Energy storage battery system power switch based on CAN FD bus

Abstract

An energy storage battery system power switch based on a CAN FD bus is composed of an LCD liquid crystal screen, a double CAN FD bus socket, a built-in control circuit, a high-power direct-current explosion-proof relay and a base frame, and all the parts except the CAN FD bus socket are packaged in a topological structure surrounded by an upper cover with the LCD liquid crystal screen and the base frame. In the control circuit, through a two-way current sensor and a two-way digital temperature sensor, temperature monitoring of an input current, an output current, an input circuit side and an output circuit side is increased, and the reliability of the power switch of the energy storage battery system is directly ensured. The method can be widely applied to control of various kinds of energy storage battery system power supply equipment based on the CAN FD bus or control of high-voltage and large-current switches of a large-power power supply and distribution unit, and the application prospect is very wide.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a power switch for an energy storage battery system based on the CAN FD local area bus, which is mainly used for high-voltage and high-current switch control of a high-power power supply and distribution unit or as a switch control for the DC main power supply of a new energy energy storage battery system. Background Art

[0002] DC circuit breakers are often used as the DC main power switch for battery-powered automation control equipment. They are also essential components in new energy electric vehicles, backup energy storage battery systems, and other automation control equipment. However, traditional DC circuit breakers, as DC main power switches, have significant shortcomings. As early as 2012, the inventors filed a patent for an "integrated DC circuit breaker," patent number ZL201210050355.2. This patent describes a design for an electromagnetic DC circuit breaker with a simple structure, ease of use, and high reliability. However, due to the passage of time, this invention still has many shortcomings. These include: 1. The DC circuit breaker lacks basic energy management functions; 2. It lacks an alarm function for overloads; 3. It lacks an online indicator for real-time current consumption; 4. It relies solely on external fuses for protection, resulting in a slow response; and 5. The DC circuit breaker's load current cannot be freely set within the maximum load current range. Consequently, different models of DC circuit breakers with different capacities must be selected, which is quite cumbersome. In 2017, the inventor proposed specific improvements to Patent No. ZL201210050355.2, releasing a solution specifically for a "DC circuit breaker for electric vehicles" (Patent No. ZL201710716267.4). Now, with the rise of new energy batteries, in 2024, the inventor proposed a "power switch for an energy storage battery system based on the CAN FD bus," building on CAN with Flexible Data-Rate (CAN FD), an extended version of the CAN bus. Because CAN FD allows for larger data packets during communication, this innovative improvement is clearly in line with the trend of keeping pace with the times.

[0003] It should be noted that, due to the passage of time, even the best products will eventually retire. However, continuous innovation through technological iteration has made it possible for DC circuit breakers to undergo a complete transformation and achieve healthy growth throughout their lifecycle. Therefore, the invention proposed in this application truly reflects a process of market demand and innovation catalysis: discarding outdated features and incorporating new elements, enabling many products to achieve excellent performance throughout their entire lifecycle, ensuring a strong "long tail" effect for the improved products. This is also the result of the mutual promotion of business acumen and technological innovation. It can be said that this type of invention does not inherently revolutionize anything, but this modest innovation effectively inherits the advantages of the original product and significantly expands its functionality and application scope, gradually moving the product towards a balance point of customer acceptance. In this sense, this innovation fully embodies a gradual and iterative process of product growth. Indeed, innovation activities that adhere to integrity and growth have indeed brought many unexpected surprises. As long as each substantial product improvement within the product's lifecycle produces a positive cumulative effect, the inertia of this innovation drives continuous product upgrades, and the positive competition brought about by innovation precisely promotes economic growth.

[0004] Today, new DC circuit breakers are being applied not only in electric vehicles but also in autonomous driving and backup energy storage battery systems. These are also crucial infrastructure equipment replacing energy storage pumped hydropower stations and compressed air energy power stations. The addition of the CAN FD local bus has further promoted the application of new DC circuit breakers in energy storage battery systems and autonomous vehicles, and their market prospects are extremely broad. Without energy, nothing can happen on Earth. The DC main power switch is an essential overall safety control component in energy storage battery systems. In particular, the high-voltage and high-current switching control of PCS energy storage converters and high-power power supply and distribution units widely used in energy storage battery systems goes beyond the capabilities of ordinary switches. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Based on this, the applicant proposed a power switch design scheme for an energy storage battery system based on a CAN FD local area network that is completely different from traditional technical ideas.

