Novel light solar boiler machine

Abstract

The utility model discloses a novel and light solar boiler machine, and belongs to the field of efficient and low-cost solar photo-thermal power generation and ultra-high temperature utilization. The device consists of a double-shaft automatic sun tracking machine with multiple fulcrums, a point focusing condenser, a variable static device, a vacuum pan, a trapezoidal seat, a rod type or beam type structure and a pipeline. An azimuth angle tracking mechanism driven by a motor is borne at the upper end of an azimuth shaft which is perpendicular to the ground plane and fixedly connected with the ground plane, the terminal of the azimuth angle tracking mechanism is connected with a trapezoidal seat of an elevation angle tracking system, and a movably connected height shaft is installed on an upper platform of the trapezoidal seat and fixedly connected with a mirror pulling plate ring. And the mirror pulling plate ring is fixedly connected with a condensing mirror and a vacuum pan which are positioned outside the two ends of the height shaft through the lifting rods. And the vacuum pot is communicated with a medium outside the machine through a pipeline of the variable static device. Supporting lifting mechanisms indirectly driven by motors are arranged on a bottom plate below the trapezoidal seat, lifting screws of the supporting mechanisms are respectively connected with the condenser frame through movable joint mechanisms and guide rails, and the two motors are electrically connected with a controller. And group efficient power generation or ultrahigh-temperature hydrogen production and the like can be realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the field of solar-powered high-efficiency and low-cost photothermal power generation and high-temperature hydrogen production or heat supply. Background Art

[0002] Currently, solar thermal power generation and heating worldwide face four major challenges: low solar-to-heat conversion efficiency; extremely high costs; difficulty connecting the collector to the outside world due to the constant movement of the external interface (except for tower-type CSP plants); and significant solar waste, as the receivers are exposed to the air, where convection and wind carry away a significant amount of heat. For example, there are only two point-focused CSP methods: tower-type CSP plants, which typically have an average annual solar-to-heat conversion efficiency of 38% and extremely high power generation costs; and dish-type CSP generators. While more efficient than other methods, they are complex and expensive. Furthermore, the constantly moving interface makes it difficult to direct the heat flow to the ground, so CSP generators can only be mounted on concentrators, called Stirling generators. These generators rotate with the concentrators, making them bulky and expensive. They can only generate electricity from a single unit and struggle to store heat. Consequently, of the more than 300 CSP plants worldwide, not a single dish-type generator is used. I previously invented the Sunshine Boiler to address these issues, but it suffers from the following drawbacks: First, the mounting frame must be made very thick to increase its bending strength, consuming a large amount of steel and being very heavy. Second, the fixed interface, when connected to the outside, cannot be a single point; the pipe joint has a large radius and rotates with the azimuth, making external connections inconvenient. Third, the vacuum pot requires a dedicated pot stand to suspend it, resulting in a long cantilever, a large amount of steel consumption, and easy deformation. Fourth, the tee must be made of a very long stainless steel bellows, which swings significantly when the two axes are aligned, is expensive, and presents significant fluid resistance. Fifth, the vacuum pot is placed horizontally, with thin tubes or baffles inserted inside, which hinders the flow of high-temperature resistant media (such as lead-bismuth alloys) and causes stagnation and backlog. The present utility model aims to significantly improve this design and completely eliminate these drawbacks. For example, in the first representative solution of the present invention, that is, the rod-type lightweight novel solar boiler, all important components used in the original solar boiler, such as the carrier rack, pot rack components, tee pipes, fixed interfaces, positive and oblique support rods, sleeve-type and baffle-type vacuum pots, etc., are removed and replaced by dual-purpose or lighter and more advanced components. Utility Model Content

[0003] The present invention aims to solve these problems, namely, to invent a novel solar boiler machine which has extremely high heat collection efficiency, can generate high-temperature heat of more than 1,000 degrees, has low cost due to its simple structure, is not dissipated by air convection, has a dual-axis sun-following structure but can transform large bidirectional turbulence into an absolutely static external interface, is convenient for storing heat in the ground, and is convenient for connecting multiple machines into a large group to build a solar thermal power station.

[0004] The utility model is realized through the following technical solutions:

[0005] 1. A novel and lightweight solar boiler, referred to as the novel solar boiler, includes a dual-axis automatic sun-following machine, a concentrator component, a collector component, a frame component, a medium pipeline component containing two types of static transformers, and a driver. Its special features are:

[0006] A. The dual-axis automatic sun-following machine and frame include an azimuth tracking mechanism and an altitude tracking system, as well as a frame, a driver, and a controller. Hereinafter, the dual-axis automatic sun-following machine is referred to as the sun-following machine.

[0007] (a) The azimuth tracking mechanism comprises an azimuth axis frame, a variable speed transmission component, and a driver. The azimuth axis frame comprises an azimuth axis, an azimuth base plate, and an azimuth core shaft, which are fixedly connected to each other. The azimuth axis, referred to as the azimuth axis, is fixedly mounted on a ground plane or a platform. The azimuth base plate and azimuth core shaft, fixedly connected to its upper end, serve as the carrier of the azimuth tracking mechanism formed by the variable speed transmission component. The azimuth base plate is connected perpendicularly to the azimuth axis, and the azimuth core shaft is connected perpendicularly to the base plate. The driver, i.e., the motor, causes the azimuth tracking mechanism to rotate about the azimuth core shaft to follow the sun. The terminal end of the azimuth tracking mechanism constitutes a trapezoidal seat platform fixedly connected to the trapezoidal seat of the altitude axis frame, carrying the altitude tracking system and rotating about the azimuth axis to follow the sun.

[0008] (b) The elevation tracking system comprises an elevation axis, an elevation axis frame, a variable speed transmission component, a supporting lifting mechanism, and a driver. The elevation axis is referred to as the elevation axis, and the trapezoidal seat platform in the frame serves as the carrier of the elevation axis. The terminal end of the variable speed transmission component, which is driven by the driver, is the supporting lifting mechanism, which is connected to the concentrator component and the heat collector component to drive the concentrator component and the heat collector component to rotate about the elevation axis to track the sun in the direction of the solar elevation angle.

[0009] (c) The height axis and its frame components include the height axis and its support pile, an axis-mirror connector and a trapezoidal seat, the height axis and its support pile are located on the trapezoidal seat platform, the upper end of the support pile is connected to the height axis, and the lower end thereof is fixed to the platform; the axis-mirror connector is either a lifting rod type or a lifting beam type, and there are two ways of connecting the height axis and the pulling mirror ring in the lifting rod type axis-mirror connector, either indirect, that is, the upper end of the lifting rod and the pulling mirror ring are fixedly connected to each other; the lower end of the lifting rod and the condenser frame are fixedly connected to each other, the lower end of the pulling mirror ring is fixedly connected to the upper end of the support pile, the lower end of the support pile is movably connected to the height axis, and the height axis and the support pile are fixedly connected; the connection method of the pulling mirror ring and the height axis is either direct, that is, the pulling mirror ring is directly connected to the height axis without passing through the support pile, and under this condition, the height axis and the support pile must be movably connected;

[0010] The platform is located above the trapezoidal seat, and the base plate is located below the platform. The base plate is a common carrier for the speed-changing transmission box and synchronous transmission shaft or synchronous transmission chain of the altitude angle tracking system of the tracking machine, as well as the lifting rod extending from the speed-changing transmission box and the driver in the altitude angle direction. The controller of the tracking machine is also located on the trapezoidal seat.

[0011] Hereinafter, the novel and portable solar boiler machine with the lifting rod as the axis-mirror connector is referred to as the rod-type novel solar boiler machine, and the novel and portable solar boiler machine with the lifting beam as the axis-mirror connector is referred to as the beam-type novel solar boiler machine;

[0012] B. The condenser component is a condenser component that can concentrate sunlight into a focus or a focal spot. A condenser component that uses the sun to produce a focus or a focal spot is called a condenser unit. The condenser component is either a frame condenser, which has a frame as its framework; or a frameless grid condenser, which has a grid as its framework;

[0013] The frame condenser includes an upper mirror ring, a lower mirror ring, a mirror back rod and a mirror plate. The mirror back rod fixedly connects the upper mirror ring and the lower mirror ring to form a mirror frame. The mirror plate is connected to the frame. The grid condenser includes a main grid plate, a sub-grid plate and a mirror plate. The main grid plate is circular and connected to each sub-grid plate. The sub-grid plate is either a single plate or formed by fixedly connecting a grid rod and a connecting lens. The main grid plate and the sub-grid plate are both connected to the mirror plate.

[0014] Both the rod-type and beam-type solar boilers consist of two concentrating mirror units located at either end of their height axis. A connecting rod parallel to the height axis connects the two concentrating mirror units, or there is no connecting rod between them. The lower end of each lifting rod of the rod-type solar boiler is either fixedly connected to the frame of the frame concentrating mirror or directly or indirectly fixedly connected to the main grid of the grid concentrating mirror. The upper ends of all lifting rods are connected to the pull ring.

