups, upper and lower, and are respectively embedded in the first precast beam and the rib, and the pad is provided between the two groups of embedded parts; gaps for the vertical steel bars to pass through are provided at the corners of the floor decking located at the edge.

[0012] Furthermore, the first precast beam and the second precast beam are provided with a first transverse steel bar and a first stirrup; the first transverse steel bar is located at the bottom of the first precast beam and the second precast beam, and its two ends extend out of the first precast beam and the second precast beam and then bend upward; multiple first stirrups are arranged parallel to each other, and the bottom of the first stirrup is welded and fixed to the first transverse steel bar.

[0013] Optionally, the edge of the rib plate is provided with a tongue and groove; when the floor deck is installed on the first prefabricated beam, the tongue and groove is adapted to the step.

[0014] Optionally, the rib plate includes two main panels and two side panels located around the bottom of the flat plate, the main panels are respectively arranged at the front and rear ends of the flat plate, and the side panels are arranged on the left and right sides of the flat plate; the main panels are fixed on the first prefabricated beams, and the bottoms of the side panels located on the outside of the floor decking are installed on the corbels that are higher than the tops of the frame columns; the corners of the floor decking located at the edge are provided with gaps for the first vertical steel bars to pass through.

[0015] Furthermore, the first prefabricated beam is provided with a first transverse steel bar and a second vertical steel bar. The first transverse steel bar is located inside the first prefabricated beam, and its two ends extend out of the first prefabricated beam and then bend upward; the bottoms of multiple second vertical steel bars are welded and fixed to the first transverse steel bar, and their tops extend out of the top of the first prefabricated beam and then bend.

[0016] Furthermore, a second transverse reinforcement and a third vertical reinforcement are provided on adjacent sides of the two flat plates; the second transverse reinforcement is located in the first prefabricated beam, and the top of the third vertical reinforcement extends out of the flat plate, then bends and is inserted into the flat plate, forming a triangle with the flat plate.

[0017] Optionally, the height of the main panel is less than or equal to the height of the side panel.

[0018] Optionally, tongue and groove are provided at both ends of the side panels below two adjacent flat panels.

[0019] Compared with the existing technology, the utility model has the following advantages:

[0020] Ribs are fixed directly under the floor decking, so that the floor decking is directly set between the load-bearing beams, avoiding the need for additional support beams and increasing the amount of on-site pouring, thereby improving construction efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] The present application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods.

[0022] Figure 1This is a schematic diagram of an assembled integral reinforced concrete frame structure of a support-free and formwork-free composite floor provided in Example 1 of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 Exploded view of the middle building frame layer.

[0024] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the first prefabricated beam structure in Example 1.

[0025] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the second prefabricated beam structure in Example 1.

[0026] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the floor deck structure in Example 1.

[0027] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the frame column structure.

[0028] Figure 7 It is the main view of the internal structure of the frame column.

[0029] Figure 8 It is a side view of the internal structure of the frame column.

[0030] Figure 9 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first vertical steel bar and the mechanical connector.

[0031] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the floor deck structure installed on both sides of the first precast beam in Example 1.

[0032] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the floor deck and the first precast beam in Example 1.

[0033] Figure 12 yes Figure 11 Enlarged view of part A in the middle.

[0034] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of an assembled integral reinforced concrete frame structure of a support-free and formwork-free composite floor provided in Example 2.

[0035] Figure 14 yes Figure 13 Exploded view of the middle building frame layer.

[0036] Figure 15 It is a schematic diagram of the floor deck structure in Example 2.

[0037] Figure 16 This is a schematic diagram of the floor deck structure installed on both sides of the first precast beam in Example 2.

[0038] Figure 17This is a schematic diagram of an assembled integral reinforced concrete frame structure of a support-free and formwork-free composite floor provided in Example 3.

[0039] Figure 18 yes Figure 17 Exploded view of the middle building frame layer.

[0040] Figure 19 This is a schematic diagram of the first prefabricated beam structure in Example 3.