[0006] The specific contents are as follows:

[0007] The CAN FD bus-based energy storage battery system power switch includes an upper cover, a base frame, a CAN FD bus socket, a PCB circuit board, and an explosion-proof high-power relay. The key points are:

[0008] The power switch of the energy storage battery system based on the CAN FD bus has an LCD screen embedded in the hexagonal part of its upper cover, and the LCD screen is surrounded by a power indicator light, a discharge indicator light, a communication indicator light, and a charging indicator light;

[0009] The part where the upper cover is connected to the base frame is a cylinder, and the cylinder part of the upper cover is engraved with an upper cover external thread. The part where the base frame is connected to the upper cover is also a cylinder, and the cylinder part of the base frame is engraved with a base frame internal thread. The upper cover external thread is matched with the base frame internal thread, and then the upper cover and the base frame (2) are connected into a whole;

[0010] The CAN FD bus socket is a four-wire structure and is connected to the base frame in a spiral manner;

[0011] The flameproof high-power relay has an isolation slot, and its two binding posts serve as switch input and output terminals and are connected to a sampling copper plate. The sampling copper plate has a sampling screw, and a digital temperature sensor is fixed to the sampling screw. The digital temperature sensor is encapsulated in a temperature sensing cover, and the bent leg pin of the digital temperature sensor is connected to the PCB circuit board via a connecting wire. Then, four screws pass through the flameproof high-power relay mounting hole and are connected to the flameproof high-power relay hole on the base frame to form a whole.

[0012] The inner wall of the base frame is provided with a circle of base frame reinforcement ribs, and four PCB circuit board fixing holes are opened on the base frame reinforcement ribs. The PCB circuit board is installed on the base frame reinforcement ribs, and the fixing screws are passed through the PCB circuit board positioning holes and the PCB circuit board fixing holes on the base frame reinforcement ribs to fix the PCB circuit board;

[0013] The PCB circuit board is welded with a single-chip microcomputer chip, a CAN FD interface chip, a logic driver chip, a high-speed optical coupling chip, a control cable connected to the LCD, a dual-channel filter, an electrolytic capacitor group, a dual-channel current sensor, an E-group VMOS transistor, and a G-group VMOS transistor. Among them, the single-chip microcomputer chip is the core control component of the power switch of the energy storage battery system based on the CAN FD bus, the high-speed optical coupling chip and the CAN FD interface chip provide the optoelectronic isolation logic circuit of the CAN FD interface, and the dual-channel current sensor is responsible for current input and current output.

[0014] Furthermore, there are base frame fixing holes A and base frame fixing holes B on both sides of the base frame, which are used to fix the installation position of the power switch of the energy storage battery system based on the CAN FD bus.

[0015] Furthermore, the upper cover and the base frame are both injection-molded from engineering plastics.

[0016] Furthermore, the digital temperature sensor is encapsulated in a temperature sensing cover, and then two sampling screws are passed through the mounting hole of the temperature sensing cover to fix the digital temperature sensor on the sampling copper plate. The temperature sensing surfaces of the two digital temperature sensors are tightly attached to the two sampling copper plates of the explosion-proof high-power relay. One path is used to monitor the input side temperature, and the other path is used to monitor the output side temperature.

[0017] Furthermore, the LCD screen embedded in the upper cover is rectangular, and the power indicator light, discharge indicator light, communication indicator light, and charging indicator light on the four sides of the LCD screen are all composed of LED light-emitting diodes; this shows that the power switch of the energy storage battery system based on the CAN FD local area bus is not only a simple DC power switch, but can also monitor the online charging and discharging status of the new energy high-voltage battery pack through the CAN FD local area network and input / output current sensors, that is, it is used for high-voltage and high-current switch control of high-power power supply and distribution units. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] To clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only one embodiment of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can draw inferences from these drawings and derive other similar drawings without inventive effort.

