Fin cold plate with uniform heat dissipation and air-cooled electric box
By adding a heat dissipation buffer layer on the fin cold plate and adjusting the fin density, the problem of large temperature difference of the battery cell is solved, cost and process complexity are reduced, and the temperature of the battery cell is uniformly distributed.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202422365844.8
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-09-27
- Publication Date
- 2025-08-15
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-09-27
AI Technical Summary
The existing fin cold plate design has shortcomings in achieving uniform heat dissipation, resulting in large temperature difference between the battery cell and high manufacturing cost and process complexity.
A heat dissipation buffer layer is used to add a heat dissipation buffer layer on the body of the fin cold plate. The design is that the length of the heat dissipation buffer zone on both sides of the edge is greater than the middle, and the fin density is adjusted proportionally. A plastic material such as a polyurethane coating is used, with a thickness less than 0.5mm and a thermal conductivity less than 0.3W/m*K.
The uniform distribution of the temperature of the battery cell is achieved, reducing the manufacturing cost and manufacturing difficulty, while maintaining the overall heat dissipation rate, avoiding excessive temperature difference between the battery cells.
Smart Images
Figure CN223231484U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model relates to the field of air-cooling and heat dissipation of energy storage electric boxes, in particular to a fin cold plate with uniform heat dissipation and an air-cooling electric box. Background Art
[0002] Currently, most air-cooled energy storage boxes utilize finned cold plates to dissipate heat from the battery modules. Therefore, these cold plates must fulfill two primary functions: 1. Achieve high heat dissipation performance to meet the cooling requirements of the battery cells during charge and discharge conditions, by exchanging heat with the flowing air through the increased area of the fins. Fin number and height are key parameters; 2. Achieve balanced heat dissipation among the battery cells within the box, avoiding large temperature differences between individual cells within the box due to poor or superior local heat dissipation. These requirements, especially the need for balanced heat dissipation, make cold plate fin design particularly important, leading to specific requirements for fin size and shape.
[0003] like Figure 3 As shown in the figure, a 4-fin cold plate is designed, and the fin heat dissipation area corresponding to each position of the module is the same, that is, the number (density) and fin height of the fins are the same. Then, the temperature distribution and temperature difference of each battery cell in the electric box will be affected by the temperature along the cooling air, and will also be affected by the different natural heat dissipation coefficients of the middle module and the edge module to the environment. The temperature heat dissipation condition of the battery cell at the front end of the edge module is the best and the temperature is the lowest, while the heat dissipation condition of the battery cell at the rear end of the middle module is the worst and the temperature is the highest. Therefore, the global battery cell temperature difference is large, and the battery cell temperature difference will exceed 7°C.
[0004] Therefore, when considering the design of finned cold plates, the current common solution is to design the finned cold plates with stepped heights, that is, from the front end to the rear end of the module, along the direction of the cooling air, the fin height increases step by step; secondly, the number of cold plate fins on both sides of the edge is between 1 / 2 and 2 / 3 of the number of fins in the middle cold plate, and the bottom air cooling capacity is proportional to the number of fins. The above design solves the problem. Figure 3 However, the special design of the fin cold plate requires more manufacturing processes and molds, with one set of molds on both sides of the edge and another set of molds in the middle part. In addition, in order to achieve the stepped fin height, the milling process needs to be added, which increases the overall cost of the fin cold plate. Utility Model Content
[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the utility model is to design a fin cold plate with uniform heat dissipation, taking into account the uniform heat dissipation performance while meeting the requirements of practicality and flexibility, and reducing the manufacturing cost and difficulty.
[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solutions adopted by the present invention are as follows: First, the present invention provides a fin cold plate with uniform heat dissipation, comprising a fin cold plate body and a heat dissipation buffer layer;
[0007] The heat dissipation buffer layer is bonded to the fin area of the fin cold plate body;
[0008] The heat dissipation buffer layer has the same width as the fin cold plate body, and the area of the heat dissipation buffer layer is less than half the area of the fin cold plate body;
[0009] The length of the first heat dissipation buffer zone on both sides of the edge of the heat dissipation buffer layer along the air cooling air inlet direction is greater than the length of the second heat dissipation buffer zone in the middle.