[0041] Figure 20 It is a schematic diagram of the floor deck structure in Example 3.

[0042] Figure 21 This is a schematic structural diagram of the two floor decking plates located on both sides of the first precast beam in Example 3.

[0043] Figure 22 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of two adjacent floor decks in Example 3.

[0044] Figure 23 This is a schematic diagram of an assembled integral reinforced concrete frame structure of a support-free and formwork-free composite floor in Example 4.

[0045] Figure 24 yes Figure 23 Exploded view of the middle building frame layer.

[0046] Figure 25 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of two floor decks located on both sides of the first precast beam in Example 4.

[0047] Figure 26 It is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the floor deck and the first precast beam in the fourth embodiment.

[0048] Figure 27 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of two adjacent floor plates in Example 4.

[0049] Figure 28 It is a schematic diagram of the frame column structure with four corbels in Example 1.

[0050] Figure 29 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the frame column with column cap in the fifth embodiment.

[0051] Description of main component symbols:

[0052] 1. Building frame layer;

[0053] 2. Frame column; 21. Upper frame column; 22. Lower frame column; 221. First concrete layer; 23. Mechanical connector; 231. Rebar slot; 232. Rebar plug; 24. First grouting layer; 25. First vertical reinforcement; 26. Corbel; 27. Grouting pipe; 271. Injection pipe; 272. Overflow pipe; 28. Lap platform; 29. Column cap; 291. Spacer;

[0054] 3. Load-bearing beam; 31. First precast beam; 311. Step; 32. Second precast beam; 33. First transverse reinforcement; 34. First stirrup; 35. Second vertical reinforcement; 36. Second transverse reinforcement; 37. Third vertical reinforcement;

[0055] 4. Floor deck; 41. Flat plate; 411. Notch; 42. Rib; 421. Tongue and groove; 43. Partition; 431. Embedded parts; 432. Pad; 44. Main enclosure; 45. Side enclosure;

[0056] 5. Second concrete layer. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0057] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention.

[0058] Example 1

[0059] Refer to the accompanying drawings, such as Figures 1-12 、 Figure 28 As shown, a reinforced concrete frame structure of an assembled integral structure of a support-free and formwork-free composite floor comprises a multi-layer building frame layer 1, wherein the building frame layer 1 comprises:

[0060] Frame column 2, frame column 2 can be a prefabricated frame column or a cast-in-place frame column. At this time, a corbel 26 is provided on the top of the frame column 2. Optionally, the number of corbels 26 is two or four; when the number of corbels 26 is two, the frame column 2 is a prefabricated frame column, two corbels 26 are provided on opposite sides of the top of the frame column 2, and the top of the corbels 26 is higher than the top of the frame column 2, and the side of the frame column 2 where the corbels 26 are not provided extends outward to form a lap platform 28. In this case, the corbels 26 are installed and fixed after the prefabricated frame column is manufactured. When the number of corbels 26 is four, the frame column 2 is a cast-in-place frame column, and the corbels 26 are provided around the top of the frame column 2, wherein the top of one group of relatively provided corbels 26 is flush with the top surface of the frame column 2, and the top of the other group of relatively provided corbels 26 is higher than the top of the frame column 2. In this case, the corbel 26 is first fixed to the cast-in-place frame column, and then the cast-in-place frame column is poured until the concrete on the top of the cast-in-place frame column is flush with the top surface of the corbel 26, and then the pouring is stopped. A first vertical steel bar 25 is provided in the frame column 2. The frame column 2 is divided into an upper frame column 21 and a lower frame column 22. The upper frame column 21 and the lower frame column 22 are connected by a mechanical connector 23. The mechanical connector 23 is an existing product that can be purchased directly. Specifically, the mechanical connector 23 includes a steel bar slot 231. The steel bar slot 231 is located at the top of the vertical steel bars 25 in the upper frame column 21 and the lower frame column 22. A steel bar plug 232 is protruding from the bottom of the first vertical steel bar 25 of the upper frame column 21. The steel bar plug 232 is inserted into the steel bar slot 231 located in the lower frame column 22, so that the upper frame column 21 and the lower frame column 22 are mechanically connected. A first concrete layer 221 is poured in the lower frame column 22 to reinforce the lower frame column 22. When there is a multi-story building frame layer 1 , the frame columns 2 on the upper layer and the first vertical steel bars 25 in the frame columns 2 on the lower layer can be connected via a mechanical connector 23 to achieve a structural connection of the multi-story building frame layer 1 .