[0015] The lower or middle portion of the condenser assembly is connected to a lifting rod via a guide rail fixedly connected to the condenser frame. The guide rail is either fixedly connected to the frame of the frame condenser or directly or indirectly fixedly connected to the main grid of the grid condenser. The lifting rod is connected to the variable speed transmission component of the altitude angle tracking system of the tracking aircraft in a transmission manner on the one hand, and is also connected to the guide rail in a sliding or rolling manner on the other hand.

[0016] C. The heat collector component is a heat collector of a vacuum pot component, or a cavity pot type heat collector. The vacuum pot component heat collector includes a vacuum pot, two pot nozzles and two pot tubes. The vacuum pot is a spherical tube straight-through type, which includes a pot shell and a pot nozzle. The pot shell is composed of a spherical shell inner pot shell and an outer pot shell. There is a vacuum between the inner and outer pot shells. The outer pot shell is transparent. The outer surface of the inner pot shell has a selective heat absorption layer. There are two short tubular pot nozzles on the inner and outer pot shells. On each pot nozzle, there is an inner The inner pot spout is the sealed connection between the pot shell and the outer pot shell, extending beyond the transparent outer pot spout. These two inner pot spouts are called the inlet pot spout and the outlet pot spout, respectively, based on the flow direction of the medium. The center point of the pot shell coincides or nearly coincides with the focus or focal spot center of the condenser. Each inner pot spout is connected to a pot pipe, and only the inner pot spout can form a sealed connection with the pot pipe. The pot pipe connected to the inlet pot spout is called the inlet pot pipe, and the pot pipe connected to the outlet pot spout is called the outlet pot pipe.

[0017] A spherical tube-shaped straight-through vacuum pan, referred to as a straight-through vacuum pan, has one pan tube connected directly or indirectly to the lifting rod or the lifting beam, and another pan tube connected to the frame of the frame condenser or directly or indirectly to the main grid of the grid condenser. A vacuum pan is installed at each end of the height axis, with the pan center coinciding or approximately coinciding with the focus or focal spot center of the corresponding condenser.

[0018] D. The so-called static-changing device is a device that changes a pipe with a dynamic interface at one end into a static interface at the other end. The pipe for transporting high-temperature fluid has an inlet at one end and an outlet at the other end. However, the law of the dynamic-static changing device is: all static-changing devices connected in the pipeline change the dynamic outlet interface at one end into a static outlet interface at the other end; change the dynamic inlet interface at one end into a static inlet interface at the other end, that is, the nature of "inlet" and "outlet" in the pipeline is not changed; the static-changing device includes a cavity shell, a tightening hoop, a restraining tube, two high-temperature resistant, easy-to-straighten and easy-to-bend hoses and thermal insulation materials, and the cavity shell is a hollow cavity. The shell, this cavity is composed of at least three plates, two of which are facing each other, these two plates are called end plates of the variable static device, and the other is a shroud plate, the shroud plate is a curved plate formed by wrapping the periphery of the two end plates tightly with a belt-shaped plate and connecting the two peripheries. The tightening hoop is also called a tightening hoop, which is connected to the shroud plate or to the end plate through an end plate. The tightening hoop is either a single-tube tightening hoop or a double-tube tightening hoop. The double-tube tightening hoop is to merge one end of each of the two hoses located inside the cavity shell into a tube bundle, and bundle the two together to make The ends of these two hoses are fixed with hoops; there are two single-tube tightening hoops, and each tightening hoop is used to tie one end of a hose to make it fixed; the area near the outer opening of any tightening hoop is called the static port of the variable-static device, and there is a static interface of the hose near each static port. The other end of each of the two hoses, after having sufficient bending length in the cavity shell of the variable-static device, must enter the constraint cylinder, and before or after entering the constraint cylinder of the variable-static device, each constitutes a dynamic interface. Therefore, each variable-static device has 4 interfaces, two of which are dynamic interfaces, and two are static interfaces. The dynamic interface is located at the dynamic port of the variable-static device, about The inside of the constraint tube or the vicinity of its two ends are called the dynamic port of the variable-static device, the static interface is located at the static port of the variable-static device, and the static port of the variable-static device is near the outer port of the tightening hoop; the so-called interface is the port or the port of the pipe joint that will be connected to other pipes; in any case, the two pipes rotate back and forth when working in the constraint tube, pulling the two hoses in the variable-static device to reciprocate; the constraint tube is a hollow tube, which either passes through one end face of the cavity shell and is fixedly connected to the end panel, or passes through the shroud surface and is fixedly connected to the shroud plate, and the position of the constraint tube on the cavity shell is away from the tightening hoop; the outer surface of the cavity shell is completely wrapped with heat insulating material;

[0019] The static variable device is either an azimuth static variable device or an altitude static variable device. The cavity shell of the azimuth static variable device is directly or indirectly fixedly connected to the absolutely stationary azimuth axis base plate connected to the azimuth axis. The center line of the constraint cylinder of the azimuth static variable device must coincide with or approximately coincide with the extension line of the center line of the azimuth axis. Therefore, it is located near the middle of the altitude axis of the following aircraft. The altitude static variable device is fixedly connected to the trapezoidal seat of the following aircraft. The center line of the constraint cylinder of the altitude static variable device must coincide with or approximately coincide with the extension line of the center line of the altitude axis. Therefore, there are two altitude static variable devices, which are respectively located on both sides of the trapezoidal seat near the two ends of the altitude axis. The altitude static variable device is referred to as an altitude variable device for short.

[0020] E. The medium pipeline component is a pipeline component containing three static-variable devices, and the pipeline component containing three static-variable devices includes an azimuth static-variable device, two height static-variable devices, two vacuum pots and their four interfaces and four pot pipes, and connecting pipes;

[0021] The pipeline component is a component that connects the two vacuum pot components outside the two ends of the height axis and is connected to the outlet pipe and inlet pipe of the medium transmitted from outside the machine. The two vacuum pots are either connected in series or in parallel.

[0022] Regarding connecting pipes, we first need to clarify two concepts. In the series pipeline, the connecting pipe between the left and right high-voltage transformers is called a connecting pipe, and the connecting pipe between the high-voltage transformer and the azimuth transformer, or the connecting pipe between the high-voltage transformer and the boiler pipe is called an extension pipe.

[0023] The following convention is used: when a person is observing the altitude axis, the person's left side is called the left end of the altitude axis; the person's right side is called the right end of the altitude axis; and the vacuum pot, its pot tube, and altitude transformer outside the left end of the altitude axis are referred to as the left vacuum pot, left pot tube, and left altitude transformer, respectively. The vacuum pot, its pot tube, and altitude transformer outside the right end of the altitude axis are referred to as the right vacuum pot, right pot tube, and right altitude transformer, respectively.

[0024] Simply put, the so-called series connection is to use a connecting pipe placed horizontally on the trapezoidal seat, with its two ends connecting the left static outlet interface of the left high-voltage transformer and the right static inlet interface of the right high-voltage transformer. Then, there is an extension pipe connecting the left static inlet interface of the left high-voltage transformer and a dynamic interface of the azimuth static transformer; there is also an extension pipe connecting the right static outlet interface of the right high-voltage transformer and another dynamic interface of the azimuth static transformer; the static outlet and static inlet interfaces of the left high-voltage transformer are respectively formed by the left outlet boiler pipe and the left inlet boiler pipe connected to its dynamic interface through the left high-voltage transformer; similarly, the static inlet and static outlet interfaces of the right high-voltage transformer are respectively formed by the right inlet boiler pipe and the right outlet boiler pipe connected to its dynamic interface through the right high-voltage transformer. This is the first type of series piping;

[0025] What is said here is that the connecting pipe connects the left static outlet and the right static inlet interface. The same is true in reverse, that is, the left static inlet and the right static outlet interface are connected with a connecting pipe, and then the left static outlet and the right static inlet interface are respectively connected with the two dynamic interfaces of the azimuth static transformer through two extension pipes. The left static outlet and the left static inlet interface are formed by the left outlet boiler pipe and the left inlet boiler pipe connected by the dynamic interface of the left high-pressure transformer through the left high-pressure transformer. The right static inlet and the right static outlet interface are formed by the right inlet boiler pipe and the right outlet boiler pipe connected by the dynamic interface of the right high-pressure transformer through the right high-pressure transformer. This is the second type of series piping;

[0026] The detailed connection process is as follows: after extending the two boiler pipes of the left vacuum boiler, they are respectively connected to the two dynamic interfaces of the left high-voltage transformer. After passing through the left high-voltage transformer, two static interfaces that do not rotate around the height axis are formed. One is called the left static inlet interface, and the other is called the left static outlet interface. The left static inlet interface is formed by extending the inlet boiler pipe connected to the dynamic interface of the left high-voltage transformer, and the left static outlet interface is formed by extending the outlet boiler pipe connected to the dynamic interface of the left high-voltage transformer.