[0010] Furthermore, the fin density of the first portion of the first heat dissipation buffer zone is equal to the fin density of the second heat dissipation buffer zone, and the fin density of the second portion of the first heat dissipation buffer zone is half of the fin density of the second heat dissipation buffer zone;
[0011] The first portion is a portion of the first heat dissipation buffer zone and the second heat dissipation buffer zone having the same length along the air cooling air inlet direction;
[0012] The second portion is a portion where the length of the first heat dissipation buffer zone along the cooling air inlet direction exceeds that of the second heat dissipation buffer zone.
[0013] Furthermore, the fin density of the first heat dissipation buffer zone is equal to that of the second heat dissipation buffer zone.
[0014] Furthermore, the finned cold plate body is a uniform finned cold plate that is symmetrical front to back and has consistent height.
[0015] Furthermore, the heat dissipation buffer layer is made of plastic material.
[0016] Furthermore, the heat dissipation buffer layer is a thermal insulation spray coating, including a polyurethane coating.
[0017] Furthermore, the thickness of the heat dissipation buffer layer is less than 0.5 mm.
[0018] Furthermore, the thermal conductivity of the heat dissipation buffer layer is lower than 0.3 W / m*K.
[0019] In a second aspect, the present invention further provides an air-cooled electric box, comprising a battery module, an electric box upper cover, a thermally conductive structural adhesive, and a finned cold plate, wherein the finned cold plate is the above-mentioned finned cold plate with uniform heat dissipation;
[0020] The fin cold plate is fixed to the battery module via the thermally conductive structural adhesive;
[0021] The fin cold plate is fixedly connected to the battery upper cover, and the battery module is located in an accommodating space formed by the fin cold plate and the battery upper cover.
[0022] Furthermore, the battery module includes a preset number of rows of battery cells, and the heat dissipation buffer layer covers the bottoms of a preset proportion of battery cells at the front end of the battery module, and the preset proportion is [1 / 4, 5 / 12].
[0023] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: under the premise of not affecting the overall heat dissipation rate, by adding a heat dissipation buffer layer to the fin cold plate area corresponding to the battery cell whose original heat dissipation condition of the fin cold plate body is higher than the average value, the problem of heat dissipation uniformity of the air-cooled electric box is effectively solved, and the situation of large temperature difference of each battery cell in the electric box caused by uneven heat dissipation is avoided; at the same time, the design of adding a heat dissipation buffer layer instead of a special shape cold plate reduces the need for more manufacturing processes and molds, thereby reducing the overall cost; and the heat dissipation buffer layer can be designed with different shielding areas and thicknesses, and cooperates with the fin cold plate, which is more convenient and flexible to use. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0024] Figure 1 This is a structural schematic diagram of a heat dissipation buffer layer of a fin cold plate with uniform heat dissipation according to an embodiment of the present invention;
[0025] Figure 2 This is a schematic structural diagram of a heat dissipation buffer layer of another fin cold plate with uniform heat dissipation according to an embodiment of the present invention;
[0026] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the fin cold plate body structure of a fin cold plate with uniform heat dissipation according to an embodiment of the utility model;
[0027] Figure 4 This is a schematic structural diagram of a fin region of a fin cold plate with uniform heat dissipation according to an embodiment of the present invention;
[0028] Figure 5 This is an exploded view of an air-cooled electric box according to an embodiment of the present utility model;
[0029] Figure 6 This is a bottom schematic diagram of an air-cooled electric box according to an embodiment of the present utility model;
[0030] Description of labels:
[0031] 1. heat dissipation buffer layer; 11. first heat dissipation buffer zone; 12. second heat dissipation buffer zone;
[0032] 2. Electric box cover; 3. Battery module 4. Thermal conductive structural adhesive;
[0033] 5. Fin cold plate body; 6. Fin area. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0034] In order to explain the technical content, achieved objectives and effects of the present invention in detail, the following description is given in conjunction with the embodiments and the accompanying drawings.