[0061] A first grouting layer 24 is provided at the junction of the upper frame column 21 and the lower frame column 22 to fill the gap between the upper frame column 21 and the lower frame column 22. Specifically, a vertical grouting pipe 27 is provided at the bottom of the lower frame column 22, with the bottom of the grouting pipe 27 flush with the bottom surface of the upper frame column 21. An injection pipe 271 and an overflow pipe 272 protrude from the grouting pipe 27. The injection pipe 271 is located above the overflow pipe 272. Grouting is injected into the grouting pipe 27 through the injection pipe 271. After the first grouting layer 24 is formed, excess grout flows out of the overflow pipe 272, and grouting stops.

[0062] The building frame layer 1 also includes a load-bearing beam 3, which includes a first precast beam 31. The end of the first precast beam 31 is installed on the lap platform 28. The load-bearing beam 3 also includes a second precast beam 32. The second precast beam 32 is installed on the corbel 26 that is higher than the top of the frame column 2. The bottom of the first precast beam 31 has steps 311 extending to both sides, so that the cross-sectional shape of the first precast beam 311 is an inverted T-shape. The first precast beam 31 and the second precast beam 32 are provided with first transverse steel bars 33 and first stirrups 34. The first transverse steel bar 33 is located at the bottom of the first precast beam 31 and the second precast beam 32, and its two ends extend out of the first precast beam 31 and the second precast beam 32 and then bend upward. Multiple first stirrups 34 are arranged parallel to each other, and the bottom of the first stirrup 34 is welded and fixed to the first transverse steel bar 33.

[0063] The building frame layer 1 also includes a floor decking slab 4, which is fixed between the two first precast beams 31. The floor decking slab 4 includes a plurality of flat plates 41 and a plurality of ribs 42 fixed below the flat plates 41, and the ribs 42 are parallel to each other. The bottom surface of the ribs 42 is fixed to the top surface of the step 311, and a partition layer 43 is provided between the ribs 42 and the step 311. The partition layer 43 includes embedded parts and pads, and the plurality of embedded parts are divided into two groups, upper and lower, which are respectively embedded in the first precast beam 31 and the ribs 42, and the pads are provided between the two groups of embedded parts, wherein the material of the embedded parts can be steel, and the material of the pads can be rubber. Notches 411 for the first vertical reinforcement 25 to pass through are provided at the corners of the floor decking slab 4 at the edge.

[0064] After the frame columns 2, the load-bearing beams 3 and the floor decking slabs 4 are installed, a second concrete layer 5 is filled in the frame columns 2 and on the floor decking slabs 4, thereby filling the frame columns 2 and fixing the floor decking slabs 4 and the third precast beams 33. The floor decking slabs 4 and the second concrete layer 5 are combined to form a composite floor slab.

[0065] Example 2

[0066] like Figure 13-16 As shown, compared with the first embodiment, in this embodiment, a tongue and groove 421 is provided on the edge of the rib plate 42 ; when the floor decking plate 4 is installed on the first precast beam 31 , the tongue and groove 421 is adapted to the step 311 .

[0067] Example 3

[0068] like Figures 17-22As shown, compared with the first embodiment, in this embodiment, the floor decking includes a plurality of flat plates 41 and two main panels 44 and two side panels 45 fixed around the bottom of the flat plates 41. The main panels 44 are respectively arranged at the front and rear ends of the flat plates 41, and the side panels 45 are arranged on the left and right sides of the flat plates 41. The height of the main panels 44 is equal to the height of the side panels 45. The main panels 44 are fixed to the first precast beams 31, and the bottoms of the side panels 45 located on the outside of the floor decking 4 are installed on the corbels 26 that are higher than the tops of the frame columns 2. Notches 411 are provided at the corners of the floor decking 4 at the edges for the first vertical reinforcement 25 to pass through.

