Heavy-current charging refrigerating system for heavy electric vehicle

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of whole vehicle charging and refrigerating, and particularly discloses a heavy-current charging and refrigerating system for a heavy electric vehicle, which comprises a first refrigerating unit and a whole vehicle battery, the first refrigerating unit is mounted in the vehicle and used for running refrigeration, and the first refrigerating unit is connected with the whole vehicle battery through a cooling circulating water pipe; an external circuit pipe is arranged on the cooling circulating water pipe, one end of the external circuit pipe is provided with a second refrigerating unit used for charging and refrigerating the whole vehicle battery, and the second refrigerating unit is arranged at external charging equipment; a one-way valve and a quick-plug connector are arranged on the external line pipe, and the quick-plug connector is connected to the second refrigerating unit. The size and weight of refrigeration equipment of the vehicle are effectively reduced, the vehicle load is improved, the effective space of the vehicle is increased, the refrigeration requirement during vehicle running can be met, meanwhile, the large-current charging refrigeration requirement can be met during charging, simultaneous charging refrigeration of multiple vehicles is achieved, universality is higher, and the operation cost is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of whole vehicle charging and refrigeration, in particular to a high-current charging and refrigeration system for a heavy-duty electric vehicle. Background Art

[0002] Amid the rapid development of electric vehicle technology, heavy-duty electric vehicles, a crucial component of logistics and public transportation, face significant challenges in their widespread adoption, particularly range and charging efficiency. To improve the range of heavy-duty electric vehicles, a growing number of models are being equipped with large-capacity battery packs (600kWh and above) to meet the demands of long-distance transport and high-intensity operations. However, these large-capacity battery packs generate significant heat during rapid charging. Failure to dissipate heat promptly and effectively can severely impact battery performance and lifespan, potentially leading to safety incidents.

[0003] Currently, heavy-duty electric vehicles generally use onboard battery cooling equipment to cool the battery pack, ensuring that the battery temperature remains within a safe range during charging and driving. However, with the increase in battery capacity and charging speed, traditional battery cooling equipment faces severe challenges. In particular, when the national standard dual-charger 400A charging method is no longer sufficient for fast charging, the battery cooling demand increases dramatically when the charging current is increased to 800A with four chargers, reaching a power level of 20-30kW.

[0004] In contrast, during normal driving, battery cooling requirements are relatively low, typically requiring only 6-10 kW of power. This significant increase in cooling requirements during charging not only significantly increases the size and weight of the battery cooling equipment, but also takes up valuable cargo space, reduces cargo weight, and thus increases vehicle manufacturing and operating costs.

[0005] Therefore, in order to solve the problems of the existing vehicle-borne battery refrigeration equipment becoming larger and heavier, taking up space, increasing the vehicle load, and easily causing waste of resources, it is now necessary to provide a heavy-duty electric vehicle high-current charging refrigeration system. Utility Model Content

[0006] This utility model is intended to provide a high-current charging refrigeration system for heavy-duty electric vehicles. The system is configured to meet the battery cooling needs of the entire vehicle when the vehicle is driving and the national standard single-gun 250A and dual-gun 400A cooling requirements. A separate refrigeration device is configured for 4-gun 800A fast charging to reduce the weight and volume of the vehicle's own battery refrigeration equipment, improve the vehicle's load capacity, and effectively reduce operating costs.

[0007] In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical solutions:

[0008] The present invention splits the refrigeration unit into a refrigeration unit required for driving and a refrigeration unit required for charging. The equipped refrigeration unit is used alone during charging, thereby greatly reducing the volume and weight of the refrigeration equipment of the entire vehicle. The refrigeration unit required for charging can also be flexibly configured in multiple units to improve charging efficiency and ensure charging safety. Specifically, a high-current charging refrigeration system for heavy-duty electric vehicles is provided, including a first refrigeration unit installed in the vehicle for driving refrigeration, and a whole vehicle battery. The first refrigeration unit is connected to the whole vehicle battery through a cooling circulation water pipe; an external circuit pipe is provided on the cooling circulation water pipe, and one end of the external circuit pipe is provided with a second refrigeration unit for charging and refrigerating the whole vehicle battery. The second refrigeration unit is provided at an external charging device; a one-way valve and a quick-plug interface are provided on the external circuit pipe, and the quick-plug interface is connected to the second refrigeration unit.

