Roadway echelon support deformation monitoring device

Abstract

The utility model discloses a roadway echelon support deformation monitoring device which comprises a roadway side wall, the top of the roadway side wall is provided with a roadway top of an arc-shaped structure, a mounting beam is installed at the joint of the roadway top and a vertical section of the roadway side wall, the whole mounting beam is of an arc-shaped rod structure, and the radian of the mounting beam is consistent with the inner arc structure of the roadway top. An electric control box is installed at the bottom of the left side of the installation beam, an alarm is arranged in the electric control box, and installation mechanisms are installed on the top face of the installation beam at intervals and each composed of a box body, a pressure sensor and a power source. The roadway echelon support deformation monitoring device solves the problem that although an existing device can complete deformation detection in a horizontal state, no corresponding monitoring device is arranged on the top face of a roadway, and the overall safety is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of coal mine tunnel protection, in particular to a tunnel step support deformation monitoring device. Background Art

[0002] Under the action of mine pressure, the deformation of the tunnel surrounding rock is related to its own lithology. The deformation of the coal seam itself is greater than that of the weak rock layer, with a faster deformation rate and a longer duration. The deformation of the weak rock layer is greater than that of the harder rock layer, with a faster deformation rate and a longer duration. The deformation of the hard rock layer is the smallest, with a slower deformation rate and a shorter duration. At the same time, the deformation of the separation layer between the rock layers is related to the strength and stability of each rock layer. The separation layer between the coal seam and the weak rock layer has the largest deformation rate, a faster deformation rate and a longer duration. The separation layer between the weak rock layer has the second largest deformation rate, deformation rate and duration. The separation layer between the hard rock layer has the smallest deformation rate, slow deformation rate and a shorter duration.

[0003] Stepped support means first using anchor rods to build a shell in the shallow surrounding rock of the tunnel roof (first-order support), then using short anchor cables to control the soft coal rock in the middle and lower parts of the roof to form a secondary reinforced anchoring bearing structure (second-order support), and then using long anchor cables to implement overall combined anchoring of the formed second-order anchoring bearing body to the deep coal rock mass in the upper part of the roof (third-order support), so that the weak composite roof tunnel surrounding rock can be anchored in sections in sequence multiple times in the roof rock layer to form a stepped three-dimensional support structure with a combined anchoring effect of a certain thickness and bearing strength, which effectively controls the deformation of the roof surrounding rock. After the support installation is completed, a mortar layer needs to be poured on the top and sides of the tunnel to prevent gravel from falling from the top of the tunnel, and then a monitoring device needs to be installed on the top of the tunnel to monitor the deformation of the tunnel in real time.

[0004] The current tunnel deformation monitoring device generally consists of a laser transmitter, a target, a background processing terminal, and an alarm terminal. The principle is to fix the transmitter and the target of the device at different positions in the tunnel, where the angle of the transmitter can be horizontal or tilted. The horizontal laser points to the target on the side wall of the tunnel, which can monitor both sides of the tunnel. The tilted laser points to the target set at the top of the tunnel, which can monitor the top of the tunnel. The laser is emitted to the target through the transmitter, and a photosensitive element is set on the target. In the initial state, the laser irradiates the center of the target. When the tunnel is displaced and deformed, the deformation rate at different positions of the tunnel is inconsistent, causing the laser irradiation direction to deviate from the target center. Although this method can complete deformation detection in the horizontal state, no corresponding monitoring device is set for the tunnel top surface, which reduces overall safety.

[0005] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a tunnel graded support deformation monitoring device to solve the above technical problems. Utility Model Content

[0006] In view of the above situation, in order to overcome the defects of the existing technology, the utility model provides a tunnel step support deformation monitoring device to solve the problem that although the current device can complete the deformation detection in the horizontal state, no corresponding monitoring device is set for the tunnel top surface, which reduces the overall safety.

[0007] In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical solution adopted by the present utility model is as follows:

[0008] A tunnel step support deformation monitoring device includes: a tunnel sidewall;

[0009] The top of the tunnel side wall has an arc-shaped tunnel top, and a mounting beam is installed at the connection between the tunnel top and the vertical section of the tunnel side wall. The mounting beam is an arc-shaped rod structure as a whole, and its curvature is consistent with the inner arc structure of the tunnel top. An electric control box is installed at the bottom left side of the mounting beam, and the electric control box has a built-in alarm. The top surface of the mounting beam is installed with mounting mechanisms at intervals. The mounting mechanism consists of a box body and a pressure sensor. A mounting hole is opened at the center of the top surface of the box body, and a pressure sensor is installed on the inner top surface of the box body. The pressure sensors are placed on both sides of the mounting hole, and the inside of the box body is connected to the monitoring mechanism.