[0069] The first precast beam 31 is equipped with a first transverse reinforcement 33 and a second vertical reinforcement 35. The first transverse reinforcement 33 is located within the first precast beam 31, with its ends extending beyond the first precast beam 31 and then bent upward. The bottoms of the multiple second vertical reinforcements 35 are welded to the first transverse reinforcement 33, and their tops extend beyond the top of the first precast beam 31 and then bend. Second transverse reinforcement 36 and third vertical reinforcement 37 are installed on the adjacent sides of the two flat plates 41. The second transverse reinforcement 36 is located within the first precast beam 31, and the tops of the third vertical reinforcement 37 extend beyond the flat plates 41, then bend and insert into the flat plates 41, forming a triangle with the flat plates 41.

[0070] Example 4

[0071] like Figure 23-Figure 27 As shown, compared with the third embodiment, in this embodiment, the height of the main panel 44 is less than the height of the side panels 45. Tongues and grooves 421 are provided at both ends of the side panels 45 below two adjacent flat panels 41.

[0072] Example 5

[0073] like Figure 29 As shown, compared to the first embodiment, in this embodiment, a column cap 29 can be further provided on the top of the frame column 2. Pads 291 are provided on both sides of the top of the column cap 29. The ends of the first precast beam 31 are overlapped or fixedly provided on the pads 291, and the ends of the second precast beam 32 or the side panels 45 are overlapped or fixedly installed on the pads 291. In this case, the frame column 2 is a cast-in-place frame column. During the casting process, the column cap 29 is cast together with the frame column 2. The pads 291 can be made of metal or concrete. When the pads 291 are made of concrete, they can be cast together with the frame column 2.

[0074] The above is only a preferred specific implementation method of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to this. Any changes or replacements that can be easily thought of by any technician familiar with this technical field within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A reinforced concrete frame structure assembled with no support or formwork required, comprising a multi-layer building frame layer, characterized in that: The building frame layer includes: frame columns; A load-bearing beam, the load-bearing beam comprising a first prefabricated beam, an end of the first prefabricated beam being fixed to the top of the frame column; A floor decking plate, the floor decking plate being fixed between the two first precast beams; the floor decking plate comprising a plurality of flat plates and at least one rib plate fixed to the bottom surface of the flat plates; A second concrete layer is filled inside the frame column and above the floor deck.

2. The reinforced concrete frame structure for assembly of a support-free and formwork-free composite floor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The frame columns are prefabricated frame columns or cast-in-situ frame columns.

3. The reinforced concrete frame structure for assembly of a support-free and formwork-free composite floor according to claim 2, characterized in that: A corbel is fixedly provided on the top of the frame column; The number of the corbels is two or four; when the number of the corbels is two, the corbels are relatively arranged at the top of the frame column and the top of the corbels is higher than the frame column, and the side of the frame column where the corbels are not arranged extends outward to form a lap platform, and the end of the first prefabricated beam is installed on the lap platform; when the number of the corbels is four, the corbels are arranged around the top of the frame column, one group of relatively arranged corbels has its top flush with the top surface of the frame column, and the other group of relatively arranged corbels has its top higher than the frame column, and the end of the first prefabricated beam is fixed on the corbels flush with the top surface of the frame column.

4. The integral reinforced concrete frame structure of the support-free and formwork-free composite floor according to claim 2 is characterized in that: A column cap is fixedly provided on the top of the frame column, and pads are provided on both sides of the top of the column cap; the end of the first prefabricated beam is installed on the column cap.