[0035] Please refer to Figures 1 to 6 , the utility model provides a technical solution: a fin cold plate with uniform heat dissipation, comprising a fin cold plate body and a heat dissipation buffer layer;
[0036] The heat dissipation buffer layer is bonded to the fin area of the fin cold plate body;
[0037] The heat dissipation buffer layer has the same width as the fin cold plate body, and the area of the heat dissipation buffer layer is less than half the area of the fin cold plate body;
[0038] The length of the first heat dissipation buffer zone on both sides of the edge of the heat dissipation buffer layer along the air cooling air inlet direction is greater than the length of the second heat dissipation buffer zone in the middle.
[0039] From the above description, it can be seen that the beneficial effect of the present invention is that: without affecting the overall heat dissipation rate, by adding a heat dissipation buffer layer to the fin cold plate area corresponding to the battery cell whose original heat dissipation condition of the fin cold plate body is higher than the average value, the problem of heat dissipation uniformity of the air-cooled electric box is effectively solved, and the situation of large temperature difference between the battery cells in the electric box due to uneven heat dissipation is avoided; at the same time, the design of adding a heat dissipation buffer layer instead of a special shape cold plate reduces the need for more manufacturing processes and molds, thereby reducing the overall cost; and the heat dissipation buffer layer can be designed with different shielding areas and thicknesses, and cooperated with the fin cold plate, which is more convenient and flexible to use.
[0040] Furthermore, the fin density of the first portion of the first heat dissipation buffer zone is equal to the fin density of the second heat dissipation buffer zone, and the fin density of the second portion of the first heat dissipation buffer zone is half of the fin density of the second heat dissipation buffer zone;
[0041] The first portion is a portion of the first heat dissipation buffer zone and the second heat dissipation buffer zone having the same length along the air cooling air inlet direction;
[0042] The second portion is a portion where the length of the first heat dissipation buffer zone along the cooling air inlet direction exceeds that of the second heat dissipation buffer zone.
[0043] From the above description, it can be seen that the first heat dissipation buffer zone is divided into two parts, the first part and the second part. The fin density of the two parts is different. The fin density of the first part is equal to the fin density of the second heat dissipation buffer zone, which reduces the heat exchange capacity of the front area of the front fin cold plate and keeps its heat exchange capacity roughly consistent with the middle and rear parts; the fin density of the second part is half of that of the second heat dissipation buffer zone, which increases the thermal resistance of the edge parts on both sides of the front middle part of the fin cold plate, reduces the corresponding heat exchange capacity, and balances the heat dissipation capacity between the middle edge and the center, thereby reducing the temperature difference.
[0044] Furthermore, the fin density of the first heat dissipation buffer zone is equal to that of the second heat dissipation buffer zone.
[0045] As can be seen from the above description, there is no difference in the fin density of the first heat dissipation buffer zone and the second heat dissipation buffer zone, which improves manufacturing feasibility while also taking into account the uniformity of heat dissipation, so that the temperature of the battery core can be evenly distributed.
[0046] Furthermore, the finned cold plate body is a uniform finned cold plate that is symmetrical front to back and has consistent height.
[0047] From the above description, it can be seen that the use of a uniform fin cold plate with front-to-back symmetry and high consistency in combination with a heat dissipation buffer layer, compared with other fin cold plates with uneven fin arrangement, can achieve balanced heat dissipation of each battery cell in the electric box while reducing production costs and manufacturing difficulty.
[0048] Furthermore, the heat dissipation buffer layer is made of plastic material.
[0049] From the above description, it can be seen that a heat dissipation buffer layer with relatively small thermal resistance is added under the fin cold plate using plastic material to reduce the heat exchange capacity of the corresponding area. In conjunction with the fin cold plate, a heat dissipation buffer layer is added to the battery cell area where the heat dissipation conditions are originally higher than the average, thereby achieving balanced heat dissipation of each battery cell.
[0050] Furthermore, the heat dissipation buffer layer is a thermal insulation spray coating, including a polyurethane coating.
[0051] From the above description, it can be seen that the polyurethane coating is used as the heat dissipation buffer layer of the fin cold plate, which has good wear resistance, adhesion, high temperature resistance, low temperature resistance, etc., and can be stably attached to the fin cold plate to achieve balanced heat dissipation of each battery cell.