[0019] Figure 1 Appearance of the power switch of the energy storage battery system based on CAN FD bus Figure 1 ;

[0020] Figure 2 Appearance of the power switch of the energy storage battery system based on CAN FD bus Figure 2 ;

[0021] Figure 3 Appearance of the power switch of the energy storage battery system based on CAN FD bus Figure 3 ;

[0022] Figure 4 Decomposition of the power switch of the energy storage battery system based on the CAN FD bus Figure 1 ;

[0023] Figure 5 Decomposition of the power switch of the energy storage battery system based on the CAN FD bus Figure 2 ;

[0024] Figure 6 Decomposition of the power switch of the energy storage battery system based on the CAN FD bus Figure 3 ;

[0025] Figure 7Inverted shape of the power switch of the energy storage battery system based on the CAN FD bus Figure 1 ;

[0026] Figure 8 Inverted shape of the power switch of the energy storage battery system based on the CAN FD bus Figure 2 ;

[0027] Figure 9 Disassembly of the power switch of the CAN FD bus-based energy storage battery system after removing the top cover Figure 1 ;

[0028] Figure 10 Disassembly of the power switch of the CAN FD bus-based energy storage battery system after removing the top cover Figure 2 ;

[0029] Figure 11 Flameproof high-power relay and base frame disassembly Figure 1 ;

[0030] Figure 12 Flameproof high-power relay and base frame disassembly Figure 2 ;

[0031] Figure 13 Flameproof high-power relay and base frame disassembly Figure 3 ;

[0032] Figure 14 PCB circuit diagram of the power switch of the energy storage battery system based on the CAN FD bus;

[0033] Figure 15 Decomposition of the power switch of the energy storage battery system based on the CAN FD bus Figure 4 ;

[0034] Figure 16 Diagram of temperature sensor and temperature sensing cover.

[0035] Description of labels:

[0036] 1 Upper cover

[0037] 1-1 Power indicator

[0038] 1-2 Discharge indicator light

[0039] 1-3 Communication indicator

[0040] 1-4 Charging indicator light

[0041] 1-5 External thread of upper cover

[0042] 2 base frame

[0043] 2-1 Base frame fixing hole A

[0044] 2-2 Base frame fixing hole B

[0045] 2-3 Internal thread of base frame

[0046] 2-4 Base frame reinforcement

[0047] 2-5 PCB circuit board fixing holes

[0048] 2-6 Hole for fixing explosion-proof high-power relay on base frame

[0049] 3 CAN FD bus sockets

[0050] 4 PCB circuit boards

[0051] 4-1 Microcontroller Chip

[0052] 4-2 CAN FD Interface Chip

[0053] 4-3 Logic driver chip

[0054] 4-4 High-speed optical coupling chip

[0055] 4-5 Connect the LCD control cable

[0056] 4-6 Dual-channel filter

[0057] 4-7 Electrolytic capacitor bank

[0058] 4-8 Dual Current Sensor

[0059] 4-9 E group VMOS tube

[0060] 4-10 G group VMOS tube

[0061] 4-11 PCB circuit board positioning holes

[0062] 4-12 Digital Temperature Sensor

[0063] 4-13 Temperature hood

[0064] 4-14 Temperature sensor cover installation hole

[0065] 5. Flameproof high power relay

[0066] 5-1 Isolation trough

[0067] 5-2 Binding Posts

[0068] 5-3 Sampling screw

[0069] 5-4 Sampling copper plate

[0070] 5-5 Flameproof high-power relay mounting hole

[0071] 6 LCD screen DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0072] The specific embodiments of the present invention are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings:

[0073] A power switch for an energy storage battery system based on a CAN FD bus comprises an upper cover (1), a base frame (2), a CAN FD bus socket (3), a PCB circuit board (4), and an explosion-proof high-power relay (5). The main features are:

[0074] The power switch of the energy storage battery system based on the CAN FD bus has an LCD screen (6) embedded in the hexagonal portion of the upper cover (1), and the LCD screen (6) is surrounded by a power indicator light (1-1), a discharge indicator light (1-2), a communication indicator light (1-3), and a charging indicator light (1-4);

[0075] The portion where the upper cover (1) is connected to the base frame (2) is a cylinder, the cylindrical portion of the upper cover (1) is engraved with an upper cover external thread (1-5), the portion where the base frame is connected to the upper cover (1) is also a cylinder, the cylindrical portion of the base frame is engraved with a base frame internal thread (2-3), the upper cover external thread (1-5) is matched with the base frame internal thread (2-3), and then the upper cover (1) and the base frame (2) are connected into a whole;

[0076] The CAN FD bus socket (3) is a four-wire structure and is connected to the base frame (2) in a spiral manner;

[0077] The flameproof high-power relay (5) has an isolation slot (5-1) and a terminal block (5-2) as a switch input and output terminal and is connected to a sampling copper plate (5-4). A sampling screw (5-3) is provided on the sampling copper plate (5-4). A digital temperature sensor (4-12) is fixed to the sampling screw (5-3). The digital temperature sensor (4-12) is encapsulated in a temperature sensing cover (4-13). The bent leg pin of the digital temperature sensor (4-12) is connected to the PCB circuit board (4) through a connecting wire. Then, four screws pass through the flameproof high-power relay mounting hole (5-5) and are connected to the flameproof high-power relay hole (2-6) on the base frame to form a whole.

[0078] The inner wall of the base frame (2) is provided with a circle of base frame reinforcement ribs (2-4), and four PCB circuit board fixing holes (2-5) are opened on the base frame reinforcement ribs (2-4). The PCB circuit board (4) is mounted on the base frame reinforcement ribs (2-4), and the fixing screws pass through the PCB circuit board positioning holes (4-11) and the PCB circuit board fixing holes (2-5) on the base frame reinforcement ribs (2-4) to fix the PCB circuit board (4);

[0079] The PCB circuit board (4) is welded with a single-chip microcomputer chip (4-1), a CAN FD interface chip (4-2), a logic driver chip (4-3), a high-speed optical coupling chip (4-4), a control cable (4-5) for connecting to a liquid crystal, a dual-channel filter (4-6), an electrolytic capacitor group (4-7), a dual-channel current sensor (4-8), an E-group VMOS tube (4-9), and a G-group VMOS tube (4-10). Among them, the single-chip microcomputer chip (4-1) is the core control device of the power switch of the energy storage battery system based on the CAN FD bus, the high-speed optical coupling chip (4-4) and the CAN FD interface chip (4-2) provide a photoelectric isolation logic circuit of the CAN FD interface, and the dual-channel current sensor (4-8) is responsible for current input and current output.

[0080] Furthermore, the base frame (2) has a base frame fixing hole A (2-1) and a base frame fixing hole B (2-2) on both sides, which are used to fix the installation position of the power switch of the energy storage battery system based on the CAN FD bus.

[0081] Furthermore, the upper cover (1) and the base frame (2) are both injection-molded from engineering plastics.

[0082] Furthermore, the digital temperature sensor (4-12) is encapsulated in the temperature sensing cover (4-13), and then two sampling screws (5-3) pass through the temperature sensing cover mounting hole (4-14) to fix the digital temperature sensor (4-12) on the sampling copper plate (5-4). The temperature sensing surfaces of the two digital temperature sensors are closely attached to the two sampling copper plates (5-4) of the flameproof high-power relay (5), one of which is used to monitor the input side temperature, and the other is used to monitor the output side temperature.