[0010] In one embodiment, a limiting tube is installed on the top surface of the mounting hole of the box body.

[0011] In one embodiment, the mounting mechanisms and monitoring mechanisms are arranged in multiple groups at intervals, and the mounting mechanisms and monitoring mechanisms at corresponding positions are angle-adjusted to adapt to the curvature changes of the mounting beam and the tunnel top surface.

[0012] In one embodiment, the monitoring mechanism consists of a steel rope, a contact plate, a mounting head, a connecting plate, a fixed shaft, a screw plate, a top plate, and a tie rod. The tie rod is inserted into the top of the tunnel, and a top plate is installed on the bottom surface of the tie rod, and the top plate is abutted against the screw plate below. Threaded holes are provided on both sides of the screw plate and the top plate, and the screw plate is fixedly connected to the tie rod and the top plate by installing fixing bolts in the threaded holes of the screw plate and the top plate. A connecting plate is installed on the bottom surface of the screw plate, and two connecting plates are arranged at intervals. A fixed shaft is installed between the two connecting plates, and a mounting head is sleeved on the fixed shaft. The mounting head is a steel rope wrapped in an annular rope loop with the end welded. Below the mounting head is a steel rope made integral with it, and the bottom end of the steel rope passes through the limit tube and is welded to the top surface of the contact plate, and the top surfaces on both sides of the contact plate abut against the trigger end of the pressure sensor.

[0013] In one embodiment, a laser rangefinder is installed inside the side wall of the tunnel, a test target corresponding to the laser rangefinder is installed on the inner wall of the side wall of the tunnel, a photosensitive sensor is installed on the opposite side of the test target, the laser rangefinder is installed through a base, and a control box is installed at the rear end of the laser rangefinder.

[0014] The beneficial effects of the utility model are as follows:

[0015] (1) The utility model has multiple groups of installation mechanisms and monitoring mechanisms arranged at intervals. The installation mechanisms and monitoring mechanisms at corresponding positions are all adjusted in angle to adapt to the curvature changes of the installation beam and the top surface of the tunnel. Multiple groups of installation mechanisms and monitoring mechanisms can complete deformation monitoring of different surfaces. If deformation occurs, the slope and other changes will appear around the deformation point accordingly. The actual number of installation mechanisms and monitoring mechanisms is adjusted according to the width of the tunnel.

[0016] (2) The utility model measures the distance between the top of the tunnel and the inside of the box in advance, cuts off the steel rope of corresponding length, installs the tie rod into the inside of the tunnel top, and installs the fixing bolts in the threaded holes of the screw plate and the top plate to fix the screw plate to the tie rod and the top plate. After cutting off the steel rope of corresponding length, the top end of the steel rope is wrapped around the fixed shaft and welded to the rope body of the steel rope to form an installation head. Since the length of the steel rope is measured and cut off in advance, the steel rope is in a taut state after installation, so that the contact plate can abut against the pressure sensor to form an initial pressure value. If deformation occurs, the tunnel top deforms downward, so that the height of the tie rod and the steel rope decreases, and the steel rope is no longer in a taut state. The contact surface between the contact plate and the pressure sensor gradually separates, so that the value of the pressure sensor changes, and the pressure sensor transmits the signal to the electric control box to issue an alarm. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 This is a detailed cross-sectional view of the overall structure of the utility model;

[0018] Figure 2 This is a detailed diagram of the top protection component of the utility model;

[0019] Figure 3 This is a detailed diagram of the installation mechanism and monitoring mechanism of the utility model.

[0020] Among them, the names corresponding to the figure marks are: tunnel side wall 1, tunnel top 2, mounting beam 3, mounting mechanism 5, box body 51, pressure sensor 52, limiting tube 53, monitoring mechanism 6, steel rope 61, contact plate 62, mounting head 63, connecting plate 64, fixed shaft 65, screw plate 66, top plate 67, tie rod 68, laser rangefinder 7, test target 71, base 72, control box 73. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. The present invention includes but is not limited to the following embodiments.