[0027] After connecting the inlet and outlet pipes of the right vacuum pot to an extension pipe respectively, they are connected to the two dynamic interfaces of the right high-voltage transformer. After passing through the right high-voltage transformer, two static interfaces are formed. These two static interfaces are formed by extending the inlet and outlet pipes connected to the dynamic interface of the right high-voltage transformer. Therefore, one is called the right static inlet interface and the other is called the right static outlet interface.

[0028] A connecting pipe is placed horizontally on the trapezoidal seat platform, and its left port is connected to the vicinity of the static port of the left high-voltage transformer or is first connected to the left static inlet interface, and its right port must be connected to the right static outlet interface of the right high-voltage transformer because it is to be connected in series; what remains on the static port of the left high-voltage transformer is the left static outlet interface, which is connected to the dynamic interface of the azimuth-static transformer through an extension pipe, and becomes a full-static outlet interface after passing through the azimuth-static transformer, because it is formed by extending the left static outlet interface of the left high-voltage transformer, and it is called a "full-static outlet interface" because it rotates neither around the altitude axis nor around the azimuth axis;

[0029] The remaining one is the right static inlet interface on the static port of the right high-voltage transformer. This interface is also connected to an extension pipe and connected to the remaining dynamic interface of the azimuth static transformer. After passing through the azimuth static transformer, it becomes a full static inlet interface because it is formed by extending the right static inlet interface of the right high-voltage transformer. This is the first series pipe connection method. The second series method is as follows:

[0030] The same is true in reverse, that is, the left end of a connecting pipe is connected to the left static outlet interface. Since it is in series, the right end of the connecting pipe must be connected to the right static inlet interface; what remains outside the left end of the altitude axis is the left static inlet interface, which is connected to one end of the extension pipe, and the other end of the extension pipe is connected to the dynamic interface of the azimuth-static changer. After passing through the azimuth-static changer, it becomes a full static inlet interface; the right static outlet interface remaining outside the right end of the altitude axis is connected to one end of another extension pipe, and the other end of the extension pipe is connected to the remaining dynamic interface of the azimuth-static changer. After passing through the azimuth-static changer, it becomes a full static outlet interface. This is the second serial pipe connection method.

[0031] 2. The cavity-pot type solar collector comprises a heat-using cavity, a heat-absorbing cavity, a light-inlet window, a windshield, an outlet pot tube, an inlet pot tube and a heat-insulating material. The heat-using cavity is a sandwich container formed by sealingly connecting an outer convex shell and an inner convex shell at the edge of the light-inlet. This container is connected to the outlet pot tube near the light-inlet and to the inlet pot tube at the top of the outer convex shell. The outer surface of the outer convex shell is surrounded by heat-insulating material. A transparent windshield is provided on the light-inlet. There is a gap between the windshield and the edge of the light-inlet. The heat-absorbing cavity is formed by the inner surface of the inner convex shell coated with a heat-absorbing layer, i.e., the concave surface. The outlet pot tube is formed by two or more branch pipes connected to the heat-using cavity and converging into a total outlet pot tube.

[0032] 3. The parallel connection, including the two vacuum pots outside the height axis end and their four pot pipes, two high-voltage transformers, two tees, and connecting pipes, is achieved by passing the inlet and outlet pot pipes of the left and right vacuum pots through the left and right high-voltage transformers to form the static interfaces. Two tees are used to form parallel pipes, that is, the left and right ends of the tee are connected to the static interfaces of the same name; that is, both ends are connected to the static inlet interface, or both are connected to the static outlet interface. The specific structure is detailed as follows:

[0033] Connect the two dynamic interfaces of the left high-voltage transformer to the left inlet boiler pipe and the left outlet boiler pipe of the left vacuum pot respectively. The two static interfaces of the left high-voltage transformer, which are connected to the left inlet boiler pipe, are called the left static inlet interface, and the ones connected to the left outlet boiler pipe are called the left static outlet interface; connect the two dynamic interfaces of the right high-voltage transformer to the right inlet boiler pipe and the right outlet boiler pipe of the right vacuum pot respectively. The two static interfaces of the right high-voltage transformer, which are connected to the right inlet boiler pipe, are called the right static inlet interface, and the ones connected to the right outlet boiler pipe are called the right static outlet interface. Then, there are two tee pipes placed horizontally in the trapezoidal shape. The two ends of one tee are connected to the left static inlet interface and the right static inlet interface respectively, and the two ends of the other tee are connected to the left static outlet interface and the right static outlet interface respectively. The third port of each of these two tees is connected to the two dynamic interfaces of the azimuth-static device respectively, so there are two full-static interfaces on the static port of the azimuth-static device, one is connected to the tee connecting the two outlet interfaces and is called the full-static outlet interface, and the other is connected to the tee connecting the two inlet interfaces and is called the full-static inlet interface.

[0034] 4. The connection between the pot tube of the vacuum pot and its support member is either indirectly connected through a three-dimensional focusing device or directly connected. The three-dimensional focusing device includes a U-shaped plate, a tube seat plate, a clamping hoop and screws and nuts. The tube seat plate is a carrier of the pot tube. The tube seat plate has a hollowed-out guide groove. The pot tube is mounted on the tube seat plate perpendicular to the guide groove by a clamping hoop. The clamping hoop is a hoop that tightens the pot tube and is fixed to the tube seat plate that can be moved along the guide groove by screws and nuts. This is one-dimensional displacement along the guide groove. The U-shaped plate is the carrier of the tube seat plate. It is fixedly connected to the external support member. The U-shaped plate is connected to the tube seat plate that can be raised and lowered along the screw by a screw. This is the second-dimensional focusing along the screw. The third-dimensional focusing direction of the pot tube is along its tube length. The clamping hoop is connected to the tube seat plate in a loose and tight manner by a screw so that the pot tube can be moved forward, backward and adjusted along its length.

[0035] 5. The two ends of the lifting beam of the novel beam-type solar boiler are respectively connected to the frames of the two frame concentrators outside the height axis end, or respectively connected to the main grid of the two grid concentrators; the middle part of the lifting beam is connected to the supporting beam pile connected to the height axis; the lower end of the supporting beam pile is movably connected to the height axis. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0036] Figure 1 This is the front view of the novel and lightweight pole-type solar boiler.

[0037] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 Top view of .

[0038] Figure 3 yes Figure 1 BB left sectional view.

[0039] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view of the internal structure of the vacuum pot collector

[0040] Figure 5 A top view of a novel, lightweight, rod-type solar boiler with parallel piping components.

[0041] Figure 6 This is the front view of a novel beam-type lightweight solar boiler with grid concentrators and parallel pipes.

[0042] Figure 7 yes Figure 6 Top view

[0043] Figure 8 This is the main view of the grid condenser

[0044] Figure 9 yes Figure 8 EE left sectional view

[0045] Figure 10 This is the main cross-sectional view of the cavity pot collector

[0046] Figure 11 This is the left side view of the cavity pot collector

[0047] Figure 12 This is the main view of the static variable device

[0048] Figure 13 yes Figure 12 BB top view cross-section

[0049] Figure 14 This is the main view of the 3D focuser

[0050] Figure 15 yes Figure 14 Left view

[0051] Figure 16 yes Figure 14 G----G top view cross-section DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0052] exist Figure 1 In the diagram, 1 is the azimuth axis of the sun-following machine, 2 is the transmission gearbox for the sun-following machine's altitude angle, which contains the drive motor and controller. 3 is the base ring of the frame condenser, 4 is the back rod of the frame condenser, 5 is its mirror plate, 6 is its upper ring, 7 is the reinforcement rod of the upper ring, 8 is the lifting rod, also called the lifting rod, used to connect the condenser 5 and the vacuum pot 11 to the pull ring 18 on the altitude axis, and 9 is the three-dimensional focuser (its structure is shown in Figure 14 、 Figure 15 and Figure 16), used to connect the reinforcing rod 7 on the upper ring of the mirror with the outlet pot pipe 10 of the vacuum pot, and to make an indirect connection between the inlet pot pipe 13 and the lifting rod 8 (here it is assumed that the working medium enters from the top and exits from the bottom. Of course, it can also be reversed to make it enter from the bottom and exit from the top, that is, the lower pot pipe 10 is used as the inlet pot pipe and the upper pot pipe 13 is used as the outlet pot pipe).