[0083] Furthermore, the LCD screen (6) embedded in the upper cover (1) is rectangular, and there are four LED indicator lights around the four sides of the LCD screen (6), namely a power indicator light (1-1), a discharge indicator light (1-2), a communication indicator light (1-3), and a charging indicator light (1-4). This shows that the power switch of the energy storage battery system based on the CAN FD local area bus is not only a simple DC power switch, but can also monitor the online charging and discharging status of the new energy high-voltage battery pack through the CAN FD local area network and the input / output current sensor, that is, it is used for high voltage and high current switch control of the high-power power supply and distribution unit. Beneficial effects

[0084] In summary, the CAN FD bus-based energy storage battery system power switch proposed in this invention is a diversified and scalable technology that conforms to the development of artificial intelligence (AI) and big data analysis. Therefore, applying this technology to the online management and control of new energy batteries will greatly enhance the value of existing products and have significant beneficial effects:

[0085] First, the present invention proposes a CAN FD bus-based energy storage battery system power switch, which is an improved solution based on the "integrated DC circuit breaker" (patent number ZL201210050355.2) and the invention patent "electric vehicle DC circuit breaker" (patent number ZL201710716267.4) proposed by one of the inventors. Obviously, this is in line with the innovative arrangement of keeping pace with the times;

[0086] Secondly, the most substantial improvement of the present invention application is the introduction of the expanded CAN FD (CAN with Flexible Data-Rate) bus into the energy storage battery system power switch for the first time, and the adoption of two other invention patents authorized by the current patent holder, namely "Electric Vehicle CAN Bus Local Area Network Integrated Module Controller" (Invention Patent No.: ZL201710760842.0) and "Digital Pointer Drive Component Based on CAN Bus" (Invention Patent No.: ZL201811577308.7), which further consolidates the innovative foundation of the present invention application. Since the front panel of the present invention application is equipped with an LCD screen, the standard CAN protocol that only supports 8 bytes is expanded to a data packet that can transmit 64 bytes. The effective expansion of the CAN FD bus network also enables the LCD screen to display more sensor and control information from the host computer, facilitating the implementation of BMS battery management and EMS temperature control management. The energy storage battery system power switch is no longer a simple power switch component, but instead has more intelligent switch characteristics, and naturally constitutes an information exchange node in the energy storage battery control system network.

[0087] Secondly, the present invention proactively adopts the improved arbitration mechanism of the CAN FD bus, which is particularly unique in its handling of error frames. In the standard CAN protocol, if an error is detected, the entire data packet is discarded. The CAN FD bus provides an improved processing scheme, namely, it only discards the erroneous portion and retains the correct data packet. In addition, the CAN FD bus also adds a time stamp function for synchronized data and an adjustable baud rate, which strongly demonstrates the robustness of its network control, showing the characteristics of minimal system wiring and optimal overall layout performance.

[0088] Secondly, the present invention utilizes high-power intrinsically safe flameproof relays, which significantly reduces spark erosion caused by the relays opening and closing. If coupled with a PCS energy storage converter cabinet, the CAN FD bus-based energy storage battery system power switch control system could potentially be upgraded to a virtual synchronous power plant or master control switch for a regional power grid.

[0089] Secondly, in the present invention application, a single-chip microcomputer of the BMS battery management system is embedded on the PCB circuit board, with current transformers and dual-channel digital temperature sensors on the input and output sides, supporting the EMS temperature control management system, and protecting the safety of the battery system through the VMOS tube;

[0090] Secondly, the invention of this application is a power switch for an energy storage battery system based on the CAN FD bus, which is significantly different from an ordinary DC power switch. This difference is also reflected in: the invention adopts an integrated structure, with an LCD screen, CAN FD bus, control circuit and high-power DC explosion-proof relay, combining electronics, electromagnetics, network control and big data analysis into one, and encapsulating them in the same topological space, thereby greatly improving the system's anti-interference ability and directly ensuring the reliability of the power switch for the energy storage battery system based on the CAN FD bus.