[0052] Furthermore, the thickness of the heat dissipation buffer layer is less than 0.5 mm.
[0053] As can be seen from the above description, the thickness of the heat dissipation buffer layer affects the thermal resistance, which in turn affects the heat transfer capacity of the corresponding area and the temperature distribution of the battery cell. A thicker coating increases the thermal resistance, further reducing the heat transfer capacity, thereby providing a greater buffering effect on the heat dissipation of the battery cell. A thinner coating may have a relatively lower thermal resistance and a relatively smaller impact on the heat transfer capacity. A heat dissipation buffer layer thickness of less than 0.5mm effectively achieves uniform heat dissipation across the battery cells, avoiding excessive thickness that may cause the heat dissipation performance of some battery cells to be below average, resulting in a larger temperature difference across the battery cells.
[0054] Furthermore, the thermal conductivity of the heat dissipation buffer layer is lower than 0.3 W / m*K.
[0055] From the above description, it can be seen that the thermal conductivity coefficient of the heat dissipation buffer layer material is lower than 0.3W / mK, that is, the thermal conductivity of the material is poor, which can effectively reduce the transfer of heat, enable the heat dissipation buffer layer to better play its role, reduce the heat exchange capacity of the corresponding area, thereby achieving a reasonable distribution of the battery cell temperature uniformity and reducing the battery cell temperature difference.
[0056] On the other hand, the utility model provides an air-cooled electric box, comprising a battery module, an electric box upper cover, a heat-conducting structural adhesive and a fin cold plate, wherein the fin cold plate is a fin cold plate with uniform heat dissipation as described above;
[0057] The fin cold plate is fixed to the battery module via the thermally conductive structural adhesive;
[0058] The fin cold plate is fixedly connected to the battery upper cover, and the battery module is located in an accommodating space formed by the fin cold plate and the battery upper cover.
[0059] From the above description, it can be seen that, under the premise of not affecting the overall heat dissipation rate, by adding a heat dissipation buffer layer to the fin cold plate area corresponding to the battery cell where the original heat dissipation condition of the fin cold plate body is higher than the average value, the problem of heat dissipation uniformity of the air-cooled electric box is effectively solved, and the large temperature difference of each battery cell in the electric box caused by uneven heat dissipation is avoided; at the same time, the design of adding a heat dissipation buffer layer instead of a specially shaped cold plate reduces the need for more manufacturing processes and molds, thereby reducing the overall cost; and the heat dissipation buffer layer can be designed with different shielding areas and thicknesses, and cooperates with the fin cold plate, which is more convenient and flexible to use.
[0060] Furthermore, the battery module includes a preset number of rows of battery cells, and the heat dissipation buffer layer covers the bottoms of a preset proportion of battery cells at the front end of the battery module, and the preset proportion is [1 / 4, 5 / 12].
[0061] From the above description, it can be seen that the cooling air temperature corresponding to the front end of the module is the lowest and the heat dissipation conditions are better. By adding a heat dissipation buffer layer, the heat dissipation conditions of the front-end battery cells can be more balanced with the battery cells in other positions, thereby reducing the temperature difference of the global battery cells and achieving a reasonable distribution of battery cell temperature uniformity.
[0062] The utility model provides a fin cold plate with uniform heat dissipation and an air-cooled electric box, which are suitable for uniform heat dissipation of battery modules and reduce the temperature difference between battery cells.
[0063] Please refer to Figure 1 、 Figure 3 、 Figure 4 and Figure 6, Embodiment 1 of the present invention is: a fin cold plate with uniform heat dissipation, comprising a fin cold plate body 5 and a heat dissipation buffer layer 1, the heat dissipation buffer layer 1 is in contact with the fin area 6 of the fin cold plate body 5, the heat dissipation buffer layer 1 is equal to the width of the fin cold plate body 5, and the area of the heat dissipation buffer layer 1 is less than half the area of the fin cold plate body 5; the length of the first heat dissipation buffer zone 11 on both sides of the edge of the heat dissipation buffer layer 1 along the air inlet direction is greater than the length of the second heat dissipation buffer zone 12 in the middle.