[0053] The following details the connection process of the series pipes of the left and right vacuum pots containing three static devices: 10 is the outlet pot pipe, 11 is the straight-through vacuum pot (its internal structure is shown in Figure 4 ), 12 is the mouth of the vacuum pot, which is a pipe joint connected to the inner pot mouth, and is connected to the inner pot. 13 is the inlet pot pipe, which is connected to the pot mouth 12. 14 is two symmetrical height variable static devices. The center of its constraint tube coincides with or approximately coincides with the extension line of the height axis centerline. It is connected to the trapezoidal seat 24 on both sides of the height axis frame through the left and right support plates 26 respectively. The extension pipe connecting the upper and lower pot pipes 13 and 10 is connected to the two hoses extending from the dynamic port of the high variable device 14. After being bundled into a pipe bundle, it enters the lower side port of the left high variable device, that is, the constraint tube in the dynamic port (see Figure 13 The part 15 in the restraint tube 15, the part 8 in the restraint tube 15 is the insulation tube layer), that is, it enters the cavity shell of the left high-pressure transformer 14, and exits the left high-pressure transformer 14 from the upper port of the left high-pressure transformer (this port is the static port), and becomes a connecting pipe 15 and an extension pipe 15' connected by two static interfaces that do not rotate with the vacuum pot 11 in the height angle direction. The left end of this connecting pipe 15 is connected to the left static outlet interface connected to the left outlet pot pipe 10. This connecting pipe 15 can be called an "inlet and outlet connecting pipe" because its left end is connected to the left static outlet interface. After crossing the platform of the trapezoidal seat 24, its right end is connected to the static port of the right high-pressure transformer, that is, the right static inlet interface of the upper port of the right high-pressure transformer in the figure (this upper port is the static interface of the high-pressure transformer). This right static inlet interface is connected to the dynamic port of the right high-pressure transformer, that is, the inlet pot pipe of the lower side port, that is, the upper pot pipe. This is the series connection method. The connecting pipe 15 is Figure 1 The horizontal pipe that contacts the upper platform of the trapezoidal seat 24. The boiler pipe under the right vacuum pot is the outlet boiler pipe of the medium. The extension pipe connected to this outlet boiler pipe enters the right high-pressure transformer and becomes the right static outlet interface after coming out from the upper port of the right high-pressure transformer, that is, the static port. It passes through the extension pipe 15' and is connected to the azimuth static transformer 20, and enters the azimuth static transformer 20. Figure 2 The static port of the position-changing static device 20 is tightened and becomes a full static outlet interface, i.e. Figure 2 One of the two interfaces represented by 41 is connected to the external pipeline 38 to output the heat flow medium heated by this machine.

[0054] Figure 1The extension pipe connected to the left inlet boiler pipe 13 enters the lower side port of the left high-pressure converter, that is, the dynamic port, and comes out from its upper port, that is, the static port, to become the left static inlet interface, connected to an extension pipe 15' and connected to the azimuth static converter 20, that is, enters the azimuth static converter 20, from Figure 2 After the position changer 20 comes out, it becomes a full static import interface, that is, Figure 2 Another of the components 41 can be connected to one of the external pipes 38, which transmits heat from the outside world. This connection allows the media flows in the left and right vacuum pans to be heated in series. The single "inlet and outlet connecting pipe," namely the connecting pipe 15 and two extension pipes 15', replaces the tee pipes required for parallel connection. The azimuth-static variable device 20 is not connected to the trapezoidal seat; it is connected to the absolutely stationary azimuth axis baseplate.

[0055] The outer shell of the static transformer is made of sealed insulation material, and the internal flexible pipes are two flexible hoses, generally metal bellows. For detailed structure, see Figure 12 and Figure 13 .

[0056] Figure 116 is a support ring pile, its lower end movably connected to the elevation shaft 17, and its upper end connected to the mirror pull ring 18. 19 is two cross bars connected to the upper parts of the two support ring piles 16. The two support ring piles 16 and the two cross bars 19 form a square frame for supporting the mirror pull ring 18. The mirror pull ring 18 is the carrier of each mirror lifting rod, connecting the upper ends of each mirror lifting rod. Pulling the mirror makes it suspended in the air. 20 is an azimuth static device. 21 is a support shaft pile, its lower end connected to the upper platform of the frame 24, and its upper end connected to the elevation shaft 17, serving as the carrier of the elevation shaft. 22 is the power output turntable of the azimuth tracking system, fixedly connected to the trapezoidal seat 24. 25 is a hanging plate for the upper pot tube of the vacuum pot, one on each side, fixedly connected to the lifting rod 27. 26 is a support plate for the high-speed converter, one on each side. One end of each plate is connected to the high-speed converter and the other to the trapezoidal seat 24. 27 is the right telescope lever. 12' is a connecting hoop that connects the two internal interfaces. 28 is a screw and nut. 29 is a guide rail fixedly connected to the telescope base ring 3. It is movably connected to the U-shaped clamp 30 at the upper end of the lifting rod 35 via a pin 31 inserted into its slot. 32 is a support plate for the synchronization shaft 33; this synchronization shaft 33 synchronizes the starting, stopping, and ascending or descending speed of the left and right lifting rods 35 on the Japanese aircraft. Reference numeral 34 denotes the base plate of the trapezoidal housing 24. It is integrally connected to the two vertical rods of the trapezoidal housing 24 and serves as a common support, or carrier, for the left and right transmission gearboxes 2, the synchronizing shaft 33, and the lifting rod 35. Reference numeral 35 denotes the lifting rod of the dual-axis sun-following mechanism, typically a screw. It is connected to the elevation angle transmission assembly within the housing 2 and, via a pin 31 and guide rail 29, to the condenser 5, enabling the condenser 5 to rotate about the elevation axis to follow the sun. Reference numeral 36 denotes the anti-rotation groove that prevents the screw from rotating. It is movably connected to a protrusion fixed to the base plate 34 (covered within the housing 2) in the transmission gearbox 2, preventing the screw 35 from rotating. Reference numeral 37 denotes the mirror connecting rod that connects the left and right mirror units. The lifting rod is raised or lowered to drive the condenser to track the sun along its elevation angle.

[0057] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 Top view of . Figure 2 39 is the connecting plate between the two lifting rods 8, which connects the lifting rod 8 and the hanging plate 25 to suspend the vacuum pot 11. 37 is the connecting rod that connects the two large condenser frames on the left and right. 40 is the longitudinal reinforcement rod on the upper ring of the mirror. 41 is the two full static ports coming out of the azimuth static device. They are connected to the two external pipes 38 respectively. All other part numbers are the same as Figure 1 The same item numbers have the same meaning.

[0058] Figure 3 yes Figure 1 BB left side cross-sectional view. Figure 3The two hoses 43 inside the height variable static device 14 are shown in FIG. The two hoses 43 pass through the constraint cylinder 44. Figure 12 and 13 . Figure 3 40 of them are Figure 1 and Figure 2 The longitudinal reinforcement rod in the. 42 is the pad. The rest of the parts are Figure 1 and Figure 2 The same item numbers have the same meaning.

[0059] Figure 4 yes Figure 1 A vertical cross-sectional view of the vacuum pot 11 is provided to more clearly describe the internal structure of the vacuum pot. Figure 4 In the figure, 45 is the mouth of the vacuum pot. Figure 1 Component 12, inserted into the pot tube, forms a seal with the pot tube, for example by welding. 46 represents the transparent outer shell of the vacuum pot. 47 forms the vacuum interlayer between the inner and outer shells. 48 represents the inner shell, the outer surface of which is made of heat-absorbing material. There are several methods for manufacturing vacuum pots. One method involves first making a metal inner shell, then splitting the glass outer shell into two halves. These halves are then individually fabricated, wrapped around the inner shell, and welded together. Glass welding and encapsulation techniques are well-established and can be referenced in the manufacturing methods for metal-glass vacuum tubes.

[0060] Figure 5 It is a top view of a novel rod-type lightweight solar boiler with parallel piping components. Figure 5 and Figure 2 The only difference is that Figure 2 The connecting pipe between the left and right vacuum pots, located on the upper platform of the trapezoidal seat, has been replaced with Figure 5 The two tees located on the upper platform, Figure 2 The inlet and outlet of the interfaces at both ends of the connecting pipe are of different names, that is, if one end of the connecting pipe is connected to the static inlet interface, the other end must be connected to the static outlet interface. The remaining static interfaces on the left and right high-voltage transformers are directly connected to the azimuth static transformers through extension pipes, which is series connection; Figure 5 In the two tees 15″ located on the upper platform, the two transverse ports of each tee are connected to the inlet and outlet with the same name, that is, the two transverse ports of the same tee are connected to the static inlet interface or the static outlet interface, and the third port of each of the two tees is connected to the azimuth static device. For example, Figure 5 In the figure, 15″ are two tees, 41 is a connecting hoop with two full-static interfaces, and 38 is two external pipes connected to the full-static interfaces, one is an inlet pipe and the other is an outlet pipe. Figure 5 The meaning of the remaining part numbers in Figure 2 There is no need to repeat the description of the same.