[0009] The principles and advantages of this solution are:

[0010] The cooling system and battery pack were built into the vehicle's initial design. As battery capacity continues to expand, the cooling system's size also increases, directly leading to an increase in its size and weight. It's worth noting that while high-current charging does require a high-power cooling system to dissipate heat, this requirement is limited to the charging phase, distinct from the needs during driving. The actual cooling power required during driving is far lower than during charging. Therefore, continuing to use the vehicle's own large cooling unit not only increases energy consumption, but also takes up valuable cargo space and weight quota, increasing operating costs.

[0011] Given this, this solution innovatively employs a dual refrigeration unit configuration: the first unit serves as the vehicle's regular cooling system, meeting daily driving needs; while the second unit, a more powerful external refrigeration unit, is specifically located near the charging facility and is activated only during charging. This design not only ensures effective heat management from the high current generated during charging, but also significantly reduces the vehicle's load, expands cargo space, reduces energy consumption, and effectively controls operating costs. In short, by precisely matching the cooling needs of different scenarios, this solution achieves both efficiency and benefits.

[0012] Furthermore, the first refrigeration unit is configured to be 11 kW, and the overall weight of the first refrigeration unit and the cab is no more than 100 kg, thereby reducing the weight of the entire vehicle, reducing the energy consumption of the entire vehicle, and improving the vehicle's endurance.

[0013] Furthermore, the second refrigeration unit is configured to be 25 kW to meet the cooling requirements during high current charging without affecting the weight balance of the vehicle.

[0014] Furthermore, the cooling circulating water pipe includes a first water inlet pipe and a first water outlet pipe; the external circuit pipe includes a second water inlet pipe and a second water outlet pipe; the second water inlet pipe is connected to the first water inlet pipe, and the second water outlet pipe is connected to the first water outlet pipe.

[0015] Furthermore, the one-way valve and quick-connect interface include two groups, which are respectively arranged on the second water inlet pipe and the second water outlet pipe.

[0016] Furthermore, it also includes a charging gun, which is arranged at the external charging device and is associated with the second refrigeration unit.

[0017] Furthermore, the first refrigeration unit is arranged under the vehicle cab through a vehicle frame; the external circuit pipe is arranged on the cooling circulation water pipe between the front of the vehicle and the vehicle body.

[0018] Furthermore, the one-way valve adopts a hydraulic tube type one-way valve, which has a compact structure, light weight, and is easy to install and maintain.

[0019] Furthermore, the quick-plug interface is a national standard interface, supports higher charging power, can meet the needs of fast charging, and has high versatility and compatibility.

[0020] Furthermore, the external line pipe is a telescopic pipe with a length range of 8-12 meters to meet the needs of various charging scenarios, ensure the interface length, and be flexible. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the framework structure of a high-current charging and refrigeration system for heavy-duty electric vehicles of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the application structure of a large-current charging refrigeration system for heavy-duty electric vehicles in the utility model. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] The following is further described in detail through specific implementation methods:

[0024] The figure marks in the drawings of the specification include: first refrigeration unit 1, vehicle battery 2, cooling circulation water pipe 3, first water inlet pipe 4, first water outlet pipe 5, external line pipe 6, second water inlet pipe 7, second water outlet pipe 8, one-way valve 9, quick plug interface 10, second refrigeration unit 11, and charging gun 12.

[0025] The embodiment is basically as shown in the attached Figure 1Shown: A heavy-duty electric vehicle high-current charging refrigeration system is configured for the entire vehicle to meet the battery cooling needs of the vehicle while driving and the national standard single-gun 250A and dual-gun 400A cooling requirements. A separate refrigeration device is configured for 4-gun 800A fast charging, thereby reducing the size and weight of the vehicle's own refrigeration equipment, increasing the vehicle's cargo space, reducing vehicle energy consumption, and lowering operating costs.