[0022] like Figure 1-Figure 2 As shown, the present invention provides a tunnel step support deformation monitoring device, comprising: a tunnel side wall 1, a tunnel top 2, a mounting beam 3, and a mounting mechanism 5;

[0023] like Figure 1-Figure 3 As shown, the top of the tunnel side wall 1 has a tunnel top 2 with an arc-shaped structure, and a mounting beam 3 is installed at the connection between the tunnel top 2 and the vertical section of the tunnel side wall 1. The mounting beam 3 is an overall arc-shaped rod structure, and its curvature is consistent with the inner arc structure of the tunnel top 2. An electric control box 4 is installed at the bottom left of the mounting beam 3, and the electric control box 4 has a built-in alarm. The top surface of the mounting beam 3 is installed with a mounting mechanism 5 at intervals, and the mounting mechanism 5 consists of a box body 51 and a pressure sensor 52. A mounting hole is opened at the center of the top surface of the box body 51, and a pressure sensor 52 is installed on the inner top surface of the box body 51. The pressure sensor 52 is placed on both sides of the mounting hole, and the inside of the box body 51 is connected to the monitoring mechanism 6. The monitoring mechanism 6 is in contact with the pressure sensor 52, prompting changes in the pressure value for real-time monitoring.

[0024] Preferably, in one embodiment, Figure 1-Figure 3 As shown, a limiting tube 53 is installed on the top surface of the mounting hole of the box body 51.

[0025] Preferably, in one embodiment, Figure 2-Figure 3 As shown, the mounting mechanisms 5 and monitoring mechanisms 6 are arranged in multiple groups at intervals, and the mounting mechanisms 5 and monitoring mechanisms 6 at corresponding positions are all adjusted in angle to adapt to the curvature changes of the mounting beam 3 and the tunnel top surface 2. Multiple groups of mounting mechanisms 5 and monitoring mechanisms 6 can complete deformation monitoring of different surfaces. If deformation occurs, the slope and other changes will appear accordingly around the deformation point. The actual number of mounting mechanisms 5 and monitoring mechanisms 6 to be installed is adjusted according to the width of the tunnel.

[0026] Preferably, in one embodiment, Figure 3As shown, the monitoring mechanism 6 is composed of a steel rope 61, a contact plate 62, a mounting head 63, a connecting plate 64, a fixed shaft 65, a screw plate 66, a top plate 67, and a tie rod 68. The tie rod 68 is inserted into the interior of the tunnel top 2, and a top plate 67 is installed on the bottom surface of the tie rod 68. The top plate 67 is arranged in contact with the screw plate 66 below. Threaded holes are provided on both sides of the screw plate 66 and the top plate 67. By installing fixing bolts in the threaded holes of the screw plate 66 and the top plate 67, the screw plate 66 is fixed to the tie rod 68 and the top plate 67. Fixed connection, the bottom surface of the screw plate 66 is installed with a connecting plate 64, and the connecting plates 64 are arranged at intervals. A fixed shaft 65 is installed between the two connecting plates 64. The fixed shaft 65 is provided with a mounting head 63. The mounting head 63 is a steel rope wound in an annular rope loop, and the end is welded. Below the mounting head 63 is a steel rope 61 made integrally with it. The bottom end of the steel rope 61 passes through the limit tube 53 and is welded to the top surface of the contact plate 62. The top surfaces of both sides of the contact plate 62 are in contact with the trigger end of the pressure sensor 52. During operation, by measuring the distance between the tunnel top 2 and the inside of the box body 51 in advance, cut off the steel rope 61 of the corresponding length, install the tie rod 68 into the inside of the tunnel top 2, and install the fixing bolts in the threaded holes of the screw plate 66 and the top plate 67 to fix the screw plate 66 with the tie rod 68 and the top plate 67. After cutting off the steel rope 61 of the corresponding length, the top of the steel rope 61 is wrapped around the fixed shaft 65 and welded to the rope body of the steel rope 61 to form the installation head 63. Since the length of the steel rope 61 is measured and cut off in advance, the steel rope 61 After installation is completed, it is in a taut state, so that the contact plate 62 can abut against the pressure sensor 52 to form an initial pressure value. If deformation occurs, the tunnel top 2 will deform downward, causing the height of the tie rod 68 and the steel rope 61 to drop, and the steel rope 61 is no longer in a taut state. The contact surface between the contact plate 62 and the pressure sensor 52 gradually separates, causing the value of the pressure sensor 52 to change, and then the pressure sensor 52 transmits the signal to the electric control box 4 to issue an alarm. The setting of the limit tube 53 helps to limit the steel rope 61.