[0061] Figure 6 This is a front view of a novel beam-type lightweight solar boiler with a grid condenser and parallel piping. In the figure, 1 is the azimuth axis, 2 is the transmission gearbox for the solar condenser (including the drive motor and controller), 3 is the connecting lens of the grid condenser, 4 is the grid bar, 5 is the main grid, 6 is the mirror plate, 7 is the reinforcement bar, 8 is the mirror beam, and 9 is the three-dimensional focuser (its structure is shown in the figure). Figure 14 、 15 and 16) are used to connect the support member, i.e. the reinforcing rod 7, and the outlet pot pipe 10, 10 is the outlet pot pipe of the medium, 11 is the straight-through vacuum pot (its structure see Figure 4 ), 12 is the mouth of the vacuum pot, which is connected to the inlet pot pipe 13, 14 is a height variable static device, one on the left and one on the right in the figure (its structure is shown in Figure 12 and Figure 13 ), which is formed by coinciding or approximately coinciding the center of the restraining tube of the static variable device with the extension line of the center line of the height axis 17 and installing it near the end of the height axis 17.

[0062] exist Figure 6 In the embodiment, the pipe connection between the two vacuum pots 11 outside the two ends of the height axis 17 is in parallel, and the specific connection process is as follows: Figure 6 The two tees are represented by item number 15. If the two horizontal ends of one tee are connected to the static outlet interface on the left and right, the two horizontal ends of the other tee must be connected to the static inlet interface on the left and right. The vertical ports of the two tees are connected to the azimuth static device 18 respectively. After coming out of the azimuth static device 18, they become two full static interfaces, as shown in the top view. Figure 7 As shown in 35, one is a fully static outlet interface and the other is a fully static inlet interface.

[0063] The left static outlet interface and the left static inlet interface are both located on the static port of the left high-pressure transformer. They are the extension pipes of the two pot pipes of the left vacuum pot located on the dynamic port of the left high-pressure transformer, and are transformed after passing through the left high-pressure transformer;

[0064] The right static outlet interface and the right static inlet interface are both located on the static port of the right high-voltage transformer. They are the extension pipes of the two pot pipes of the right vacuum pot 11 located on the dynamic port of the right high-voltage transformer, and are transformed after passing through the right high-voltage transformer.

[0065] Figure 6Reference numeral 16 denotes a support beam, the upper end of which is connected to the mirror-lifting beam 8 and the lower end of which is movably connected to the elevation shaft 17. Reference numeral 19 denotes a support shaft, the upper end of which is connected to the elevation shaft 17 and the lower end of which is connected to the upper platform of the trapezoidal seat 22. Reference numeral 20 denotes the power take-off plate of the azimuth speed change transmission system, which is fixedly connected to the trapezoidal seat 22. Reference numeral 21 denotes the azimuth speed change transmission case, and reference numeral 23 denotes the support plates of the elevation variable speed actuator, which are connected to both sides of the trapezoidal seat 22, one on the left and one on the right. 24 is a screw, 25 is a guide rail fixedly connected to the main grid plate 7, which is movably connected to the U-shaped clamping plate 26 of the lifting rod 31 through the pin 27 inserted into the guide slot hole, 28 is a support plate connecting the synchronization shaft 29 of the left and right speed change transmission boxes 2, and the support plate and the synchronization shaft are movably connected, 30 is the bottom plate of the trapezoidal seat 22, the trapezoidal seat and its bottom plate are integrated, 31 is the lifting rod, generally a screw, 32 is the anti-rotation groove of the screw 31, as described above. 33 is a mirror connecting plate, used to connect the two condenser units into one, such as Figure 7 34 is a support rod, one mirror unit has 4, the upper end of which is connected to form a "cross" shape of the horizontal and vertical reinforcement rods 7 (see Figure 7 ), the lower end of which is connected to the main grid plate 5.

[0066] Figure 7 yes Figure 6 A top view of the . Figure 7 In the figure, 15 is two tees, and the left and right ends of each tee are connected to the interfaces with the same name about the relatively static inlet and outlet interfaces. Because this is in parallel, as mentioned above, its two respective third ports are connected to the azimuth static device 18 respectively, and after coming out of the azimuth static device 18, they become two fully static interfaces such as item number 35. Figure 7 The rest of the part numbers are usually Figure 6 The same ones have the same meaning.

[0067] In order to describe it more clearly and vividly, the shape and cross-sectional view of the grid condenser are drawn separately, as shown in the figure. Figure 8 and 9 .

[0068] Figure 8 This is a front view of a grid condenser. In the figure, 5 is the main grid plate, which is circular and connected to the middle of the condenser plate 6. The condenser is generally a rotating parabola. 4 is the grid bar of the sub-grid plate, which is connected to both the main grid plate 5 and the connecting lens 3.

[0069] Figure 9 yes Figure 8 EE left sectional view, the part numbers in the figure are the same as Figure 8 The same.

[0070] Figure 10 This is the GG main cross-sectional view of the cavity pot type collector. Figure 10In the figure, 1 is the outlet pipe, which is connected to two branching inclined pipes 2 to form a three-way outlet pipe. The two inclined pipes 2 are connected to a heat chamber 9, which contains the heated working medium. There can be more than two branching inclined pipes, all of which are connected to the heat chamber at one end and converge at the other end to form a single outlet pipe, such as 1. 3 is a support plate, which supports a transparent windshield 4. Its lower end is fixedly connected to the junction of outlet pipes 1 and 2. The windshield 4 is convex and located above the light inlet 5 of the heat absorption chamber 10. There is a gap between it and the edge of the light inlet 5 to allow convection between the hot air in the heat absorption chamber 10 and the outside world. 6 is the outer convex shell of the cavity pot, 7 is the insulation material, 8 is the inner convex shell of the cavity pot, which is sealed with the outer convex shell 6 near the light inlet 5 to form a sandwich heat-using cavity 9. 10 is the heat-absorbing cavity, on the cavity wall, that is, on the inner surface of the inner convex shell, there is a layer of heat-absorbing material, and 11 is the inlet pot pipe.

[0071] Figure 11 yes Figure 10 Left side view of the body, not cut away.

[0072] Figure 12 This is the front view of the azimuth-static variable device. In the figure, 1 is the two static hoses extending from the clamping hoop (also called the clamping hoop) of the static variable device (this opening is called the static opening), 2 is the tube bundle insulation bag of these two hoses, 3 is the clamping hoop, which is connected to the shroud plate of the chamber shell, and 4 is the fixing plate for external connection (see Figure 13 ), 5 is a cavity shell, which is composed of two facing plates and a belt-shaped plate wrapped around the periphery of the two plates, connected to each other to form a cavity shell. Figure 13 As can be seen, the shape of this cavity shell is somewhat similar to that of a drum used for beating gongs and drums. 6 is the insulation layer, which fully surrounds the cavity shell plate, 7 is the main body of the variable static device, 8 is the tube bundle insulation package at the moving port, and 9 is the bending hoop, which is used to integrate the two moving tubes into a tube bundle package and connect it with the constraint tube to bend the tube bundle package into 90 degrees so that it can rotate in the constraint tube (see Figure 13 10 is an external moving hard pipe, 11 is a connecting hoop that connects the two moving interfaces of the two hoses 1" and the moving interfaces of the two external hard pipes 10 into one body, called a connecting hoop; the inside of the variable static device must be a hose, generally a high-temperature resistant metal bellows. 12 is the upper platform of the trapezoidal seat in the height axis frame of the Japanese machine. The center line of the tube bundle 8 and Figure 12 The center line of the constraint cylinder 15 in the azimuth variable static device is aligned with the extension line of the azimuth axis center line (see Figure 1The middle part number 1) is installed to coincide with or approximately coincide with each other. If it is a high-speed transformer, it is installed to coincide with or approximately coincide with the extension line of the center line of the height axis. 1" is two hoses extending from the constraint cylinder of the static transformer. The inside or outside of the constraint cylinder is called the dynamic port of the static transformer. 13 is a connecting hoop located on the static port of the static transformer. It is a hoop that connects the two full-static interfaces of the two hoses 1 extending from the static transformer clamping hoop and the two external pipes 14.

[0073] exist Figure 12 In the figure, the whole bending hoop 9 is fixed on the trapezoidal seat platform 12 of the following machine to ensure that the center line of the restraint cylinder 15 of the variable static device coincides or approximately coincides with the extension line of the azimuth axis of the following machine. Figure 13 However, the azimuth-variable static device 7 cannot be installed on the platform 12, and the azimuth-variable static device is fixedly connected to the fixed azimuth axis base plate.

[0074] If the azimuth variable static device is to be turned into a height variable static device, then there is no need for the whole bending hoop 9, but the variable static device 7 is fixed on both sides of the trapezoidal seat near the altitude axis two ends of the day machine to ensure that the azimuth variable static device is turned into a height variable static device. Figure 13 The centerline of the constraint cylinder 15 in the machine coincides or approximately coincides with the centerline of the height axis. Therefore, a machine must have two height changers. The height changer is referred to as a height changer.