[0064] Among them, the air cooling system mainly includes an air conditioner and a fan, and the air cooling air inlet direction is the air conditioning air flow direction (from left to right).
[0065] In this embodiment, the finned cold plate body 5 is a uniform finned cold plate that is symmetrical front to back and has a consistent height.
[0066] Optionally, the length of the first heat dissipation buffer zone 11 on both sides of the edge of the heat dissipation buffer layer 1 along the air cooling air inlet direction is greater than the length of the second heat dissipation buffer zone 12 in the middle, and the fin density of the first heat dissipation buffer zone 11 and the second heat dissipation buffer zone 12 can be equal.
[0067] In this embodiment, the heat dissipation buffer layer 1 is a plastic material, including a PC sheet and an epoxy resin sheet, wherein the plastic material refers to a material that undergoes significant deformation without being destroyed under the action of an external force. In other equivalent embodiments, the heat dissipation buffer layer 1 may also be a heat insulation spray, including a polyurethane coating.
[0068] The thickness of the heat dissipation buffer layer 1 is generally less than 0.5 mm, and the thermal conductivity of the corresponding material is lower than 0.3 W / m*K.
[0069] Please refer to Figure 2 and Figure 4 , the second embodiment of the present utility model is:
[0070] Based on the first embodiment, the fin density of the first part of the first heat dissipation buffer area 11 is equal to the fin density of the second heat dissipation buffer area 12 , and the fin density of the second part of the first heat dissipation buffer area 11 is half of the fin density of the second heat dissipation buffer area 12 .
[0071] The first portion is a portion where the first heat dissipation buffer zone 11 and the second heat dissipation buffer zone 12 have the same length along the air cooling air inlet direction;
[0072] The second portion is a portion where the length of the first heat dissipation buffer area 11 along the cooling air inlet direction exceeds the second heat dissipation buffer area 12 .
[0073] Please refer to Figure 1 、 Figure 5 and Figure 6, the third embodiment of the present utility model is:
[0074] A fan-cooled electric box includes a battery module 3, an electric box upper cover 2, a thermally conductive structural adhesive 4 and a fin cold plate. The fin cold plate is a fin cold plate with uniform heat dissipation described in Example 1, including a fin cold plate body 5 and a heat dissipation buffer layer 1; the fin cold plate body 5 is fixed to the battery module 3 through the thermally conductive structural adhesive 4; the fin cold plate body 5 is fixedly connected to the electric box upper cover 2, and the battery module 3 is located in the accommodation space formed by the fin cold plate body 5 and the electric box upper cover 2.
[0075] In this embodiment, the battery module 3 includes a preset number of rows of battery cells, and the heat dissipation buffer layer 1 covers the bottom of a preset proportion of battery cells at the front end of the battery module 3, wherein the preset proportion is [1 / 4, 5 / 12].
[0076] In this embodiment, the battery module 3 is preset with 12 rows of battery cells, so the heat dissipation buffer layer 1 needs to roughly cover the bottom of the front 3-5 rows of battery cells of the battery module 3, that is, cover the fin area 6 corresponding to the fin cold plate body 5 at the bottom of the front 3-5 rows of battery cells.
[0077] Among them, the heat dissipation path of the battery module 3 is: from the heat generating body inside the lithium battery to the bottom of the battery cell shell, then to the thermal conductive structural glue 4, then to the fin cold plate body 5, and finally to heat exchange through the circulating air in the battery compartment.
[0078] like Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown (from left to right is the direction of air conditioning air flow), the lithium battery does not directly contact the cooling air and conduct heat convection, but first conducts heat through the bottom surface and the fin cold plate body 5 below, and then exchanges heat with the circulating air in the battery compartment (mainly from the air conditioner).