[0026] As attached Figure 1 As shown, it includes a first refrigeration unit 1 installed in the vehicle for driving cooling, and a vehicle battery 2 installed in the vehicle, wherein the first refrigeration unit 1 is connected to the vehicle battery 2 through a cooling circulation water pipe 3. When driving, the vehicle is cooled by the first refrigeration unit 1. In this embodiment, the first refrigeration unit 1 is configured to be 11kw, and the overall weight of the first refrigeration unit 1 and the cab is no more than 100kg, so as to reduce the weight of the vehicle, reduce the energy consumption of the vehicle, and improve the vehicle's endurance. Figure 2 As shown, the first refrigeration unit 1 is installed under the vehicle cab through the frame (the frame structure is not shown). While meeting the battery cooling needs during driving, it does not take up too much space in the vehicle, effectively reducing the volume and weight of the first refrigeration unit 1, making it easier to install and maintain.

[0027] In this embodiment, the cooling circulation water pipe 3 includes a first water inlet pipe 4 and a first water outlet pipe 5. During cooling, cold water enters from the first water inlet pipe 4 to cool the vehicle battery 2, and then flows back to the first refrigeration unit 1 from the first water outlet pipe 5. An external circuit pipe 6 is installed on the cooling circulation water pipe 3. In this embodiment, the external circuit pipe 6 is installed on the cooling circulation water pipe 3 between the front of the vehicle and the body. In this embodiment, the external circuit pipe 6 is a retractable and retractable retractable pipe with a retractable length range of 8-12 meters, specifically 10 meters. Specifically, the external circuit pipe 6 includes a second water inlet pipe 7 and a second water outlet pipe 8, wherein the second water inlet pipe 8 is connected to the first water inlet pipe 4, and the second water outlet pipe 8 is connected to the first water outlet pipe 5.

[0028] A one-way valve 9 and a quick-plug interface 10 are installed on the external circuit pipe 6. In this embodiment, the one-way valve 9 and the quick-plug interface 10 are set into two groups, which are respectively installed on the second water inlet pipe 7 and the second water outlet pipe 8. That is, a one-way valve 9 and a quick-plug interface 10 are installed in sequence on the second water inlet pipe 7, and a one-way valve 9 and a quick-plug interface 10 are installed in sequence on the second water outlet pipe 8. When needed, the one-way valve 9 can be controlled by switching on and off, which makes the operation more convenient and quick. At the same time, in this embodiment, the one-way valve 9 can adopt a hydraulic tube one-way valve, which has a compact structure, light weight, and is easy to install and maintain. It is not limited here. The quick-plug interface 10 can adopt a national standard interface, which has high versatility and compatibility to meet a variety of interface types, is more widely applicable, has higher versatility, and can meet the needs of fast charging.

[0029] A second refrigeration unit 11 for high-current charging and cooling of the entire vehicle battery is installed at one end of the external circuit tube 6. When charging is required, it can be connected to the second refrigeration unit 11 through the quick-plug interface 10. In this embodiment, the second refrigeration unit 11 is arranged at the external charging device, that is, it can be directly installed at the charging pile, and does not need to be equipped with the vehicle. At the same time, the second refrigeration unit 11 is configured as a high-power refrigeration device with a power of 25kw. It is generally placed at the charging pile. When it needs to be transported or transferred, it can also be quickly transported, which is convenient for transportation and installation. At the same time, it also includes a charging gun 12. The charging gun 12 is arranged at the external charging device, that is, on the charging pile, and is interconnected with the second refrigeration unit 11 to cooperate in completing high-current charging and cooling.

[0030] The specific implementation process is as follows:

[0031] When high-current charging is required, the second water inlet pipe 7 and second water outlet pipe 8 equipped with the second refrigeration unit 11 are plugged into the first water inlet pipe 4 and first water outlet pipe 5 of the vehicle through corresponding quick-connect connectors 10. Charging is started, and the second refrigeration unit 11 is connected to the charging gun 12 for normal fast charging. At this time, the second refrigeration unit 11 cools the vehicle battery. After charging is complete, the charging gun 12 is unplugged, and the quick-connect connectors 10 of the corresponding water pipes of the second refrigeration unit 11 are unplugged to end charging.