[0075] Figure 13 yes Figure 12 BB top cross-sectional view. 1′ in the figure represents the bending motion state of the hose inside the variable-static device. During operation, the tube bundle in the constraint cylinder 15 rotates back and forth continuously in the constraint cylinder 15, and the two hoses 1′ also bend and deform continuously. However, since the tube bundle is tightly bound by the clamp (a clip can be used if necessary), the tube bundle inside the clamp cannot rotate. Therefore, after coming out of the clamp 3, the tube bundle is stationary. The two hoses in the variable-static device do not need to be wrapped with insulation material, so they can rotate very flexibly and are very short. The high-temperature insulation material generally needs to be 10 cm thick. If it is wrapped on a metal bellows, that is, the diameter becomes more than 20 cm, it will be difficult to bend. Outside the variable-static device, both the moving pipe (for example, the inlet and outlet boiler pipes are moving pipes) and the static pipe can be a hard pipe, which is much cheaper than a metal bellows. This not only reduces the cost of the machine, but also greatly increases the aesthetics. Moreover, because the bellows has a great resistance to the flow of the medium, if the bellows is long, the circulation pump will consume a lot of power. The hard pipe wall is smooth and the pipe resistance is small. In order to more clearly express the movement shape of the two hoses in the cavity shell, Figure 13 The hose diameter is reduced.

[0076] exist Figure 13 In the figure, 16 is a screw. Figure 12 The same part numbers have the same meaning.

[0077] Figure 14 This is the main view of the 3D focuser. Figure 15 is its left view, Figure 16 It is a top view of GG cross-section. Figure 14 1 is the pipe seat plate, which can be raised and lowered, 2 is the pot pipe, 3 is the screw, 4 is the nut, and the upper end of the screw is fixed on the U-shaped plate 5. Figure 15 6 is a clamp, which holds the pot tube 2 tightly and fixes it on the tube seat plate 1, and 7 is a nut. Figure 16 8 is the screw and nut fastener of the clamp, and 9 is the guide groove on the tube base plate. Loosen the screw 8, and the pot tube 2 can be shifted forward and backward along the guide groove on the tube base plate. The displacement of the pot tube is equivalent to the displacement of the vacuum pot. This is the first-dimensional direction adjustment and focus. The second-dimensional direction shift focus is to loosen the screw 8, and the pot tube 2 can be shifted along its length. The purpose is to move the center of the vacuum pot to the focus or focal center of the condenser. The third-dimensional direction shift focus is to Figure 15 The left and right symmetrical nuts 7 are loosened so that the tube base plate 1 can be moved up and down along the screw to focus. In our three-dimensional space, the vacuum pot can be shifted in three directions, so the center of the vacuum pot can always be moved to coincide with the focus of the condenser or the center of the focal spot.

[0078] In addition to the above embodiments, more embodiments of the present invention can be listed, all of which fall within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

[0079] The advantages of the utility model are:

[0080] 1. A simple and lightweight lifting rod frame for point-focusing solar collectors was invented to replace the complex and bulky frames of current dish-type solar collectors, thereby significantly reducing costs and saving steel.

[0081] 2. The invention of the height variable static device and the azimuth variable static device makes it very convenient to connect the pipeline containing the working medium to the outside and greatly reduces the length of the pipeline and the resistance to the fluid, which is beneficial to heat preservation and cost reduction.

[0082] 3. It overcomes the shortcomings of dish-type concentrating solar collectors, such as difficulty in heat output and heat storage. Therefore, the dish-type Stirling generator can be moved from high altitude to the ground, which can save costs and facilitate the circulation of cold and heat sources.

[0083] 4. The tower-type concentrating solar collector, one of the point focusing methods, overcomes the problem that the optical path after the heliostat reflects is too long, making it difficult to aim at the receiver, and suffers from light and heat loss due to air heat dissipation. Therefore, the light-to-heat conversion efficiency of the present invention is much higher than that of the tower type.

[0084] 5. The heavy loading rack (the main part of the original rack) used in the original Sunshine Boiler Machine, which used a lot of steel and thus increased the cost, was replaced with a mirror lifting rod, which is both lighter and reduces the cost.

[0085] 6. This overcomes the shortcomings of existing solar thermal power generation tower and dish-type heat absorbers, which are exposed to air and suffer from severe heat loss due to air convection and high-altitude wind. The invention of a vacuum pan collector can increase the solar-thermal conversion efficiency from 38% for tower-type solar thermal systems to over 81%.

[0086] 7. The invention of two static-variable devices eliminates the original solar boiler's "stationary interface" that does not translate but still rotates slightly. The present invention improves this interface, transforming the large bidirectional movement in both azimuth and elevation directions into a completely stationary external interface. This allows heated working fluid to be transported externally without the need for dynamic sealing pipe joints. This is both safe and convenient, completely eliminating the problem of working fluid leakage and fires caused by dynamic seals in existing technologies (such as the dynamic seals that sometimes cause fire accidents in current trough-type solar thermal power plants). Furthermore, it facilitates underground heat storage, enabling ultra-large-scale heat storage and long heat retention, which is very important for both solar heating and solar thermal power generation.

[0087] The invention of the CSP will completely resolve the global problem of nearly 60 years in which, despite offering the highest efficiency in solar thermal and solar-to-electricity conversion, dish-type CSP plants have been found to be virtually nonexistent among the 300 or 400 CSP plants worldwide due to their dual-axis and high solar oscillation, making them incapable of storing heat underground. To date, dish-type CSP plants can only generate electricity with a single Stirling generator, and their high cost makes them difficult to commercialize.

[0088] 8. The two long tee pipes made of stainless steel bellows and constantly swinging used in the sunlight boiler machine I originally invented have been eliminated, which reduces the resistance of the pipeline to the fluid, reduces the cost, and greatly increases the aesthetics (in the second solution, that is, the parallel pipeline, although tee pipes are also used, the presence of a static device prevents the tee pipes from swinging, so hard pipes can be used instead of bellows, which can prevent the insulation material from being worn out, save costs, and have little resistance to the fluid).

[0089] 9. I invented a straight-through vacuum pot, which solved the problem of the vacuum pot I originally invented, in which high-temperature resistant working fluids, such as lead-bismuth alloy, would be trapped in dead corners and circulate poorly.

[0090] 10. The special pot hanging rack with a long cantilever, as well as components such as the main support rod and the oblique support rod used in the original Sunshine boiler machine have been eliminated, which not only reduces weight but also saves steel, thereby reducing costs.

[0091] 11. If used for solar thermal power generation, it is easy to achieve high concentration multiples and high temperatures due to its dual-axis and solar point focusing, so it can improve the thermoelectric conversion efficiency of steam turbines or steam engines used in Brunton cycle.