[0079] In this embodiment, the heat dissipation buffer layer 1 attached to the bottom of the fin cold plate body 5 increases the thermal resistance of the battery cells at the front end of the battery module 3, avoiding the situation where the cooling air first passes through the front end of the battery module 3 and exchanges heat with the fin cold plate body 5. After the cooling air temperature is increased, it flows through the rear end of the battery module 3 and continues to exchange heat with the fin cold plate body 5, resulting in the cooling air temperature corresponding to the front end of the battery module 3 being the lowest, the cooling air temperature corresponding to the rear end of the battery module 3 being the highest, and the cooling air temperature corresponding to the middle of the battery module 3 being in the middle, that is, the temperature distribution gradient of the cooling air along the way is large; this balances the influence of the different natural heat dissipation coefficients of the middle and edge of the battery module 3 on the environment.
[0080] To sum up, the utility model provides a fin cold plate and air-cooled electric box with uniform heat dissipation. Under the premise of not affecting the overall heat dissipation rate, a heat dissipation buffer layer is added to the fin cold plate area corresponding to the battery cell whose original heat dissipation condition of the fin cold plate body is higher than the average value, thereby effectively solving the problem of heat dissipation uniformity of the air-cooled electric box and avoiding the large temperature difference of each battery cell in the electric box due to uneven heat dissipation. At the same time, the design of adding a heat dissipation buffer layer instead of a special shape cold plate reduces the need for more manufacturing processes and molds, thereby reducing the overall cost. Moreover, the heat dissipation buffer layer can be designed with the shape and thickness of different shielding areas, and cooperates with the fin cold plate, which is more convenient and flexible to use.
[0081] The above description is merely an embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the patent scope of the present invention. Any equivalent transformations made using the contents of the description and drawings of the present invention, or directly or indirectly applied in the relevant technical field, are also included in the patent protection scope of the present invention.
Claims
1. A finned cold plate with uniform heat dissipation, characterized in that: It includes a fin cold plate body and a heat dissipation buffer layer; The heat dissipation buffer layer is bonded to the fin area of the fin cold plate body; The heat dissipation buffer layer has the same width as the fin cold plate body, and the area of the heat dissipation buffer layer is less than half the area of the fin cold plate body; The length of the first heat dissipation buffer zone on both sides of the edge of the heat dissipation buffer layer along the air cooling air inlet direction is greater than the length of the second heat dissipation buffer zone in the middle.
2. The finned cold plate with uniform heat dissipation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fin density of the first portion of the first heat dissipation buffer zone is equal to the fin density of the second heat dissipation buffer zone, and the fin density of the second portion of the first heat dissipation buffer zone is half of the fin density of the second heat dissipation buffer zone; The first portion is a portion of the first heat dissipation buffer zone and the second heat dissipation buffer zone having the same length along the air cooling air inlet direction; The second portion is a portion where the length of the first heat dissipation buffer zone along the cooling air inlet direction exceeds that of the second heat dissipation buffer zone.
3. The finned cold plate with uniform heat dissipation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fin density of the first heat dissipation buffer zone is equal to that of the second heat dissipation buffer zone.
4. The finned cold plate with uniform heat dissipation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The finned cold plate body is a uniform finned cold plate that is symmetrical front to back and has the same height.
5. The finned cold plate with uniform heat dissipation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heat dissipation buffer layer is made of plastic material.
6. The finned cold plate with uniform heat dissipation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heat dissipation buffer layer is a thermal insulation spray coating, including a polyurethane coating.
7. The finned cold plate with uniform heat dissipation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thickness of the heat dissipation buffer layer is less than 0.5 mm.
8. The fin cold plate with uniform heat dissipation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thermal conductivity of the heat dissipation buffer layer is lower than .
9. An air-cooled electric box, characterized in that: It includes a battery module, an electrical box cover, a heat-conducting structural adhesive and a fin cold plate, wherein the fin cold plate is a fin cold plate with uniform heat dissipation according to any one of claims 1 to 8; The fin cold plate is fixed to the battery module via the thermally conductive structural adhesive; The fin cold plate is fixedly connected to the upper cover of the electric box, and the battery module is located in an accommodating space formed by the fin cold plate and the upper cover of the electric box.
10. The air-cooled electric box according to claim 9, characterized in that: The battery module includes a preset number of rows of battery cells, and the heat dissipation buffer layer covers the bottoms of a preset proportion of battery cells at the front end of the battery module, where the preset proportion is [1 / 4, 5 / 12].