[0027] Preferably, in one embodiment, Figure 1 As shown, a laser rangefinder 7 is installed inside the tunnel sidewall 1, and a test target 71 corresponding to the laser rangefinder 7 is installed on the inner wall of the tunnel sidewall 1. A photosensitive sensor is installed on the opposite surface of the test target 71. The laser rangefinder 7 is installed through a base 72, and a control box 73 is installed at the rear end of the laser rangefinder 7. The deformation of the tunnel sidewall 1 is monitored by the arrangement of the laser rangefinder 7 and the test target 71.

[0028] Working principle of this utility model:

[0029] During operation, by measuring the distance between the tunnel top 2 and the inside of the box body 51 in advance, cutting the steel rope 61 of the corresponding length, installing the tie rod 68 into the inside of the tunnel top 2, and installing the fixing bolts in the threaded holes of the screw plate 66 and the top plate 67, the screw plate 66 is fixedly connected with the tie rod 68 and the top plate 67. After cutting the steel rope 61 of the corresponding length, the top of the steel rope 61 is wrapped around the fixed shaft 65 and welded to the rope body of the steel rope 61 to form the installation head 63. Since the length of the steel rope 61 is measured and cut in advance, the steel rope 61 is fixed in the After installation, it is in a taut state, so that the contact plate 62 can abut against the pressure sensor 52 to form an initial pressure value. If deformation occurs, the tunnel top 2 will deform downward, causing the height of the tie rod 68 and the steel rope 61 to drop, and the steel rope 61 is no longer in a taut state. The contact surface between the contact plate 62 and the pressure sensor 52 gradually separates, causing the value of the pressure sensor 52 to change, and then the pressure sensor 52 transmits the signal to the electric control box 4 to issue an alarm. The setting of the limit tube 53 helps to limit the steel rope 61.

[0030] The above embodiment is only one of the preferred implementation methods of the present invention and should not be used to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Any changes or modifications that have no substantive meaning made to the main design concept and spirit of the present invention, as long as the technical problems they solve are still consistent with the present invention, should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A tunnel graded support deformation monitoring device, characterized in that: include: tunnel sidewalls; The top of the tunnel side wall has an arc-shaped tunnel top, and a mounting beam is installed at the connection between the tunnel top and the vertical section of the tunnel side wall. The mounting beam is an arc-shaped rod structure as a whole, and its curvature is consistent with the inner arc structure of the tunnel top. An electric control box is installed at the bottom left side of the mounting beam, and the electric control box has a built-in alarm. The top surface of the mounting beam is installed with mounting mechanisms at intervals. The mounting mechanism consists of a box body and a pressure sensor. A mounting hole is opened at the center of the top surface of the box body, and a pressure sensor is installed on the inner top surface of the box body. The pressure sensors are placed on both sides of the mounting hole, and the inside of the box body is connected to the monitoring mechanism.

2. The tunnel graded support deformation monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A limiting tube is installed on the top surface of the installation hole of the box body.

3. The tunnel graded support deformation monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The installation mechanisms and monitoring mechanisms are arranged in multiple groups at intervals, and the installation mechanisms and monitoring mechanisms at corresponding positions are all adjusted in angle to adapt to the curvature changes of the installation beam and the tunnel top surface.

4. The tunnel graded support deformation monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The monitoring mechanism consists of a steel rope, a contact plate, a mounting head, a connecting plate, a fixed shaft, a screw plate, a top plate, and a tie rod. The tie rod is inserted into the top of the tunnel, and a top plate is installed on the bottom surface of the tie rod. The top plate is abutted against the screw plate below. Threaded holes are provided on both sides of the screw plate and the top plate. The screw plate is fixedly connected to the tie rod and the top plate by installing fixing bolts in the threaded holes of the screw plate and the top plate. A connecting plate is installed on the bottom surface of the screw plate. Two connecting plates are arranged at intervals. A fixed shaft is installed between the two connecting plates. A mounting head is sleeved on the fixed shaft. The mounting head is a steel rope wrapped in an annular rope loop with the end welded. Below the mounting head is a steel rope made integral with it. The bottom end of the steel rope passes through the limit tube and is welded to the top surface of the contact plate. The top surfaces on both sides of the contact plate abut against the trigger end of the pressure sensor.

5. The tunnel graded support deformation monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A laser rangefinder is installed inside the side wall of the tunnel, a test target corresponding to the laser rangefinder is installed on the inner wall of the side wall of the tunnel, a photosensitive sensor is installed on the opposite side of the test target, the laser rangefinder is installed through a base, and a control box is installed at the rear end of the laser rangefinder.

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