Claims

1. A novel and lightweight solar boiler, referred to as the novel solar boiler, comprises a dual-axis automatic sun-following mechanism, a concentrator assembly, a heat collector assembly, a frame assembly, a medium pipeline assembly including two types of static-variable devices, and a driver. Its characteristics are: A. The dual-axis automatic sun-following machine and frame include an azimuth tracking mechanism and an altitude tracking system, as well as a frame, a driver, and a controller. Hereinafter, the dual-axis automatic sun-following machine is referred to as the sun-following machine. (a) The azimuth tracking mechanism comprises an azimuth axis frame, a variable speed transmission component, and a driver. The azimuth axis frame comprises an azimuth axis, an azimuth base plate, and an azimuth core shaft, which are fixedly connected to each other. The azimuth axis, referred to as the azimuth axis, is fixedly mounted on a ground plane or a platform. The azimuth base plate and azimuth core shaft, fixedly connected to its upper end, serve as the carrier of the azimuth tracking mechanism formed by the variable speed transmission component. The azimuth base plate is connected perpendicularly to the azimuth axis, and the azimuth core shaft is connected perpendicularly to the base plate. The driver, i.e., the motor, causes the azimuth tracking mechanism to rotate about the azimuth core shaft to follow the sun. The terminal end of the azimuth tracking mechanism constitutes a trapezoidal seat platform fixedly connected to the trapezoidal seat of the altitude axis frame, carrying the altitude tracking system and rotating about the azimuth axis to follow the sun. (b) The elevation tracking system comprises an elevation axis, an elevation axis frame, a variable speed transmission component, a supporting lifting mechanism, and a driver. The elevation axis is referred to as the elevation axis, and the trapezoidal seat platform in the frame serves as the carrier of the elevation axis. The terminal end of the variable speed transmission component, which is driven by the driver, is the supporting lifting mechanism, which is connected to the concentrator component and the heat collector component to drive the concentrator component and the heat collector component to rotate about the elevation axis to track the sun in the direction of the solar elevation angle. (c) The height axis and its frame components include the height axis and its support pile, an axis-mirror connector and a trapezoidal seat, the height axis and its support pile are located on the trapezoidal seat platform, the upper end of the support pile is connected to the height axis, and the lower end thereof is fixed to the platform; the axis-mirror connector is either a lifting rod type or a lifting beam type, and there are two ways of connecting the height axis and the pulling mirror ring in the lifting rod type axis-mirror connector, either indirect, that is, the upper end of the lifting rod and the pulling mirror ring are fixedly connected to each other; the lower end of the lifting rod and the condenser frame are fixedly connected to each other, the lower end of the pulling mirror ring is fixedly connected to the upper end of the support pile, the lower end of the support pile is movably connected to the height axis, and the height axis and the support pile are fixedly connected; the connection method of the pulling mirror ring and the height axis is either direct, that is, the pulling mirror ring is directly connected to the height axis without passing through the support pile, and under this condition, the height axis and the support pile must be movably connected; The platform is located above the trapezoidal seat, and the base plate is located below the platform. The base plate is a common carrier for the speed-changing transmission box and synchronous transmission shaft or synchronous transmission chain of the altitude angle tracking system of the tracking machine, as well as the lifting rod extending from the speed-changing transmission box and the driver in the altitude angle direction. The controller of the tracking machine is also located on the trapezoidal seat. Hereinafter, the novel and portable solar boiler machine with the lifting rod as the axis-mirror connector is referred to as the rod-type novel solar boiler machine, and the novel and portable solar boiler machine with the lifting beam as the axis-mirror connector is referred to as the beam-type novel solar boiler machine; B. The condenser component is a condenser component that can concentrate sunlight into a focus or a focal spot. A condenser component that uses the sun to produce a focus or a focal spot is called a condenser unit. The condenser component is also a frame condenser, which has a frame as its framework. Or a frameless grid condenser, which uses a grid as its framework; The frame condenser includes an upper mirror ring, a lower mirror ring, a mirror back rod and a mirror plate. The mirror back rod fixedly connects the upper mirror ring and the lower mirror ring to form a mirror frame. The mirror plate is connected to the frame. The grid condenser includes a main grid plate, a sub-grid plate and a mirror plate. The main grid plate is circular and connected to each sub-grid plate. The sub-grid plate is either a single plate or formed by fixedly connecting a grid rod and a connecting lens. The main grid plate and the sub-grid plate are both connected to the mirror plate. Both the rod-type and beam-type solar boilers consist of two concentrating mirror units located at either end of their height axis. A connecting rod parallel to the height axis connects the two concentrating mirror units, or there is no connecting rod between them. The lower end of each lifting rod of the rod-type solar boiler is either fixedly connected to the frame of the frame concentrating mirror or directly or indirectly fixedly connected to the main grid of the grid concentrating mirror. The upper ends of all lifting rods are connected to the pull ring. The lower or middle portion of the condenser assembly is connected to a lifting rod via a guide rail fixedly connected to the condenser frame. The guide rail is either fixedly connected to the frame of the frame condenser or directly or indirectly fixedly connected to the main grid of the grid condenser. The lifting rod is connected to the variable speed transmission component of the altitude angle tracking system of the tracking aircraft in a transmission manner on the one hand, and is also connected to the guide rail in a sliding or rolling manner on the other hand. C. The heat collector component is a heat collector of a vacuum pot component, or a cavity pot type heat collector. The vacuum pot component heat collector includes a vacuum pot, two pot nozzles and two pot tubes. The vacuum pot is a spherical tube straight-through type, which includes a pot shell and a pot nozzle. The pot shell is composed of a spherical shell inner pot shell and an outer pot shell. There is a vacuum between the inner and outer pot shells. The outer pot shell is transparent. The outer surface of the inner pot shell has a selective heat absorption layer. There are two short tubular pot nozzles on the inner and outer pot shells. On each pot nozzle, there is an inner The inner pot spout is the sealed connection between the pot shell and the outer pot shell, extending beyond the transparent outer pot spout. These two inner pot spouts are called the inlet pot spout and the outlet pot spout, respectively, based on the flow direction of the medium. The center point of the pot shell coincides or nearly coincides with the focus or focal spot center of the condenser. Each inner pot spout is connected to a pot pipe, and only the inner pot spout can form a sealed connection with the pot pipe. The pot pipe connected to the inlet pot spout is called the inlet pot pipe, and the pot pipe connected to the outlet pot spout is called the outlet pot pipe. A spherical tube-shaped straight-through vacuum pan, referred to as a straight-through vacuum pan, has one pan tube connected directly or indirectly to the lifting rod or the lifting beam, and another pan tube connected to the frame of the frame condenser or directly or indirectly to the main grid of the grid condenser. A vacuum pan is installed at each end of the height axis, with the pan center coinciding or approximately coinciding with the focus or focal spot center of the corresponding condenser. D. The so-called static-changing device is a device that changes a pipe with a dynamic interface at one end into a static interface at the other end. The pipe for transporting high-temperature fluid has an inlet at one end and an outlet at the other end. However, the law of the dynamic-static changing device is: all static-changing devices connected in the pipeline change one end of the dynamic outlet interface into a static outlet interface at the other end; change one end of the dynamic inlet interface into a static inlet interface at the other end, that is, the nature of "inlet" and "outlet" in the pipeline is not changed; the static-changing device includes a cavity shell, a tightening hoop, a restraining tube, two high-temperature resistant, easy-to-straighten and easy-to-bend hoses and thermal insulation materials. The cavity shell is a hollow cavity. The shell, this cavity is composed of at least three plates, two of which are facing each other, these two plates are called end plates of the variable static device, and the other is a shroud plate, the shroud plate is a curved plate formed by wrapping the periphery of the two end plates tightly with a belt-shaped plate and connecting the two peripheries. The tightening hoop is also called a tightening hoop, which is connected to the shroud plate or to the end plate through an end plate. The tightening hoop is either a single-tube tightening hoop or a double-tube tightening hoop. The double-tube tightening hoop is to merge one end of each of the two hoses located inside the cavity shell into a tube bundle, and bundle the two together to make The ends of these two hoses are fixed with hoops; there are two single-tube tightening hoops, and each tightening hoop is used to tie one end of a hose to make it fixed; the area near the outer opening of any tightening hoop is called the static port of the variable-static device, and there is a static interface of the hose near each static port. The other end of each of the two hoses, after having sufficient bending length in the cavity shell of the variable-static device, must enter the constraint cylinder, and before or after entering the constraint cylinder of the variable-static device, each constitutes a dynamic interface. Therefore, each variable-static device has 4 interfaces, two of which are dynamic interfaces, and two are static interfaces. The dynamic interface is located at the dynamic port of the variable-static device, about The inside of the constraint tube or the vicinity of its two ends are called the dynamic port of the variable-static device, the static interface is located at the static port of the variable-static device, and the static port of the variable-static device is near the outer port of the tightening hoop; the so-called interface is the port or the port of the pipe joint that will be connected to other pipes; in any case, the two pipes rotate back and forth when working in the constraint tube, pulling the two hoses in the variable-static device to reciprocate; the constraint tube is a hollow tube, which either passes through one end face of the cavity shell and is fixedly connected to the end panel, or passes through the shroud surface and is fixedly connected to the shroud plate, and the position of the constraint tube on the cavity shell is away from the tightening hoop; the outer surface of the cavity shell is completely wrapped with heat insulating material; The static variable device is either an azimuth static variable device or an altitude static variable device. The cavity shell of the azimuth static variable device is directly or indirectly fixedly connected to the absolutely stationary azimuth axis base plate connected to the azimuth axis. The center line of the constraint cylinder of the azimuth static variable device must coincide with or approximately coincide with the extension line of the center line of the azimuth axis. Therefore, it is located near the middle of the altitude axis of the following aircraft. The altitude static variable device is fixedly connected to the trapezoidal seat of the following aircraft. The center line of the constraint cylinder of the altitude static variable device must coincide with or approximately coincide with the extension line of the center line of the altitude axis. Therefore, there are two altitude static variable devices, which are respectively located on both sides of the trapezoidal seat near the two ends of the altitude axis. The altitude static variable device is referred to as an altitude variable device for short. E. The medium piping component is a piping component containing three static-variable devices. The piping component containing three static-variable devices includes an azimuth static-variable device, two height static-variable devices, two vacuum pots, four interfaces, four pot pipes, and connecting pipes. The piping component connects the two vacuum pots at both ends of the height axis and is connected to the outlet and inlet pipes of the medium transmitted from outside the machine. The two vacuum pots can be connected in series or in parallel. Regarding connecting pipes, we first need to clarify two concepts. In the series pipeline, the connecting pipe between the left and right high-voltage transformers is called a connecting pipe, and the connecting pipe between the high-voltage transformer and the azimuth transformer, or the connecting pipe between the high-voltage transformer and the boiler pipe is called an extension pipe. The following convention is used: when a person is observing the altitude axis, the person's left side is called the left end of the altitude axis; the person's right side is called the right end of the altitude axis; and the vacuum pot, its pot tube, and altitude transformer outside the left end of the altitude axis are referred to as the left vacuum pot, left pot tube, and left altitude transformer, respectively. The vacuum pot, its pot tube, and altitude transformer outside the right end of the altitude axis are referred to as the right vacuum pot, right pot tube, and right altitude transformer, respectively. Simply put, the so-called series connection is to use a connecting pipe placed horizontally on the trapezoidal seat, with its two ends connecting the left static outlet interface of the left high-voltage transformer and the right static inlet interface of the right high-voltage transformer. Then, there is an extension pipe connecting the left static inlet interface of the left high-voltage transformer and a dynamic interface of the azimuth static transformer; there is also an extension pipe connecting the right static outlet interface of the right high-voltage transformer and another dynamic interface of the azimuth static transformer; the static outlet and static inlet interfaces of the left high-voltage transformer are respectively formed by the left outlet boiler pipe and the left inlet boiler pipe connected to its dynamic interface through the left high-voltage transformer; similarly, the static inlet and static outlet interfaces of the right high-voltage transformer are respectively formed by the right inlet boiler pipe and the right outlet boiler pipe connected to its dynamic interface through the right high-voltage transformer. This is the first type of series piping; What is said here is that the connecting pipe connects the left static outlet and the right static inlet interface. The same is true in reverse, that is, the left static inlet and the right static outlet interface are connected with a connecting pipe, and then the left static outlet and the right static inlet interface are respectively connected with the two dynamic interfaces of the azimuth static transformer through two extension pipes. The left static outlet and the left static inlet interface are formed by the left outlet boiler pipe and the left inlet boiler pipe connected by the dynamic interface of the left high-pressure transformer through the left high-pressure transformer. The right static inlet and the right static outlet interface are formed by the right inlet boiler pipe and the right outlet boiler pipe connected by the dynamic interface of the right high-pressure transformer through the right high-pressure transformer. This is the second type of series piping; The detailed connection process is as follows: after extending the two boiler pipes of the left vacuum boiler, they are respectively connected to the two dynamic interfaces of the left high-voltage transformer. After passing through the left high-voltage transformer, two static interfaces that do not rotate around the height axis are formed. One is called the left static inlet interface, and the other is called the left static outlet interface. The left static inlet interface is formed by extending the inlet boiler pipe connected to the dynamic interface of the left high-voltage transformer, and the left static outlet interface is formed by extending the outlet boiler pipe connected to the dynamic interface of the left high-voltage transformer. After connecting the inlet and outlet pipes of the right vacuum pot to an extension pipe respectively, they are connected to the two dynamic interfaces of the right high-voltage transformer. After passing through the right high-voltage transformer, two static interfaces are formed. These two static interfaces are formed by extending the inlet and outlet pipes connected to the dynamic interface of the right high-voltage transformer. Therefore, one is called the right static inlet interface and the other is called the right static outlet interface. A connecting pipe is placed horizontally on the trapezoidal seat platform, and its left port is connected to the left static port near the left high-voltage transformer or is first connected to the left static inlet interface, and its right port must be connected to the right static outlet interface of the right high-voltage transformer because it is connected in series; what remains on the static port of the left high-voltage transformer is the left static outlet interface, which is connected to the dynamic interface of the azimuth static transformer through an extension pipe. After passing through the azimuth static transformer, it becomes a full static outlet interface, because it is formed by extending the left static outlet interface of the left high-voltage transformer. It is called a "full static outlet interface" because it rotates neither around the altitude axis nor around the azimuth axis. The remaining one is the right static inlet interface on the static port of the right high-voltage transformer. This interface is also connected to an extension pipe and connected to the remaining dynamic interface of the azimuth static transformer. After passing through the azimuth static transformer, it becomes a full static inlet interface because it is formed by extending the right static inlet interface of the right high-voltage transformer. This is the first series pipe connection method. The second series method is as follows: The same is true in reverse, that is, the left end of a connecting pipe is connected to the left static outlet interface. Since it is in series, the right end of the connecting pipe must be connected to the right static inlet interface; what remains outside the left end of the altitude axis is the left static inlet interface, which is connected to one end of the extension pipe, and the other end of the extension pipe is connected to the dynamic interface of the azimuth-static changer. After passing through the azimuth-static changer, it becomes a full static inlet interface; the right static outlet interface remaining outside the right end of the altitude axis is connected to one end of another extension pipe, and the other end of the extension pipe is connected to the remaining dynamic interface of the azimuth-static changer. After passing through the azimuth-static changer, it becomes a full static outlet interface. This is the second serial pipe connection method.