[0032] Since vehicles are designed with built-in refrigeration equipment and their battery packs are also installed on the vehicle, as the battery pack capacity continues to increase, the built-in refrigeration equipment naturally increases as well, leading to a continuous increase in the size and weight of the refrigeration equipment. However, while charging high-current batteries requires sufficiently powerful refrigeration equipment, it is overlooked that driving and charging are two different states of the vehicle. During actual driving, such high-power refrigeration equipment is not actually necessary and would increase the vehicle's energy consumption, occupying the vehicle's cargo weight and space. However, the existing technology directly uses the vehicle's built-in refrigeration unit as the refrigeration equipment, which results in the vehicle carrying excessively heavy and unused large equipment during driving, increasing the vehicle's weight and energy consumption, and increasing operating costs.

[0033] Therefore, in this embodiment, by separating the first refrigeration unit 1 and the second refrigeration unit 11, and configuring the first refrigeration unit 1 as a built-in refrigeration device for the vehicle, while the second refrigeration unit 11 is an external refrigeration device, the first refrigeration unit 1 is ensured to meet the vehicle's cooling needs during driving. Generally, when a vehicle needs to be charged, it is stopped and requires the cooperation of a charging station. Therefore, the high-power second refrigeration unit 11 is installed at the charging station and can be used together with the charging station. This not only meets the cooling needs for high-current charging, but also reduces the vehicle's load capacity, effectively increases the vehicle's cargo space, reduces the vehicle's energy consumption, and reduces operating costs. This solution reduces the overall volume and weight of the vehicle's built-in first refrigeration unit 1 by 5, saving N times the cost. Furthermore, a high-current charging station can be equipped with multiple second refrigeration units 11 to meet the cooling needs of multiple vehicles charging simultaneously, making it more flexible, more versatile, and more economical.

[0034] The above description is merely an embodiment of the present invention, and the commonly known specific technical solutions and / or features of the solution are not described in detail here. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, without departing from the technical solution of the present invention, several variations and improvements can be made, which should also be considered as the scope of protection of the present invention, and these will not affect the effect of the implementation of the present invention and the practicality of the patent. The scope of protection claimed in this application shall be based on the content of its claims, and the specific implementation methods and other records in the specification can be used to interpret the content of the claims.

Claims

1. A high-current charging and cooling system for a heavy-duty electric vehicle comprises a first refrigeration unit installed in the vehicle for driving cooling, and a battery for the vehicle. The first refrigeration unit is connected to the battery via a cooling circulating water pipe. An external circuit pipe is provided on the cooling circulating water pipe, and one end of the external circuit pipe is provided with a second refrigeration unit for charging and cooling the battery for the vehicle. The second refrigeration unit is located at an external charging device. A one-way valve and a quick-connect connector are provided on the external circuit pipe, and the quick-connect connector is connected to the second refrigeration unit.

2. A heavy-duty electric vehicle high-current charging refrigeration system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first refrigeration unit is configured to be 11 kW, and the overall weight of the first refrigeration unit and the cab is no more than 100 kg.

3. A heavy-duty electric vehicle high-current charging refrigeration system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second refrigeration unit is configured to be 25kw.

4. A heavy-duty electric vehicle high-current charging refrigeration system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cooling circulating water pipe includes a first water inlet pipe and a first water outlet pipe; the external circuit pipe includes a second water inlet pipe and a second water outlet pipe; the second water inlet pipe is connected to the first water inlet pipe, and the second water outlet pipe is connected to the first water outlet pipe.

5. A heavy-duty electric vehicle high-current charging refrigeration system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The one-way valve and quick-connect interface include two groups, which are respectively arranged on the second water inlet pipe and the second water outlet pipe.

6. A heavy-duty electric vehicle high-current charging refrigeration system according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a charging gun, which is arranged at the external charging device and is associated with the second refrigeration unit.

7. The heavy-duty electric vehicle high-current charging refrigeration system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first refrigeration unit is arranged under the vehicle cab through a vehicle frame; the external circuit pipe is arranged on the cooling circulation water pipe between the front of the vehicle and the vehicle body.

8. The heavy-duty electric vehicle high-current charging refrigeration system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The one-way valve is a hydraulic tube type one-way valve.

9. The heavy-duty electric vehicle high-current charging refrigeration system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The quick-plug interface is a national standard interface.

10. The heavy-duty electric vehicle high-current charging refrigeration system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The external line pipe is a telescopic pipe with a length ranging from 8 to 12 meters.

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