[0091] The above is a preferred embodiment of the present invention. In this specification, specific examples are used to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present invention. They are only used to help engineers and technicians in this field understand the core ideas of the present invention and should not be misunderstood as limiting the present invention. It is understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and details made to the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention as defined in the attached claims are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A power switch for an energy storage battery system based on a CAN FD bus, comprising an upper cover (1), a base frame (2), a CAN FD bus socket (3), a PCB circuit board (4), and an explosion-proof high-power relay (5), characterized in that: The power switch of the energy storage battery system based on the CAN FD bus has an LCD screen (6) embedded in the hexagonal portion of the upper cover (1), and the LCD screen (6) is surrounded by a power indicator light (1-1), a discharge indicator light (1-2), a communication indicator light (1-3), and a charging indicator light (1-4); The portion where the upper cover (1) is connected to the base frame (2) is a cylinder, the cylindrical portion of the upper cover (1) is engraved with an upper cover external thread (1-5), the portion where the base frame is connected to the upper cover (1) is also a cylinder, the cylindrical portion of the base frame is engraved with a base frame internal thread (2-3), the upper cover external thread (1-5) is matched with the base frame internal thread (2-3), and then the upper cover (1) and the base frame (2) are connected into a whole; The CAN FD bus socket (3) is a four-wire structure and is connected to the base frame (2) in a spiral manner; The flameproof high-power relay (5) has an isolation slot (5-1) and two terminal blocks (5-2) as input and output terminals of the switch, the terminal blocks are connected to a sampling copper plate (5-4), a sampling screw (5-3) is provided on the sampling copper plate (5-4), a digital temperature sensor (4-12) is fixed on the sampling screw (5-3), the digital temperature sensor (4-12) is encapsulated in a temperature sensing cover (4-13), the bent leg pin of the digital temperature sensor (4-12) is connected to the PCB circuit board (4) through a connecting wire, and then four screws are passed through the flameproof high-power relay mounting hole (5-5) and connected to the flameproof high-power relay hole (2-6) on the base frame; The inner wall of the base frame (2) is provided with a circle of base frame reinforcement ribs (2-4), and four PCB circuit board fixing holes (2-5) are opened on the base frame reinforcement ribs (2-4). The PCB circuit board (4) is mounted on the base frame reinforcement ribs (2-4), and the fixing screws pass through the PCB circuit board positioning holes (4-11) and the PCB circuit board fixing holes (2-5) on the base frame reinforcement ribs (2-4) to fix the PCB circuit board (4); The PCB circuit board (4) is welded with a single-chip microcomputer chip (4-1), a CAN FD interface chip (4-2), a logic driver chip (4-3), a high-speed optical coupling chip (4-4), a control cable (4-5) for connecting to a liquid crystal, a dual-channel filter (4-6), an electrolytic capacitor group (4-7), a dual-channel current sensor (4-8), an E-group VMOS tube (4-9), and a G-group VMOS tube (4-10). Among them, the single-chip microcomputer chip (4-1) is the core control device of the power switch of the energy storage battery system based on the CAN FD bus, the high-speed optical coupling chip (4-4) and the CAN FD interface chip (4-2) provide a photoelectric isolation logic circuit of the CAN FD interface, and the dual-channel current sensor (4-8) is responsible for current input and current output.

2. The power switch of the energy storage battery system based on the CAN FD bus according to claim 1, characterized in that: The base frame (2) has a base frame fixing hole A (2-1) and a base frame fixing hole B (2-2) on both sides, which are used to fix the installation position of the power switch of the energy storage battery system based on the CAN FD bus.

3. The power switch of the energy storage battery system based on the CAN FD bus according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper cover (1) and the base frame (2) are both injection-molded from engineering plastics.

4. The power switch of the energy storage battery system based on the CAN FD bus according to claim 1, characterized in that: The digital temperature sensor (4-12) is encapsulated in a temperature sensing cover (4-13), and then two sampling screws (5-3) pass through the temperature sensing cover mounting hole (4-14) to fix the digital temperature sensor (4-12) on the sampling copper plate (5-4). The temperature sensing surfaces of the two digital temperature sensors are closely attached to the two sampling copper plates (5-4) of the flameproof high-power relay (5), one of which is used to monitor the input side temperature, and the other is used to monitor the output side temperature.

5. The power switch of the energy storage battery system based on the CAN FD bus according to claim 1, characterized in that: The LCD screen (6) embedded in the upper cover (1) is rectangular, and four LED light-emitting diode indicators are arranged around the four sides of the LCD screen (6), namely a power indicator light (1-1), a discharge indicator light (1-2), a communication indicator light (1-3), and a charging indicator light (1-4).

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