5. The reinforced concrete frame structure for assembly of a composite floor without support or formwork according to claim 3, characterized in that: A first vertical steel bar is arranged in the frame column; the frame column is divided into an upper frame column and a lower frame column, the upper frame column and the lower frame column are connected by a mechanical connector, a first concrete layer is poured in the lower frame column, and a first grouting layer is arranged at the connection between the upper frame column and the lower frame column; the mechanical connector includes a steel bar slot, the steel bar slot is located at the top of the first vertical steel bar in the upper frame column and the lower frame column, and a steel bar plug is protruding from the bottom of the first vertical steel bar of the upper frame column, and the steel bar plug is inserted into the steel bar slot located in the lower frame column; a grouting pipe is provided at the bottom of the lower frame column, and the bottom of the grouting pipe is flush with the bottom surface of the upper frame column; an injection pipe and an overflow pipe are protruding from the grouting pipe, and the injection pipe is located above the overflow pipe.

6. The reinforced concrete frame structure for assembly of a composite floor without support or formwork according to claim 5, characterized in that: The load-bearing beam further includes a second prefabricated beam, the end of which is mounted on the corbel that is higher than the top of the frame column; The bottom of the first precast beam is extended to both sides with steps, so that the cross-section of the first precast beam is an inverted T-shape; The multiple ribs are parallel to each other; the bottom surface of the rib is fixed to the top surface of the step, and a partition layer is provided between the rib and the step, and the partition layer includes embedded parts and pads. The multiple embedded parts are divided into two groups, upper and lower, which are respectively embedded in the first prefabricated beam and the rib, and the pad is provided between the two groups of embedded parts; the corners of the floor deck located at the edge are provided with gaps for the first vertical steel bars to pass through.

7. The reinforced concrete frame structure for assembly of a composite floor without support or formwork according to claim 6, characterized in that: The first precast beam and the second precast beam are provided with first transverse steel bars and first stirrups; the first transverse steel bars are located at the bottom of the first precast beam and the second precast beam, and their two ends extend out of the first precast beam and the second precast beam and then bend upward; multiple first stirrups are arranged parallel to each other, and the bottom of the first stirrups is welded and fixed to the first transverse steel bars.

8. The reinforced concrete frame structure for assembly of a support-free and formwork-free composite floor according to claim 7, characterized in that: The edge of the rib plate is provided with a tongue and groove; when the floor deck is installed on the first prefabricated beam, the tongue and groove is adapted to the step.

9. The reinforced concrete frame structure for assembly of a composite floor without support or formwork according to claim 5, characterized in that: The rib plate includes two main panels and two side panels located around the bottom of the flat plate, the main panels are respectively arranged at the front and rear ends of the flat plate, and the side panels are arranged on the left and right sides of the flat plate; the main panels are fixed on the first prefabricated beams, and the bottoms of the side panels located on the outside of the floor decking are installed on the corbels that are higher than the tops of the frame columns; notches are provided at the corners of the floor decking located at the edges for the first vertical steel bars to pass through.

10. The integral reinforced concrete frame structure of the support-free and formwork-free composite floor according to claim 9, characterized in that: The first prefabricated beam is provided with a first transverse steel bar and a second vertical steel bar. The first transverse steel bar is located inside the first prefabricated beam, and its two ends extend out of the first prefabricated beam and then bend upward; the bottoms of multiple second vertical steel bars are welded and fixed to the first transverse steel bar, and their tops extend out of the top of the first prefabricated beam and then bend.

11. The reinforced concrete frame structure for assembly of a composite floor without support or formwork according to claim 9, characterized in that: A second transverse reinforcement and a third vertical reinforcement are provided on adjacent sides of the two flat plates; the second transverse reinforcement is located in the first prefabricated beam, and the top of the third vertical reinforcement extends out of the flat plate, then bends and inserts into the flat plate, forming a triangle with the flat plate.

12. The reinforced concrete frame structure for assembly of a support-free and formwork-free composite floor according to claim 9, characterized in that: The height of the main panel is less than or equal to the height of the side panel.

13. The reinforced concrete frame structure for assembly of a composite floor without support or formwork according to claim 9, characterized in that: Tongues and grooves are provided at both ends of the side panels below two adjacent flat panels.

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