2. The novel and lightweight solar boiler according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The cavity-pot type solar collector comprises a heat-using cavity, a heat-absorbing cavity, a light-inlet window, a windshield, an outlet pot tube, an inlet pot tube and a heat-insulating material. The heat-using cavity is a sandwich container formed by sealingly connecting an outer convex shell and an inner convex shell at the edge of the light-inlet. This container is connected to the outlet pot tube near the light-inlet and to the inlet pot tube at the top of the outer convex shell. The outer surface of the outer convex shell is surrounded by heat-insulating material. A transparent windshield is provided on the light-inlet. There is a gap between the windshield and the edge of the light-inlet. The heat-absorbing cavity is formed by the inner surface of the inner convex shell coated with a heat-absorbing layer, i.e., the concave surface. The outlet pot tube is formed by two or more branch pipes connected to the heat-using cavity and converging into a total outlet pot tube.

3. The novel and portable solar boiler according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The parallel connection piping components include two vacuum pots outside the height axis end and their four pot pipes, two high-voltage transformers, two tees, and connecting pipes. The inlet and outlet pot pipes of the left and right vacuum pots are connected through the left and right high-voltage transformers to form the static interfaces. Two tees are used to form parallel piping. The left and right ends of the tees are connected to the static interfaces of the same name; that is, both ends are connected to the static inlet interface or the static outlet interface. The specific structure is detailed as follows: Connect the two dynamic interfaces of the left high-voltage transformer to the left inlet boiler pipe and the left outlet boiler pipe of the left vacuum pot respectively. The two static interfaces of the left high-voltage transformer, which are connected to the left inlet boiler pipe, are called the left static inlet interface, and the ones connected to the left outlet boiler pipe are called the left static outlet interface; connect the two dynamic interfaces of the right high-voltage transformer to the right inlet boiler pipe and the right outlet boiler pipe of the right vacuum pot respectively. The two static interfaces of the right high-voltage transformer, which are connected to the right inlet boiler pipe, are called the right static inlet interface, and the ones connected to the right outlet boiler pipe are called the right static outlet interface. Then, there are two tee pipes placed horizontally in the trapezoidal shape. The two ends of one tee are connected to the left static inlet interface and the right static inlet interface respectively, and the two ends of the other tee are connected to the left static outlet interface and the right static outlet interface respectively. The third port of each of these two tees is connected to the two dynamic interfaces of the azimuth-static device respectively, so there are two full-static interfaces on the static port of the azimuth-static device, one is connected to the tee connecting the two outlet interfaces and is called the full-static outlet interface, and the other is connected to the tee connecting the two inlet interfaces and is called the full-static inlet interface.

4. The novel and portable solar boiler according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The pot tube of the vacuum pot and its support are connected in an indirect or direct manner through a three-dimensional focusing device. The three-dimensional focusing device includes a U-shaped plate, a tube seat plate, a clamping hoop and screws and nuts. The tube seat plate is a carrier of the pot tube. The tube seat plate has a hollowed-out guide groove. The pot tube is mounted on the tube seat plate perpendicular to the guide groove by a clamping hoop. The clamping hoop is a hoop that binds the pot tube tightly and is fixed to the tube seat plate that can be moved along the guide groove by screws and nuts. This is one-dimensional displacement along the guide groove; the U-shaped plate is a carrier of the tube seat plate. It is fixedly connected to the external support member. The U-shaped plate is connected to the tube seat plate that can be raised and lowered along the screw by a screw. This is the second-dimensional lifting and shifting focusing along the screw. The third-dimensional focusing direction of the pot tube is along its tube length. The clamping hoop is connected to the tube seat plate in a loose and tight manner by a screw so that the pot tube can be moved forward, backward and adjusted along its length.

5. The novel and portable solar boiler according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The two ends of the lifting beam of the beam-type novel solar boiler machine are either respectively connected to the frames of the two frame concentrators outside the height axis end, or respectively connected to the total grid of the two grid concentrators; the middle part of the lifting beam is connected to the supporting beam pile connected to the height axis; the lower end of the supporting beam pile is movably connected to the height axis.

Images